替米沙坦分散片生物等效性研究

目的建立测定替米沙坦血浆浓度的高效液相-荧光检测法，考察替米沙坦在国人中的药代动力学及生物等效性。方法18名健康受试者单剂量交叉口80mg替米沙坦供试制剂或参比制剂后，用高效液相色谱法（high erformance iquid hromatography，HPLC）测定替米沙坦血药浓度并计算药动学及相对生物利用度，对主要药动学参数进行统计学分析。色谱柱为Diamonsil C18柱（5 μm，4．6mm×150mm），以乙腈一磷酸二氢钾缓冲液（77：23，磷酸调pH=3．10）为流动相，流速1．0mL／min，荧光检测波长λEx=305nm，λEm=365nm。结果替米沙坦的线性范围为2～512μg／L，r=0．9999，高、中、低浓度的提取回收率分别为：84．33％、8l.56％、87.22％。供试制剂与参比制剂的AUC0～96分别为（3439．58±1393．38）μg·h／L和（3419．85±993．25）μg·h／L。结论两种替米沙坦制剂具有生物等效性。     

HPLC-MS法测定人血浆中替米沙坦及药代动力学研究

目的:建立人血浆中替米沙坦浓度的HPLC-MS分析方法,用以测定健康受试者口服替米沙坦制剂后的血药浓度,估算受试制剂和参比制剂的药代动力学参数,评价两种制剂的生物等效性和相对生物利用度.方法:血浆中加入内标地西泮后,乙酸乙酯提取,HPLC-MS分离、分析.色谱系统:Shimadzu ODS柱(150 mm×4.6 mm),流动相:甲醇-0.01 mol/L醋酸铵溶液(70∶30,v/v),流速1.0 ml/min,柱温30 ℃.质谱检测方式:SIM.结果:替米沙坦的线性范围为0.5～400 ng/ml(r=0.9998),最低检测浓度达0.1 ng/ml,提取回收率大于80%.受试制剂及参比制剂的生物半衰期分别为(19.7±3.0) h和(20.2±3.6) h,达峰时间分别为(1.4±0.4) h和(1.6±0.6) h,峰浓度分别为(173.9±30.4) ng/ml和(178.2±35.5) ng/ml.受试制剂的相对生物利用度为(101.2±13.0)%.结论:本法适用于替米沙坦的含量测定,统计学结果表明两种制剂具有生物等效性.     

Cap-HPLC测定人血浆中厄贝沙坦和氢氯噻嗪浓度及其复方制剂的生物等效性研究

目的:建立人血浆中厄贝沙坦和氢氯噻嗪的毛细管高效液相色谱(Cap-HPLC)定量分析方法,测定受试制剂与参比制剂的血药浓度,并计算药动学参数,考察其生物等效性.方法:血浆样品中加入内标物,经液液萃取、浓集后进行Cap-HPLC分析.色谱柱为Zorbax SB C18(150 mm× 0.5 mm,5μm)毛细管柱,厄贝沙坦的流动相为乙腈-0.2%冰醋酸水溶液(40:60,v/v),流速为12 μL/min,检测波长为252 nm;氢氯噻嗪的流动相为乙腈-10 mmol/L醋酸铵溶液(6.5:93.5,v/v),流速为10μL/min,检测波长为272 nm.20名受试者交叉口服单剂量受试制剂与参比制剂.采用非房室模型法计算药动学参数.结果:血浆样品中厄贝沙坦线性范围为0.1～10.0μg/mL,氢氯噻嗪线性范围为5～500 ng/mL,两者提取回收率均大于80%,日内、日间精密度和冻融稳定性RSD均小于15%.厄贝沙坦和氢氯噻嗪的相对生物利用度分别为(99.9±8.2)%和(104.1±11.1)%.受试制剂与参比制剂的cmax、AUCo-24、AUCo-∞和tmax经统计学检验均无显著性差异(P＞0.05).结论:本方法灵敏度好,准确性高.受试制剂与参比制剂生物等效.     

替米沙坦血药浓度高效液相—荧光检测方法的研究

目的建立测定血浆中替米沙坦浓度的高效液相—荧光色谱分析方法。方法血浆样品以乙醚为提取溶剂处理,分析柱为KromsailKR100-5C18色谱柱（5μm,150 mm×4.6 mm）。流动相为0.01 mol/L KH2PO4水溶液（pH3.5）：乙腈=54：46（V/V）,激发波长Ex=305nm,发射波长Em=365 nm,流速1.0 ml/min,柱温为室温,进样量20μl。结果替米沙坦在5.0～500 ng/ml范围内线性良好（r=0.999 8）,最低检测浓度为2.5 ng/ml（S/N〉3）。该方法的相对回收率为（100.7±4.2）%（n=5）,绝对回收率为（88.4±3.9）%（n=5）,日内RSD为（3.1±1.0）%（n=5）,日间RSD为（4.0±1.5）%（n=5）。结论本方法准确、灵敏、特异性强、重显性好,适用于血浆中替米沙坦浓度测定和体内药代动力学研究。     

高效液相色谱法测定参杞降糖口服液中人参皂苷Re和Rg1的含量

目的:建立测定参杞降糖口服液中人参皂苷Re、Rg1含量的分析方法.方法:高效液相色谱法(HPLC),VP-ODS色谱柱,流动相为乙腈-0.05%磷酸溶液(21∶79),检测波长为203 nm.结果:人参皂苷Re在0.5～5.0 μg范围内呈良好线性(r=0.999 9,n=5),回收率为(97.05±2.00)%;人参皂苷Rg1在0.04～0.25 μg范围内呈良好线性(r=0.999 9,n=5),回收率为(96.70±1.70)%.结论:HPLC方法简便、准确,精密度高、重现性好,适用于含人参皂苷Re、Rg1成分产品含量的测定.     

HPLC和双波长分光光度法测定复方双氢青蒿素片中甲氧苄啶含量的比较

[目的]比较高效液相色谱法（HPLC）和双波长分光光度法对复方双氢青蒿素片中甲氧苄啶含量测定的作用。[方法]HPLC采用C18柱,以乙腈-0.75%二乙胺（15：85,用磷酸调pH至2.5)为流动相,检测波长为271nm;双波长分光光度法测定波长为271nm,参比波长为366nm。[结果]HPLC在20-100μg/mL范围内线性良好,r=0.9994(n=5),平均回收率为100.9%,RSD为0.24%;双波长分光光度法在5-25μg/mL范围内线性良好,r=0.99994(n=5),平均回收率为100.9%,RSD为0.24%;双波长分光光度法在5-25μg/mL范围内线性良好,r=0.99994(n=5),平均回收率为100.9%,RSD为0.24%,双波长分光光度法在5-25μg/mL范围内线性良好,r=0.99995(n=5),平均回收率为100.0%,RSD为0.45%。[结论]双波长分光光度法和HPLC均可测定复方双氢青蒿素片中甲氧苄啶的含量,该法操作简便,快捷、准确。     

替米沙坦片和胶囊的人体相对生物利用度和生物等效性研究

目的 研究替米沙坦片及胶囊的人体相对生物利用度和生物等效性.方法 18名男性健康志愿者随机分别服用单剂量替米沙坦试验片剂、试验胶囊和参比制剂80 mg,采用高效液相色谱荧光法(HPLC)测定.用DAS 1.0程序计算药代动力学参数和相对生物利用度,并进行等效性评价.结果 单剂量口服80 mg的替米沙坦参比制剂和试验药片剂与胶囊的药代动力学参数:AUC(O→t)分别为(3 310.2±1 969.5)、(3 454.7±2 311.2)和(3 215.0±1925.8)(μg·h)/L,AUC(O→t)分别为(3 642.3±2 156.1)、(3 704.7±2 425.5)和(3 587.0±2 123.1)(μg·h)/L;Cmax分别为(888.5±586.0)、(746.1±497.1)和(814.9±598.4)μg/L;Tmax,分别为(1.0±0.7)、(1.2±0.6)、(1.2±0.6)h.试验药片剂与胶囊分别以AUC(O→t)与AUG(O→∞)计算其相对生物利用度分别为(105.77±18.21)%、(100.97±37.61)%和(105.63±29.14)%、(103.10±40.65)%.结论 两种受试制剂与参比制剂具有生物等效性.     

HPLC法测定人血浆中替米沙坦的浓度

目的建立高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定人血浆中替米沙坦的血药浓度。方法采用高效液相色谱-荧光检测法,色谱为shima-pak(C18,150 mm×4.65 mm,5μm),流动相为乙睛-磷酸盐缓冲液(45∶55,pH5.8),流速为1.0 mL/min,激发波长和发射波长分别为305 nm和365nm,进样量10μL,内标物为ɑ-萘酚,采用乙睛沉淀除蛋白的方法。结果替米沙坦在0.625~110μg/L范围内线性良好(r=0.9996),此方法精密度试验结果较好。结论HPLC法便捷,准确,灵敏,适于替米沙坦血药浓度测定和药动学研究。     

HPLC测定妇乐颗粒中川楝素含量

目的:建立测定妇乐颗粒中川楝素含量的HPLC方法。方法:色谱柱为Agilent zorbax SB-C18柱(4.6mm×150mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-水(30:70),流速为1.0mL·min-1,检测波长为210nm。结果:川楝素在0.5～5μg·mL-1范围内呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9999),平均回收率为99.31%,RSD为0.73%(n=9)。结论:该方法快速、简便、准确,可用于本制剂的质量控制。     

HPLC法测定穿黄清热片中穿心莲内酯和脱水穿心莲内酯的含量

目的:建立测定穿黄清热片中穿心莲内酯和脱水穿心莲内酯含量的方法.方法:采用HPLC法, 55%甲醇溶液超声提取有效成分,中性氧化铝柱吸附去除杂质,色谱柱为Kromasil C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm),流动相为甲醇∶0.4%冰醋酸水(49:51),流速1.0 mL/min,检测波长为225 nm及254 nm.结果:穿心莲内酯在0.156～1.251 μg进样范围内,线性关系良好,r=0.999 8(n=5),精密度RSD 1.13%(n=10),加样回收率为96.3%,RSD 0.36%(n=5);脱水穿心莲内酯在0.241～1.928 μg进样范围内,线性关系良好,r=0.999 8(n=5),精密度RSD 1.07%(n=10),加样回收率为98.5%,RSD 0.47%(n=5).结论:本方法准确、灵敏、重现性好,可作为穿黄清热片中穿心莲内酯和脱水穿心莲内酯的定量分析方法.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.