多巴胺受体D1基因—48A／G多态性与原发性高血压病的关联研究

目的探讨多巴胺受体D1基因 4 8A/G多态性与原发性高血压病相关性。方法运用聚合酶链反应一限制性片段长度多态性法 (PCR RFLP)分析了解 - 4 8A/G基因型在原发性高血压病组和正常血压对照组的分布情况。结果等位基因A ,G在原发性高血压病组和对照组的分布频率分别为 0 78,0 2 2和 0 86 ,0 14 ,基因频率分布符合Hardy Weinberg平衡 ,样本具有群体代表性 ,两组人群的基因型和等位基因频率存在明显统计学差异 (P <0 0 1,P <0 0 1)。原发性高血压组中G等位基因 ,舒张压明显高于A等位基因 (P <0 0 5 )。结论在中国人群中 ,多巴胺受体D1基因 4 8A/G多态性与原发性高血压病显著性相关     

多巴胺受体D1基因-48A/G多态性与原发性高血压病的关联研究

目的探讨多巴胺受体D1基因-48A/G多态性与原发性高血压病相关性.方法运用聚合酶链反应一限制性片段长度多态性法(PCR-RFLP)分析了解-48A/G基因型在原发性高血压病组和正常血压对照组的分布情况.结果等位基因A,G在原发性高血压病组和对照组的分布频率分别为0.78,0.22和0.86,0.14,基因频率分布符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡,样本具有群体代表性,两组人群的基因型和等位基因频率存在明显统计学差异(P<0.01,P<0.01).原发性高血压组中G等位基因,舒张压明显高于A等位基因(P<0.05).结论在中国人群中,多巴胺受体D1基因-48A/G多态性与原发性高血压病显著性相关.     

醛固酮合成酶基因多态性与高血压及左室肥厚的关系

目的：本研究旨在观察血管紧张素转换酶（ACE）基因I／D多态性和醛固酮合成酶（CYP11B2）基因－344C／T多态性与高血压（EH）及左室肥厚（LVH）的相关性。方法：将136例原发性高血压病患者分为LVH组72例,无LVH组64例;应用多聚酶链式反应（PCR）、限制性内切酶方法检测ACE和CYP11B2基因的多态性。结果：（1）无LVH组LVH组ACE基因I／D多态性基因型和等位基因分布差异均有显著性（P＜0．05）,LVH组Ⅱ基因型和Ⅰ等位基因频率显著高于无LVH组。（2）无LVH组与LVH组CYP11B2基因－344C／T多态性基因型和等位基因分布差异均有显著性（P＜0．05）,LVH组CT基因型和C等位基因频率显著高无LVH组。（3）LVH组中的CT＋Ⅱ联合基因型频率高于无LVH组（P＜0．05）。结论：（1）ACE型I／D和CYP11B2基因－344C／T多态性与高血压发生无相关性。（2）ACE基因Ⅱ多态性与LVH相关。(3）CYP11B2基因－344CT基因型与LVH相关。（4）CYP11B2基因－344CT基因型和ACE基因Ⅱ基因型共存对LVH的发病具有协同作用。     

血管紧张素转换酶2基因多态性与原发性高血压合并脑卒中的关系

目的研究血管紧张素转换酶2（ACE2）基因G9570A多态性与我国南方汉族人原发性高血压合并脑卒中的关系。方法采用聚合酶链反应和限制性片段长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）的方法，检测156例原发性高血压患者，158例原发性高血压合并脑卒中患者及169例健康人群的ACE2基因，并进行组间对照研究，推测ACE2基因G9570A多态性与原发性高血压合并脑卒中发病的相关性。结果男性和女性原发性高血压组G等位基因频率分别为69．8％、57．1％，高于对照组的55．0％、44．2％，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；两组ACE2基因型分布不同，原发性高血压组GG基因型的频率为32．8％，高于对照组的15．9％，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。男性和女性原发性高血压合并脑卒中组A等位基因频率分别为57．3％、62．3％，高于原发性高血压组的30．2％、42．9％，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；两组ACE2基因型分布不同，原发性高血压合并脑卒中组AA基因型的频率为37．7％，高于原发性高血压组的18．6％，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论ACE2基因G9570A多态性与我国南方汉族人原发性高血压合并脑卒中可能具有一定相关性。携带A／AA基因的人群发生原发性高血压合并脑卒中的危险性相对较大。     

β2—肾上腺素能受体基因5’—调控区两个单核苷酸多态位点与老年人高血压的

目的 研究β2－肾上腺素能受体（β2-adrenoceptor,β2-AR)基因5’－调控区单核苷酸多态性（single nucleotide polymorphisms,SNPs)与老年人原发性高血压（essential hypertension,EH)的关系。方法 应用荧光标记自动测序法测定β2-AR基因5’－调控区序列,确定单核苷酸多态位点及类型;通过聚合酶链反应－限制性片段长度多态性（PCR－RFLP）法对来自安徽省大别山地区的健康和EH汉族老年人群进行SNPs基因分开。结果 5’－调控区1．3kb范围内共检出2个SNPS,均为G→A碱基转换,分别位于编码区起始位点上游1023碱基（－1023bp)和654碱基（－654bp)。SNPs的基因型频率在健康老年人群分布符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡。－1023位和－654位SNPs各基因型和等位基因频率在EH组和对照组的分布差异无显著性（P＞0．05）,重度EH组－1023位SNPs的AA基因型频率为26．67％,对照组为6．98％,两组相比差异有显著性（P＜0．05）,A等位基因频率（50．00％）也显著高于对照组（27．91％,P＜0．05）。结论 β2－AR基因－1023位SNPs可能与老年人EH相关,提示β2－AR基因可能是老年人EH的易感基因。     

β1肾上腺素能受体Ser49Gly多态性与原发性高血压的关系

目的探讨汉族人群β1肾上腺素能受体多态性与原发性高血压的关系。方法采用聚合酶链反应-限制酶片段长度多态性（PCR-SLFP）技术分析高血压病患者和正常对照组β1肾上腺素能受体（β1-AR）Ser49Gly多态性。结果高血压组Set49等位基因频率为86．6％，Gly49等位基因频率为13．4％，对照组分别为89．7％和10．3％，两组等位基因频率分布比较无统计学差异（P〉0．05）；高血压组Ser／Ser基因型占64．3％，Ser／Gly基因型占26．7％，Gly／Gly基因型占0％，对照组分别为80．1％、19．2％和0．6％，两组基因型频率分布比较无统计学差异（P〉0．05）。结论β1-AR Ser49Gly多态性可能与本研究群体的高血压病无关。     

内皮素受体B基因多态性与慢性阻塞性肺疾病及吸烟因素的相关性研究

目的探讨内皮素受体B（EDNRB）基因的第4外显子-30G／A处单核苷酸多态性与慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）易感性及吸烟因素之间关系。方法采用PCR—RFLP技术,检测并分析EDNRB基因一30G／A（L277L）单核苷酸多态性位点在COPD组和健康对照组中的基因型频率、等位基因频率,同时分析该多态性位点与吸烟相关COPD之间是否存在相关性。结果研究发现EDNRB基因一30G／A处基因型频率分布在COPD组和对照组之间差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,但等位基因频率的分布在两组之间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。在对COPD组和对照组中吸烟者的基因型分布频率和等位基因分布频率比较后,发现两组之间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,提示该突变位点与吸烟所致的COPD之间可能无相关性存在。结论EDNRB一30G／A位点多态性可能与COPD易感性相关,与吸烟相关的COPD无关。     

多巴胺D1受体基因-48A/G多态性与妊娠高血压疾病的相关性研究

目的 探讨多巴胺D1受体（DRD1）基因-48A／G多态性与妊娠高血压疾病（HDCP）的关联性。方法 运用限制性片段长度多态性-聚合酶链反应分析DRD。基因基因型AA、AG和GG在正常和HDCP孕妇组的分布。结果 等位基因A、G在正常孕妇组和HDCP患者的分布频率分别为90．9％、9．1％和72．6％、27．4％，两组基因型频率和等位基因频率差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论 在中国汉族人群中，DRD1基因多态性与HDCP相关，但其基因型分布与病情严重程度无相关性。     

老年高血压病合并冠心病、脑梗塞患者AT1R基因多态性的研究

目的 探讨血管紧张素Ⅱ-Ⅰ型受体（AT1R）基因A1166／C多态性与老年原发性高血压病的关系，并探讨原发性高血压病的发病机制。方法 应用聚合酶链式反应、限制性内切酶酶解（PCR－RFLP）的方法检测40例健康人和92例原发性高血压病患者（其中31例合并冠心病，37例合并脑梗塞患者）的AT1R基因型；生化技术测定血脂水平。结果 原发性高血压病组、合并冠心病组及合并脑梗塞组的C等位基因频率14．6％、14．5％和10．8％，分别显著高于正常对照组的3．7％（P＜0．05）；带有C等位基因的原发性高血压病患者无论是否合并冠心病、脑梗塞，其血浆LP（a)水平均增高。结论 提示AT1R基因可能是老年原发性高血压病的重要遗传因素，AT1R基因可能参与脂质的调节。     

抵抗素基因+299G/A多态性与T2DM并高血压病的相关性

目的研究抵抗素基因＋299G／A多态性与中国北方地区汉族人群2型糖尿病（T2DM）并高血压病的关系。方法采用聚合酶链式反应-限制性片段长度多态性技术检测北方地区汉族人群261例T2DM患者的抵抗素基因内含子2区299G／A突变。结果T2DM组GG、GA、AA基因型及G／A等位基因频率与非T2DM组比较有显著统计学差异（P〈0．01）；T2DM组GG基因型携带者空腹血糖明显高于AA基因型携带者（P〈0．05）。多元线性逐步回归分析显示，抵抗素基因＋299G／A与收缩压、舒张压无明显相关性。结论抵抗素基因＋299G／A多态性与T2DM有关．与高血压病元明显相关性。     

An affected pedigree member analysis of linkage between the dopamine D2 receptor gene TaqI polymorphism and obesity and hypertension

BACKGROUND: Dopamine modulates a variety of physiological functions including natriuresis and satiety. We have previously reported that the TaqI polymorphism of the dopamine D2 receptor (DD2R) gene is associated with both blood pressure and obesity indices in a normoglycaemic Hong Kong Chinese population. In this study, we present evidence confirming the linkage between this gene polymorphism, obesity and hypertension. METHODS: Two hundred and seventy-four siblings from 96 normoglycaemic hypertensive families were recruited, including 133 who were hypertensive. Central obesity was defined as a waist-to-hip ratio of > or = 0.9 and > or = 0.85 in males and females, respectively, and was identified in 99 of the siblings. The DD2R gene TaqI polymorphism was identified with a polymerase chain reaction based restriction fragment length polymorphism protocol. The affected pedigree member (APM) linkage analysis (sib-pair program, version 0.99.9, by D.L. Duffy) was used to assess for linkage between this gene polymorphism, obesity and hypertension in 73 families with siblings discordant for hypertension. RESULTS: The A1 allele frequencies were similar in the 133 hypertensive, and 141 normotensive siblings, including the 99 centrally obese siblings at 0.431, 0.421 and 0.418, respectively. APM linkage analysis suggested that the DD2R gene TaqI polymorphism had evidence of linkage with blood pressure (T = -1.86, P = 0.013), as well as with obesity (T = -1.58, P = 0.007). CONCLUSION: Our data in normoglycaemic Hong Kong Chinese supports that the DD2R gene TaqI polymorphism is a marker associated with the pathogenesis of obesity and hypertension.     

缓激肽β2受体基因启动子区点突变与高血压病的关系

目的 探讨缓激肽β2受体启动子基因－58T／C多态性与中国汉族人群的高血压病相关性。方法 运用多酶链式反应、启动子区单链构象多态性和基因克隆、测序等方法了解106例高血压病患和性别、年龄相匹配的98名健康人中－58T／C基因分布情况。结果 等位基因C、T在高血压病患和健康人的分布频率分别为0．58、0．42和0．46、0．54,基因分布频率符合Hardy-Weinberg平均。两组人群的基因型和等位基因分布频率存在明显统计学差异（P＝0．032、P＝0．018）。结论 人类缓激肽β2受体启动子基因－58T／C突变可能是中国汉族人群发生高血压病的独立危险因素。     

Relationships between the taqI polymorphism of the dopamine D2 receptor and blood pressure in hyperglycaemic and normoglycaemic Chinese subjects

BACKGROUND: We have previously reported an association of the A2 allele of the dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) TaqI polymorphism with increased blood pressure in normoglycaemic Chinese subjects, but conversely possibly with decreased indices of obesity. Hypertension is also a common feature of patients with type 2 diabetes, with up to 50% being hypertensive. OBJECTIVE: To compare the relationship between the DRD2 TaqI polymorphism, blood pressure and obesity in Chinese patients with and without fasting hyperglycaemia. METHOD: The DRD2 TaqI polymorphism was determined by PCR-RFLP in 519 normoglycaemic and 471 hyperglycaemic Chinese subjects, of whom 53.2 and 48.8% were hypertensive, respectively. RESULTS: In the normoglycaemic subjects there was a significant increase in mean arterial pressure (P= 0.041) with increasing proportions of the A2 allele, 95 +/- 16, 96 +/- 17 and 100 +/- 17 mmHg for the A1A1, A1A2 and A2A2 genotypes, respectively. However, the relationship was not observed in the subjects with fasting hyperglycaemia either in the total group or in the subgroup who were not receiving blood pressure-lowering medication (n = 383, 97 +/- 15, 98 +/- 14 and 97 +/- 15 mmHg, respectively). When the whole group was divided into those subjects obese by either body mass index or waist-to-hip ratio (n = 484) and those subjects not obese by both these criteria (n= 506), the A1 allele (49.2 vs. 43.8%, P = 0.02) and A1 allele containing genotypes (P = 0.03) were more frequent in the obese subjects. Similar relationships were seen in the normoglycaemic and hyperglycaemic groups separately, although these did not reach significance. CONCLUSIONS: In the normoglycaemic subjects, the A2 allele was associated with increased blood pressure and possibly lower indices of obesity, but in the hyperglycaemic subjects only the possible association with obesity was noted.     

Genetic variation in the promoter region of the beta2 bradykinin receptor gene is associated with essential hypertension in a Chinese Han population.

The present study examined whether a genetic variant (-58T/C) in the promoter region of the human beta2 bradykinin receptor gene was genetically involved in essential hypertension. Chinese hypertensive subjects (n = 120) and normotensive controls (n = 98; sex- and age-matched with hypertensives) were recruited from the outpatients of Fu Wai hospital. Distribution of the -58T/C polymorphism was determined in patients and controls by means of PCR, SSCP, cloning and sequencing. The allelic frequencies were 0.56 for the C allele and 0.44 for the T allele in hypertensive subjects, and 0.46 for the C allele and 0.54 for the T allele in normotensive subjects. The allelic frequencies were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Significant differences between hypertensive and normotensive subjects were seen in the genotypes distribution (p = 0.045) and allelic frequencies (p = 0.033). These results suggested that -58C allele of the human beta2 bradykinin receptor gene may be an independent risk factor for essential hypertension in the Chinese Han population.     

Promoter polymorphism of the beta2 bradykinin receptor gene is associated with essential hypertension.

The present study examined the genetic contribution of the human beta2 bradykinin receptor gene in Japanese subjects with essential hypertension, and identified a -58T/C polymorphism of the core promoter that might be responsible for essential hypertension in Japanese. The study consisted of 100 hypertensive subjects and 100 age- and sex-matched controls. The allelic frequencies were 0.575 for the C allele and 0.425 for the T allele in hypertensive subjects, and 0.465 for the C allele and 0.535 for the T allele in normotensive subjects. The allelic frequencies were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Significant differences between hypertensive and normotensive subjects were seen in the genotypes distribution (p=0.049) and allelic frequencies (p=0.028), and the beta2 bradykinin receptor gene variant was associated with human essential hypertension in this Japanese population. This new marker may provide a valuable tool for assessing the risk for putative bradykinin-associated common diseases, such as hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases with genetic determinism. These results suggest that the -58 polymorphism of the human beta2 bradykinin receptor gene is an independent risk factor for essential hypertension in the Japanese population.     

内皮素-1基因Lys198Asn及TaqI多态性与原发性高血压关系的研究

目的探讨内皮素-1外显子5Lys198Asn多态性及内含子4TaqI基因多态性与原发性高血压的关系。方法对264例确诊为原发性高血压的患者及103例对照者抽取静脉血，以多聚酶链反应-限制性内切酶片段长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）分析ET-1基因中的外显子5Lys198Asn多态性及内含子4TaqI基因多态性。结果（1）高血压组与对照组ET-1的基因型和等位基因频率分布无明显差异（2）高血压组的吸烟人群中，ET-1外显子SLys198Asn位点的GT基因型人数比不吸烟组高，存在显著性差异。结论（1）内皮素-1外显子5Lys198Asn多态性及内含子4TaqI基因多态性与高血压的发病无显著相关；（2）ET-1外显子5Lys198Asn位点的T基因携带者可能对吸烟有较高反应性，增加高血压的患病率。     

基质金属蛋白酶-9基因多态性与原发性高血压发病的相关性

目的基质金属蛋白酶（MMP）-9是一种基质降解酶,可能参与了血管的重构。本研究旨在探讨MMP-9基因C-1562T多态性与高血压及性别的相关性。方法采用聚合酶链反应结合限制性内切酶片段长度多态性分析,分别检测北京宣武医院门诊807例原发性高血压患者和同一地区509例正常对照的MMP-9基因C-1562T多态性。电泳判断基因型并测序。结果高血压组TT＋CT基因型频率和T等位基因频率显著高于正常对照组（28．7％vs22．6％,15．4%vs12．7％;P〈0．05）。女性中高血压组的TT＋CT基因型频率和T等位基因频率显著高于正常对照组（31．0％vs22．0％,16．6％vs12．1％;P〈0．05）,T等位基因对高血压的OR值为1．442（CI：1．057～1．968）。男性中两组基因型无显著差别。老年女性高血压组的TT＋CT基因型频率和T等位基因频率显著高于老年男性高血压组、老年女性正常对照组和非老年女性高血压组。结论MMP9基因-1562T等位基因可能是老年女性原发性高血压的危险因素。     

醛固酮合酶基因多态性与原发性高血压关系的研究

目的 :探讨醛固酮合酶CYP11B2基因 -344C/T多态性与原发性高血压的相关性。方法 :运用多聚酶链反应—限制性片段长度多态性分析 (PCR RFLP)了解醛固酮合酶CYP11B2基因 -344C/T基因型在原发性高血压患者 (n =10 8,原发性高血压组 )和正常血压患者 (n =14 6 ,对照组 )的分布情况。结果 :等位基因C、T在原发性高血压组和对照组的分布频率分别为 0 2 8,0 72和 0 36 ,0 6 4,基因频率分布符合Hardy Weinberg平衡 ,样本具有群体代表性 ,两组人群的基因型和等位基因频率无明显差异 (P >0 0 5 )。结论 :在中国人群中 ,醛固酮合酶CYP11B2基因 -344C/T多态性与原发性高血压无显著性相关     

原发性高血压患者血管紧张素转化酶和血管紧张素受体基因多态性的研究

目的　探讨血管紧张素转化酶 ( ACE)及血管紧张素 - 1型受体 ( AT1 R)基因多态性与原发性高血压 ( EHT)的关系。方法　应用聚合酶链反应及 PCR加酶解方法检测 1 50例健康人 ( NT)及 1 52例 EHT患者 ACE I/ D基因多态性的 ACE及 AT1 R A1 1 6 6 C突变。结果　 EHT组ACE I/ D基因多态性等位基因频率 I为 0 .50 ,D为 0 .50 ,D等位基因频率及基因型频率显著高于 NT组 ( P<0 .0 5) ;而两者之间的 AT1 R A1 1 6 6 C的C等位基因频率差异无显著性 ( P>0 .0 5)。结论　 ACE基因可能是 EHT的重要遗传因素 ,AT1 R基因 A1 1 6 6 C多态性与 EHT无关