The American Physician in Occupational Medicine and Hygiene

The satisfactory quality of the practice of occupational medicine in industry is essential to the safety and health of employees. Measures of environmental control are not, in themselves, a satisfactory means of protecting workmen against many common hazards of industrial operations. Careful surveillance of workmen by trained, experienced, and competent occupational physicians is essential in the prevention of illness and disability induced by occupational operations, materials, and types of energy. The professional responsibilities of the occupational physician extend beyond the industrial facility into the general environment where the escaping production materials, by-products, and wastes may penetrate, and also into the larger community where its products may be distributed. The gross inadequacy in the number of trained physicians in the professional field must be met before this urgent problem of national health can be solved.     

民营企业职业卫生与卫生服务需求的调查研究

目的了解民营企业危害现状和职业卫生服务需求程度。方法对县级和乡镇28间民营企业职业卫生管理现状及职业卫生服务需求进行调查研究。结果粉尘作业企业和人数分布与物理因素作业基本平行，但粉尘危害程度大，后果严重。有76．47％的民营业主和57．46％的生产工人认为有必要进行工作场所有害物质监测及健康监护。部分民营企业生产技术和设备落后，防尘防毒意识较差，对本行业有害有毒物了解不深，认识不足。结论加强民营企业职业卫生监管和指导是当前职业卫生服务需求的迫切需要。