重型颅脑损伤患者血清和脑脊液髓鞘碱性蛋白变？…

目的 探讨颅脑损伤患者血清和脑脊液（ＣＳＦ）中髓鞘碱性蛋白（ＭＢＰ）含量变化。方法 采用酶联免疫吸附法测定了６０例重型颅脑损伤患者的血清和ＣＳＦ中ＭＢＰ含量。结果 患者血清和ＣＳＦ中ＭＢＰ含量均增高,其上升水平与脑损伤类型及程度有关。结论同步检测血清和ＣＳＦ中ＭＢＰ含量变化,对判断颅脑损伤的程度及类型有一定实用价值。     

血清髓鞘碱性蛋白对中枢神经系统疾病的诊断价值

目的：探讨中枢神经系统（CN）疾病患者血清中髓鞘碱性蛋白（MBP）含量变化及其临床诊断价值。方法：用ELISA双抗夹心法测定了脑梗死组42例,脑出血组30例,颅脑损伤组100例,病毒性脑炎组20例,流脑组9例,脑瘤组18例,对照组50例血清MBP合董,并对其中38例脑梗死进行了恢复期的动态观察。结果：6个疾病组急性期血清MBP含量均显著高于对照组,（P值分别＜0．01,0．02,0．001,0．01,0．005,0．05）。38例脑梗死恢复期含量较急性期显著降低（P＜0．001）。结论：以上6组CNS疾病患者急性期血清MBP含量显著升高,恢复期含量降低,组织损伤越重,血清MBP含量越高,其含量的高低在一定程度上反映了脑实质损害的范围及严重程度。MBP含量是一项判断脑实质损害的特异的生化指标。     

颅脑外伤后血清、脑脊液髓鞘碱性蛋白的变化及其临床意义

目的①探讨颅脑外伤后血清、脑脊液髓鞘碱性蛋白（MBP）的变化及其意义；②探讨血清、脑脊液MBP水平与伤情、CT、颅内压（ICP）、脑灌注压（CCP）的关系。方法采用免疫组化法测定90例颅脑损伤病人伤后24h内、3d、7d时的血清、脑脊液MBP水平，并结合颅脑损伤程度、CT、ICP、CPP进行分析。结果①颅脑损伤病人血清、脑脊液MBP浓度升高的程度与脑损伤程度密切相关；②血浆、脑脊液MBP水平随ICP增加而升高，随CPP增高而降低；③血清、脑脊液MBP水平随CT图像改变而变化。结论监测血清、脑脊液MBP浓度，联合CT、ICP、CPP等指标，可更准确地判断病情。     

三七总皂苷对急性重型颅脑损伤患者血清NSE和MBP含量的影响

目的观察三七总皂苷（PNS）对急性重型颅脑损伤患者血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）和碱性髓鞘蛋白（MBP）含量的影响,为PNS用于临床颅脑损伤的治疗提供更充分的依据。方法按标准选取急性重型颅脑损伤患者82例,随机分成对照组和治疗组。对照组行常规治疗,治疗组在常规治疗的基础上加用PNS治疗。治疗前和治疗后不同时间点分别测患者血清NSE和MBP的浓度,并行格拉斯哥昏迷评分（GCS）,3个月后行格拉斯哥预后分级（GOS）,然后对所得资料进行统计学分析。结果治疗后治疗组血清NSE和MBP含量低于对照组,GCS和GOS高于对照组,差异均有显著性意义（P〈0．05）。结论PNS能降低急性重型颅脑桶伤患者血清NSE和MBP的会量．有明理治疗技某．     

急性颅脑损伤患者脑脊液和血清脑型肌酸激酶同工活性测定的比较研究

急性颅脑损伤时脑细胞内脑型肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-BB)可释放到脑脊液(CSF)和血流中,本文对急性颅脑损伤患者62例CSF和其中51例血清CK-BB活性测定结果作了比较分析,初步探讨CSF和血清CK—BB活性变化对急性颅脑损伤诊断及其酶活性改变用于判断脑损伤程度和患者预后的价值。     

脑梗死患者血清髓鞘碱性蛋白含量变化及其临床意义

目的 探讨脑梗死（CI）患者的血清髓鞘碱性蛋白（MBP）含量变化及其临床意义。方法 采用酶联免疫吸附法对32位正常人及30例CI患者血清MBP含量进行了检测。结果 CI患者血清MBP含量显著高于对照组（P＜0．01）,且血清MBP含量与脑梗死体积有一定的关系。结论 CI时血清MBP含量明显升高,且与脑实质损害程度有一定的关系;及时测定CI患者血清MBP含量对该病早期诊断及病情诊断有重要意义。     

复方黄芪注射液对急性重型颅脑损伤患者血清NSE，MBP和S-100B含量的影响

目的观察复方黄芪注射液对急性重型颅脑损伤患者血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE），髓鞘碱性蛋白（MBP）和S-100蛋白B（S-100B）含量的影响。方法按标准选取急性重型颅脑损伤患者196例，随机分成常规治疗组和黄芪治疗组两组。黄芪治疗组在常规治疗基础上加用复方黄芪注射液治疗。治疗前和治疗后不同时间点分别检测患者血清NES、MBP和S-100B浓度,并行GCS评分，3个月后行GOS评分；同时检测96例健康成人血清的NES、MBP和S-100B的浓度，然后对所得资料进行统计学分析。结果急性重型颅脑损伤患者血清的NES、MBP和S-100B的浓度均显著高于健康成年人（P〈0．05）。治疗后黄芪治疗组血清NSE、MBP和S-100B均低于常规治疗组，差异均有显著性意义（P〈0．05）。黄芪治疗组在入院时的GCS评分与常规治疗组比较无显著性差异（P〉0．05），但治疗后1周和2周其GCS评分显著高于常规治疗组（P〈0．05）。治疗3月后其GOS评分显著高于常规治疗组（P〉0．05）。结论黄芪能降低急性重型颅脑损伤患者血清NSE，MBP，S-100B含量，并能改善患者的预后。     

海洛因海绵状白质脑病的脑脊液和血清髓鞘碱性蛋白及其抗体检测及意义

目的　通过对海洛因海绵状白质脑病 (HeroinSpongiformLeukoencephalopathy ,HSLE)患者血清和脑脊液髓鞘碱性蛋白 (myelinbasicprotein ,MBP)及其抗体 (Anti MBP)检测 ,探讨MBP与HSLE的关系。方法　采用酶联免疫吸附法 (ELISA)检测 1 8例HSLE患者、2 3例Heroin成瘾者 (吸毒但无HSLE临床症状者 ) ,1 7例多发性硬化患者(MS组 )、对照组 2 0例 (NC组 )的血清以及脑脊液 (CSF)中MBP及Anti MBP水平。结果　HSLE组、MS组CSF和血清MBP均值明显高于NC组和Heroin成瘾组 (P <0 .0 5) ,HSLE组与MS组CSF、血清MBP均值无统计学差异 (P >0 .0 5) ,Heroin成瘾组血清和CSFMBP均值与NC组间无统计学差异 (P >0 .0 5) ,4组血清和CSF的Anti MBP含量差异不显著 (P >0 .0 5)。结论　HSLE患者CSF及血清中MBP含量增高 ,MBP上升水平与髓鞘损伤程度有关 ,该病的髓鞘存在病理性损害 ,以及血脑屏障 (blood brainbarrier,BBB)的通透性改变。MBP检测可作为HSLE诊断及与海洛因成瘾者鉴别诊断的重要参数 ,它在HSLE病理过程中的作用机制有待进一步研究     

不同GCS评分颅脑损伤患者血清及CSF中tau及Aβ42水平及其临床意义

目的 观察颅脑损伤患者血清及CSF中tau及Aβ42水平的变化及其意义。方法 对本院2014年7月～2016年4月收入的60例颅脑损伤患者进行血清及CSF中tau蛋白及Aβ42的表达水平检测,分析其与患者损伤程度及预后的关系。结果 和对照组相比,试验A组和B组颅脑损伤患者血清及CSF中tau蛋白水平和Aβ42水平显著升高。不同时间GCS A组患者血清及CSF中tau蛋白水平和Aβ42水平显著高于GCS B组(P<0.05)。与GCS A组相比,GCS B组GOS评分为1～3分的患者比例显著降低,GOS评分为4～5分的患者比例显著增加(P<0.05)。结论 tau蛋白水平、Aβ42表达水平与颅脑损伤密切相关,可作为颅脑损伤患者预后的重要评价指标,而且Aβ42在重型创伤性颅脑损伤患者伤后认知功能障碍的病理生理机制中可能发挥着重要作用。     

颅脑损伤后血清TNF-α和IL-10的含量变化及意义

目的 探讨急性颅脑损伤后血清肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）和白细胞介素10（IL-10）的含量变化及临床意义。方法 采用双抗体夹心ABC-ELISA方法,检测60例急性颅脑损伤患者伤后血清TNF-α和IL-10含量的变化。结果 TNF-α、IL-10在伤后早期即明显升高,并与伤情轻重呈正相关。结论 TNF-α和IL-10参与了急性颅脑损伤后的炎性反应过程,血清中TNF-α和IL-10含量在颅脑损伤后明显升高,与颅脑损伤程度呈正相关,并可能在继发性脑损害中起重要作用。     

急性脑外伤患者脑脊液髓鞘碱性蛋白水平与其损伤类型的关系

目的 探讨急性脑外伤患者脑脊液髓鞘碱性蛋白(CSF-MBP)水平与其损伤类型的关系。 方法 采用放射免疫测定法(RIA)对42例急性脑外伤患者的CSF-MBP进行测定,并测定26例非神经系统疾病患者作对照。结果 严重脑内原发性损伤患者CSF-MBP平均水平显著高于轻中度脑内原发性损伤和单纯颅内血肿者(P<0.01),单纯颅内血肿患者CSF-MBP仅伤后第5天增高;弥漫性脑损伤组CSF-MBP水平显著高于局灶性脑损伤组(P<0.01),伤后1周内持续处于高水平状态。结论 CSF-MBP的测定有助于急性脑外伤患者损伤程度及类型的判定。     

S—100B，NSE和MBP评估重型颅脑损伤预后的研究

目的 研究重型颅脑损伤后血清S—100B蛋白、神经特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)和碱性髓鞘蛋白(MBP）浓度在预后评估中的价值。方法 对2002年1月至2002年12月40例重型颅脑损伤住院病人在伤后12h内进行血清S—100B、NSE和MBP浓度检测，并结合GOS评分进行比较分析。结果 本组40例重型颅脑损伤病人伤后血清S—100B、NSE和MBP浓度均显著高于正常对照组，不同预后组之间S—100B、NSE和MBP浓度存在显著差异。分别以伤后12h血清S-100B浓度2．0μg／L、NSE浓度30ng/ml和MBP浓度10ng/ml为分界标准评估预后，S—100B评估预后的特异度为91％，敏感度72％；NSE特异度为77％，敏感度67％；MBP特异度为63％，敏感度61％。结论 伤后血清S-100B蛋白、NSE和MBP浓度对评估重型颅脑损伤预后具有较高的特异性和敏感性。而S—100B浓度在预后评估中的作用较NSE和MBP更为敏感，特异，因此可作为评估重型颅脑损伤预后的一种可靠的临床指标。     

Increased CSF Concentrations of Myelin Basic Protein After TBI in Infants and Children: Absence of Significant Effect of Therapeutic Hypothermia

Background

The objectives of this study were to determine effects of severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of myelin basic protein (MBP) and to assess relationships between clinical variables and CSF MBP concentrations.

Methods

We measured serial CSF MBP concentrations in children enrolled in a randomized controlled trial evaluating therapeutic hypothermia (TH) after severe pediatric TBI. Control CSF was obtained from children evaluated, but found not to be having CNS infection. Generalized estimating equation models and Wilcoxon Rank-Sum test were used for comparisons of MBP concentrations.

Results

There were 27 TBI cases and 57 controls. Overall mean (±SEM) TBI case MBP concentrations for 5?days after injury were markedly greater than controls (50.49?±?6.97 vs. 0.11?±?0.01?ng/ml, p?<?0.01). Mean MBP concentrations were lower in TBI patients <1?year versus >1?year (9.18?±?1.67 vs. 60.22?±?8.26?ng/ml, p?=?0.03), as well as in cases with abusive head trauma (AHT) versus non-abusive TBI (14.46?±?3.15 vs. 61.17?±?8.65?ng/ml, p?=?0.03). TH did not affect MBP concentrations.

Conclusions

Mean CSF MBP increases markedly after severe pediatric TBI, but is not affected by TH. Infancy and AHT are associated with low MBP concentrations, suggesting that age-dependent myelination influences MBP concentrations after injury. Given the magnitude of MBP increases, axonal injury likely represents an important therapeutic target in pediatric TBI.     

NSE、MBP对重型脑外伤的临床评估

目的　研究重型脑外伤后神经元特异性烯醇化酶 (neuron specific enolase,NSE)、碱性髓鞘蛋白 (myelinbasic protein,MBP)血清浓度变化 ,以期为临床重型脑外伤后脑损伤监测及预后评估提供直观的定量指标。方法　对 3 0例重型脑外伤住院患者伤后 1 2 h至第 4天进行连续血清 NSE、MBP浓度检测 ,并结合格拉斯哥预后计分 (GOS)及头颅 CT表现进行比较分析。结果　 3 0例重型脑外伤患者伤后 1 2 h血清 NSE、MBP均显著高于正常对照组 ,且与患者预后密切相关。此后 NSE、MBP浓度虽均呈下降趋势 ,但仍高于正常值 ,预后恶劣组伤后每天 NSE浓度均持续高于预后良好组 ,差异有显著性。结论　重型脑外伤后血清标记物 NSE、MBP浓度与患者预后关系密切 ,且伤后 NSE浓度动态变化对继发性脑损害评估亦有重要意义 ,其为临床救治效果及病情转归的判断提供了有效手段。     

依达拉奉对弥漫性轴索损伤患者NSE和MBP的影响及其神经保护作用

目的探讨依达拉奉对弥漫性轴索损伤(DAI)的神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)和髓鞘碱性蛋白(MBP)的影响及神经保护作用。方法选择符合诊断标准的80例患者随机分为依达拉奉治疗组和对照组,每组40例,用酶联免疫法测定两组患者治疗前及治疗后第1、3、7、14d血清及脑脊液中NSE及MBP水平,治疗后7、14d对两组患者采用格拉斯哥评分(Gcs)标准进行评分,3个月后采用格拉斯哥预后评分(Gos)判断效果。结果依达拉奉治疗组DAI患者血清及脑脊液中NSE及MBP水平显著低于对照组,而且7、14d患者GCS评分较对照组有明显改善。3个月随访GOS发现,治疗组患者预后也明显好于对照组。结论依达拉奉可明显降低DAI患者血清及脑脊液中NSE及MBP表达水平,具有明确的神经保护作用。     

Prolonged elevation of magnesium in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with severe head injury

OBJECTIVES: Several works have investigated the role of serum magnesium (Mg) concentrations in traumatic brain injury. However, there is restricted information about cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of Mg in patients with severe head injury (SHI). We assessed the changes of Mg concentrations in CSF and serum in patients with SHI during the first 10 days after the trauma. METHODS: Eleven patients with SHI were studied prospectively on days 1-3, 5 and 10 with analysis of CSF and serum levels of Mg and Ca. The control group consisted of nine patients with hydrocephalus. RESULTS: CSF levels of Mg were significantly higher in patients than controls in the corresponding time points except on days 5 and 10 of trauma. The CSF Mg levels tended to decrease and the highest level was found on day 1 after trauma (2.81 +/- 0.65 mg/dl). In the control group, the CSF level of Mg was 1.95 +/- 0.66 mg/dl. No significant difference can be detected between controls and patients regarding serum Mg and Ca levels. In addition, significantly higher values of Ca in the CSF were observed in all time points after trauma in patients with SHI than in the controls. There was no correlation between the CSF and serum levels of Mg and Ca levels. DISCUSSION: Our study demonstrates that in patients with SHI, CSF levels of Mg and Ca are elevated during the whole observation period. Further works should be designed in order to show the role and importance of CSF levels of ionized Mg in outcome of patients with SHI.     

Study of Myelin Basic Protein Associated with Pediatric Systematic Epilepsy

Objective: To investigate the quantitative myelin basic protein (MBP) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum in pediatric systematic epilepsy (SEP), study the relation between SEP and MBP, and the possibility predicating'the injury of myelin and blood-brain barrier (BBB) from pediatric SEP. Background: While tactors induced destroy of cerebral and Myelin, MBP was released out into CSF to increase its concentration. On the other hand, the BBB was involved to make serum MBP increased. The related studies had confirmed these viewpoints above. The test for quantitative MBP was recognized as the specific biochemical index, which diagnose if there is or not organic injury of cerebral and myelin. There was few reports about the studies of quantitative MBP in CSF and serum of EP, not mention to those published in domestic pediatric academia. Methods: 47 cases were studied during one month after the SEP attack, whose MBP in serum were quantitatively and 31 inside in CSF were also tested by easy MBP-ELISA method; the quantitative MBP in serum of 30 control cases and 10 in CSF were tested, too. Results: MBP values in CSF and serum of SEP pediatric patients were 2.95±0.61 ng/ml and 3.17±0.53 ng/ml; whereas 1.41 ±0.19 ng/ml and 1.30±0.04 ng/ml in control group. Both mean valves of MBP in CSF and serum in study group were significantly higher than control group (either P＜ 0.01). Discussion: In general, electrophysiological evidences supported the issue that epileptic episode was originated from abnormal electrical activities of nervous cells. Pathological studies revealed degeneration and necrosis of nerve existed in temporal epileptic focus, where there was morphological change of myelin. This study showed MBP values in CSF and serum of SEEP, during one month after attack, increased significantly; suggested there was changed component of MBP, while SEP could not be controled. Those above indicated the destroy of myelin, increasing of BBB permeability that induced its injured function. Conclusion: There were increasing values of MBP in CSF and serum in pediatric SEP, indicating a demyelinatting pathological course and injury of blood-brain barrier. The quantitative test for MBP in CSF and serum should be a reflecting biochemical index of CNS injury associated with SEP, and a prediction for its prognosis.     

Interleukin-6 and its soluble receptor in serum and cerebrospinal fluid after cerebral trauma

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and its soluble receptor (sIL-6-R) were measured in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum of 11 severely head injured patients for up to 3 weeks following trauma. IL-6 increased immediately after injury displaying much higher concentrations in CSF than in serum (n = 11). Differently, median levels of sIL-6-R remained in the normal ranges being 10 times higher in serum than in CSF. However, increased amounts over control levels were found in CSF (n = 7) and intrathecal release of sIL-6-R was also suggested (n = 7). Although no correlation with the extent of cerebral lesion or with clinical outcome was evident, elevation of sIL-6-R in CSF supports a pivotal role for IL-6/sIL-6-R complex in the injured brain.     

Prolonged elevation of magnesium in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with severe head injury

Abstract

Objectives: Several works have investigated the role of serum magnesium (Mg) concentrations in traumatic brain injury. However, there is restricted information about cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of Mg in patients with severe head injury (SHI). We assessed the changes of Mg concentrations in CSF and serum in patients with SHI during the first 10 days after the trauma.

Methods: Eleven patients with SHI were studied prospectively on days 1–3, 5 and 10 with analysis of CSF and serum levels of Mg and Ca. The control group consisted of nine patients with hydrocephalus.

Results: CSF levels of Mg were significantly higher in patients than controls in the corresponding time points except on days 5 and 10 of trauma. The CSF Mg levels tended to decrease and the highest level was found on day 1 after trauma (2.81 ± 0.65 mg/dl). In the control group, the CSF level of Mg was 1.95 ± 0.66 mg/dl. No significant difference can be detected between controls and patients regarding serum Mg and Ca levels. In addition, significantly higher values of Ca in the CSF were observed in all time points after trauma in patients with SHI than in the controls. There was no correlation between the CSF and serum levels of Mg and Ca levels.

Discussion: Our study demonstrates that in patients with SHI, CSF levels of Mg and Ca are elevated during the whole observation period. Further works should be designed in order to show the role and importance of CSF levels of ionized Mg in outcome of patients with SHI.     

Experimental axonal injury triggers interleukin-6 mRNA, protein synthesis and release into cerebrospinal fluid.

Diffuse axonal injury is a frequent pathologic sequel of head trauma, which, despite its devastating consequences for the patients, remains to be fully elucidated. Here we studied the release of interleukin-6 (IL-6) into CSF and serum, as well as the expression of IL-6 messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and protein in a weight drop model of axonal injury in the rat. The IL-6 activity was elevated in CSF within 1 hour and peaked between 2 and 4 hours, reaching maximal values of 82,108 pg/mL, and returned to control values after 24 hours. In serum, the levels of IL-6 remained below increased CSF levels and did not exceed 393 pg/mL. In situ hybridization demonstrated augmented IL-6 mRNA expression in several regions including cortical pyramidal cells, neurons in thalamic nuclei, and macrophages in the basal subarachnoid spaces. A weak constitutive expression of IL-6 protein was shown by immunohistochemical study in control brain. After injury, IL-6 increased at 1 hour and remained elevated through the first 24 hours, returning to normal afterward. Most cells producing IL-6 were cortical, thalamic, and hippocampal neurons as confirmed by staining for the neuronal marker NeuN. These results extend our previous studies showing IL-6 production in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with severe head trauma and demonstrate that neurons are the main source of IL-6 after experimental axonal injury.