经皮穿刺切吸治疗腰椎间盘突出症

方法：本文通过１９６例腰椎间盘突出症的ＡＰＬＤ治疗及平均１２个月的临床观察,优良率达９５．４％,从适应症选择,禁忌症,髓核切吸量与疗效关系,再次切吸问题,并发症发生及预防措施等方面,详细论述了该技术运用中的一些具体问题。强调了伴有椎间盘钙化和椎体后缘骨赘形成时,仍可选择就诊前病史中有缓解期,本次发病不超过６个月的病例做为适应症。结论：认为该技术与保守治疗,传统手术一样,将成为治疗腰椎间盘突出症的主     

经皮穿刺切吸术治疗腰椎间盘突出症75例分析

临床资料本组 75例 ,78个椎间盘。男 42例 ,女 33例 ;年龄 16～ 72岁 ,平均 38岁 ;病程 4周～ 2 5年 ,平均 2 8个月 ;突出部位L3,42例 ,L4,56 6例 ,L5S1 10例 ,其中 L4,5与 L5S1 同时突出 3例 ;中央型突出 2例 ,中央偏左型 48例 ;中央偏右型 2 8例 ;平均取出髓核 1.8g;术后随访 70例 ,随访率 93% ,随访时间 3～ 2 6个月。诊断及病历选择　本组腰痛占93% ,下肢痛麻占 98% ,直腿抬高试验阳性者占 80 % ,小腿外侧皮肤感觉障碍者 86 .6 % ,相应部位肌力下降占 77% ,膀胱功能受影响 4%。全部病例均有 CT或 MRI检查诊断。突出物大于 0 .5 cm…     

经皮穿刺切吸治疗青少年腰椎间盘突出症

目的　探讨青少年腰椎间盘突出症的临床表现和治疗。方法　 7例青少年腰椎间盘突出症均行经皮穿刺切吸治疗 ,并分析临床表现和治疗方法。结果　随访全部病例 ,平均随访 2 .8年 ,症状体征均消失。结论　临床表现特点为症状轻 ,体征重 ;治疗上不要过分强调保守治疗 ,经皮穿刺切吸是重要的治疗方法之一。     

经皮穿刺切吸治疗腰椎间盘突出症102例报告

目的：本文报道了采用APLD技术行腰椎间盘突出髓核摘除术102例，研究APLD手术的适应症和禁忌症，APLD的特点和易出现的情况及并发症，以提高手术疗效。方法：利用有影像增强系统X线机，在透视下准确进入患病椎间盘内，用髓核切吸器连接输液器和负压吸引器，以300次／秒的速度反复切割抽吸髓核组织，随时观察吸出之髓核的颜色、性状及有无疤痕硬结块，充分切吸足够量的髓核后，退出髓核自动切吸器，令患者仰卧做直腿抬高试验，观察治疗效果。结果：本组102例术后随访3月－2年，优良率94％，2例无效经开放手术证实为根管狭窄、椎间盘碎块脱出游离于椎管，与术前诊断不清适应症选择不当有关。结论：APLD术有直接切吸髓核但不干扰椎管正常结构，具有创伤小、恢复快、住院时间短、术后痛苦少、护理简单、无严重并发症等优点，较开放手术容易被患者接受，是介于保守疗法和开放手术之间的一种补充方法。     

切吸术联合臭氧注射治疗腰椎间盘突出症的效果观察

目的 探讨经皮椎间盘切吸术联合臭氧注射治疗腰椎间盘突出症的疗效及护理.方法 将50例腰椎间盘突出症患者随机分为对照组和观察组各25例,两组均采用经皮穿刺椎间盘切吸术,观察组在此基础上加置硬膜外导管注射臭氧.随访3个月观察疗效.结果 观察组治愈率(84.0%)显著高于对照组(52.0%,P＜0.05).结论 在切吸的同时置管注射臭氧可有效提高腰椎间盘突出症患者的治疗效果,掌握正确的操作方法是治疗成功的关键.     

双侧经皮穿刺椎间盘切吸术治疗腰椎间盘突出症

自１９９６年１月到１９９７年３月,我们将１０４例腰椎间盘突出症患者随机分为单侧经皮穿刺切吸组（Ａ组）、双侧经皮穿刺切吸组（Ｂ组）。随访６～１８个月,结果显示,双侧经皮穿刺椎间盘切吸术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的疗效优于单侧穿刺切吸术。１资料与方法１１临床资...     

浅析经皮穿刺切吸术治疗椎间盘突出症

自 1997年 8月～ 1998年 12月采用经皮穿刺切吸术治疗腰椎间盘突出症2 0例患者 ,疗效满意。在 L5S1 椎间盘 ,自行设计髂骨钻孔法 ,使穿刺、切吸均能顺利进行 ,从而解决了这一难题 ,扩大了该术式的应用范围。1　临床资料本组 2 0例 ,男 14例 ,女 6例。年龄2 0～ 6 7岁 ,平均 38岁。病程 1月～ 5年。单纯 L4、5突出者 12例 ,L4、5和 L5S1 皆突出者 8例。术中每节取出髓核 1～ 2 g,平均 1.5 g/节 ,手术时间平均每节 40 m in。疗效判断　优 :疼痛消失 ,无运动障碍及功能受限 ,恢复正常工作和活动 ,14例 ;良 :偶有疼痛 ,能做轻工作 ,4例 ;可 :…     

切吸术联合臭氧注射治疗腰椎间盘突出症的效果观察

目的探讨经皮椎间盘切吸术联合臭氧注射治疗腰椎间盘突出症的疗效及护理。方法将50例腰椎间盘突出症患者随机分为对照组和观察组各25例，两组均采用经皮穿刺椎间盘切吸术，观察组在此基础上加置硬膜外导管注射臭氧。随访3个月观察疗效。结果观察组治愈率（84．0％）显著高于对照组（52．0％，P〈0．05）。结论在切吸的同时置管注射臭氧可有效提高腰椎间盘突出症患者的治疗效果，掌握正确的操作方法是治疗成功的关键。     

经皮穿刺切吸术治疗伴钙化的腰椎间盘突出症35例体会

从1993年9月以来,我们使用APLD技术治疗伴钙化的腰椎间盘突出症35例,其中28例获优良级疗效,4例可,3例差;随访3～16个月,优良率80%.我们体会到只要患者有间断性发作或近期内有中间缓解期病史,CT片显示间盘突出阴影所占比例或成份大于钙化影时,则可使用经皮穿刺切吸技术.对经皮切吸治疗无效者,一般不宜进行二次切吸治疗,应选择手术治疗.     

经皮切吸结合臭氧与胶原酶联合注射治疗腰椎间盘突出症的疗效观察

目的探讨经皮穿刺腰椎间盘切吸术结合臭氧与胶原酶联合注射治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效。方法将收治确诊为腰椎间盘突出症的80例患者随机分为2组,每组各40例,A组行经皮穿刺腰椎间盘切吸术结合臭氧和与胶原酶联合注射治疗,B组行经皮穿刺腰椎间盘切吸术结合单纯臭氧注射治疗。结果术后6个月随访结果示：A组疗效总改善率为92.5%,显著优于B组82.5%（P〈0.05）。结论经皮穿刺腰椎间盘切吸术结合臭氧与胶原酶联合注射治疗腰椎间盘突出症显示出良好的临床疗效,与经皮穿刺腰椎间盘切吸术结合单纯臭氧注射相比明显改善了治疗效果。     

臭氧消融术治疗腰椎间盘突出症临床分析

目的 臭氧消融术介入治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床治疗总结.方法 我科自2007年5月～2010年4月共收治184例腰椎间盘突出症患者,术前均经CT或MRI检查确诊.病人分成治疗组（n＝104）和对照组（n＝80）,治疗组采用经皮穿刺臭氧消融术,对照组采用常规保守（药物和物理）治疗,分别进行疗效评价并行统计学分析.结果 随访3～12个月,平均8个月,依据MacNab疗效标准评定：实验组104例,其中显效29例,有效49例,无效26例,总有效率75%;对照组80例,其中显效12例,有效35例,无效33例,总有效率58.75%.两组患者治疗后疗效评价统计学有差异（χ2＝5.48,P＝0.019）.结论 臭氧消融术介入治疗腰椎间盘突出症操作简便,疗效显著,值得在临床中广泛开展应用.     

椎间盘镜髓核摘除术治疗腰椎间盘突出症

目的：总结第二代椎间盘镜手术系统治疗腰椎间盘突出症的效果。方法：1999年2月至2000年6月采用显微椎间盘镜髓核摘除术共治疗137例、153个间隙腰椎间盘突出症,单间隙突出者121例,双间隙突出症16例,合并侧隐窝狭窄者61例。突出间隙：L3／421个,L4／569个,L5／S163个。突出位置：后外侧型127间隙,中央型21间隙,极外侧型5间隙,结果：所有病例均获得2－18个月随访,平均7．5个月。优良率93．4％。术后椎间盘炎1例,同间隙椎间盘突出复发1例。结论：显微椎间盘镜髓核摘除术具有手术创伤小、神经根减压彻底、术后恢复快的特点,选择合适的适应证和仔细的操作是手术成功的关键。     

射频消融髓核成形术治疗腰椎间盘突出症

目的：探讨射频消融髓核成形术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的手术技巧、疗效和适应证。方法：对86例腰椎间盘突出症患者采用经皮穿刺射频消融髓核成形术(nucleoplasty)治疗，并对其疗效进行观察分析。结果：86例患者经3～18个月随访，根据“中华医学会骨科分会脊柱学组腰背痛手术评定标准”，术后疗效优10例，良65例，可6例，差3例，优良率87．2％，有效率为96．5％。无相关并发症发生。结论：射频消融髓核成形术操作简单、安全，是治疗腰椎问盘突出症的有效微创手术。     

椎板开窗成形术治疗腰椎间盘突出症

目的 :探讨腰椎间盘突出症外科治疗方法及疗效。方法 :切取椎板外层骨皮质向上翻转 ,椎板内层开窗 ,摘除突出髓核 ,将翻转的椎板外层回覆原处。结果 :术后随访 2 7例 ,时间 163 8个月 ,优良率达 96 3 %。结论 :作者设计的椎板开窗成形术治疗腰椎间盘突出症对腰椎稳定性影响小 ,而且有良好的效果     

Systematic review of microendoscopic discectomy for lumbar disc herniation

Study design

Systematic review.

Objective

To search and analyse randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published since the Cochrane review by Gibson and Waddell (2007) comparing microendoscopic discectomy (MED) with open discectomy (OD) or microdiscectomy (MD) and to assess whether MED improves patient-reported outcomes.

Summary of background

Discectomy for symptomatic herniated lumbar discs is an effective operative treatment. A number of operative techniques exist including OD, MD, and MED. A 2007 Cochrane review identified OD as an effective treatment for symptom improvement, and found sufficient evidence for MD. However, evidence for MED was lacking.

Methods

A systematic review of Medline and Embase was carried out. Aiming to identify RCTs carried out after 2007, which compared OD with MD and MED which reported the Oswestry disability index (ODI) as an outcome.

Results

Four RCTs were identified. None of the studies found a significant difference in the ODI scores between study groups at any time point. Three studies compared MED to OD and one compared OD, MD, and MED. The largest study reported an increased number of severe complications in the MED group.

Conclusions

There is some evidence to suggest that MED performed by surgeons skilled in the technique in tertiary referral centres is as effective as OD.     

经皮椎间孔内窥镜下手术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的近期疗效观察

目的:评价经皮椎间孔内窥镜下椎间盘切除术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的近期临床效果。方法:2009年9月～2010年3月应用经皮椎间孔内窥镜下椎间盘切除术治疗30例腰椎间盘突出症患者,男19例,女11例,年龄18～60岁,平均40.8岁;病程3个月～4年,平均9个月。术前患者均表现为腰痛伴单侧下肢放射性疼痛,均为单间隙突出,侧方型突出25例,旁中央型突出5例。均采用局部麻醉下手术。术前、术后不同时间对患者腰、腿痛进行VAS评分;采用Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)评估腰椎功能改善情况;术后6个月随访时采用Mac-Nab标准评价疗效。结果:30例患者均成功实施手术,手术时间55～135min,平均75min,术中出血5～30ml,平均12ml。术后第二天戴腰围下地行走。1例术后患侧膝反射减弱;1例术后腰痛缓解,出院后腿痛加重,均经保守治疗后恢复正常或症状缓解。随访6～12个月,平均9.2个月。腰痛、腿痛VAS由术前的平均6.5分、8.7分下降到术后6个月时的1.9分、1.5分,与术前比较均有显著性差异﹙P<0.01﹚。ODI由术前平均77.38%下降至术后6个月时的平均19.09%。根据MacNab标准,术后6个月时随访优10例(33.3%),良16例(53.3%),可3例(10%),差1例(3.3%),优良率86.6%。结论:经皮椎间孔内窥镜下椎间盘切除术治疗腰椎间盘突出症创伤小,并发症少,术后恢复快,近期疗效较满意。     

Percutaneous cervical nucleoplasty in the treatment of cervical disc herniation

Percutaneous disc decompression procedures have been performed in the past. Various percutaneous techniques such as percutaneous discectomy, laser discectomy, and nucleoplasty have been successful. Our prospective study was directly to evaluate the results of percutaneous cervical nucleoplasty (PCN) surgery for cervical disc herniation, and illustrate the effectiveness of PCN in symptomatic patients who had cervical herniated discs. From July of 2002 to June of 2005, 126 consecutive patients with contained cervical disc herniations have presented at the authors’ clinic and treated by PCN. The patients’ gender distribution for PCN was 65 male, 61 female. The age of patients ranged from 34 to 66 years (mean 51.9 ± 10.2 years). The levels of involvement were 21 cases at C3–4, 30 cases at C4–5, 40 cases at C5–6, and 35 cases at C6–7. The clinical outcomes, pain reduction and the segment stability were all recorded during this study. A clinical outcome was quantified by the Macnab standard and using VAS. The angular displacement (AD) ≥11° or horizontal displacement (HD) ≥3 mm was considered to be radiographically unstable. In the results of this study, puncture of the needle into the disc space was accurately performed under X-ray guidance in all cases. There was one case where the Perc-D Spine Wand had broken in the disc space during the procedure. The partial Perc-D Spine Wand, which had broken in the disc space could not be removed by the percutaneous cervical discectomy and thus remained there. There were no recurrent cases or complications in our series. Macnab standard results were excellent in 62 cases, good in 41 cases and fair in 23 cases. The rate of excellent and good was 83.73%. The VAS scores demonstrated statistically significant improvement in PCN at the 2-week, 1, 3, 6, and 12-month follow-up visits when compared to preoperational values (P < 0.01). There were no cases of instability following the PCN procedure. There was no significant difference in stability either preoperatively or postoperatively (P > 0.05). Our findings confirm that PCN for the treatment of cervical disc herniation results in a good outcome without any tampering of the stability of the cervical spine. Hence, PCN as a procedure is safe, minimally invasive, less traumatic, requiring less time with an excellent clinical outcome. PCN should be performed for those patients who fail conservative medical management including medication, physical therapy, behavioral management, psychotherapy, and who are unwilling to undergo a more invasive technique such as spinal surgery.     

腰椎间盘突出臭氧消融疗效判定的合理设计及分析

目的探讨腰椎间盘突出臭氧消融治疗术后的合理随诊计划。方法选择经CT引导下臭氧消融治疗腰椎间盘突出症患者130例,臭氧注射方法为盘内注射50～60μg/ml浓度的臭氧6～10ml,盘外（椎间孔）注射30～40μg/ml浓度的臭氧6～10ml。分别于术后1.5个月、3个月、6个月对患者进行了随访。结果本组穿刺成功率100%,无1例严重并发症发生。按MacNab腰腿痛手术评价标准分为显效/有效及无效,3个月、6个月显效/有效率与1.5个月比较有显著差异,3个月和6个月间无显著差异。结论CT引导下臭氧消融治疗腰椎间盘突出是一种安全、有效的微创方法。评价疗效的复查时间以术后3个月为佳。     

Microscopically assisted percutaneous nucleotomy,an alternative minimally invasive procedure for the operative treatment of lumbar disc herniation: preliminary results

Lumbar discectomy is one of the most frequent neurosurgical and orthopaedic procedures. In this study, a series of 43 consecutive patients operated with a minimally invasive technique referred to as "microscopically assisted percutaneous nucleotomy" (MAPN) is presented. After a follow-up period of 3 months, every patient was seen clinically, and after 12 months, telephone enquiries were performed by the first author. There were two recurrences. The results in improvement of sciatica and neurologic deficit corresponded to common microdiscectomy series with 80% excellent and good results. The MAPN method is compared with common microdiscectomy with regard to operating time, technical procedure, and especially in surgical indications. It proved to have the same effectivity in the treatment of lumbar disc herniations, however, with less approach damage. Electronic Publication     

经皮内窥镜下腰椎间盘切除术治疗复发性腰椎间盘突出症并发症的Meta分析

目的 :通过Meta分析评价经皮内窥镜下椎间盘切除术(percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy,PELD)治疗复发性腰椎间盘突出症(RLDH)的临床相关并发症发生率,评估手术安全性。方法 :计算机检索PubMed、EMbase、The Cochrane Library、CBM、WanFang Data和CNKI数据库,搜集有关PELD治疗RLDH相关并发症的临床研究,检索时限均为建库至2019年8月。由2名研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料并评价纳入研究的偏倚风险后,采用RevMan5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果:共纳入13个临床研究,包括1个随机对照试验和12个队列研究,共计患者1252例。Meta分析显示,PELD手术总体并发症[OR=0.46,95%CI(0.25,0.87),P=0.02]、硬脊膜撕裂发生率[OR=0.16,95%CI(0.05,0.56),P=0.004]低于椎板开窗髓核摘除术(P0.05),但与MED、MIS-TLIF相比,术后总体并发症发生率、硬脊膜撕裂、神经根损伤、髓核摘除不彻底发生率差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:PELD治疗复发性腰椎间盘突出症较椎板开窗髓核摘除术并发症发生率低,安全性较高,在排除影像学腰椎失稳的情况下,是一种较为安全有效的治疗手段。