A cross-sectional study on the brainstem auditory evoked potential among workers exposed to carbon disulfide

Summary In order to clarify the chronic effect of carbon disulfide (CS₂) on the central nervous system (CNS), the brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) was measured in spinning workers exposed to CS₂ in a viscose rayon manufacturing factory and unexposed workers in Japan. Workers exposed to CS₂ were divided into three groups according to length of exposure: current spinning workers with an exposure duration of more than 240 months (L group, n = 34), current spinning workers with an exposure duration of 24–84 months (S group, n = 25), and former spinning workers with an exposure duration of more than 120 months (R group, n = 16). Unexposed controls were selected from workers in a nylon filament factory using the same criteria (N group; n = 40). BAEP records were analyzed based on the latencies of three main components (I, III, V) and interpeak latencies (I–III IPL, III–V IPL, I–V IPL). Latencies of component V, III–V IPL, and I–V IPL in the L group were significantly greater (P < 0.01, P < 0.05, P < 0.05, respectively). The significantly, higher III–V IPL in the L group suggested that in humans, chronic exposure to CS₂ involves the auditory ascending tract in the brainstem. Recovery from this neurotoxic effect is apparently possible, as the BAEP parameters in the R group were not significantly higher than those of the N group despite the long previous CS₂ exposure of the R group.     

Subclinical cervico-spino-bulbar effects of lead: a study of short-latency somatosensory evoked potentials in workers exposed to lead, zinc, and copper

Subclinical central and peripheral nervous system dysfunction among lead-exposed workers was studied by measuring short-latency somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEP) and maximal motor and sensory nerve conduction velocities (MCV and SCV) following stimulation of the median nerve at the wrist. The examinations were conducted in 20 gun-metal foundry workers exposed to lead, zinc, copper, and tin, with blood lead (BPb) concentrations of 16 to 64 micrograms/dl (mean, 42 micrograms/dl). The interpeak latency of SSEP in the cervico-spino-bulbar region [N9(Erb)-N13 latency] was significantly prolonged, and the MCV and SCV in the forearm were significantly slowed. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the yield of urinary lead following challenge with calcium disodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate (CaEDTA) and packed red blood cell volume were the major factors associated with the prolongation of SSEP latency in the cervico-spino-bulbar region. Similarly, the interpeak latency in the upper central nervous system (N13-N20 latency) was inversely related to the zinc concentration in erythrocytes; latency up to the Erb's point [N9(Erb) latency], which reflects conduction time in a long pathway of the sensory median nerve, was inversely related to urinary zinc level; the MCV and SCV in the palm were positively related to erythrocyte zinc concentration and plasma copper concentration, respectively. These findings suggest that the subclinical neurophysiological effects of lead occur not only in peripheral nerves but also in the central nervous system. It appears that zinc antagonizes the central and peripheral neurologic dysfunction caused by lead; similarly, copper antagonizes the peripheral sensory nerve dysfunction.     

不同程度的睡眠不足对大学生躯体感觉诱发电位、脑干听觉诱发电位和视觉诱发电位的影响

为研究睡眠不足对大学生中枢神经系统功能造成的影响,我们对不同程度睡眠不足大学生进行了上肢短潜伏时躯体感觉诱发电位、脑干听觉诱发电位和视觉诱发电位的测试。结果表明,上肢短潜伏时躯体感觉诱发电位无显著变化,脑干听觉诱发电位和视觉诱发电位各波潜伏时较对照组有延长趋势,彻夜不眠者显著延长(P<0.05)。从而提示这表明睡眠不足降低了中枢神经系统对内在和外在刺激的应激能力。     

脑干听觉诱发电位在儿科临床的应用研究

【目的】探讨脑干诱发电位(brainstem auditory evoked potential,BAEP)在儿科疾病的临床应用价值。【方法】收集了1215例患儿BAEP的检测资料,并对其进行分析。【结果】1215例患儿中异常BAEP检出率为47.6%(578/1 215),BAEP异常最高的疾患为听力障碍、新生儿高胆红素血症、新生儿缺血缺氧性脑病(hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy,HIE)、巨细胞病毒(cytomegalovirus,CMV)感染、先天愚型、脑瘫、以及其他中枢性感染等。并对该类疾患BAEP异常的类型和程度进行了分析。【结论】BAEP在儿科疾病中可能累及到中枢神经系统功能失调及听力障碍的疾病具有早期诊断和判断预后的临床参考价值。     

孤独症儿童的脑干听觉诱发电位检测结果临床分析

目的 探讨孤独症患儿脑干听觉诱发电位(brainstem auditory evoked potential,BAEP)的临床特征,为临床工作指导提供参考依据。方法 对78例孤独症患儿的BAEP检测结果进行分析。结果 78例患儿中,BAEP正常33例(42.3%),异常45例(57.7%),主要表现为波幅改变、波潜伏期、 峰间期延长、波形分化不良或听阈值增高。 结论 孤独症患儿听力基本正常,但存在BAEP异常,提示脑干听觉传导通路异常可能是造成其认知与语言发育障碍的原因之一。     

6月持续脑干诱发电位异常对2岁婴幼儿神经心理发育的预测研究

目的 研究脑干听觉诱发电位(BAEP或ABR)对婴幼儿神经心理发育的预测作用,为出生6月内持续BAEP异常对2岁神经心理发育的影响提供科学依据。方法 选取湖北省妇幼保健院2014年6月—2015年10月出生的早产儿95例,平均孕周(34.3±1.7)周,体重(2.457±0.268)kg。足月儿100例,平均孕周(38.3±1.9)周,体重(3.457±0.328)kg。Bayley婴幼儿发展量表随访至2岁,同时在1、3、6月龄监测BAEP。观察其6月龄BAEP正常、异常与2岁神经心理发育的内在关系。结果 28~32、32~34、35~36周早产儿及足月儿6月龄BAEP异常的婴幼儿2岁的智力发展指数(MDI)分别为80.63±5.216、83.43±3.563、86.36±7.658、90.12±5.658,BAEP正常的婴幼儿2岁的MDI分别为89.75±5.249、94.30±7.740、94.44±7.570、93.89±9.752,每组差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 6月龄进行BAEP监测是2岁神经心理发育水平预测的敏感指标。     

Auditory event-related potential (P300) in relation to peripheral nerve conduction in workers exposed to lead, zinc, and copper: effects of lead on cognitive function and central nervous system.

By measuring auditory event-related potential (P300 and N100) and peripheral nerve conduction velocities, the subclinical effects of lead, zinc, and copper on the central and peripheral nervous system were examined in 22 male gun metal foundry workers exposed to these metals. Their blood lead (BPb) concentrations ranged from 12 to 59 micrograms/dl (median 30). Control subjects were 14 healthy workers, employed at the same factory, who had never been occupationally exposed to these metals. In the gun metal foundry workers, the latencies of P300 and N100 were significantly prolonged; the latency of P300 was significantly correlated with BPb concentrations and other indicators of lead absorption. Similarly, the maximal motor and sensory conduction velocities in the radial and median nerves were significantly slowed, and were significantly correlated with indicators of lead absorption. The data suggest that lead exposure at low levels affects cognitive and central auditory nervous system function together with peripheral nerve conduction.     

出生窒息对新生儿神经行为和听力的影响研究

目的通过对窒息新生儿进行新生儿20项行为神经测定（NBNA）及脑干听觉诱发电位（BAEP）检查,评估窒息对新生儿的脑损伤情况。方法对2010年1月至2011年6月在广州市妇女儿童医疗中心就诊的51例窒息新生儿（窒息组）进行行为测定及脑干听觉诱发电位测定,并与同期因轻度呼吸系统、消化系统疾病住院的足月新生儿82例（对照组）的行为测定及脑干听觉诱发电位测定结果进行比较。结果窒息组7天NBNA总分36．32±1．28分,14天NBNA总分37．74±1．32分,对照组7天、14天NBNA总分均≥37分,两组比较差异均具有统计学意义（t值分别为10．15、4．49,均P〈0．05）;窒息组BAEP异常率35．29％,对照组BAEP异常率9．76％,差异具有统计学意义（χ^2=13．04,P〈0．05）;轻度窒息组BAEP异常率25．64％,重度窒息组BAEP异常率66．67％,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=6．76,P〈0．05）;窒息组中小于胎龄儿脑干听觉诱发电位异常发生率69．2％,适于胎龄儿异常率23．7％,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=8．80,P〈0．05）。结论新生儿窒息可以导致不同程度的脑损伤,因此对窒息新生儿进行神经行为及脑干听觉诱发电位检测可以用来评估脑功能及听力情况,为临床干预及预后提供客观依据。     

脑干听觉诱发电位联合MRI在新生儿胆红素脑病早期诊断中的意义

目的 研究脑干听觉诱发电位(BAEP)和磁共振(MRI)两种检查手段在新生儿高胆红素脑病早期诊断中的价值。方法 回顾性分析137例高胆红素血症患儿临床相关指标。结果 BAEP、MRI异常和有急性胆红素脑病症状组血清总胆红素、血清总胆红素/白蛋白值明显高于BAEP、MRI正常组和无急性胆红素脑病组(P<0.05)。BAEP与MRI异常率呈正相关(r=0.466,P<0.05)。BAEP诊断胆红素脑病的敏感性(87.18%)高于MRI(64.10%),但特异性(78.57%)低于MRI(93.88%)。结论 BAEP和MRI检查在新生儿高胆红素脑病早期诊断中有重要意义。     

脑干听觉诱发电位在高危儿脑损伤的动态监测

近些年不断在智力运动,语言发育迟缓,自闭症及注意力缺陷多动症儿童中发现脑干听觉诱发电位(BAEP)异常,由于其无创且敏感度高,已被开始应用于脑损伤的早期诊断、动态监测和预后判断。     

注意缺陷多动障碍和孤独症谱系障碍患者脑干听觉诱发电位比较

目的 探究注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)和孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)患者脑干听觉诱发电位(BAEP)是否存在异常,及二者之间BAEP的差异。方法 2018年10月—2019年4月于厦门市仙岳医院采用方便抽样法分别抽取年龄6～16岁的ADHD 27例(53只耳)和ASD 26例(52只耳)首诊患儿为ADHD组和ASD组,招募50例(100只耳)健康志愿者作为对照组。使用诱发电位仪对ADHD组和ASD组行BAEP检测,分析两组Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ波潜伏期,Ⅰ-Ⅲ、Ⅲ-Ⅴ、Ⅰ-Ⅴ波间期及Ⅰ、Ⅴ波波幅异常情况并进行比较。结果 ADHD组和ASD组与对照组相比,异常表现为Ⅰ波潜伏期缩短,Ⅰ-Ⅴ波间期缩短和Ⅰ、Ⅴ波波幅升高,其中ADHD组和ASD组的Ⅰ波潜伏期缩短率分别为5.66%和25.00%,Ⅰ波波幅升高率分别为24.53%和50.00%,差异均有统计学意义(χ²=7.601、7.294,P<0.05)。ADHD组与ASD组相比,Ⅰ波波幅显著降低,Ⅴ波波幅与Ⅴ/Ⅰ波幅比值均显著升高,差异有统计学意义(Z=-2.491、-2.205、-3.140,P<0.05)。结论 ADHD和ASD患儿的听觉传导通路存在差异,且Ⅴ/Ⅰ波幅比值差异可作为二者诊断时参考的重要客观指标。