„Narrow band imaging“ zur Früherkennung epithelialer Dysplasien und mikroinvasiver Karzinome im oberen Luft-Speise-Weg

The various stages of tumor growth are characterized by typical epithelial, vascular, and secondary connective tissue changes. Narrow band imaging (NBI) endoscopy is a minimally invasive imaging technique that presents vascular structures in particular at a higher contrast than white light endoscopy alone. In combination with high-resolution image recording and reproduction (high-definition television, HDTV; ultra-high definition, 4K), progress has been made in otolaryngological differential diagnostics, both pre- and intraoperatively. This progress represents an important step towards a so-called optical biopsy. Flexible endoscopy in combination with NBI allows detailed assessment of areas of the upper aerodigestive tract which are difficult to assess by rigid endoscopy. Papillomas, precancerous, and cancerous lesions are characterized by epithelial and connective tissue changes, as well as by typical perpendicular vascular changes. Systematic use of NBI is recommended in the differential diagnosis of malignant lesions of the upper aerodigestive tract. NBI also convinces by a significant improvement in pre- and intraoperative assessment of superficial resection margins. In particular, the combination of NBI and contact endoscopy (compact endoscopy) permits excellent therapeutic decisions during tumor surgery. Intraoperative determination of resection margins at unprecedented precision is possible. In addition, assessment of the form and extent of the perpendicular vessel loops stimulated by epithelial signaling enables differential diagnostic decisions to be made, approximating our goal of an optical biopsy.     

NBI utility in the pre-operative and intra-operative assessment of oral cavity and oropharyngeal carcinoma

Purpose

Despite advances in the surgical management of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, the identification of synchronous lesions, precancerous lesions around the main tumor, or the unknown primary in the case of neck metastasis remains a problem, as these lesions may be invisible to the naked eye or with standard white light (WL) endoscopy. However, the advent of tools such as narrow-band imaging (NBI) could help the clinician. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of NBI during the pre-operative and intra-operative stages of management of oral and oropharyngeal cancers.

Narrow band imaging and high definition television in the assessment of laryngeal cancer: a prospective study on 279 patients

Narrow band imaging (NBI) is an optical technique in which a filtered light reveals superficial carcinomas in view of their neoangiogenic pattern. The accuracy of NBI is implemented by combining it with a high definition television (HDTV) camera. The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate the diagnostic gain of NBI and HDTV in the assessment of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). Between April 2007 and December 2008, we analyzed by NBI with or without HDTV 279 patients divided in two groups: Group A included 96 patients affected by LSCC and Group B included 183 subjects under follow-up after treatment for the same disease. Overall, 50 of 279 patients (18%) showed “suspicious” NBI findings histologically confirmed as neoplastic. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive and negative predictive rates of flexible NBI, HDTV with white light, and HDTV with NBI in both groups confirmed the value of these two technologies. In the pre- and intraoperative settings, NBI with or without HDTV provided better definition of tumor staging and surgical margins. NBI has also a role in the postoperative setting, due to its ability in early detection of persistences, recurrences, and metachronous tumors.     

Tailored resections in oral and oropharyngeal cancer using narrow band imaging

Purpose

In a previous pilot study we observed that intra-operative narrow-band imaging (NBI) helps achieve clear superficial resection margins. The aim of this study was to verify if the use of intra-operative NBI can help to obtain tailored resections and if it is influenced by the lesion site, aspects not investigated in our previous study.

Classification of nasopharyngeal microvessels detected by narrow band imaging endoscopy and its role in the diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Conclusions: The new NBI classification of nasopharyngeal mucosal microvessels was helpful in differential diagnosis for benign and malignant lesions of the nasopharyngeal region. NBI endoscopy facilitates the detection of superficial nasopharyngeal lesions and might enable early diagnoses of NPC.

Objectives: To propose a new microvessel diagnostic classification using narrow band imaging (NBI) endoscopy and to investigate the role of an NBI classification in the diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

Methods: Between January 2009 and December 2010, a total of 290 patients with a suspected nasopharyngeal tumor were enrolled in this study. The NBI endoscopic system was used to examine the nasopharynx. Each lesion was observed by NBI endoscopy and judged according to the detailed morphologic findings of epithelial microvessels. The superficial microvessel patterns were classified into five types (types I–V). The diagnostic effectiveness of NBI for benign and malignant nasopharyngeal lesions was evaluated.

Results: Approximately 93.5% (29/31) of lymphoid hyperplasia appeared as the type II microvessel pattern under NBI endoscopy, whereas 96.2% (51/53) of nasopharyngeal radiation-induced inflammation exhibited the type III or IV microvessel pattern. The characteristics of NPC under NBI endoscopy mainly appeared as a type V microvessel pattern (79.5%, 167/210), and the sensitivity, specificity, predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of type V in the diagnosis of NPC were 79.5%, 91.3%, 96.0%, and 62.9%, respectively. NBI endoscopy could significantly improve the detection of superficial lesions (χ^2?=^?12.789, p?=?.000).     

Narrow band imaging might contribute to the diagnosis of laryngopharyngeal reflux

PurposeLaryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) accounts for 4–10% of outpatient visits. The standard domestic LPR diagnostic tools are the reflux finding score (RFS) and reflux symptom index (RSI). Narrow band imaging (NBI) can identify previously unknown characteristic microvessel features. Our aim was to explore the role of NBI in LPR diagnosis.Materials and methodsWe recruited 56 LPR outpatients and 41 symptom-negative controls. All individuals received RSI and RFS scores and underwent 24-hour multichannel intraluminal impedance-PH (MII-pH) monitoring and endoscopic NBI before and after treatment. The positivity rates in the study and control groups, before and after treatment, and using NBI and the conventional method were evaluated.ResultsFifty-one LPR and six control patients had sparse light brownish dots or tufted light brownish dots in the postcricoid region. The RSI and RFS positivity rates were 31.3% and 87.1%, respectively. NBI is as effective as the RFS (P < 0.05), and has poor consistency with the RSI (P < 0.05). Fifty-three LPR patients underwent posttreatment laryngoscopy. The positivity rate decreased to 17.0% (P < 0.05).ConclusionNBI has good value for LPR diagnosis.     

Evaluating hypopharyngeal carcinoma using narrow band imaging and oxygen-injected laryngoscope: New technique

ObjectiveTo evaluate the diagnostic value of narrow band imaging (NBI) endoscopic classification for hypopharyngeal lesions and to lay the groundwork for practical applications of oxygen-injected laryngoscope for hypopharyngeal carcinoma (HC).MethodsA total of 140 subjects with suspected 146 hypopharyngeal lesions were selected for pathological examination. Subsequently, NBI and white light imaging (WLI) endoscopy were performed to observe and classify lesions into 7 types according to our modified NBI classification. Pathological results were used as the gold standard to assess the diagnostic value of the NBI classification. The value of oxygen-injected laryngoscope for accurate assessment of lesion extension was evaluated based on the exposure of hypopharyngeal lesions before and after use.ResultsThe accuracy, sensitivity, and negative predictive value of NBI endoscopy in diagnosing hypopharyngeal lesions were 95.9 %, 96.7 %, and 84.6 %, respectively, which were higher than those of WLI mode (p < 0.05). NBI endoscopy was more accurate than WLI in diagnosing malignant lesions (p < 0.05), especially for high-grade dysplasia (HGD) (p < 0.05). There was remarkable consistency between NBI classification and pathological results (Kappa = 0.855). Type Va and type Vb-c accounted for 72.7 % and 92.8 % of HGD and invasive carcinoma, respectively. Moreover, the oxygen-injected laryngoscope was found to provide a more accurate assessment of HC extension (P < 0.001).ConclusionWe propose a more appropriate NBI endoscopic classification for hypopharyngeal lesions, which can effectively improve diagnostic accuracy, especially for the early diagnosis of hypopharyngeal cancer. Moreover, the application of oxygen-injected laryngoscope is essential for the accurate assessment of HC and has a high clinical utility.     

The value of narrow band imaging combined with stroboscopy for the detection of applanate indiscernible early-stage vocal cord cancer

Background: Narrow band imaging (NBI) and stroboscopy are non-invasive techniques to detect the malignant lesions of the vocal cord. This study was to assess the diagnostic value of combined endoscopic analysis in the applanate indiscernible early-stage vocal cord cancer.

Methods: A total of 110 patients with 160 suspicious vocal cord malignant lesions were included in this retrospective study. Stroboscopy was immediately performed after NBI and white light endoscopy (WLE) were performed in all patients. Excisional biopsy was performed to examine histopathology examination.

Results: We found that the diagnostic specificity and PPV were higher in the NBI and WLE combined with stroboscopy group than in the NBI and WLE group without stroboscopy (88.9% vs 72.5%, 88.4% vs 60.9%). However, the diagnostic sensitivity was not significantly different in those two groups (69.3% vs 67.7%).

Conclusion: NBI and WLE combined with stroboscopy is a promising method to detect early-stage vocal cord cancer with the advantage of clinical feasibility and diagnostic specificity.     

Diagnostic performance of NBI in post-treatment follow up for laryngeal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

ObjectiveTo evaluate the performance of narrow-band imaging (NBI) for the post-treatment surveillance of patients with laryngeal cancers and to compare the diagnostic value of NBI with that of white light endoscopy (WLE).MethodsWe searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Wanfang Data, and CNKI databases. Study quality and potential bias were assessed by the updated Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 tool (QUADAS-2). Data analyses were performed with Meta-Disc. Publication bias was assessed by Deek's funnel plot asymmetry test. The protocol used in this article is in accordance with the PRISMA checklist.ResultsSeven studies including 628 lesions were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratio for the NBI diagnosis of cancerous lesions were 0.92 (95 % CI: 0.84–0.96), 0.94 (95 % CI: 0.91–0.96), and 142.10 (95 % CI: 61.51–328.28), respectively. The area under receiver operating characteristics curve was 0.97. Among the seven studies, three studies evaluated the diagnostic value of WLE, with a sensitivity of 0.53 (95 % CI: 0.38–0.69), a specificity of 0.94 (95 % CI: 0.90–0.97), and a diagnostic odds ratio of 14.75 (95 % CI: 1.72–126.87). The evaluation of heterogeneity, calculated per the diagnostic odds ratio, gave an I² of 0. No marked publication bias (p = 0.75) was found in our meta-analysis.ConclusionNBI exhibits high diagnostic accuracy in the post-treatment follow-up of laryngeal cancer patients and is superior to that of traditional WLE.     

Guidelines of the French Society of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (SFORL), part I: Primary treatment of pleomorphic adenoma

IntroductionThe authors present the guidelines of the French Society of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (SFORL) for the diagnosis and treatment of pleomorphic adenoma (PA) of the salivary glands.MethodA review of the literature was performed by a multidisciplinary task force. Guidelines were drafted based on the articles retrieved and the workgroup members’ individual experience. Guidelines were graded A, B, C or expert opinion by decreasing level of evidence.ResultsIn clinically suspected salivary gland PA, MRI should be performed, including head and neck lymph node levels. Fine needle aspiration cytology is particularly recommended for tumours difficult to characterise by MRI. Frozen section biopsy should be performed to confirm diagnosis and adapt the surgical procedure in case of intraoperative findings of malignancy. Complete resection of the parotid PA should be performed en bloc, including margins, when feasible according to tumour location, while respecting the facial nerve. Enucleation (resection only in contact with the tumour) is not recommended. For the accessory salivary and submandibular glands, complete en bloc resection should be performed.     

Endoscopic diagnosis value of narrow band imaging Ni classification in vocal fold leukoplakia and early glottic cancer

ObjectivesTo explore the diagnostic value and the correlation between histological diagnosis and the Ni classification under narrow band imaging (NBI) for vocal fold leukoplakia (VFL) and early glottic cancer.MethodsA total of 91 patients with 119 vocal fold lesions were selected from January 2017 to May 2020. All these patients were subsequently examined by white light imaging (WLI) and NBI endoscopy, and then all lesions were classified by the Ni classification according to the characteristics of intraepithelial papillary capillary loop (IPCL) observed. The gold standard of diagnosis was histopathological results. Eventually, the chi-square and kappa test were applied, respectively, to evaluate the diagnostic value of NBI endoscopy and the consistency of Ni classification and pathological results.ResultsThe accuracy and sensitivity of NBI endoscopy were significantly higher than that of WLI endoscopy (P < 0.05). For the diagnosis of precancerous lesions under the NBI, the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value were 69.6% (16/23), 90.6% (87/96), 64.0% (16/25) and 92.6% (87/94), which for malignant lesions were 84.4% (65/77), 92.9% (39/42), 95.6% (65/68) and 76.5% (39/51). Moreover, for patients with low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (mild and moderate dysplasia), type IV lesions accounted for the most (69.6 vs 30.4%; χ² = 36.961, P < 0.001). For high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia or carcinoma in situ, type Va lesions were predominant (χ² = 30.526, P < 0.001), while type Vb and Vc lesions were dominant in invasive carcinoma (χ² = 64.373, P < 0.001). Besides, the kappa test revealed that there was a high consistency between Ni classification and pathological diagnosis (Kappa = 0.667, P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe Ni classification can improve the diagnosis accuracy of vocal fold lesions which enables clear visualization of mucosal microvasculature. This is essential for the early diagnosis of VFL and early glottic cancer during routine endoscopic examination.     

The usefulness of narrow-band imaging for the diagnosis and treatment of vocal fold leukoplakia

Objective: This research was aimed to explore the efficacy of narrow-band imaging (NBI) on distinguishing the degree of dysplasia of vocal fold leukoplakia.

Methods: Patients were examined by flexible endoscopy, under white light endoscopy (WLE) and NBI. 78 lesions were divided into two groups according to the NBI classification. Group 1: non-dysplasia (ND), including squamous hyperplasia with hyperkeratosis or parakeratosis; Group 2: squamous hyperplasia with mild or moderate dysplasia (MD) or severe dysplasia (SD), or carcinoma in situ (CIS).

Results: The diagnostic accuracy of NBI for Group 1 and Group 2 was 69.70% (23/33) and 95.56% (43/45), respectively, and the kappa index was 0.711 and a p value?Conclusions: The NBI could roughly estimate the degree of dysplasia. Differentiating between ND, MD, SD, and CIS, which may be useful for clinicians on selecting suitable therapies.     

The role of separate margins sampling in endoscopic laser surgery for early glottic cancer

Conclusions Sampling surgical margins in trans-oral laser microsurgery for early glottic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) may allow for increased local control rate, although with no difference in local control by endoscopic treatment alone. Objective To further delineate the role of routinely sampling separate surgical margins, in patients with early glottic SCC undergoing endoscopic laser resection. Methods A retrospective case control study. One hundres and two early glottic cancer patients staged Tis-T2 underwent endoscopic laser surgery with curative intent as the primary treatment. Separate margins from the surgical bed were sampled following complete tumor resection in 64 patients; in 38 patients no margins were sampled. Results Margin sampling showed a tendency towards reduced risk for local recurrence, adjusted HR?=?0.439 (p-value?=?0.096). However, there was no difference in local control by endoscopic treatment alone. The patients with sampled margins were further divided based on margins’ status: 39 (61%) had negative margins, and 25 (39%) had positive margins. Compared with negative margins, patients with positive margins showed increased risk for recurrence, adjusted HR?=?8.492 (p?=?0.008). When margins were not sampled the risk for local recurrence was increased compared to negative margins (adjusted HR?=?7.875, p-value?=?0.008), and relatively comparable to what was observed when sampled margins were positive (adjusted HR?=?0.927, p-value?=?0.88).     

Radiofrequency resection in oral and oropharyngeal tumor surgery

ObjectiveVarious techniques are available for the transoral resection of oral and oropharyngeal tumors. The application of radiofrequency proved successful in the resection of pathologies and achieved a good combination of radicality and hemostasis. The objective of this case series it to evaluate the feasibility of radiofrequency-assisted resection of oral and oropharyngeal tumors.MethodsPatients presenting with oral or oropharyngeal tumors eligible for transoral resection were included. The excision was performed with a 4 MHz microsurgical radiofrequency generator using a monopolar needle. Radiofrequency was evaluated with perioperative (bleeding, tissue sticking, coagulation), objective (wound healing, complications) and subjective postoperative parameters (visual analogue scale of pain, impaired food intake, impaired speak). The surgical specimens were examined regarding entity, width of coagulation margins and the quality of the resection margins and compared to laser-assisted resected specimen.ResultsTwenty-five patients were included. 13 patients suffered from benign and 12 patients from malign lesions. Intraoperative bleeding was described as self-limiting in most of the cases and only in some cases the application of additional light pressure was required. Intraoperative tissue sticking was described as none or as resolvable by activation of the radiofrequency generator. Coagulation was limited to the area of resection. No impairment of wound healing or postoperative complications could be observed. Pain, impaired food intake and speak declined steadily. Radiofrequency-assisted resected specimen showed better assessability compared to laser-assisted resected specimen (p < 0.001). Resection margins were predominantly smooth. The width of the coagulation zones was 1593.75 μm on average.ConclusionRadiofrequency is a suitable tool for the resection of oral and oropharyngeal tumors with a favourable intraoperative performance regarding the peri-incisional bleeding control and a continuous decline of postoperative morbidity.     

Narrow band imaging in early diagnosis of laryngopharyngeal malignant and premalignant lesions

Objectives: (1) To assess the diagnostic accuracy of narrow-band imaging (NBI) in the assessment of benign, premalignant, and malignant vocal fold lesions. (2) To evaluate the diagnostic value of NBI in detection of recurrence in upper aero-digestive tract malignancy.Methods: This was a prospective, observational study done between December 2018- November 2019 in the Department of Otolaryngology. One hundred six patients of suspected benign, premalignant, malignant lesions of larynx and hypopharynx along with recurrence cases of upper aerodigestive tract malignancy who have completed chemoradiation therapy. All patients were subjected to white light endoscopy (WLE), NBI, and biopsy for histopathological diagnosis. In WLE, laryngeal lesions were classified into three types: malignant, suspected malignant, and benign. NBI images were classified into 5 types based on the intrapapillary capillary loop (IPCL) patterns: Type I-IV were considered benign and Type V lesion was considered malignant. At the end, WLE and NBI findings were correlated with histopathological reports.Results: The diagnostic accuracy of NBI in diagnosing benign, premalignant, and malignant lesions is significantly better than WLE. The sensitivity of NBI in detecting malignant lesions is significantly greater than WLE. NBI has proved to be of great value in identifying lesions that could be missed by WLE alone, as combined sensitivity of NBI and WLE is significantly higher than WLE alone.Conclusion: NBI is an excellent technique for early detection of laryngopharyngeal malignancies with significantly higher sensitivity than WLE alone.     

The value of narrow band imaging for early detection of laryngeal cancer

We evaluate the value of laryngoscopy using narrow band imaging (NBI) system in the diagnosis of precancerous and cancerous laryngeal lesions. Thirty-four patients were suspected of having a total of 35 precancerous or cancerous laryngeal lesions among patients receiving conventional white-light laryngoscopy. All 34 patients underwent laryngoscopy with NBI system to determine whether those lesions were malignant before biopsy procedure. The diagnostic criteria of malignancy by NBI view was the presence of demarcated brownish area with scattered brown spots in the lesion. Histopathologic results were retrospectively compared with results of determination of malignancy made by NBI view. Of the 23 lesions histopathologically proved to be malignancies, 21 lesions were classified as malignant by NBI view. Sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of malignancy by means of NBI view compared with histopathologic results were 91.3% for sensitivity and 91.6% for specificity. NBI endoscopy seems to be a very promising diagnostic tool in the diagnosis of laryngeal malignant disease.     

Correlation between clinical and pathological data and surgical margins in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity

The importance of having tumor-free margins when resecting oral neoplasms has been known for decades.ObjectiveTo correlate clinical and pathology data to surgical margin status in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue and floor of the mouth.MethodThis historical cohort cross-sectional study included all patients submitted to squamous cell carcinoma resection for tumors of the oral tongue and floor of the mouth between 2007 and 2011 at the Head and Neck Surgery service of our institution.ResultsIn the 117 cases included, 68.3% had tongue tumors. The male-to-female ratio was 2.3:1 and patient mean age was 57.6 years. Broad free resection margins were seen in 23.0% of the cases; narrow margins in 60.6% of the cases; and compromised margins in 16.2%. Tumor diameter and thickness were correlated to resection margins. Tumors in more advanced T-stages presented more unsatisfactory margins. Patients operated with broad free margins had their tumors resected more commonly through transoral approaches.ConclusionsTumors of larger volume both in terms of diameter and thickness were more correlated to unsatisfactory resection margins. Higher complexity procedures were not associated with better resection margins.     

Prognostic role of resection margin in open oncologic laryngeal surgery: survival analysis of a cohort of 139 patients affected by squamous cell carcinoma

IntroductionThe treatment of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma needs accurate risk stratification, in order to choose the most suitable therapy. The prognostic significance of resection margin is still highly debated, considering the contradictory results obtained in several studies regarding the survival rate of patients with a positive resection margin.ObjectiveTo evaluate the prognostic role of resection margin in terms of survival and risk of recurrence of primary tumour through survival analysis.MethodsBetween 2007 and 2014, 139 patients affected by laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma underwent partial or total laryngectomy and were followed for mean of 59.44 ± 28.65 months. Resection margin status and other variables such as sex, age, tumour grading, pT, pN, surgical technique adopted, and post-operative radio- and/or chemotherapy were investigated as prognostic factors.Results45.32% of patients underwent total laryngectomy, while the remaining subjects in the cohort underwent partial laryngectomy. Resection margins in 73.39% of samples were free of disease, while in 21 patients (15.1%) anatomo-pathological evaluation found one of the margins to be close; in 16 subjects (11.51%) an involved resection margin was found. Only 6 patients (4.31%) had a recurrence, which occurred in 83.33% of these patients within the first year of follow-up. Disease specific survival was 99.24% after 1 year, 92.4% after 3 years, and 85.91% at 5 years. The multivariate analysis of all covariates showed an increased mortality rate only with regard to pN (HR = 5.043; p = 0.015) and recurrence (HR = 11.586; p = 0.012). Resection margin did not result an independent predictor (HR = 0.757; p = 0.653).ConclusionsOur study did not recognize resection margin as an independent prognostic factor; most previously published papers lack unanimous, methodological choices, and the cohorts of patients analyzed are not easy to compare. To reach a unanimous agreement regarding the prognostic value of resection margins, it would be necessary to carry out meta-analyses on studies sharing definition of resection margin, methodology and post-operative therapeutic choices.     

超声加绘图技术在甲状旁腺定位中的应用

目的 探讨超声辅加绘图技术对甲状腺切除过程中甲状旁腺术前定位的效果,提高甲状旁腺辨认阳性率,有效保护甲状旁腺,降低术后低钙血症发生率。方法 将头颈外科拟行甲状腺手术的160例患者按甲状腺拟全切除、单侧叶切除及年龄段平均分为A、B两组,A组患者术前采用甲状旁腺超声定位辅加手绘图标记技术,B组未采用。术中记录A组定位甲状旁腺与术中位置符合率及漏诊率、两组术中辨认率,两组甲状旁腺误切情况;术后记录两组患者血钙、甲状旁腺素（PTH）实验室检查,分析比较两组术中辨认阳性率、甲状旁腺误切率、术后第1天与术前实验室检查指标。结果 A组术前定位甲状旁腺176枚,与术中位置符合率为92.63%（176/190）,另有14枚旁腺超声未检测到,漏诊率7.37%（14/190）;A组术中辨认阳性率86.36%（190/220）,B组术中辨认阳性率77.27%（170/220）,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）;A组中有2枚甲状旁腺误切除,B组中有9枚甲状旁腺误切除,A组误切率低于B组（P<0.05）;术后第1天与术前血钙及PTH实验室检查两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 甲状腺切除术前实施超声辅加绘图技术定位甲状旁腺,对甲状腺外科手术中寻找并保留甲状旁腺及降低术后低钙血症方面有一定的临床应用价值。     

The impact of surgical margin status on the outcomes of locally advanced hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma treated by primary surgery

Abstract

Background: The extent of surgical safety margin remained unclear in hypopharyngeal carcinoma surgery.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of surgical margin status on the outcomes of patients with advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma.

Material and methods: A retrospective analysis of clinical data was performed in 205 patients with stage III/IV hypopharyngeal carcinoma treated by primary surgery between January 2005 and December 2014. There were 129 patients with clear surgical margins (≥5?mm) and 76 with close surgical margins (<5?mm). The clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes were compared between the two groups.

Results: Close surgical margin (cSM) was found to be a significant risk factor for local recurrence, overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS). Analysis by stratification according to pT classification showed that the OS and DSS rates of T1/T2 tumors with clear surgical margins (nSM) were significantly higher than those with cSM (p?<?.05), while there was no significant difference in the OS and DSS rates between T3/T4 tumors with cSM and nSM (p?>?.05).

Conclusions and significance: The tailored extent of surgical resection margin was recommended for locally advanced hypopharyngeal carcinomas according to primary tumor stage.