介绍一种Masson三色的微波改良染色法

目前,Masson三色染色法仍是胶原纤维、肌纤维染色的主要方法之一,能同时显示胶原纤维和肌纤维,组织形态通过着染蓝褐色的细胞核有很好的辨认性.Masson三色法在许多疾病的病理诊断、鉴别诊断和研究工作中均具有非常重要的使用价值.在实际工作中,我们意识到传统的Masson三色染色法[1]操作较繁琐,时间长,试剂作用时间和着色效果受室温影响较大.     

胶原纤维特殊染色法在心肌纤维化诊断中的应用比较

目的观察对比Masson三色染色、VG染色和苦味酸-天狼猩红染色法在评价心肌纤维化中的阳性表达及分布特征。方法取10例心脏移植受者纤维化心肌标本分别进行Masson三色染色、VG染色和苦味酸-天狼猩红染色,镜下观察对比胶原纤维的沉积特点。结果 Masson三色染色、VG染色和苦味酸-天狼猩红染色均能清楚地标记出胶原纤维的分布及排列特点;3种染色方法显示出的心肌纤维化面积及胶原纤维总量,在统计学上无显著性差异(P0.05);但苦味酸-天狼猩红染色法能够在偏振光显微镜下明确区分Ⅰ型和Ⅲ型胶原纤维,Masson及VG染色法则不能区分。结论苦味酸-天狼猩红染色较Masson三色染色和VG染色法,能够更好的评价心肌纤维化程度及其类型。     

桔黄G染色法在显示神经髓鞘中的应用

在神经病理诊断和研究工作中 ,显示神经髓鞘多采用Ｗｅｉｌ铁明矾苏木精染色法。根据神经髓鞘的组织结构特点 ,我们采用桔黄Ｇ法对神经髓鞘进行染色 ,收到了理想效果。1　材料与方法1.1　材料1.1.1　标本来源　本科活检及尸检的正常或病变的脑组织、脊髓和周围神经组织 ,经福尔马林 钙液固定 ,常规石蜡切片 ,厚 5 μｍ。1.1.2　染液的配制　桔黄Ｇ 2ｇ,磷钨酸 1ｇ ,蒸馏水 10 0ｍｌ,三者混合即可使用。1.2　方法1.2 .1　切片常规脱蜡后至蒸馏水 ;1.2 .2　切片入桔黄Ｇ染液 2 0ｍｉｎ～ 1ｈ(微波 5档 2～ 4ｍｉｎ) ;1.2 .3　 95 %酒精分化 ,…     

环保脱蜡液替代二甲苯在肝肾标本病理制片中的应用

目的 探讨环保脱蜡液替代二甲苯作透明脱蜡剂在肝肾标本病理制片过程中的应用.方法 取解放军第309医院器官移植中心肝、肾穿刺标本,经固定、水洗、脱水、透明、浸蜡、包埋、切片、染色等步骤制成病理切片,其中二甲苯均用环保脱蜡液替代,进行常规HE染色、免疫组织化学染色、Masson三色染色,观察染色结果,进行病理诊断.结果 用环保脱蜡液替代二甲苯作透明脱蜡剂,切片过程顺利,组织无变脆、变硬现象;染色后,背景清晰、颜色鲜明,易于观察.结论 环保脱蜡液可替代二甲苯在肝肾标本病理制片中发挥作用,值得在病理诊断科室及基础研究科室推广.     

Feulgen染色方法的改良

Ｆｅｕｌｇｅｎ染色是显示细胞核ＤＮＡ较具特异性的一种染色法 ,由于步骤繁杂 ,染色时间长 ,染色效果极易受组织固定液种类、盐酸水解时间和温度的影响 ,故肿瘤细胞ＤＮＡ含量的测定值偏差较大。我们在原有Ｆｅｕｌｇｅｎ染色法基础上 ,增大盐酸浓度 ,从而缩短染色时间 ,同样可获得满意的效果。1　材料与方法1.1　材料　取骨巨细胞瘤标本 5例及卵巢肿瘤标本 2 0例 ,常规 10 %福尔马林固定、脱水、石蜡包埋、切片厚 4μｍ。Ｓｃｈｉｆｆ试剂选择传统热配法 (略 )。1.2　方法　切片脱蜡至水洗 ,浸入 8Ｎ盐酸室温下水解10ｍｉｎ ,流水洗 5ｍｉ…     

6017例胃粘膜活检病理组织学研究

本文通过6017例胃粘膜活检的病理组织学观察,分析各种常见胃粘膜病的形态学特征。并重点讨论浅表性胃炎的转归和肿瘤活检诊断的意义。1 材料和方法 用纤维胃镜取胃、十二指肠粘膜活检标本共6017例,平均每例4块。组织经10％福尔马林液固定,石蜡包埋,连续切片平均6～8张,常规HE染色,AB/PAS粘液染色,VG结缔组织及Foot网状纤维染色。     

介绍一种改良Masson染色法在肾穿刺组织中的应用

正肾穿刺活检组织常规特殊染色有PAS、PASM、Masson、PASM套染Masson法。传统的Masson染色法主要用于鉴别胶原纤维与肌纤维,而应用于肾穿刺活检标本的染色效果对比不鲜明、易褪色且染色效果不稳定。有文献报道,传统的Masson染色法经改良可得到较满意效果,但仍需经二次固定,时间长、操作繁琐~[1]。我科经过多年的反复摸索,对传统Masson染色法进行改良应用于肾穿刺活检组织,该改良方法染色时间短,无需二次固定,肾小球免     

三种固定液使用情况的比较

目的将环保型标本保存液、无醛GS固定液和10%的甲醛液,保存新鲜病理组织、比较三种液体对病理标本防腐固定作用有何不同,探索无醛GS固定液取代10%甲醛液的可能性。方法分别用环保型标本保存液、无醛GS固定液和10%甲醛液固定同类活检标本48h,进行常规石蜡切片染色,观察三种不同固定方法对组织常规石蜡切片效果影响。另外将新鲜组织标本放入以上三种固定液中固定1年,观察病理标本在三种固定液中的差别。结果 10%甲醛液与无醛GS固定液对新鲜标本固定效果相同,常规石蜡切片组织细胞结构同样清晰;用10%甲醛液和无醛GS固定液固定2个月后的标本放入保环保型标本保存液保存效果良好,未经处理的新鲜组织单用放入环保型标本保存液做固定效果差,标本组织腐烂发霉、液体浑浊及标本上浮水平面等现象。结论无醛GS固定液对病理标本的固定、组织制片的效果与10%甲醛液有同样效果,无醛GS固定液完全可替代致癌剂甲醛液在标本固定、组织切片制作中的运用;环保型标本保存液用于经过无醛GS固定液固定2个月以上的病理标本保存效果好。     

移植肝脏穿刺标本超声快速石蜡制片的体会

在病理工作中，传统的石蜡包埋切片HE染色一直是病理诊断中最可靠、最准确的方法之一，但其标本制作周期较长，故不能满足临床快速诊断的要求。冰冻切片制片法虽然很快，但是微小标本(如各种内窥镜取材的标本、穿刺标本等)冰冻切片的制作却有困难，而且冰冻切片易出现细胞肿胀等认为假象，形态上与常规石蜡制片差别较大，会给疾病的诊断造成困难。我们应用超声波快速组织处理仪对本院移植肝脏穿刺的小标本进行超声波快速组织处理石蜡制片，     

石蜡切片HE染色常见弊病分析及矫正方法

在病理工作中，常规石蜡切片HE染色是病理检查最古老、最经典、最基本的、也是最重要的检查手段。是病理诊断的基础。自1842年产生一直沿用至今，没有任何一种更优越的染色方法可以取代它，HE染色质量的好坏直接影响病理诊断的正确性。我们虽然每天都在做大量的HE染色以满足诊断需要，但是在常规石蜡切片HE染色的过程中常会出现一些弊病，使组织切片着色不正常，给诊断造成困难。现将我们工作中遇到的常见弊病及原因和解决办法提出，供同行参考。     

Preparation of Ni/C porous fibers derived from jute fibers for high-performance microwave absorption

Composites obtained by incorporating magnetic nanoparticles into porous carbon materials are promising in serving as microwave absorbing materials. In this study, Ni/C porous fibers were successfully synthesized through a simple in situ template method by using low-cost jute fibers as carbon source and template. The results showed that the Ni nanoparticles were uniformly loaded on the surface and hollow porous structure of the Ni/C porous fibers. Meanwhile, the content and size of the Ni nanoparticles on the Ni/C porous fibers can be controlled. Due to a suitable filling content, the synergistic effect of dielectric loss, interface polarization loss, magnetic loss and porous structure of the Ni/C porous fibers, an excellent microwave absorption performance was achieved. The minimum reflection loss value reached −43.0 dB, and a reflection loss value less than −10 dB was in the frequency range of 11.2–16.1 GHz with 2.0 mm thickness. In particular, under matching thickness (1.5–3.5 mm), the values of all the reflection loss peaks were below −20.0 dB. It is believed that this work can not only provide a new way to design excellent carbon-based microwave absorbing materials, but also offer an effective design strategy to synthesize biomass nanocomposites.

Ni/C porous fibers derived from jute fibers exhibited excellent microwave absorption performance.     

Acoustophoretic assembly of millimeter-scale Janus fibers

This article presents a method for the assembly of millimeter-scale Janus fibers using acoustophoresis as an assembly mechanism. An acoustic flow cell mounted to a 3D printer combines acoustophoresis and additive manufacturing in a unique approach that allows for the assembly of textured Janus fibers. A dispersion consisting of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) filler particles in a UV curable polymer resin is passed through an acoustically excited capillary tube. To fundamentally understand this process, we develop a suspension balance model that accounts for acoustophoresis and concentration-driven shear-induced diffusion. Once assembled, the particle-polymer dispersion is cured using UV illumination to create a polymer composite fiber with particles immobilized on one side in a Janus-like configuration. The Janus fiber is observed to modify the light transmission profile when rotated on an optical microscope stage. Tensile measurements of the fiber show that the Young''s modulus of the Janus fiber (50.5 MPa) is approximately twice that of a fiber fabricated from the polymer alone (24.7 MPa). The process we describe here could serve as a pathway for the fabrication of a variety of functional Janus fibers with possible applications to wearable textiles, soft robotics or surgical sutures.

This article presents a method for the assembly of millimeter-scale Janus fibers using acoustophoresis as an assembly mechanism.     

Laser induced graphitization of PAN-based carbon fibers

Laser induced graphitization of polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibers (CFs) was carried out in a self-designed furnace with a CO₂ laser source. The microstructures combined with mechanical properties of the irradiated CFs were measured by Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and single filament tensile test, respectively. The results exhibited that the hierarchical structures of CFs showed different responses to the CO₂ laser. After laser graphitization, the surface and cross-section structure were characterized by Raman spectroscopy. As the power density increased, a profound increase of graphitization degree happened and obvious skin-core structures were observed. Furthermore, the results of XPS measurements indicated that the irradiated CFs showed more conjugated structures. For crystallite structure, the interlayer spacing of the (002) lattice decreased and the thickness of crystallite increased after graphitization. The size of the (002) lattice parallel to the fiber axis changed slightly. The surface morphology was also investigated by SEM, sheet structures and particles could be observed on the surface of CFs. This was attributed to fast energy addition of laser and the characteristics of the material. Further HRTEM investigation revealed that the sheet structure is multilayered graphene. The Young''s modulus of irradiated fibers showed obvious improvements compared to that of as-received ones.

A new method based on laser technique is proposed to graphitize PAN-based CFs.     

In vitro biological effects of glass fibers

Two glass fiber samples, which had previously been tested for their ability to induce mesotheliomata in rats, were subjected to size fractionation and the respirable fibers from each were collected. The sizes of the fibers in the total and respirable fractions were measured and all four materials were tested in vitro for their cytotoxic activities against V79-4 cells, A549 cells, and mouse peritoneal macrophages. The respirable fraction from the coarser material had considerably enhanced activity (on a mass basis) compared with its parent (total) material. The respirable fraction of the other fiber was only slightly more active than the corresponding total sample. The fiber size distributions are discussed in relation to the observed biological activity of all four samples, and it is concluded that the cytotoxic activity of fibrous glass is determined by the number of fibers within certain size ranges. It is likely that in the systems used in this present paper, fibers less than 10 micrometer long are inactive. The relationship between these observations and those obtained with fibrous glass in vivo by Stanton et al. (1977) are discussed.     

The mechanical properties of single fibrin fibers

See also Weisel JW. Biomechanics in hemostasis and thrombosis. This issue, pp 1027–9. Carlisle CR, Sparks EA, Der Loughian C, Guthold M. Strength and failure of fibrin fiber branchpoints. This issue, pp 1135–8. Summary. Background: Blood clots perform the mechanical task of stemming the flow of blood. Objectives: To advance understanding and realistic modeling of blood clot behavior we determined the mechanical properties of the major structural component of blood clots, fibrin fibers. Methods: We used a combined atomic force microscopy (AFM)/fluorescence microscopy technique to determine key mechanical properties of single crosslinked and uncrosslinked fibrin fibers. Results and conclusions: Overall, full crosslinking renders fibers less extensible, stiffer, and less elastic than their uncrosslinked counterparts. All fibers showed stress relaxation behavior (time‐dependent weakening) with a fast and a slow relaxation time, 2 and 52 s. In detail, crosslinked and uncrosslinked fibrin fibers can be stretched to 2.5 and 3.3 times their original length before rupturing. Crosslinking increased the stiffness of fibers by a factor of 2, as the total elastic modulus, E₀, increased from 3.9 to 8.0 MPa and the relaxed, elastic modulus, E_∞, increased from 1.9 to 4.0 MPa upon crosslinking. Moreover, fibers stiffened with increasing strain (strain hardening), as E₀ increased by a factor of 1.9 (crosslinked) and 3.0 (uncrosslinked) at strains ε > 110%. At low strains, the portion of dissipated energy per stretch cycle was small (< 10%) for uncrosslinked fibers, but significant (approximately 40%) for crosslinked fibers. At strains > 100%, all fiber types dissipated about 70% of the input energy. We propose a molecular model to explain our data. Our single fiber data can now also be used to construct a realistic, mechanical model of a fibrin network.