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1.
Low validity of predictive equations for calculating resting energy expenditure in overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome
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A. M. dos S. Rodrigues A. B. P. Costa D. L. Campos M. P. S. Silva A. L. Cândido L. C. dos Santos A. V. M. Ferreira 《Journal of human nutrition and dietetics》2018,31(2):266-275
Background
Predictive equations are the main clinical tools for determining resting energy expenditure (REE ). However, their adequate use in overweight and obese individuals is unclear. Thus, we investigated the best predictive equations for estimating REE in overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS ).Methods
Eleven analyses were performed with prediction equations (pREE ) based on anthropometric parameters in 30 overweight or obese women with PCOS without other chronic diseases. The measured REE (mREE ) was calculated by indirect calorimetry. The validity of the equations was investigated by comparison, accuracy and agreement tests between pREE and mREE at both the individual and group level.Results
Four analyses were similar to those of mREE , and smallest mean differences were observed for the World Health Organization/Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/United Nations University (WHO /FAO /UNU ) considering weight (W) [0.07 (1.13) MJ (16 [270] kcal)]. Individual accuracy was greater than 50% for Harris and Benedict, Müller and Lazzer equations. The percentage of REE underestimation ranged between 16.7% and 73.3%, whereas higher rates of overestimation were observed in the De Luis (66.7%) and Ireton‐Jones (43.3%) equations. Mean bias at the group level was lowest in the WHO /FAO /UNU W and WHO /FAO /UNU considering weight and height (WH ), Müller and Lazzer equations (–2.8 to 0.5). The WHO /FAO /UNU W and WHO /FAO /UNU WH formulas were optimal in individual agreement (33.3%).Conclusions
FAO /WHO /UNU W equations may estimate the REE in overweight and obese women with PCOS . However, the low individual accuracy and agreement in relation to mREE suggest caution regarding when to use the formula to perform an individual nutritional plan.2.
Yimin Chen MS RD CNSC Jennifer Kintner MS RD CSP Sam K. Rifkin MS RD Kathryn S. Keim PhD RD Christy C. Tangney PhD FACN CNS 《JPEN. Journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition》2016,40(6):877-882
Background:There is no consensus whether resting energy expenditure (REE) following orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is altered. Methods: The objectives of this investigation were to describe changes in measured REE (mREE) using indirect calorimetry in 25 OLT patients on days 5, 10, and 15 after baseline (within 72 hours following OLT) and compare mREE changes with those calculated with 2 predicted equations for energy expenditure (pREE): the Harris‐Benedict and Schofield equations. Results: Patients were 57 ± 5.4 years of age, 44% were male, 36% were black, and 72% had liver disease of viral etiology. Measured REE (at baseline and days 5, 10, and 15, per kcal/d: 1832 ± 952, 1565 ± 383, 1538 ± 345, 1578 ± 418) and kcal per kilogram of body weight (22.7 ± 12.8, 18.4 ± 4, 18.7 ± 3.8, 21 ± 6.5) did not change over time. In contrast, changes in pREE based on either the Harris‐Benedict (P < .001) or Schofield (P = .006) equation using measured weights at each corresponding time point and lowest body weight during the study to estimate dry weight were significant. Conclusions: Wide ranges in both mREE and mREE expressed per kilogram of body weight at each study time point were observed in contrast to pREE, which declined by day 15. The observed differences in mREE over time suggest indirect calorimetry is indicated if available following OLT. Additional research is warranted to determine the most appropriate predictive equation with suitable stress factors to use when indirect calorimetry is not available. 相似文献
3.
Jesus P Desport JC Massoulard A Villemonteix C Baptiste A Gindre-Poulvelarie L Lorgueuilleux S Javerliat V Fraysse JL Preux PM 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2012,16(5):504-508
Introduction
Limousin in France has the second oldest regional population in Europe, with people over 65-years-old who have Alzheimer??s disease accounting for more than 9%. In France as a whole, a large number of residents in nursing homes (NH) have dementia, leading to many nutritional problems. LINUT is a health network that assesses the nutritional status of elderly NH residents and provides support where necessary. Aims of the present study were to use this network to evaluate the nutritional status of NH residents with and without dementia and to review changes after 4 months of intervention.Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted by a doctor and a dietician at baseline (T0) and 4 months (T4) among residents at the 26 NH in Limousin that agreed to take part. The evaluation criteria included presence of dementia, depression and autonomy, weight, height, body mass index, Mini Nutritional Assessement (MNA?), and a 3-day survey of food intake.Results
The 346 residents assessed at T0 were aged 87.9±6.9 years, 83.4% were women, 66.8% had dementia, 53.3% were malnourished and 27.4% obese. Autonomy was not affected by obesity. Residents with dementia had a lower Activities of Daily Living score and a lower weight than non-demented individuals (2.2±1.2 vs. 2.7±1.7 p=0.03 and 60.1±16.3 vs. 64.7±20.0 kg p=0.03, respectively), were more often malnourished (56.1% vs. 46.4% p=0.004) and less often obese (22.0% vs. 39.1% p=0.004) but consumed more protein (62.6±17.8 vs. 58.2±16.9 g/d p=0.04, 1.1±0.4 vs. 1.0±0.4 g/kg/d p=0.005). Energy intake was at the lower limit of French recommendations (26.4±8.8 vs. >25.0 kcal/kg/d). Assessment of all residents at T4 showed improved MNA? (+0.4 points/month p=0.02), protein intake (+3.3 g/d p=0.0007), and energy intake (+41.4 kcal/d p=0.01 and 0.1 kcal/kg/d p=0.03). Variations in prevalences of malnutrition and obesity were not statistically significant. MNA? increased in the dementia group (+0.29±0.8 points/month p=0.003). All other changes were comparable, and nutritional status did not differ more between the two groups at T4 than at T0.Conclusion
The prevalence of dementia was high in the population studied. Malnutrition was the main problem, particularly if residents had dementia. Protein intake was satisfactory, but energy intake often insufficient. The nutritional status of dementia patients improved after 4 months of follow-up, suggesting that effective action to support such services would be worthwhile. 相似文献4.
H. Aleman-Mateo E. Rush J. Esparza-Romero E. Ferriolli M. Ramirez-Zea A. Bour G. Yuchingtat R. Ndour N. Mokhtar M.E. Valencia D.A. Schoeller 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2010,14(6):418-426
Objective
Several limitations of published bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) equations have been reported. The aims were to develop in a multiethnic, elderly population a new prediction equation and cross-validate it along with some published BIA equations for estimating fat-free mass using deuterium oxide dilution as the reference method.Design and setting
Cross-sectional study of elderly from five developing countries.Methods
Total body water (TBW) measured by deuterium dilution was used to determine fat-free mass (FFM) in 383 subjects. Anthropometric and BIA variables were also measured. Only 377 subjects were included for the analysis, randomly divided into development and cross-validation groups after stratified by gender. Stepwise model selection was used to generate the model and Bland Altman analysis was used to test agreement.Results
FFM = 2.95 ? 3.89 (Gender) + 0.514 (Ht2/Z) + 0.090 (Waist) + 0.156 (Body weight). The model fit parameters were an R2, total F-Ratio, and the SEE of 0.88, 314.3, and 3.3, respectively. None of the published BIA equations met the criteria for agreement. The new BIA equation underestimated FFM by just 0.3 kg in the cross-validation sample. The mean of the difference between FFM by TBW and the new BIA equation were not significantly different; 95% of the differences were between the limits of agreement of -6.3 to 6.9 kg of FFM. There was no significant association between the mean of the differences and their averages (r= 0.008 and p= 0.2).Conclusions
This new BIA equation offers a valid option compared with some of the current published BIA equations to estimate FFM in elderly subjects from five developing countries. 相似文献5.
《Journal of the American Dietetic Association》2008,108(12):2031-2040
Objective
Underreporting of energy intake is prevalent in food surveys, but there is controversy about which dietary assessment method provides greater underreporting rates. Our objective is to compare validity of self-reported energy intake obtained by three dietary assessment methods with total energy expenditure (TEE) obtained by doubly labeled water (DLW) among Brazilian women.Design
We used a cross-sectional study.Subjects/setting
Sixty-five females aged 18 to 57 years (28 normal-weight, 10 overweight, and 27 obese) were recruited from two universities to participate.Main outcome measures
TEE determined by DLW, energy intake estimated by three 24-hour recalls, 3-day food record, and a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ).Statistical analyses performed
Regression and analysis of variance with repeated measures compared TEE and energy intake values, and energy intake-to-TEE ratios and energy intake−TEE values between dietary assessment methods. Bland and Altman plots were provided for each method. χ2 test compared proportion of underreporters between the methods.Results
Mean TEE was 2,622 kcal (standard deviation [SD]=490 kcal), while mean energy intake was 2,078 kcal (SD=430 kcal) for the diet recalls; 2,044 kcal (SD=479 kcal) for the food record and 1,984 kcal (SD=832 kcal) for the FFQ (all energy intake values significantly differed from TEE; P<0.0001). Bland and Altman plots indicated great dispersion, negative mean differences between measurements, and wide limits of agreement. Obese subjects underreported more than normal-weight subjects in the diet recalls and in the food records, but not in the FFQ. Years of education, income and ethnicity were associated with reporting accuracy.Conclusions
The FFQ produced greater under- and overestimation of energy intake. Underreporting of energy intake is a serious and prevalent error in dietary self-reports provided by Brazilian women, as has been described in studies conducted in developed countries. 相似文献6.
D. L. Waters R. Vawter C. Qualls S. Chode R. Armamento-Villareal Dennis T. Villareal 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2013,17(1):3-7
Objectives
To determine if long-term weight loss with associated improvement in physical and metabolic health can be maintained after lifestyle intervention in frail, obese older adults.Design
Thirty-month follow-up pilot study of a 1-year lifestyle intervention trial.Setting
Community.Participants
Sixteen frail, obese (body mass index=36±2 kg/m2) older (71±1 yr.) adults.Measurements
Body weight and composition, physical function, markers of the metabolic syndrome, glucose and insulin response to an oral glucose tolerance test, bone mineral density (BMD), liver and renal function tests, and food diaries.Results
At 30-month follow-up, weight (101.5±3.8 vs. 94.5±3.9 kg) and BMI (36.0 ±1.7 vs. 33.5±1.7 kg/m2) remained significantly below baseline (all p<0.05). No significant change in fat-free mass (56.7±2.1 vs. 56.9±2.2 kg) or appendicular lean mass (24.1±1.0 vs. 24.1±1.1kg, all p>0.05) occurred between 12 months (end of trial) and 30 months. Improvements in the physical performance test (PPT 27±0.7 vs. 30.2±0.6), insulin sensitivity (4.1±0.8 vs. 3.0±0.6), and insulin area under the curve (12484±2042 vs. 9270±1139 min.mg/dl) remained at 30 months compared to baseline (all p<0.05). Waist circumference (116±3 vs. 109±3 cm) and systolic blood pressure (134±6 vs. 123±5 mm HG) remained decreased at 30 months compared to baseline (all p<0.05). Whole body and lumbar spine BMD did not change; however, total hip BMD progressively decreased at 30 months compared to baseline (0.985±.026 vs. 0.941±.024 g/cm2; p<0.05). There were no adverse effects on liver or renal function. Food frequency questionnaire data showed lower overall caloric intake (?619±157 kcal/day) at 30 months compared to baseline (p<0.05).Conclusion
These findings suggest that long-term maintenance of clinically important weight loss is possible in frail, obese older adults. Weight maintenance appears to be achieved through continued caloric restriction. Larger, long-term studies are needed to follow up on these findings and investigate mechanisms and behaviors underlying maintenance of weight loss and physical function. 相似文献7.
Suwen Yang Tanji Hoshi Naoko Nakayama Shuo Wang Fanlei Kong 《Environmental health and preventive medicine》2013,18(1):33-39
Objectives
The aim of this chronological study was to elucidate the effects of socio-economic status (SES) and physical health on the long-term care (LTC) needs of a Japanese elderly population and to explore their causal relationships.Methods
A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to all residents aged 65 years and older of Tama City, Tokyo, in September 2001. A total of 13,195 completed questionnaires were returned, giving a response rate of 80.2 %. A follow-up study was done using the same questionnaire in 2004. Ultimately, 7,905 respondents were included in our analysis. Data analysis was performed using correlation analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM). For SEM, we used one observed variable (LTC needs in 2004) and three latent variables (SES in 2001 and physical health in both 2001 and 2004).Results
The data were well fit by the models, with a NFI of 0.980, CFI of 0.982, and RMSEA of 0.032. LTC needs were well explained by the three latent variables (R 2 = 0.70 and 0.66 for elderly men and women, respectively). Among all variables, physical health in 2004 was the strongest determinant of LTC needs, followed by physical health in 2001, and SES in 2001. Gender differences in the structural relationships were minor.Conclusions
Our results indicate that good physical health directly contributes to reducing LTC needs among Japanese elderly. In addition, efforts to increase income and educational levels may help to decrease LTC needs by indirectly improving physical health. 相似文献8.
T. M. Puranen S. E. Pietila K. H. Pitkala H. Kautiainen M. Raivio U. Eloniemi-Sulkava S. K. Jyvakorpi Merja Suominen 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2014,18(7):672-676
Objective
Alzheimer patients (AD) are known to be at risk for malnutrition and their older spouses may also have nutritional problems. The aim of our study was to clarify the association of caregivers' sex on the nutrient intake of AD couples.Setting
Our study uses the baseline data of a randomized nutritional trial exploring the effectiveness of nutrition intervention among home-dwelling AD patients.Participants
The central AD register in Finland was used to recruit AD patients living with a spousal caregiver, 99 couples participated in our study.Measurements
Nutritional status was assessed using the Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA). Nutrient intakes for both AD patients and their spouses were calculated from 3-day food diaries.Results
The mean age of caregivers and AD spouses was 75.2 (SD 7.0) and 77.4 years (SD 5.6), respectively. According to the MNA, 40% of male and 52% of female AD spouses were at risk for malnutrition. Among male caregivers, the mean energy and protein intakes were 1605 kcal (SD 458) and 0.93g/body kg (SD 0.30), whereas the respective figures for their female AD spouses were 1313 kcal (SD 340) and 0.86 g/body kg (SD 0.32), respectively. Among female caregivers, the mean energy and protein intakes were 1536 kcal (SD 402) and 1.00 g/body kg (SD 0.30), whereas the respective figures for their male AD spouses were 1897 kcal (SD 416) and 1.04 g/body kg (SD 0.30). The interaction between male caregiver sex and lower energy (p<0.001) and lower protein intake (p=0.0048) (adjusted for age and MMSE) was significant. Similar differences between caregiver sexes were observed with the intake of various nutrients.Conclusions
A gender difference exists in the ability to cope with caregiver responsibilities related to nutrition. A need exists for tailored nutritional guidance among older individuals and especially among male caregivers. 相似文献9.
Caroline Buss Carolina Marinho Priscila Alves Maranhão Eliete Bouskela Luiz Guilherme Kraemer-Aguiar 《European journal of nutrition》2013,52(3):1099-1105
Purpose
To identify associations between long-term (1 year) food intake and skin nutritive microvascular function in healthy subjects.Methods
This was a cross-sectional study. A validated 88-item food-frequency questionnaire was administered to 39 healthy men aged 23.4 ± 0.5 years and body mass index 23.3 ± 2.3 kg/m2, who reported food intake during the last year and underwent videocapillaroscopy exams. The main outcome was the increase in functional capillary recruitment, that is, peak capillary density after post-occlusive reactive hyperemia subtracted from basal capillary density (caps/mm2). Associations between reported food intake and functional capillary recruitment were investigated.Results
Daily average estimates of intake were: total energy (3,745 ± 1,365 kcal), carbohydrates (60.1 ± 5.9 %), lipids (22.1 ± 4.4 %), proteins (17.8 ± 4.1 %), fibers (33.9 ± 18.5 g), and cholesterol (492.8 ± 209.6 mg). Positive significant correlations with capillary recruitment were found for selenium (as μg/day/1,000 kcal; rho = 0.3412, p = 0.038,) calcium (as mg/day/1,000 kcal; rho = 0.3390, p = 0.043), and percentage of total energy from dairy products (rho = 0.3660, p = 0.023).Conclusions
Long-term intakes of selenium, calcium, and dairy products were positively associated with capillary recruitment in skin nutritive microcirculation in healthy young men. The role of such dietary components is discussed and possible mechanisms for their effects should be further investigated. This evidence adds one more possible functional property of these nutrients and food items. 相似文献10.
Karien Lombard J. van Steijn T. Schuur M. Kuhn C. Rouws E.-L. Huinink C. van der Hooft D. van Asselt 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2014,18(7):649-653
Introduction
Compliance is important in optimizing the clinical effectiveness of oral nutritional supplements (ONS). Small volume, energy-dense ONS (ED-ONS; ≥2 kcal/ml) have been shown to improve compliance in clinical trial settings. However, data from clinical practice is still lacking. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of ED-ONS on the compliance in an observational set-up to obtain data from daily clinical practice on a geriatric ward.Methods
Geriatric inpatients, undernourished or at risk of undernutrition received two servings of either ED-ONS (125ml, 2.4 kcal/ml: Nutridrink Compact Energy, Nutricia) or a standard ONS (S-ONS; 200ml, 1.5 kcal/ml: Nutridrink) as part of their daily routine care. Patients were allocated to a group according to availability of beds and placement on the ward. Compliance (kcal/day and % of prescribed volume) was assessed by weighing returned bottles. Data were analyzed via Mixed Model for Repeated Measures.Results
Forty-seven patients received ED-ONS, and 61 patients received S-ONS. Compliance was significantly higher with ED-ONS in geriatric inpatients compared to S-ONS ( 378 ± 14.0 kcal/day vs. 337 ± 13.6 kcal/day (mean±SEM), p = 0.039, 63.0 ± 2.34% vs. 56.2 ± 2.26%, p = 0.039). Moreover, a trend (p=0.078) was observed towards an increasing difference in compliance over time.Conclusion
This study shows that compliance to ED-ONS is significantly better than to S-ONS in daily clinical practice. Although small, the difference in compliance seems to increase over time, suggesting clinical relevance with longer treatment. 相似文献11.
Fanny Buckinx S. Allepaerts N. Paquot J. Y. Reginster C. de Cock J. Petermans O. Bruyère 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2017,21(6):727-732
Objective
The aim of this study was to compare energy and protein content of the served food with the actual intake from the food consumed by nursing home residents. This study also aimed to compare food intake and dietary allowances.Design
This is a cross sectional study.Setting
This study was performed in nursing homes.Participants
Residents of these 2 nursing homes were eligible for the study if they agreed to participate and if they meet the selection criteria (to be older than 65 years and have a regular texture diet).Measurement
Nutrient content of the served food and real food consumption was calculated for all meals during a 5-day period by precise weighting method. Difference between consumed and served dietary content was evaluated by the Chi² test.Results
Seventy-four Belgian nursing home residents (75% of women, 85.8 ± 7.04 years on average) were included in this study. These subjects had a mean body mass index of 24.9 ± 4.83 kg/m². The mean energy content of the served food was 1783.3 ± 125.7 kcal per day. However, residents did not eat the whole of the meals and the actual energy content of the consumed food was significantly less (1552.4 ± 342.1 kcal per day; p<.001). The average protein content of the food served was equal to 0.96 ± 0.20 g/kg/day and the average consumption of protein by the residents was 0.88 ± 0.25 g/kg/day. The difference between protein served and consumed was also significant (p=.04). Moreover, people considered as well nourished, eating significantly more energy than the others (p=.04).Conclusion
Meals served in nursing homes are not entirely consumed by their residents. As expected, the energy consumed are lower in subjects considered as malnourished or at risk of malnutrition.12.
Rosalind Fallaize Louise Wilson Juliet Gray Linda M. Morgan Bruce A. Griffin 《European journal of nutrition》2013,52(4):1353-1359
Purpose
To determine the relative impact of three iso-caloric breakfast meals, of variable composition, on satiety, hunger and subsequent intake of energy.Methods
In a three-way, crossover design, 30 healthy men (age of 21.7 ± 1.2 years; BMI, 23.1 ± 2.7 kg/m2) were randomised to one of three test breakfasts, on three separate occasions, separated by 1 week. The breakfasts consisted of eggs on toast, cereal (cornflakes) with milk and toast, or a croissant and orange juice. Subjective ratings of satiety, hunger, fullness and desire to eat were recorded at 30-min intervals by electronic visual analogue scales (VAS). Energy intake was assessed by weighed food intake at an ad libitum lunch and evening meal.Results
Participants showed increased satiety, less hunger and a lower desire to eat after the breakfast containing eggs relative to the cereal (p < 0.02), and croissant-based meals (p < 0.0001). The egg breakfast was also accompanied by a significantly lower intake of energy relative to the croissant- and cereal-based breakfasts at the buffet lunch and evening meal, respectively, 1,284 ± 464 (egg) versus 1,442 ± 426 kcal (croissant), p = 0.03, 1,407 ± 379 (cereal) at lunch and 1,899 ± 729 (egg) versus 2,214 ± 620 kcal (cereal), p = 0.02, 2,047 ± 712 (croissant) at evening meal. The breakfast meal with the greatest effect on satiety and subsequent intake of energy was distinct in having the highest protein and lowest carbohydrate content relative to the other two breakfasts.Conclusion
These findings provide evidence to support the importance of food choice at breakfast as a means of increasing satiety in the morning and reducing energy intake at lunch. 相似文献13.
Divine?E.?Ediebah Jaap?C.?Reijneveld Martin?J.?B.?Taphoorn Corneel?Coens Efstathios?Zikos Neil?K.?Aaronson Jan?J.?Heimans Andrew?Bottomley Martin?Klein 《Quality of life research》2017,26(4):869-880
Purpose
Clinical trials in glioma patients with neurocognitive deficits face challenges due to lacking or unreliable patient self-reports on their health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Patient–proxy data could help solve this issue. We determined whether patient–proxy concordance levels were affected by patients’ neurocognitive functioning.Methods
Patient and patient-by-proxy HRQOL ratings were assessed via SF-36 and EORTC QLQ-BN20, respectively, in 246 patients. Data on neurocognitive functioning were collected on a subgroup of 195 patients. Patient–proxy agreement was measured using the Bland–Altman limit of agreement, the mean difference, the concordance correlation coefficient (CCC), and the percentage difference (PD, ±0, 5, or 10 points). We defined patients to be cognitively impaired (n = 66) or cognitively intact (n = 129) based on their neurocognitive performance.Results
Patients rated their physical function and general health to be better than their proxies did, while at the same time, patients reported more visual disorders, communication deficits, itchy skin, and problems with bladder control. The cognitively impaired subgroup reported poorer physical functioning, more visual disorders, headaches, itchy skin, and issues with bladder control. In the cognitively intact group, no statistical significant differences were observed between patients and proxies. Not surprisingly, Bland–Altman plots revealed a high agreement between the patient and patient-by-proxy rating in all HRQOL domains ranging from 95 to 99 %. The CCC was fairly high in all HRQOL domains (0.37–0.80), and the percentage of perfect agreement (PD ± 0) ranged from 8.5 to 76.8 %. In the cognitively impaired patients, the mean difference between patients and proxies was overall larger, and accordingly, agreement based on Bland–Altman plots was lower.Conclusions
The level of agreement between patient and patient-by-proxy ratings of low-grade glioma patients’ HRQOL is generally high. However, patient–proxy agreement is lower in patients with neurocognitive deficits than in patients without neurocognitive deficits.14.
Belinda Elisha Rémi Rabasa-Lhoret Virginie Messier Joseph Abdulnour Antony D. Karelis 《European journal of nutrition》2013,52(1):145-151
Objective
The purpose of the present secondary analysis study was to investigate the ability of the body adiposity index (BAI) to detect changes in % body fat levels before and after a weight loss intervention when compared to % body fat levels measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and to examine the relationship between the BAI with cardiometabolic risk factors.Methods
The study population for this secondary analysis included 132 non-diabetic obese sedentary postmenopausal women (age: 57.2 ± 4.7 years, BMI: 35.0 ± 3.7 kg/m2) participating in a weight loss intervention that consisted of a calorie-restricted diet with or without resistance training. We measured: (1) visceral fat using CT-scan, (2) body composition using DXA, (3) hip circumference and height from which the BAI was calculated, and (4) cardiometabolic risk factors such as insulin sensitivity (using the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp), blood pressure as well as fasting plasma lipids, hsC-reactive protein (CRP), leptin, and glucose.Results
Percent body fat levels for both methods significantly decreased after the weight loss intervention. In addition, the percent change in % body fat levels after the weight loss intervention was significantly different between % body fat measured using the DXA and the BAI (?4.5 ± 6.6 vs. ?5.8 ± 5.9%; p = 0.03, respectively). However, we observed a good overall agreement between the two methods, as shown by the Bland–Altman analysis, for percent change in % body fat. Furthermore, similar correlations were observed between both measures of % body fat with cardiometabolic risk factors. However, results from the multiple linear regression analysis showed that % body fat using the BAI appeared to predict cardiometabolic risk factors differently than % body fat using the DXA in our cohort.Conclusions
Estimating % body fat using the BAI seems to accurately trace variations of % body fat after weight loss. However, this index showed differences in predicting cardiometabolic risk factors when compared to % body fat measured using DXA. 相似文献15.
A. E. Vieira Senger C. H. A. Schwanke I. Gomes Maria Gabriela Valle Gottlieb 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2012,16(9):738-742
Objective
To evaluate the effect of the consumption of green tea on components of MS in the elderly.Design
Intervention study.Setting
The sample was selected from the Geriatric Service of Hospital S?o Lucas of Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul.Participants
45 elderly with MS were enrolled and allocated into two groups: green tea group (GTG, n = 24), who drank green tea and control group (CG, n= 21) without intervention.Intervention
The GTG received sachets of 1.0 g of green tea, and should drink three cups per day for 60 days and the CG was instructed not to make changes in their lifestyle.Measurements
The diagnostic criteria for MS used were the International Diabetes Federation. The lipidic and glycemie profile, and anthropometric measurements were evaluated before and after intervention.Results
There was a statistically significant weight loss only in GTG [71.5±12.6 kg to 70.3±12.6 kg (p<0.001)]. A statistically significant decrease in BMI [?0.5±0.4 kg/m2 in GTG and ?0.2±0.6 kg/m2 in CG (P=0.032)] and waist circumference [?2.2±2.0 cm in GTG and ? 0.3±1.8 cm in CG (P=0.002)] were observed. The intake of green tea did not change the biochemical parameters.Conclusion
The consumption of green tea was effective in inducing weight loss, reducing BMI and waist circumference in the elderly with MS. 相似文献16.
Gaillard C Alix E Salle A Berrut G Ritz P 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2008,12(4):277-280
Objectives: Some prediction equations of resting energy expenditure (REE) are available and can be used in clinical wards to determine
energy requirements of patients. The aim of the present study was to assess the accuracy of those equations in sick elderly
patients, using the Bland & Altman methods with our database of 187 REE measurements.Design: The 3 equations tested were Harris & Benedict equation of 1919, WHO/FAO/UNU equation of 1985 and Fredrix et al. equation
of 1990. In addition, three models developed from the present data were tested.Results: The present study shows that the Fredrix et al equation gave an accurate prediction of REE without significant bias along
the whole range of REE. It also shows that under-weight sick elderly patients (BMI ≤ 21 kg/m2) had a greater weight-adjusted REE than their normal weight counterparts.Conclusion: A simple formula using a factor multiplying body weight, i.e. 22 kcal/kg/d in under-weight and 19 kcal/kg/d in normal weight
sick elderly was accurate to predicting REE and bias was not influenced by the level of REE. This model included half of the
group in the range of ±10% of the difference between predicted REE and measured REE, but the confidence interval of the bias
was ±400 kcal/d. Conversely, the Harris & Benedict and WHO formulae did accurately predict REE. 相似文献
17.
Isabelle Aeberli Annina Erb Kerstin Spliethoff Daniela Meier Oliver Götze Heiko Frühauf Mark Fox Graham S. Finlayson Max Gassmann Kaspar Berneis Marco Maggiorini Wolfgang Langhans Thomas A. Lutz 《European journal of nutrition》2013,52(2):625-635
Purpose
Hypoxia has been shown to reduce energy intake and lead to weight loss, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. The aim was therefore to assess changes in eating after rapid ascent to 4,559 m and to investigate to what extent hypoxia, acute mountain sickness (AMS), food preferences and satiation hormones influence eating behavior.Methods
Participants (n = 23) were studied at near sea level (Zurich (ZH), 446 m) and on two days after rapid ascent to Capanna Margherita (MG) at 4,559 m (MG2 and MG4). Changes in appetite, food preferences and energy intake in an ad libitum meal were assessed. Plasma concentrations of cholecystokinin, peptide tyrosine–tyrosine, gastrin, glucagon and amylin were measured. Peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) was monitored, and AMS assessed using the Lake Louis score.Results
Energy intake from the ad libitum meal was reduced on MG2 compared to ZH (643 ± 308 vs. 952 ± 458 kcal, p = 0.001), but was similar to ZH on MG4 (890 ± 298 kcal). Energy intake on all test days was correlated with hunger/satiety scores prior to the meal and AMS scores on MG2 but not with SpO2 on any of the 3 days. Liking for high-fat foods before a meal predicted subsequent energy intake on all days. None of the satiation hormones showed significant differences between the 3 days.Conclusion
Reduced energy intake after rapid ascent to high altitude is associated with AMS severity. This effect was not directly associated with hypoxia or changes in gastrointestinal hormones. Other peripheral and central factors appear to reduce food intake at high altitude. 相似文献18.
Coin A Veronese N De Rui M Mosele M Bolzetta F Girardi A Manzato E Sergi G 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2012,16(6):553-556
Introduction
The body mass index (BMI) is commonly used to assess nutritional status and the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) is a validated tool for assessing cognitive status in elderly people. Nutritional and cognitive aspects are closely related in dementia.Objectives
To establish whether BMI predicts cognitive decline in demented patients and whether an ??alarm?? BMI cut-off exists for declining MMSE scores.Subjects and methods
82 elderly demented patients underwent clinical, bio-chemical and functional assessment.Design
Transversal study.Results
The mean BMI was 26.08±4.48 kg/m2 and the mean MMSE 18.68±5.38. Patients with BMI<25 kg/m2 had significantly lower MMSE scores (16.5±5.53 vs 20.38±4.64; p 0.001), fat-free mass (FFM; 27.76±8.99 vs 37.38±10.58 kg; p<0.001), fat-free mass index (FFMI; 11.52±3.03 vs 14.67±2.89 kg/m2; p<0.001), and fat mass (FM; 24.90±6.89 vs 36.86±6.77 kg; p<0.001), as well as lower Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) scores (23.80±2.50 vs 25.00±2.29; p=0.03) and higher vitamin B12 levels (460.95±289.80 vs 332.43±82.07 pg/ml; p=0.01). In the sample as a whole, MMSE scores significantly correlated with scores for MNA (r=0.27, p=0.01), FFM (r=0.27, p=0.01), BMI (r=0.19, p=0.05), ADL (r=0.28, p=0.01) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL; r=0.34, p=0.002). On multiple logistic regression, BMI<25 kg/m2 was independently associated with the risk of moderate-severe cognitive impairment (OR=2.96; 95% CI; 1.16?C7.55) and female gender was independently associated with severity of dementia (OR=3.14; 95% CI; 1.09?C9.03).Conclusion
BMI seems to indicate global health status in elderly demented people and a BMI of 25 kg/m2 can be considered an ??alarm?? cutoff, lower values coinciding with a worse cognitive status based on MMSE scores. 相似文献19.
Rebecca B. Little Robert A. Oster Betty E. Darnell Wendy Demark-Wahnefried L. Burt Nabors 《Nutrition and cancer》2016,68(6):926-934
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is rare, yet it is the most common brain malignancy and has a poor prognosis. In regard to GBM, there is a dearth of research on resting energy expenditure (REE) and the accuracy of extant prediction equations. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to compare measured REE (mREE) to commonly used prediction equations in newly diagnosed GBM patients. REE was collected by indirect calorimetry in 20 GBM patients. Calculated REE was derived from Harris-Benedict (again with weight adjusted for obesity), Mifflin-St Jeor, and the 20 kcal/kg body weight ratio method. Paired t-tests and Bland-Altman analyses were used to compare group means, evaluate the bias, and find the limits of agreement. Clinical accuracy was assessed by determining the percentage of patients with predicted REE within ±10% of mREE. Subjects were evenly distributed with regard to gender, primarily Caucasian, and largely overweight or obese and had a mean age of 57 years. All equations overestimated mREE. Mifflin-St Jeor and adjusted Harris-Benedict had the narrowest limits of agreement and accurately predicted 60% and 65% of subjects, respectively. Clinicians should be aware of the discrepancy between commonly used prediction equations and REE. More research is needed to verify these findings and decipher the cause and significance in the GBM population. 相似文献
20.
Spaska Georgieva-Zhostova Ognyan I. Kolev Katerina Stambolieva 《Quality of life research》2014,23(7):2103-2107