奶山羊乏情期诱导发情效果研究

为使处于乏情期的奶山羊发情,采用孕酮阴道释放装置和孕马血清促性腺激素(PMSG)处理对三原莎能奶山羊种羊场的73只母羊进行诱导发情。试验羊分为三组,将含有孕激素的阴道栓置于试验羊阴道中9d,分别在撤栓前48h、撤栓前24h和撤栓同时(即Oh)配合肌肉注射PMSG 300 IU/只,研究孕马血清促性腺激素不同使用时间的诱导发情效果。结果三组羊的发情率分别为52.63%、78.79%和85.71%;同期率分别为42.11%、69.71%和76.19%,三者差异显著(P<0.05);羊只的发情时间集中在撤栓后48 h左右,以48 h为峰值呈现正态分布;发情羊发情持续时间分别为34.81 h、36.46 h和30.67 h。试验结果表明在撤栓同时配合肌肉注射PMSG的发情率和同期率最高,发情持续期最短,是可以在奶山羊生产中应用的诱导发情程序。     

孕酮海绵栓制剂对提高波尔山羊繁殖率的研究

波尔山羊发情不明显。为此我们自行设计了孕酮阴道海绵栓制剂 ,在四个波尔山羊种羊场进行人工诱导发情试验研究 ,结果表明 ,配合注射FSH、hCG等药物 ,孕酮阴道海绵栓制剂可有效地诱导母羊发情 ,在发情季节和乏情季节的发情率分别为 85.7%、83% ,哺乳母羊和断乳母羊的发情率分别为 33%、1 0 0 % ,长期不发情的母羊发情率为 85% ,且发情母羊的情期受胎率为 1 0 0 %。配合FSH递减法可有效地诱导超数排卵 ,4只成年母羊共收集到 4 3枚可用胚胎 ,超排效果明显     

夏牧场母牛的同期发情配种试验

在夏牧场黄牛改良人工授精中应用同期发情配种提高母牛的发情率。试验中分别在哈巴河县、阿勒泰市夏牧场对180多头母牛使用黄体酮集合孕马血清促性腺激素(PMSG)和促黄体素释放激素A2处理实验,取得了较佳效果,受胎率达到80%以上。试验证明该项技术可以在夏牧场推广使用,解决夏牧场放牧时间短、牛群流动性大且分散的实际问题。试验结果表明,第一次发情率试验组与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05),而受胎率试验组与对照组差异极显著(P<0.01);第二次发情率和受胎率,试验组明显高于对照组,差异极显著(P<0.01)。     

高寒牧区柯尔克孜羊同期发情和人工授精试验

为了提高柯尔克孜羊的繁殖率,本试验选择处于繁殖季节的600只柯尔克孜羊,随机分为试验组和对照组,试验组母羊采用一次PG方法处理;对照组为母羊自然发情,不做任何处理。观察第一情期的发情情况和发情后卵巢状态,统计同期发情率、受胎率和产羔率。结果显示:试验组同期发情率60%(120/200)显著高于对照组20%(80/400),差异显著(P0.05)。试验和对照组处理后发情羊的卵巢状态相同,试验组和对照组受胎率分别为75%和78.7%,差异均不显著(P0.05),产羔率分别为94.4%和95.2%,差异均不显著(P0.05)结论:通过在高寒牧区使用一次PG法对处于繁殖季节的柯尔克孜羊进行处理不仅达到促进母羊发情同期化程度、集中进行人工授精的目的,而且取得了预期的同期发情率、受胎率及产羔率,值得广泛推广。     

F_1代杂交盘羊同期发情处理时血清生化指标的变化研究

通过对盘羊杂交一代母羊和巴什拜母羊同期发情前后的血清总胆红素、直接胆红素、碱性磷酸酶、谷丙转氨酶、血糖、血酮体、血酸度的测定、分析与比较的显示:同期发情后总胆红素、直接胆红素、碱性磷酸酶的平均数值明显低于同期发情前的数值(p<0.01),谷丙转氨酶测定的平均数值高于同期发情前的数值,差异极显著(p<0.01);血糖、血酮体高于同期发情前的数值,巴什拜母羊的血糖浓度差异极显著(p<0.01);盘羊杂交一代母羊与巴什拜母羊的血清总胆红素、直接胆红素、碱性磷酸酶、谷丙转氨酶、血酮体的同期相比虽有差别,但差异不显著(P>0.05),其中血糖在同期发情前、血酸度在同期发情后差异极显著(P<0.01)。这种比较有规律性的结果说明:盘羊杂交一代母羊和巴什拜母羊通过外源性的孕激素、促卵泡素、前列腺素、促排卵素等生殖激素发情调控,对肝功能指标和葡萄糖营养代谢水平有不同程度的影响作用。     

马精液保存稀释液筛选及保存效果观察

为了提高优秀种公马的利用率,快速扩大优秀马群,在马的非繁殖季节进行常温、低温和超低温马精液保存稀释液的筛选及保存效果观察,精液采自新疆伊犁昭苏马场的4匹种公马。实验结果表明:(1)常温保存时,2.5%甘油液和7%葡萄糖液精子活率显著高于5%甘油液和0.9%NaCl液(P<0.05),存活时间极显著高于5%甘油液和0.9%NaCl液(P<0.01);(2)低温保存时,10%奶粉液和5%卵黄液精子活率显著高于0.8%卵黄液(P<0.05),极显著高于7%葡萄糖液(P<0.01),存活时间较0.8%卵黄液和7%葡萄糖液差异极显著(P<0.01);(3)冷冻保存时,11%乳糖液、10%蔗糖液和4%果糖液颗粒冻精活率均极显著高于0.1?TA液、3%葡萄糖液和1.25%Tris液(P<0.01);细管冻精活率显著高于3%葡萄糖液和1.25%Tris液(P<0.05),极显著高于0.1?TA液(P<0.01),且同一种稀释液的颗粒冻精和细管冻精的冻后活率和复苏率差异显著(P<0.05)。10%蔗糖液和4%果糖液冻后精子顶体完整率极显著高于11%乳糖液(P<0.01),畸形率显著高于11%乳糖液(P<0.05),颗粒和细管冻精差异不显著(P>0.05)。     

不同处理方法对胚胎移植受体绵羊同期发情效果的影响

本实验利用CIDR PMSG对绵羊进行同期发情处理。并分别用不同LH剂量对86只受体绵羊进行了诱发排卵试验:方法一100IU,方法二200IU,方法三300IU的。结果表明,CIDR PMSG法同期发情率为:95.3%,第1d的发情率(61%)显著高于第2d的发情率(39%)(P<0.01)。方法一的优质黄体率(55.2%)显著高于方法二的优质率(26.9%)(P<0.05),方法一(55.2%)与方法三(34.6%)之间的优质率差异不显著,但方法一比较节省药品。因此,方法一的效果最好。     

孕酮海棉栓制剂对提高波尔山羊繁殖率的研究

波尔山羊发情不明显。为此我们自行设计了孕酮阴道海绵栓制剂,在四个波尔山羊种羊场进行人工诱导发情试验研究,结果表明,配合注射ＦＳＨ、ｈＣＧ等药物,孕酮阴道海绵栓制剂可有效地诱导母羊发情,在发情季节和乏情季节的发情率分别为８５．７％、８３％,哺乳母羊和断乳母羊的发情率分别为３３％、１００％,长期不发情的母羊发情率８５％,且发情母羊的情期受胎率１００％。配合ＦＳＨ递减法可有效地诱导超数排卵,４只成年母羊共收集到４３枚可用胚胎,超排效果明显。     

不同FSH处理方法对多浪羊同期发情效果的影响

为了研究FSH不同注射方法对多浪羊繁殖性能的影响,试验将172只多浪羊母羊随机分为A、B、C三个试验组和一个对照组D,在相同饲养条件下,采用阴道放置海绵栓,第11 d撤栓时注射相同剂量的孕马血清促性腺激素(PMSG)和氯前列烯醇(PG)进行同期发情处理,埋栓后第9 d,150 IU FSH按照不同注射方法对A、B、C组进行处理。结果表明:A组(150 IU)发情率为77.78%,B组(100 IU+50 IU)发情率为80.65%,C组(75 IU+75 IU)发情率为87.50%,对照D组发情率为80.36%,统计分析3个试验组和对照组之间的发情率差异不显著(P>0.05),说明多浪羊采用孕酮+PMSG+PG同期发情处理及FSH不同的注射方法对发情率没有显著的影响,但C组(75 IU+75 IU)发情率高于其他组。     

双胎素对细毛羊产羔率的影响

在伊犁州直三个实验点对细毛羊大面积应用双胎素的效果表明,无论是放牧为主还是舍饲为主的羊群,应用双胎素后,生产母羊的双羔率和繁殖率得到了一定程度的提高,差异均为极显著(P<0.01),经济效益明显。对试验组不同体重和年龄生产母羊的双胎率进行了比较,表明双胎素能够显著提高3~5岁经产母羊的双羔率;在体重41~45kg组生产母羊注射双胎素的效果最好。本结果为今后该地大面积推广应用双胎素提供技术依据。     

成批煤气爆燃烧伤的救治体会

报道治疗因煤气泄漏爆炸烧伤病员7例，经应用MEBT技术积极救治，其中6例于伤后17天痊愈出院，另一例特重伤员也于伤后30天康复出院。作者认为：应严格按照MEBT／MEBO要求进行规范治疗，正确处理生命体征、休克、感染、脏器功能和创面的辨证关系。同时，不能忽视外科营养在过程中的重要作用，它是创面修复的物质保证。     

Glutamine supplementation in vitro and in vivo,in exercise and in immunodepression

In situations of stress, such as clinical trauma, starvation or prolonged, strenuous exercise, the concentration of glutamine in the blood is decreased, often substantially. In endurance athletes this decrease occurs concomitantly with relatively transient immunodepression. Glutamine is used as a fuel by some cells of the immune system. Provision of glutamine or a glutamine precursor, such as branched chain amino acids, has been seen to have a beneficial effect on gut function, on morbidity and mortality, and on some aspects of immune cell function in clinical studies. It has also been seen to decrease the self-reported incidence of illness in endurance athletes. So far, there is no firm evidence as to precisely which aspect of the immune system is affected by glutamine feeding during the transient immunodepression that occurs after prolonged, strenuous exercise. However, there is increasing evidence that neutrophils may be implicated. Other aspects of glutamine and glutamine supplementation are also addressed.     

新疆石河子地区奶牛隐性乳房炎的调查与分析

采用LMT法对新疆石河子地区三个规模化奶牛场泌乳牛群进行了隐性乳房炎检测,共检测994头泌乳牛3976个乳区.结果表明:奶牛隐性乳房炎阳性率为81.9%,乳区阳性率为49.1%.数据分析表明,不同年龄、胎次以及有无卧床奶牛的隐性乳房炎阳性率差异显著(P<0.05),后乳区的隐性乳房炎感染率显著高于前乳区感染率(P<0.05),隐性乳房炎乳区发生数也明显影响当日产奶量(P<0.05).     

Decrease in eccentric hamstring strength in runners in the Tirol Speed Marathon

Background

The local muscular endurance of knee flexors, during eccentric work in particular, is important in preventing or delaying kinematic changes associated with fatigue during treadmill running. This result, however, may not be transferable to overground running.

Objective

To test the hypothesis that overground running is associated with eccentric hamstring fatigue.

Methods

Thirteen runners (12 male and one female) performed an isokinetic muscle test three to four days before and 18 hours after a marathon. Both legs were tested. The testing protocol consisted of concentric and eccentric quadriceps and hamstring contractions.

Results

There were no significant differences between peak torque before and after the race, except that eccentric peak hamstring torque (both thighs) was reduced.

Conclusion

Overground running (running a marathon) is associated with eccentric hamstring fatigue. Eccentric hamstring fatigue may be a potential risk factor for knee and soft tissue injuries during running. Eccentric hamstring training should therefore be introduced as an integral part of the training programme of runners.     

Sex differences in neuromuscular fatigability in response to load carriage in the field in British Army recruits

Objectives

Women are resistant to neuromuscular fatigue compared to men in response to a range of exercise tasks. The sex differences in the neuromuscular responses to load carriage have yet to be investigated.

Oxalosis in primary hyperoxaluria in infancy

Primary hyperoxaluria (PH1) is a rare inborn autosomal recessive metabolic disorder due to the deficiency of hepatic alanine-glyoxylate-aminotransferase. This deficiency results in excessive synthesis and urinary excretion of oxalate, inducing renal stone formation and deposition of calcium oxalate in the kidney, bone, myocardium, and vessels (systemic oxalosis, SO) in the most severely affected individuals. We report renal and skeletal changes in a 3-month-old girl with PH1 and SO. Intense cortico-medullary hyperechogenicity and increased homogeneous radiopacity of normal-sized kidneys suggested the diagnosis of SO. Skeletal survey showed osteopenia and characteristic symmetrical metaphyseal transverse bands in long bones, progressively becoming more dense and migrating towards the diaphysis. Multiple pathological and slowly healing fractures of the limbs occurred at the dense band level. A radiopaque rim was then observed in flat bones, epiphyseal nuclei, and vertebral bodies. Inflammatory granulomatous reaction, induced by the presence of oxalate crystals in the marrow spaces, coexisted with progressively evident radiological signs of secondary hyperparathyroidism, with partially overlapping features. The patient was treated by peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis until combined liver–kidney transplantation. There are no previous reports of infants treated with hemodialysis for more than 2 years.     

肺心病慢性呼吸性酸中毒合并代谢性酸碱失衡判断方法探讨(附80例次血气分析)

目的：对42例肺心病慢性呼吸性酸中毒患者的80例次血气测定结果。方法：用不同的酸碱图（卡）及代偿公式进行酸碱类型的初步差别分析。结果：结合临床表现、各种影响因素与治疗反应等作出综合判定。结论：比较二种判定的差异，并提出较为实用、可靠的判断建议，以助于复合型呼吸性酸碱失衡的临床诊断与处理。     

Interventional radiology in oncology in private practice

Interventional oncology in private practice requires expert training and can be performed in a stand-alone facility for type 1 procedures in a hospital setting for type 2 and 3 procedures where subspecialized radiologists, state-of-the-art equipment, and postprocedure hospital monitoring are available. A multidisciplinary effort with oncologists, internal medicine physicians and anesthesiologists is necessary. The practice of interventional oncology requires around the clock availability, meticulous and established protocols and procedures and a financial investment. On the other hand, it is professionally gratifying because of constant technical advances and the impact on patients.