Skin care for patients receiving radiotherapy.

Radiotherapy can cause significant skin reactions. Research suggests that skin care practices are diverse for patients receiving radiotherapy. Standardised practice enables nurses to evaluate interventions.     

系统化功能锻炼对乳腺癌术后放疗患者患肢的影响

目的：了解系统化功能锻炼对乳腺癌术后放疗患者患肢恢复的影响。方法：通过对56例乳腺癌术后放疗患者进行系统化功能锻炼的综合护理,对此功能锻炼前、后患肢疼痛、麻术,以及肌肉麻痹的效果的变化。结果：系统化功能锻炼可明显减轻患肢疼痛、麻木,改善肌肉麻痹（P〈0.01）。结论：系统化功能锻炼对临床乳腺癌术后放疗患者患肢恢复有显著效果。     

乳腺癌保乳术后四种不同放疗计划模式的剂量学研究

目的 对乳腺癌保乳术后患者设计野中野调强放射治疗(FIF-IMRT)、混合调强放射治疗(Hy-IMRT)、静态调强放射治疗(S-IMRT)、容积旋转调强放射治疗(VMAT)四种不同放疗计划,比较四种不同放疗计划模式下的剂量学差异.方法 纳入于2019年1月至6月在广西医科大学第一附属医院确诊为乳腺癌且行保乳术后的22例...     

双侧输尿管皮肤造口患者出院后随访及护理干预

总结9例双侧输尿管皮肤造口患者出院后随访及护理干预.随访后发现本组对双侧输尿管造口不适应,普遍存在焦虑自卑的心理;7例不能自己更换造口袋;1例使用自制简易式造口袋,2例使用旧式一次性造口袋,6例使用质量较好的两件式粘贴型造口袋.1例出现尿酸盐结晶,1例出现双侧造口回缩,2例出现造口周围皮炎,其中1例出现尿路感染.通过建立随访机制,确保护理干预的延续性;提高患者造口认知水平,消除自我形象紊乱;传授造口护理技巧,提升患者的自理能力;正确选择造口护理用品,指导并发症的观察和处理等,提升了患者的自我护理能力,增强了自信心,减少了并发症的发生.认为出院后的随访及护理干预,能提高造口患者的生活质量,促进患者形成良好的心态,更好地回归社会.     

Predictors of self-care in cancer patients receiving radiotherapy

The purpose of this study was to examine, within a theoretical framework derived from Orem's conceptual model of nursing, whether self-care can be predicted jointly by social support and the selected basic conditioning factors of age, marital and socioeconomic status, living arrangements, and stage and site of cancer. A convenience sample of 112 adult cervical and head/neck cancer patients receiving radiotherapy was obtained from radiotherapy outpatient clinics in three hospitals located in Bangkok, Thailand. Multiple regression was used to analyze the data. Socioeconomic status and social support were significant predictors of self-care, whereas stage and site of cancer seemed to predict self-care indirectly through social support. The findings are discussed in terms of the validity of Orem's self-care model. Implications for practice and further study are explored.     

A case of synchronous bilateral separate primary male breast carcinomas.

Breast carcinoma in the male is uncommon, but to find a case of bilateral synchronous primary separate carcinomas is extremely rare. We report on the management of such a case, illustrating current concepts in therapy. This case highlights the fact that, as in the female, bilateral breast carcinomas can occur in the male and the attending surgeon should remain vigilant at all times when treating unilateral disease.     

晚期鼻咽癌患者同步放化疗毒性反应的临床观察

目的评价晚期鼻咽癌患者同步放化疗毒性反应。方法随机将77例晚期鼻咽癌患者分为两组,其中39例在放疗同时合并奥沙利铂化疗为实验组,38例单纯放疗为对照组,比较两组毒性反应。结果实验组胃肠道反应、外周神经毒性与对照组比较有显著性差异(P<0.001),但两组血液学毒性、口腔粘膜炎、皮炎方面无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论同步放化疗治疗晚期鼻咽癌毒性反应增加,要针对不同的毒性反应,特别加强对胃肠反应、外周神经毒性反应的护理,有效预防或减轻毒性反应的发生,使患者积极配合治疗和护理,顺利完成放化疗。     

人文关怀护理对乳腺癌术后放疗病人生活质量的影响

[目的]探讨人文关怀护理对乳腺癌术后放疗病人生活质量的影响。[方法]将80例乳腺癌术后放疗病人随机分为对照组和干预组各40例,对照组采用乳腺癌术后放疗的常规护理,干预组在乳腺癌术后放疗常规护理的基础上采用人文关怀护理,采用生活质量评分量表(QOL)评定两组病人的生活质量并进行比较。[结果]干预组病人生活质量明显高于对照组,经比较差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。[结论]人文关怀护理能有效减轻乳腺癌术后放疗病人放疗的不良反应和心理压力,提高病人生活质量。     

Course of fatigue in women receiving chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy for early stage breast cancer

Although much has been learned about the complication of fatigue during breast cancer treatment, the possibility that there are differences across treatment modalities in breast cancer patients' experience of fatigue has not yet been established. In this study, fatigue was assessed in 134 women receiving chemotherapy and radiotherapy or radiotherapy only for early stage breast cancer. Comparisons of fatigue during initial treatment indicated that women who received chemotherapy reported greater fatigue severity and disruptiveness than women receiving radiotherapy. Women not pre-treated with chemotherapy experienced increased fatigue over the course of radiotherapy. Results confirmed predictions that fatigue in women with early stage breast cancer differs as a function of the type of treatment and sequencing of treatment. Findings indicating increases in fatigue during radiotherapy only among women not pretreated with chemotherapy suggest a response shift, or a change in internal standards, in women's perceptions of fatigue as a function of prior chemotherapy treatment.     

Assessing fatigue and self-care strategies in patients receiving radiotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer

Lung cancer represents a major public health problem worldwide (ISD 2000) with approximately 80% of patients presenting with locally advanced or metastatic disease. Treatment is essentially palliative; therefore, symptom management is important. This paper describes the findings from a prospective study of fatigue in newly diagnosed patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Fifty-three patients undergoing radical or high-dose palliative radiotherapy for Stage I, II and III disease were recruited to the study. Patients completed a structured health diary throughout radiotherapy and for up to 1 month post-treatment. Tape-recorded interviews were conducted with a sub-sample (n=11) to explore the nature of fatigue. Complete data sets were available on 46 patients. Consistent with current literature, the study findings demonstrated the progressive nature of this symptom throughout treatment; however, the levels of distress reported and interference with daily living were not found to be as overwhelming in this group of patients as the literature thus far suggests.     

Characteristics and outcomes of elderly patients receiving transitional care

Transitional care programs are one method of providing care to elderly high-risk patients. The aims of this study were to determine if patient characteristics (including number of comorbidities, functional status, and length of stay during initial hospitalization) and social factors (including presence of a caregiver in the home and place of discharge disposition) were associated with increased hospital readmission and mortality for patients discharged from specialized transitional care.     

电话随访在食管癌放化疗病人中的应用

[目的]探讨电话随访在食管癌放化疗病人中的应用效果。[方法]选取在我院行放化疗的94例食管癌病人,在病人末次放化疗结束后给予常规护理及指导,出院1周后予以为期1个月的电话随访,比较病人出院前及电话随访1个月后的健康知识掌握情况、焦虑及抑郁评分、生活质量评分。[结果]随访1个月后,病人的健康知识水平掌握率、生活质量评分高于出院前,焦虑及抑郁评分低于出院前,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。[结论]电话随访可以提高食管癌放化疗病人对癌症相关知识的掌握情况,缓解病人焦虑和抑郁情绪,提高病人的生活质量。     

Factors influencing comfort level in head and neck neoplasm patients receiving radiotherapy

ObjectiveTo determine factors that influence comfort in head and neck neoplasm patients receiving radiotherapy.MethodsIn total, 200 head and neck neoplasm patients receiving radiotherapy were recruited from three tertiary first class hospitals. They were assessed by Radiotherapy Comfort Questionnaire for patients with head and neck neoplasm, Social Support Scale, and Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire.ResultsThe total score of comfort was 60.54 ± 8.32. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that number of radiation treatments, family accompaniment, educational level, resignation coping mode, complications due to diabetes, accompanying chemotherapy, and the utilization of social support significantly influenced comfort level (p < 0.05). Among these, number of radiation treatments, complications due to diabetes, accompanying chemotherapy, and resignation coping were negative factors.ConclusionEncouraging utilization of social support systems and a positive coping mode is important for increasing comfort level in head and neck neoplasm patients during radiotherapy. Nurses should pay particular attention to those patients during later stages of radiotherapy or chemotherapy, with diabetes, without family accompaniment, and with lower education level.