差示紫外分光光度法测定氧氟沙星片剂的含量

目的　建立差示光谱法测定氧氟沙星片剂的含量 ,消除辅料的干扰。方法　在波长 2 98nm处 ,以氧氟沙星在 0 .1mol/L氢氧化钠溶液和 0 .1mol/L盐酸溶液中不同的紫外光谱 ,测得差示吸收值 (△A)为定量依据。结果　平均回收率为 10 1.2 % ,RSD =0 .5 2 %。结论　本方法简便 ,不受片剂辅剂的干扰     

左旋氧氟沙星片剂的临床疗效及安全性的多中心研究

为了评价左旋氧氟沙星片剂的临床疗效及其安全性 ,在 12 4例急性呼吸道和泌尿道感染病人中进行了一项前瞻性多中心的临床研究。结果显示 ,该药的临床痊愈率为 78.2 % ,有效率为 93.5 % ,体温恢复正常时间为 ( 2 .35± 1.30 )d ,平均治愈天数 ( 5 .2 0± 1.82 )d ,细菌清除率为 94.4% ,MIC5 0和MIC90分别为 0 .5 0mg/L和 2 .0 0mg/L。左旋氧氟沙星片剂不良反应的发生率为 5 .6 %。结论 :左旋氧氟沙星片剂是治疗呼吸道和泌尿道感染的安全、有效的药物。     

LC-MS/MS法测定人尿液中索法酮的浓度及其尿药排泄研究

目的:建立测定人尿液中索法酮浓度的LC-MS/MS方法,用于研究健康受试者口服索法酮后药物在体内的尿药排泄特征?方法:尿液经甲醇处理后,进行LC-MS/MS分析?色谱柱为Poroshell 120 SB-C18柱,柱温为30℃?流动相为甲醇∶2 mmol/L 醋酸铵(85∶15),流速为0.20 ml/min?负离子模式下使用电喷雾离子化和多反应离子监测?2名健康志愿者单次口服索法酮胶囊200 mg后,测定尿药浓度并研究尿药排泄特征?结果:索法酮的最低定量限为1 ng/ml,在1~500 ng/ml范围内线性关系良好,高中低3个浓度的批内?批间差均小于6%,基质效应在93.1%~114.8%范围内,提取回收率为84.7%~93.6%?尿液中索法酮的累积排泄率小于0.01%?结论:所建立的LC-MS/MS分析方法能快速?准确地测定尿液中索法酮的浓度?     

左旋氧氟沙星治疗下呼吸道感染40例

为探讨左旋氧氟沙星治疗急性下呼吸道感染的临床效果 ,笔者于 1 999年 1 0月至 2 0 0 1年 6月采用左旋氧氟沙星与氧氟沙星作临床对比观察 ,现将结果报道如下。1　资料与方法1 .1　对象 :经临床及 X线确诊为急性下呼吸道感染的 78例 ,随机分成左旋氧氟沙星组和氧氟沙星组 ,左旋氧氟沙星组 40例 ,男 2 1例 ,女 1 9例 ,年龄 1 7～ 79岁 (平均 46.5岁 ) ;氧氟沙星组 38例 ,男2 0例 ,女 1 8例 ,年龄 1 8～ 78岁 (平均 44.5岁 ) ,所有病例来诊前 72小时内未用过抗生素或 2 4小时内亦未再用其他抗生素。1 .2　方法 :左旋氧氟沙星组 :片剂 2 0 0 mg…     

抗生素氧氟沙星的紫外光谱测定

目的 :建立测定氧氟沙星片剂含量的新方法。方法 :用BrittonRobinson(BTR)缓冲溶液作溶剂 ,控制溶液的pH值为 2 ,在吸收波长 2 94nm处对氧氟沙星进行紫外光谱测定。结果 :氧氟沙星浓度在 (3.6 2～ 2 1.70 )mg/L范围内 ,符合比尔定律 ,测得其表观摩尔吸光系数为 3.72× 10 4 l/mol.cm。结论 :该法快速、简便、重现性好 ,结果准确可靠     

浅析用UF-100测尿液细菌对医院感染监测的意义

目的 :探讨用 UF- 10 0检测尿液细菌的阳性率及其在医院感染监测中的意义。方法 :分别从经 UF-10 0所测尿液细菌数 >4 0 0 0 / μl和 <4 0 0 0 / μl的标中各抽取 5 0例做细菌培养 ,并做菌落计数 ,求出其阳性率及假阴性率。结果 :其阳性率为 6 0 % ,假阴性率为 4 %。结论 :用 UF- 10 0测定尿液细菌可对临床病人尿道感染的检测起筛查作用 ,并对医院感染的监测有一定的影响意义。     

Clinitek-500尿液分析仪检测WBC与显微镜检测WBC的结果比较

目的 :了解泰利特尿液分析仪与显微镜测定 WBC的结果符合情况。方法 :96 0例门诊患者的尿液先用仪器与显微镜分别测定 WBC,然后将两者的结果进行比较 ,再结合文献进行讨论。结果 :96 0例患者中仪器测定阳性的有2 80例 ,占 2 9.2 % ,镜检阳性的有 191例 ,占 19.9% ,基本符合的有 779例 ,占 81.1% ,出现明显差异的有 181例 ,占 18.9% ,其中假阴性率为 8.5 % ,假阳性率为 10 .4 % ,P<0 .0 5。结论 :泰利特分析仪与显微镜测定 WBC有显著性差异。建议同行每一份标本都应进行镜检     

尿液IgG4在糖尿病肾病早期诊断中的意义

目的研究尿液IgG4在糖尿病肾病早期诊断中的临床意义。方法用双抗体夹心式免疫酶联法测定不同时期糖尿病患者的尿液IgG4含量。结果糖尿病微量白蛋白期尿液IgG4水平显著高于正常对照组和糖尿病正常白蛋白尿期 (P <0 .0 1和P <0 .0 5 ) ,而低于临床白蛋白尿期 (P <0 .0 1) ,尿液IgG4与尿白蛋白排泄率呈显著正相关 (P <0 .0 1)。糖尿病正常白蛋白尿期IgG4阳性率为 5 2 .7%。结论尿IgG4可作为糖尿病肾病的一个早期诊断指标     

泰利特500干化学法与尿沉渣工作站的应用分析

目的 :分析泰利特 5 0 0干化学法与 Diasys R/ S2 0 0 3尿沉渣工作站联合应用检测尿红、白细胞的应用价值。方法 :严格按要求收集 10 0 0份新鲜尿液标本同时用泰利特 5 0 0干化学法及尿沉渣工作站检测尿液红、白细胞。结果 :以R/ S工作站法为基础 ,评价干化学法 ,红细胞漏诊率为 37.8% ,误诊率为 2 1.6 % ,白细胞漏诊率为 34.9% ,误诊率为15 .4 %。评价干化学法联合指标 ,红细胞漏诊率为 2 1.2 %～ 2 4 .6 % ,误诊率为 35 .2 %～ 36 .9% ;白细胞漏诊率为 2 1.5 %～ 2 3.2 % ,误诊率为 35 .9%～ 36 .9%。结论 :干化学法检测尿红、白细胞有较高的漏诊率和误诊率 ,必须结合尿沉渣工作站检查。     

左氧氟沙星人体内外相关性研究

目的 研究两种左氧氟沙星片剂的体内-体外相关性.方法 用不同转速测定两种左氧氟沙星片剂(分别由A,B两厂生产)的体外溶出度.采用反相高效液相色谱法测定18名健康志愿受试者单剂量口服两种左氧氟沙星片后的血药浓度,用3P97软件计算药动学参数,Wagner-Nelson法计算药物的体内吸收百分数,并分析体内外相关性.结果 两厂生产的左氧氟沙星片剂在体内生物等效.以50,75,100r&#183;min-1进行左氧氟沙星片体外溶出结果均符合《中国药典》2005年版要求.其中,以50 r&#183;min-1转速所作的体外溶出结果与体内生物利用度相关,回归方程为A:fa=2.017 6ft+0.727 9,r=0.957(P＜0.05).B:fa=1.892 9 ft+0.774 9,r=0.955(P＜0.05).结论 体外溶出试验与体内生物利用度有良好的体内外相关性,可用体外溶出度来控制制剂质量.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.