多巴胺辅助治疗小儿术后并发肺炎及心力衰竭疗效观察

目的：观察多巴胺辅助治疗小儿术后并发肺炎及心力衰竭的临床疗效。方法：选择我院收治的小儿术后并发肺炎及心力衰竭50例,随机分为观察组和对照组各25例;对照组给予抗感染、强心利尿、镇咳平喘等常规治疗,观察组在常规治疗基础上加用多巴胺治疗。比较两组患儿治疗前后血压、心率、左心室射血分数、左心室舒张末期内径变化和临床疗效。结果：观察组显效19例,有效6例,总有效率100．0％;对照组显效15例,有效6例,无效4例,总有效率84．0％。两组总有效率比较,差异显著（P〈0．05）。结论：采用多巴胺辅助治疗小儿术后并发肺炎及心力衰竭疗效较好。     

下颌角封闭注射治疗小儿化脓性扁桃腺炎348例临床疗效观察

目的：观察下颌角封闭注射治疗小儿化脓性扁枕腺炎的疗效。方法：将690例化浓性扁桃腺炎患儿随机分为治疗组348例和对照组342例，两组均采用抗炎及对症治疗，治疗组加用双下颌角封闭注射(青霉素80万U稀释于0．5％的奴夫卡因3ml中，1次／d)。结果：治疗组显效276例(79．3％)，有效72例(20．7％)，总有效率100．0％；对照组显效112例(32．7％)，有效154例(45．0％)，无效76例(22．3％)，总有效率77．7％。两组比较，有非常显著差异，P＜0．01。结论：下颌角封闭注射结合常规抗炎、对症治疗儿化脓性扁桃炎疗效显著，安全、方便，值得推广。     

手法松解辅助治疗手外伤屈肌修复术后功能障碍效果观察

目的：观察手法松解辅助治疗手部屈肌修复术后功能障碍的效果。方法：选择手外伤屈肌修复术后78例，随机分为观察组及对照组各39例，对照组行常规治疗，观察组在常规治疗基础上加用手法松解辅助治疗。结果：观察组痊愈9例（23．1％），显效15例（38．5％），有效10例（25．6％），无效5例（12．8％）；对照组痊愈6例（15．4％），显效8例（20．5％），有效16例（41．O％），无效9例（23．1％）；两组比较，观察组疗效显著优于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论：手法松解辅助治疗手外伤屈肌修复术后功能障碍效果较好。     

中西医结合防治120例小儿反复上呼吸道感染临床分析

目的：观察使用中西医结合的方式治疗小儿反复呼吸道感染的疗效如何。方法选取120例患有小儿反复上呼吸道感染的儿童,并将其随机分成两组,对照组60例选择用阿昔洛韦、维生素c、利巴韦林等西药进行治疗,实验组60例使用同样的西药给药方式,同时给予小柴胡汤合玉屏风散及生脉饮治疗。比较分析两组患儿的治疗效果。结果实验组痊愈47例,显效10例,有效2例,无效1例,总有效率为95．00％,而对照组痊愈30例,显效21例,有效6例,无效3例,总有效率为85．00％。治疗组疗效优于对照组（ P＜0．05）。结论采用中西医结合的方法可以较好的防治小儿反复上呼吸道感染,是一种值得推广应用的治疗方式。     

电针加穴位注射治疗腰椎间盘突出症疗效观察

目的：观察电针加穴位注射治疗腰椎间盘突出症的疗效。方法：筛选腰椎间盘突出症98例,随机分为观察组50例和对照组48例。观察组采用电针加穴位注射治疗,对照组采用单纯中频电疗。两组均治疗2个疗程后进行疗效比较。结果：观察组显效14例（28．0％）,有效16例（32．0%）,好转19例（38．0％）,无效1例（2．0％）,总有效率98．oZ;对照组显效8例（16．7％）,有效13例（27．1％）,好转21例（43．8％）,无效6例（12．5％）,总有效率87．5％。两组总有效率比较,差异显著（P〈0．05）。结论：电针加穴位注射治疗腰椎间盘突出症疗效更显著。     

中药离子导入加理疗治疗飞行员颈椎病疗效观察

目的：观察中药离子导入加理疗，治疗飞行员神经根型颈椎病的疗效。方法：选择飞行员神经根型颈椎病98例，随机分为观察组50例及对照组48例。观察组采用中药离子导入及牵引、中频理疗等治疗；对照组除药垫不加中药外，其余治疗均同观察组。结果：观察组治愈14例（28．0％），显效17例（34．0％），有效13例（26．0％），无效6例（12．0％），总有效率88．0％；对照组治愈9例（18．89／5），显效14例（29．2％），有效10例（20．8％），无效15例（31．2％），总有效率68．8％。两组比较，差异非常显著（P〈0．01）。结论：中药离子导入加理疗治疗飞行员神经根型颈椎病，疗效满意。     

思密达治疗小儿口腔溃疡的临床疗效观察

目的：观察并探讨思密达治疗小儿口腔溃疡的临床疗效。方法将收治的81例患者按照治疗方法的不同分为观察组（n＝42）和对照组（n＝39）,观察组给予患儿思密达治疗,对照组给予患儿锡类散治疗,并观察对比两组的临床效果。结果观察组显效例数有32例,有效例数有7例,总有效率为90．48％,而对照组显效例数有8例,有效例数有21例,总有效率为74．36％,所以采取思密达治疗的观察组患儿口腔溃疡的临床疗效显著优于对照组（ P＜0．05）。结论思密达治疗小儿口腔溃疡有着显著的临床疗效,同时还具有抗酸、止血以及抑制细菌和病毒的作用,值得成为临床治疗小儿口腔溃疡的首选药物。     

鹿羊乳癖康颗粒治疗乳腺增生病636例临床观察

目的 观察鹿羊乳癖康颗粒剂对乳腺增生病患的临床治疗效果。方法 将确诊的835例乳腺增生病患随机分为鹿羊乳癖康颗粒治疗组636例，鹿羊乳癖康颗粒1袋，（相当于生药14g/袋），po,tid,28d为一疗程，平均两个疗程；乳疾灵冲剂为阳性对照组199例，乳疾灵冲剂1袋，po,tid，疗程同治疗组。结果 治疗组636例，治愈340例，显效190例，有效95例，无效11例，总有效率为98．7％；对照组199例，治愈35例，显效38例，有效61例，无效65例，总有效率为67．3％，两组比较，有非常显性差异（P＜0．001），并均未发现毒副作用。结论 鹿羊乳癖康颗粒对乳腺增生病有显的治疗效果，疗效确切，无毒副作用，且不易复发。     

神经妥乐平联合常规治疗对神经根型颈椎病疗效观察

目的：观察静脉推注神经妥乐平联合常规治疗对神经根型颈椎病的疗效。方法：选择神经根型颈椎病73例，随机分为观察组50例及对照组23例。对照组采用牵引、手法松动疗法等传统治疗；观察组在对照组治疗基础上加用静脉推注神经妥乐平治疗。以视觉模拟评分法对两组各治疗12天后的疗效进行评定。结果：观察组治愈40例（80．0％），显效8例（16．0％），好转2例（4．0％）；对照组治愈10例（43．5％），显效11例（47．8％），好转2例（8．7％）；两组比较，差异显著（P〈0．05）。结论：静脉推注神经妥乐平联合常规治疗神经根型颈椎病疗效满意。     

痰热清注射液治疗小儿急性支气管炎疗效观察

目的：探讨临床上痰热清注射液治疗小儿急性支气管炎的临床疗效和安全性。方法：选取我院收治的80例急性支气管炎患儿,并随机平均分为两组,80例患患儿均给予头孢噻肟钠抗炎及对症治疗,治疗组加用痰热清注射液静滴,对照组加用利巴韦林注射液静滴;治疗后观察两组临床疗效及症状改善情况。结果：治疗组和对照组的临床治疗总有效率分别为90．0％和72．5％,两组比较差异具有显著性（P〈0．01）。结论：痰热清注射液治疗小儿急性支气管炎临床疗效确切,安全性高,对于改善患儿临床症状、缩短治疗时间有积极意义,值得临床上推广和应用。     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.