低氧暴露对运动诱导的血红蛋白低下大鼠红细胞参数和某些造血因子的影响

目的:探讨低氧暴露对运动性血红蛋白低下机体红细胞参数和某些造血因子的影响及其机制。方法:采用6周递增负荷跑台运动建立大鼠运动性血红蛋白低下模型,人工常压低氧环境下(14.5%O2)分别采用每天1h、2h和(1+1)h三种暴露方式进行恢复,3周后测定运动性血红蛋白低下大鼠血红蛋白含量(Hb)、红细胞数目(RBC)、红细胞压积(Hct)、肾脏促红细胞生成素(EPO)与血清白细胞介素-3(IL-3)含量,并与常氧恢复组比较。结果:1h、2h和(1+1)h低氧暴露恢复组大鼠的Hb、RBC、Hct水平均显著高于常氧恢复组(P<0.05,P<0.01),肾脏EPO水平显著高于常氧恢复组(P<0.05),而血清IL-3水平虽有增高趋势,但无显著意义(P>0.05)。三种低氧暴露方式大鼠各指标之间未见显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:低氧暴露能加速红细胞的生成,有助于运动性血红蛋白低下的恢复,其作用机理可能与低氧暴露提高机体某些红细胞造血生长因子水平有关。     

模拟失重对大鼠股骨骨髓微循环的影响（摘要）

目的研究尾部悬吊模拟失重后大鼠股骨骨髓微循环的变化及其作用。方法以尾部悬吊大鼠为模拟失重模型,采用形态学方法对大鼠股骨骨髓造血功能及微循环的变化进行检测。结果（1）尾部悬吊模拟失重大鼠红细胞压积、血红蛋白含量和红细胞计数等指标显著降低,网织红细胞计数没有发生明显变化;（2）股骨骨髓脂肪组织明显增多,     

滇丹参提取液对心肌缺血大鼠血液流变性的影响

目的：探讨云南产甘西鼠尾属药物滇丹参对大鼠血液流变性的影响.方法：结扎大鼠冠状动脉左前降支造成急性心肌梗塞模型,股静脉给药,1.5 h后颈动脉取血测定全血粘度、血浆粘度、红细胞压积、血浆纤维蛋白原含量等血液流变学指标.结果：滇丹参10 g/kg、4 g/kg、2 g/kg三种剂量均能显著降低高、中、低切变率下的全血粘度和血浆粘度（P＜0.01,P＜0.05）,能显著降低纤维蛋白原含量（P＜0.01）;10 g/kg时,能降低红细胞压积（P＜0.01,P＜0.05）.结论：滇丹参具有改善心肌缺血大鼠血液流变异常的作用.     

长期递增负荷跑台运动和营养补充对大鼠血清造血生长因子的影响

目的:从红细胞造血生长因子的角度探讨运动性贫血的发生机理。方法:以30只雄性Wistar大鼠为实验对象,进行为期11周的实验控制,通过对大鼠实施递增负荷跑台运动建立运动性贫血模型。大鼠随机分为3组:对照组(10只)、递增负荷跑台运动组(运动组,10只)、递增负荷跑台运动+营养补充组(运动+营养组,第5周结束时即大鼠运动性贫血模型成功建立后进行营养补充,10只),应用大鼠专用ELISA试剂盒测试三组大鼠血清造血生长因子白细胞介素3(IL-3)、粒细胞集落刺激因子(G-CSF)、粒-单核细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF)的含量。结果:运动组大鼠血清G-CSF水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05),运动+营养组与对照组相比无显著性差异(P>0.05),而GM-CSF、IL-3含量则无明显组间差异。结果提示,运动性贫血的发生可能与G-CSF的功能相关,而营养补充对大鼠血清三种造血生长因子影响不明显。     

孕妇体内血红蛋白和红细胞压积的变化

目的：探讨育龄妇女妊娠各期体内血红蛋白（Hb）和红细胞压积（HCT）的变化。方法：设立孕妇组和对照组,测定两组相应阶段的体内血红蛋白和红细胞压积,进行对比分析。结果：对照组每次测定血红蛋白和红细胞压积无明显变化;孕妇组随着孕期增加,测得体内血红蛋白和红细胞压积逐渐下降,尤其是妊娠中、晚期下降更为明显。结论：随着孕周增加,母体缺铁状态逐渐表现出来,实验室检测母体内血红蛋白和红细胞压积随着孕期增加而下降。     

基因重组人生长激素治疗生长激素缺乏伴贫血患儿的研究

目的观察基因重组人生长激素（rhGH）对生长激素缺乏症伴贫血患儿的治疗作用。方法44例生长激素缺乏伴贫血患儿分为治疗组和对照组，治疗组26例给予rhGH0．1U／（kg·d）晚睡前皮下注射1年，对照组18例未给予任何治疗。结果两组患儿治疗前在骨龄、年龄、身高、身高增长率、血红蛋白值、红细胞压积等方面无显著性差异。rhGH治疗1年后两组患儿在骨龄、年龄方面无显著性差异，但是在身高增长率、红细胞压积、血红蛋白值方面治疗组明显高于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论rhGH不仅能明显提高生长激素缺乏症伴贫血患儿的身高，还能改善贫血状态。     

老年人贫血

老年人贫血是较常见的一种临床表现。这与生理性老化引起的造血功能减退和继发于伴随的基础疾病有关。如果长期贫血而得不到纠正,不但有加速衰老的可能,而且可使基础疾病更加恶化,因此应予重视。一、发生率及原因所谓贫血,即指周围血中红细胞数和血红蛋白量或红细胞压积较正常值减少。周田血象的正常值因年龄、性别不同而各异。但老年人的正常值一般很确定。日本白仑卓夫提出的老年性贫血的诊断标准为:Hb<110g/L,RBC<3.5×10~(12)/L,红细胞压积<     

维持性血液透析患者红细胞生成素疗效影响因素分析

目的研究重组人红细胞生成素（rHuEpo）用于血液透析患者疗效的影响因素。方法60例慢性维持性血液透析患者应用rHuEpo治疗3-6月，观察血红蛋白、红细胞压积、生活质量等变化。结果通过对60例血透患者存在的影响因素进行分析（体内缺铁、营养不良、不规则用药、透析不充分等）并给予合理有效的用药指导，使该药发挥了最佳疗效，使血红蛋白、红细胞数、红细胞压积均显著升高，生活质量明显改善。结论使用rHuEpo有助于改善血液透析患者的贫血状况，但是在治疗过程中应该注意纠正各种因素的影响。     

挤入脐带血纠正新生儿失血性贫血的疗效观察

目的观察在分娩过程中当胎盘因素导致新生儿失血性贫血的可能时，将脐带血在断脐前挤向新生儿以纠正新生儿失血性贫血的临床效果。方法对存在胎盘因素导致新生儿失血性贫血的病例共计93例分为两组，对照组为2008-07～2010—12在本院分娩的新生儿45例（本组未将脐血挤向新生儿），研究组为2011—01～2013-07本院分娩的新生儿48例（本组将脐血挤向新生儿），对两组新生儿出生后第一天的血红蛋白及红细胞压积进行检测，并进行对比分析。结果将脐血挤向新生儿组的出生后第一天的血红蛋白及红细胞压积明显高于未将脐血挤向新生儿组出生后第一天的血红蛋白及红细胞压积。结论在预知新生儿可能因胎盘因素导致失血性贫血时，在娩出后立即将脐血挤向新生儿，对新生儿贫血的改善有很可观的效果。     

甲烷对雄性SD大鼠一次性力竭运动时间的影响及其生化机制

目的:观察甲烷生理盐水对SD大鼠一次性力竭运动时间、能量代谢和生理机能的影响。方法:30只雄性SD大鼠,按体重配对后随机分为安静对照组(C组)、运动安慰剂组(P组)与运动甲烷水组(M组),每组10只。M组和P组于运动前分别一次性腹腔注射甲烷生理盐水和生理盐水,然后进行一次性力竭跑台运动,C组不运动。力竭运动前后称取大鼠体重并记录力竭运动时间,大鼠力竭运动后内眦取血,检测血中尿素氮含量、肌酸激酶活力、血乳酸和血糖浓度以及全血中血细胞数量、血红蛋白浓度及红细胞和血小板压积。结果:(1)与P组比较,M组运动时间显著延长(P<0.05);(2)一次性力竭运动后,P组和M组体重均明显下降(P<0.05),但体重下降率的组间比较没有显著性差异;(3)与C组相比,P组白细胞计数显著升高(P<0.05),红细胞计数有升高的趋势,但不具有统计学意义;血小板计数显著性下降(P<0.05),红细胞压积、血红蛋白浓度和血小板压积有下降趋势,但均不具有统计学意义。与P组相比,M组白细胞计数、红细胞计数、红细胞压积以及血红蛋白浓度有升高的趋势,但均不具有统计学意义;血小板计数和血小板压积有降低的趋势,但均不具有统计学意义;(4)与C组相比,P组血乳酸浓度、血浆肌酸激酶活力和尿素氮浓度显著升高(P<0.01),血糖浓度显著降低(P<0.01);与P组相比,M组血乳酸浓度显著降低(P<0.01),血糖浓度有所降低(P=0.05),肌酸激酶与尿素氮有升高趋势,但均不具有统计学意义。结论:雄性SD大鼠注射甲烷生理盐水后可显著延长其力竭运动时间,降低力竭运动的血乳酸水平,在一定程度上提高了血糖利用率,能显著提高运动能力。     

两种方案治疗肾衰血液透析病人贫血疗效对比

目的对比促红细胞生成素(erythropoietin,EPO)常规疗法与其联用左卡尼汀和苯丙酸诺龙对慢性肾衰血液透析病人贫血的疗效。方法选择28例慢性肾衰血透病人,随机分为A,B两组,A组给予EPO和补充叶酸、铁剂、维生素B12等常规治疗,B组除上述治疗外,加用苯丙酸诺龙、左卡尼汀。观察用药12周后贫血改善情况。结果两组病人治疗后贫血均有改善。B组改善更为明显。结论促红细胞生成素联合苯丙酸诺龙和左卡尼汀治疗慢性肾衰血液透析病人贫血比促红素常规疗法更有效。     

Characterization of t1 relaxation and blood-myocardial contrast enhancement of NC100150 injection in cardiac MRI.

A new ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (Clariscan; NC100150 Injection) was studied in domestic farm pigs. The T1 effects were characterized for blood and myocardium and the blood-myocardial contrast was measured in T1-weighted cine images. The contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) were measured at baseline and contrast doses of 1 and 5 mg Fe/kg body weight (bw) at end diastole and late systole. The T1 values for blood and myocardium were reduced by 97 and 43%, respectively, from baseline to 5 mg Fe/kg bw. The CNR was significantly improved with contrast at end diastole and late systole. The maximum improvement shown was 202% at 5 mg Fe/kg bw in late systole. The percent SNR enhancement was significantly higher in blood than myocardium at late systole. NC100150 Injection is an effective T1 shortening agent and can be used to improve blood-myocardial contrast in cine images of the heart. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 1999;10:784-789.     

人参皂甙Rg3促进同系小鼠外周血干细胞移植后免疫恢复研究

目的研究人参皂甙Rg3对小鼠外周血干细胞移植（PBSCT）后免疫恢复的促进作用。方法首先建立PBSCT小鼠模型，然后将90只接受移植的小鼠随机分成6组，分别从移植后第15天起腹腔注射不同剂量Rg3、IL-2及生理盐水。淋巴细胞转化实验观察T淋巴细胞功能的恢复；抗体形成实验（溶血素分光光度法）观察B淋巴细胞功能的恢复；杀伤实验观察NK细胞的功能恢复；流式细胞计数观察T亚群、B和NK细胞的恢复。结果9mg／kg＋IL-2联合治疗组显现出了良好的协同免疫增强作用，对细胞及体液免疫恢复的促进作用明显好于其他实验组及盐水组。NK细胞的恢复，各实验组之间无明显差异，但都要好于盐水组。结论人参皂甙Rg3与IL-2联合应用可明显加快移植后小鼠的免疫恢复过程，具有显著的免疫增强作用。两者的联合治疗要明显好于IL-2或Rg3单药治疗效果。     

Rickets- and/or scurvy-like bone lesions in beta-thalassemia major

Recently, a new type of skeletal lesions has been described in Cooley's anemia as a possible complication secondary to therapy. In 12 children affected with thalassemia major, who received an intensive transfusional regimen combined with continuous iron chelation therapy (desferoxamine-B: 50-80 mg/kg/day), some radiological abnormalities of the long bones were observed similar to those described in rickets and scurvy. These rickets and/or scurvy-like lesions had never been reported before the introduction of high-dose desferoxamine therapy. The pathogenesis of these lesions is uncertain, but the toxic effect of desferoxamine probably plays an important role in their development. The association of growth retardation and rickets and/or scurvy-like skeletal lesions in Cooley's anemia patients may be used as a valuable clinical criterion in long-term chelation management.     

长期递增负荷跑台运动和营养补充对大鼠肝脏组织形态和EPO水平的影响

目的:观察长期递增负荷跑台运动和营养补充对大鼠肝脏组织形态、EPO水平的影响,为探讨运动性贫血发生的机理和防治方法提供依据.方法:雄性Wistar大鼠30只,随机均分为3组:对照组、运动组、运动 营养补充组.运动方式为11周递增负荷跑台训练,营养补剂为铁复合剂.应用组织学光镜、酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)观察3组大鼠肝脏组织形态、EPO水平.结果:运动组大鼠肝脏组织肝细胞结构模糊、多数肝细胞表现出浑浊肿胀或一定程度的水样变性,而运动 营养组肝脏形态基本正常.运动 营养组肝脏组织匀浆液EPO活性水平分别高于对照组、运动组.     

促红细胞生长素对充血性心衰患者心功能的影响

目的探讨充血性心衰(CHF)并贫血的患者,在EPO加铁剂治疗后,对心脏结构与功能及B型利钠肽水平的影响。方法32例连续CHF并贫血(80g/L<血红蛋白<120g/L)的患者纳入本研究。以随机方法分为治疗组(A组、16例),皮下注射EPO12000IU/周+每天口服铁剂共4个月。对照组(B组、16例),每天口服铁剂。结果A组患者在随机治疗的4个月中,相对于基础状态血红蛋白增加(P<0.001),左室内径缩小(P<0.001),射血分数增加(P<0.05),心功能分级(P<0.001)与6min步行试验(P<0.05)改善,同时血浆中B型利钠肽水平(P<0.01)下降。B组患者在试验期间射血分数(P<0.05)及6min步行距离(P<0.05)有所下降,其他指标无明显变化。结论CHF并贫血患者,EPO加口服铁剂治疗,能改善患者的心脏结构与功能,降低B型利钠肽水平。     

Clinical use of serum erythropoietin determination by the recombigen EPO RIA kit]

Serum erythropoietin (EPO) levels were determined by the recombigen EPO RIA kit (DPC) in normal subjects and patients with renal dysfunction, diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism and a variety of hematological disorders. Mean (+/- SD) serum EPO levels were 18.6 +/- 5.6 mU/ml in 180 normal subjects and no sex difference was obtained. Serum EPO levels in older subjects were slightly greater than those in younger subjects. There was a negative correlation between serum EPO levels and Ht values in anemic patients with normal renal function, whereas serum EPO levels were within the normal range in anemic patients with renal disorders, suggesting that serum EPO levels were relatively low in patients with chronic renal failure. Serum EPO levels were rather increased in patients with diabetes mellitus and hypothyroidism. High serum EPO levels were obtained in patients with a variety of hematological disorders such as acute leukemia, multiple myeloma, myelodysplasia syndrome, aplastic anemia and pure red cell aplasia. In a patient with pure red cell aplasia treated with glucocorticoids, serum EPO levels were lowered before anemia was recovered and reticulocytes were increased. These findings indicate that measurement of serum EPO levels are useful for not only differential diagnosis of anemia but also clinical evaluation of the treatment.     

重组人促红细胞生成素对腹部开放伤海水浸泡大鼠的影响

目的 探讨重组人促红细胞生成素(EPO)对腹部开放伤海水浸泡大鼠炎症反应的调节作用.方法 把实验用清洁级健康雄性Wistar大鼠随机分成4组:EPO预处理组、观察组、小剂量EPO救治组、大剂量EPO救治组,每组15只,制备腹部开放伤加人工海水浸泡致急性应激性炎症损伤动物模型,观察各组实验动物的肌酸激酶、肌酸激酶同工酶、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白介素6(IL-6)、炎症介质C3a、高敏C反应蛋白、血清免疫球蛋白IgA,比较这些指标在预处理组与观察组、大小剂量救治组之间的差异.结果 各组Wistar大鼠在腹部开放伤加海水浸泡3 h后均发生了急性炎症反应.EPO预处理组与观察组比较,肌酸激酶、肌酸激酶同工酶、TNF-α、IL-6、炎症介质C3α、高敏C反应蛋白、血清免疫球蛋白IgA等指标差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);而大、小剂量EPO救治组间各项指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 EPO具有减轻机体炎症反应、降低腹部开放伤海水浸泡大鼠炎症损伤的作用.     

In and ex vivo MR evaluation of acute myocardial ischemia in pigs by determining R1 in steady state after the administration of the intravascular contrast agent NC100150 injection

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To study the dose response in perfused and nonperfused myocardium by measuring relaxation rate (R1) in a steady-state situation after injection of the intravascular contrast agent NC100150 Injection in pigs and whether the dose response differs in vivo and ex vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The left anterior descending artery was occluded. R1 was measured using a Look-Locker sequence for 2 dose groups (2 mg Fe/kg bw, n = 4, and 5 mg Fe/kg bw, n = 5) and a control group (n = 3). RESULTS: A significant increase in R1 was found in perfused myocardium after contrast agent injection, in contrast to nonperfused myocardium. There was a significantly larger difference in R1 between perfused and nonperfused myocardium in the 5 mg Fe/kg bw dose group compared with the other 2 groups. The difference in R1 between perfused and nonperfused myocardium was significantly higher in vivo than ex vivo. CONCLUSION: A nearly linear R1 dose response was found in perfused myocardium in vivo. The dose response ex vivo was less steep possibly due to larger water exchange limitations.