外伤性截瘫病人家庭康复护理指导

通过对３５２例外伤性截瘫病人的护理，认为此类病人出院前应做了以下几方面的家庭康复护理准备；（１）加强心理护理，充分调动病人及家属的积极性，使其树立信心；（２）进行排尿机能和规律性排便训练；（３）指导功能锻炼；（４）制订家庭康复计划。     

外伤性截瘫病人家庭康复护理指导

外伤性截瘫是脊髓损伤所致的较为严重的一种残疾，治疗时间长，费用大，恢复慢，常给病人及家庭成员带来心理上及生活上的负担。我院由于地处贫困地区，大部分外伤性截瘫病人经手术恢复脊柱的稳定性及系统临床治疗一段时间后，常选择家庭康复治疗，因此，为了提高外伤性截瘫病人的生活质量，预防和减少因家庭护理不当导致脊髓功能的进一步损伤及并发症的发生，做好家庭康复护理的指导很有必要。     

外伤性截瘫病人早期康复及家庭护理指导

外伤性截瘫病人大部分为青壮年．常给本人及家庭人员造成心理上及生活上的负担。我们对近几年出院的15名病人进行随访发现：自杀1例．褥疮5例，泌尿系感染2例．就医不当造成骨折烫伤2例，并有4例悲观失望、心理．负担重。为了提高截瘫病人的生活质量．减轻社会及家庭负担．使他们重新成为对社会有用的人．做好早期康复及出院后的家庭护理指导是很重要的一环。现介绍几个方面的护理要求。1心理护理外伤性截瘫病人经过系统的临床治疗及手术恢复脊柱的稳定性后．身体各方面趋于平稳．对自己截瘫的现实从否认到逐渐承认．并对今后的生活开始考虑…     

外伤性截瘫病人的家庭护理及康复指导

外伤性截瘫是由于脊柱骨折所致脊髓损伤．而且易引起多种并发症，脊髓损伤患一旦在医院中度过急性期，病情平稳后而返回家中需要较长时同的静养恢复。目前我国家庭护理还未广泛开展的情况下，由于患家属职业的区别．大多数缺少医学护理方面的知识和技能．照料患往往带有盲目性和随意性。困此有必要将有关家庭厦康复指导，向患家属做以宣传，以减少井发症发生，使患尽快恢复生活自理能力。     

外伤性截瘫病人的家庭康复护理

外伤性截瘫病人大多数为青壮年，给病人及家庭造成心理和生活上的沉重负担。做好病人家庭康复护理，可提高截瘫病人的生活质量，减轻社会及家庭负担，使他们成为自食其力的人。     

外伤性截瘫患者家庭康复护理指导

外伤性截瘫是脊髓损伤所致的较为严重的一种残疾，患者大部分为青壮年，体力劳动者占多数。因治疗时间长，费用大，恢复慢，常给患者及家庭成员造成心理上和生活上的沉重负担。由于生活不便及经济负担重等多种原因，大部分外伤性截瘫患者经手术恢复脊柱的稳定性及系统临床治疗一段时间、生命体征平稳后，常选择家庭康复治疗办法。康复就是在治疗的基础上，强调预防挛缩，应用训练方法锻炼肌肉力量，刺激潜在能力以恢复或代偿已丧失的功能。     

外伤性截瘫的家庭康复治疗

目的：杰流外伤性截瘫的康复治疗经验。方法：介绍本院建立家庭康复小组指导外伤性截瘫患中后期康复治疗经验。结果：病人治疗疾病信心增强．截瘫指数均有下降,膀胱功能明显恢复．无尿路感染．26例Ⅰ°褥疮经皮驻康复疗法痊愈。结论：外伤性截瘫家庭康复经济、方便、有效、是其治疗的重要组成部分。     

外伤性截瘫病人的家庭护理

我院收治的外伤性截瘫病人大部分为青壮年，经过系统治疗恢复脊柱的稳定性后，身体一般情况也趋于平稳，转入家庭护理。因此，作好家庭康复护理是提高截瘫病人生存质量的关键，从而减轻社会及家庭的负担，使其成为对社会有用的人。     

外伤性截瘫的家庭康复治疗

目的：交流外伤性截瘫的康复治疗经验。方法： 介绍本院建立家庭康复小组指导外伤性截瘫患者中后期康复治疗经验。结果：病人治疗疾病信心增强,截瘫指数均有下降,膀胱功能明显恢复, 无尿路感染,２６ 例Ｉ°褥疮经皮肤康复疗法痊愈。结论：外伤性截瘫家庭康复经济、方便、有效、是其治疗的重要组成部分。     

关怀照护对创伤性截瘫患者康复的影响

目的探讨关怀照护对康复期创伤性截瘫患者的影响,以提高其住院生活质量和护理满意度。方法选择来院截瘫康复患者中因创伤致截瘫患者72例,其中2008年度康复患者30例为对照组,2009年42例康复患者为研究组。对照组住院期间接受常规疗养护理,研究组实施常规疗养护理基础上的关怀照护,并接受研究人员的督导,以确保关怀照护措施的强化和落实。对两组患者疗养3个月后照护行为的质量、护理工作满意度评定的结果进行比较。结果两组患者对护士关怀行为质量及护理工作满意度的评价比较,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论护士通过学习人文关怀概念,将人文关怀融入截瘫患者的康复护理工作中,有利于提高护士的关怀照护行为和患者对护理工作质量的满意度,对患者的康复有明显的促进作用,提高了患者的生活质量。     

康复团队在脑卒中早期患者家庭护理中的应用

目的在脑卒中患者的家庭康复期间,充分发挥医护人员团体的专业经验和医患协调作用,延续医院治疗效果和医疗服务,提高照顾者的护理知识和技能,调动患者自我康复的意识和潜能,加快康复速度,提高患者生活质量。方法通过跟踪24例脑卒中患者,把他们分成两组进行对照试验,对照组给予一般护理;干预组实施康复团队护理计划,为患者制定个性化的护理方案,通过患者、家属、医师、护士、物理治疗师等组成的康复团队共同执行。结果应用康复团队护理计划进行训练的患者在肌力测定、日常生活能力及社会行为功能评定等方面的恢复情况良好,较对照组取得了更好的康复效果。结论在家庭护理中实施康复团队护理计划,有利于为早期脑卒中患者的康复提供科学的、系统的、持续的训练方法,调动患者的自我护理意识和潜能,提高照顾者的护理能力,使患者的机体功能和身心健康都得到最大限度的恢复;相对于长期住院接受康复治疗而言,有助于减轻患者的家庭经济负担。     

糖尿病性水疱病患者的护理

通过对８例糖尿病性水疱病的护理，提出应重视患者的心理护理，防止皮肤及水疱的继发感染，正确处理水疱。     

Around-the-Clock Nursing Care for the Elderly in Japan

Purpose: To describe the first phase of creating a Japanese model of community-based long-term care, called around-the-clock care (ACQ, by operationally defining the components of ACC, identifying those eligible for the program, clarifying methods of planning and organization, and exploring outcomes.
Design: Exploratory evaluation for the population of frail elderly Japanese citizens living at home. A convenience sample of 44 patients receiving care from four visiting-nurse-service stations during 3 months in 1994 was used.
Methods: Needs assessments; record reviews of patient encounters; evaluations by patients, families, and visiting nurses; and reviews of administrative data.
Findings: Nurses perceived that ACC stabilized medical status, reduced the emotional and physical burden of treatment, and improved hygiene. It also reduced family caregiving burdens and the stress of family caregivers' employment responsibilities. The highest rating of ACC by patient and families was for those with the most complex physical needs. Skilled nursing at home permitted early identification and treatment of problems before they became crises or required hospitalization.
Conclusions: Early findings suggest 24-hour nurse-home helper teamwork may bean effective system of community-based long-term care and should be considered a key element of future Japanese health policy.     

急性心肌梗死患者2周康复护理的比较研究

选择６０ 例急性心肌梗死（ Ａ Ｍ Ｉ） 患者,排除合并严重并发症如心律失常、心力衰竭、休克及其它心外疾病,随机分为２ 组,１ 组为对照组,采用传统护理方式,一组为康复组,采用康复护理,根据入院第１４ 天的运动试验、平均步行距离、并发症、平均住院天数,分析康复护理的效果。结果表明：康复组患者第１４ 天的运动试验与对照组相比,总运动时间延长（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．０５） ,平均步行距离增加（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．００１） ,平均住院天数缩短（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．００１） ,并有效减少了护理并发症。     

慢性阻塞性肺病患者家庭氧疗的护理

本文总结了１０例慢性阻塞性肺病稳定期患者氧疗前后血气及临床症状的变化，提出了家庭氧疗适应症及氧疗过程中护理，通过典型病例分析，证明家庭氧疗能纠正低氧血症，减少患者住院次数。     

Patients' Status at Home Care Discharge

This study describes patients' status following home care nursing discharge, and explores the relationship of sociodemographic characteristics, medical conditions and nursing needs to patients' status at discharge. The sample consisted of 367 adult patients receiving nursing services from a certified home health agency. The majority (61 percent) of patients could manage independently or only with the help of family providers at home care nursing discharge. The rest (39 percent) required at least some help from community service providers, were institutionalized or had died. Patients' discharge status was more closely related to nursing needs such as nursing problems, functional status and coping ability than to medical conditions.     

Case Study: Home Nursing Care for a 62-Year-Old Woman with Multiple Health Problems

PURPOSE.  This case study illustrates the characteristics of, and challenges for, a woman in the United States with multiple health problems.
DATA SOURCES.  Data were obtained through the authors' experience and knowledge of community health nursing and from published literature.
DATA SYNTHESIS.  NANDA International, Nursing Interventions Classification, and Nursing Outcomes Classification were utilized to identify appropriate nursing diagnoses, interventions, and outcomes for the client.
CONCLUSION.  This case study illustrates and provides appropriate nursing diagnoses, interventions, and outcomes relevant to a woman with many health concerns. It provides guidance for nurses in community health settings when caring for patients with multiple health problems.
IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE.  Utilizing the standardized nursing languages of NANDA International, Nursing Interventions Classification, and Nursing Outcomes Classification can provide the necessary framework for enhancing and improving the management of care for patients with many health concerns in the community setting.     

Palliative Ultrasound for Home Care Hospice Patients

The evolving relationship between emergency and palliative medicine is expected to benefit patients of each. Two collaborative care encounters involving home hospice patients are discussed. Portable bedside ultrasound was performed in the home to diagnose ascites and to guide palliative paracentesis. Specific interventions and outcomes are reported. The interface of emergency and palliative care and the use of paracentesis in cancer palliation are briefly reviewed. It is concluded that home‐performed ultrasound and ultrasound‐guided procedures are promising palliative modalities for care at the end of life. ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE 2010; 17:293–296 © 2010 by the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine