广西痛风患者膳食模式与痛风石相关性研究

目的探讨广西农村地区痛风患者的膳食模式,分析其与痛风石患病风险的关系。方法利用2015-2016年广西痛风发病危险因素调查的379例痛风病例数据,将调查中的痛风患者根据是否有痛风石分为痛风石组(128例)和无痛风石组(251例),所有痛风患者既往食物消费量根据《中国居民膳食指南2016》推荐摄入量及实际情况进行分层,采用单因素和多因素非条件logistic回归分析方法,比较分析两组人群的膳食结构和生活方式的差异。结果无痛风石痛风病例的主食、鱼类摄入量高于痛风石组(均P0.05)。在校正了性别、职业、吸烟、痛风家族史、血尿酸水平、蔬菜、水果、畜禽肉类、蛋类、内脏和酒精摄入量因素后,壮族、痛风病程≥6年和≥9年均可增加痛风石的患病风险,OR(95%CI)分别为3.08(1.58~5.98)、3.67(1.59~8.49)和3.84(1.87~7.87);当主食摄入量≥250 g/d和水果摄入量≥100 g/d时均可降低痛风石的患病风险,OR(95%CI)分别为0.46(0.24~0.87)、0.31(0.13~0.77)。结论广西农村地区壮族、长病程(病程达6年以上者)是痛风石患病的危险因素,适量增加主食和水果摄入量可降低痛风患者罹患痛风石的风险。     

膳食、体力活动与慢性病关系的研究

目的分析膳食、体力活动与慢性病的关系。方法利用2002年中国居民营养与健康状况调查中,随机抽取的天津市3673名样本人群数据,分析膳食结构和慢性病患病率以及膳食、体力活动与超重肥胖、高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常的相对危险度。结果天津市标化超重率为38.9%,肥胖率为26.8%,高血压患病率为30.7%,血脂异常患病率为32.2%,糖尿病患病率为3.7%。膳食结构中存在的主要问题为蔬菜、水果摄入不足,油、盐摄入量超标。膳食脂肪供能比≥30%和看电视≥3h/d是危险因素,超重肥胖、高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常的OR值分别为2.04(95%CI:1.53～3.04),2.00(95%CI:1.13～3.57),2.22(95%CI:1.66～2.98),1.64(95%CI:1.18～2.31);1.89(95%CI:1.32～2.70),1.79(95%CI:1.48～2.16),1.47(95%CI:1.33～1.78)和1.45(95%CI:1.28～1.65);体育锻炼≥30min/d是保护因素,其OR值分别为0.42(95%CI:0.28～0.68),0.60(95%CI:0.40～0.89),0.50(95%CI:0.35～0.80),0.61(95%CI:0.44～0.93);每天摄入蔬菜、水果≥500g可以预防肥胖和血脂异常,OR为0.60(95%CI:0.40～0.89)和0.47(95%CI:0.30～0.72)。结论天津调查对象的膳食结构、体力活动等行为因素与高血压等慢性病有很强的联系,应加强合理膳食、适当运动的健康促进,预防和控制慢性病。     

痛风患者合并高血压现状及其相关因素分析

目的 了解痛风患者合并高血压的现状,并分析其相关影响因素,为降低痛风合并高血压的患病风险提供科学依据。 方法 采用横断面研究的方法,收集2020年4月—2021年2月来自四川省成都市某风湿专科医院的581例痛风患者,调查其一般人口学特征、生活饮食行为方式,并对其进行体格检查及实验室指标检测。组间差异比较采用检验（或Fisher 精确概率法）,痛风患者合并高血压的相关因素分析采用logistic回归模型,检验水准α= 0.05。 结果 581例痛风患者合并高血压者251例（43.2%）。男性567例（97.6%）,女性14例（2.4%）。单因素分析结果显示,痛风患者合并高血压组与未合并高血压组的年龄、BMI、婚姻状况、痛风病程、痛风类型、痛风石、高强度体力活动、中等强度体力活动、胆固醇（CHOL）、肾小球滤过率（eGFR）、豆类及其制品摄入、红肉摄入、油炸食品摄入、甜品摄入、肉汤摄入的差异有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）。多因素分析结果显示,年龄（与＜40岁相比,40～49岁:OR = 3.41,95%CI:1.64～7.06;50～59岁:OR = 2.93,95%CI:1.28～6.68; ≥60岁:OR = 8.00,95%CI:2.75～23.29）、BMI（与18.5～23.9 kg/m2相比,≥28.0 kg/m2:OR = 3.69, 95%CI:1.96～6.98）、痛风病程（与＜1年相比,≥10年:OR = 2.38,95%CI:1.04～5.40）、CHOL（与＜5.2 mmol/L相比,5.2～6.19mmol/L:OR = 2.51, 95%CI:1.37～4.68）可能为痛风合并高血压的危险因素;饮茶（OR = 0.54,95%CI:0.32～0.93）、禽肉摄入（与≤1次/周相比,≥3次/周:OR = 0.45, 95%CI:0.26～0.79）可能为痛风合并高血压的保护因素。 结论 胆固醇水平较高、肥胖、痛风病程较长且年龄超过40岁可能为痛风合并高血压的独立危险因素。建议痛风患者坚持定期体检,适当增加体力活动,积极控制体重,改善膳食结构,增加优质动物蛋白摄入和适量饮茶。临床医生对痛风患者的日常诊疗中应加强对血脂、血压等指标监测,有利于预防和减缓痛风合并高血压的发生。     

结直肠癌与膳食纤维相关饮食因素病例对照研究

目的探讨膳食纤维相关饮食因素与结直肠癌发病风险之间的关系。方法 2013年12月—2015年12月以福建省肿瘤医院、福建医科大学附属协和医院和附属第一医院确诊的结直肠癌患者200例为病例组,同时选择与之在年龄、性别、地区等相匹配的健康居民200人作为对照组。运用1:1匹配病例对照研究,采用半定量食物频率调查问卷对调查对象进行面对面流行病学调查。结果最近1年摄入甘薯纤维量(0.030~0.313 g/d OR=0.159,95%CI=0.042~0.608)、10年前摄入甘薯膳食纤维量(0.091~0.904 g/d OR=0.050,95%CI=0.009~0.269;0.904 g/d OR=0.186,95%CI=0.043~0.809)、地瓜干膳食纤维量(0.002 g/d OR=0.336,95%CI=0.177~0.628)、豆制品膳食纤维量(0.966~1.481 g/d OR=0.233,95%CI=0.079~0.681;1.481 g/d OR=0.043,95%CI=0.011~0.169)、性格类型(非A非B型性格OR=0.089,95%CI=0.025~0.319;B型性格OR=0.253,95%CI=0.080~0.800)是结直肠癌发病的保护因素;牛羊肉(1.645~14.247 g/d OR=10.025,95%CI=1.970~51.020;14.247 g/d OR=9.178,95%CI=1.386~60.791)、静态时间长(6~10 h OR=7.968,95%CI=1.901~33.402;10 h OR=21.225,95%CI=3.966~113.600)是结直肠癌发病的危险因素。结论膳食纤维具有预防结直肠癌的作用,在日常生活中应注意调整饮食结构和生活方式。     

痛风前后膳食模式变化与痛风关系研究

目的 探讨痛风前后膳食模式变化与痛风关系。方法 采用频数匹配1∶1病例对照研究方法,共调查379对。询问调查收集研究对象的基本信息、饮酒、疾病史,测量身高体重,食物频率法收集病例组痛风前1年和痛风后现在1年的食物消费情况,以及对照组现在1年的食物消费情况。结果 痛风前、痛风后膳食模式构成比差异有统计学意义（χ2 = 41.241, P＜0.01）。多分类logistic回归分析发现,在控制吸烟、痛风家族史、BMI后,无痛风石组膳食模式与对照相比,痛风前、痛风后蔬菜水果膳食模式相对于饮酒或高蛋白膳食模式均是保护因素,OR值分别为0.6（95%CI,0.4～0.9）和0.6（95%CI,0.4～0.9）。无痛风石组、有痛风石组与对照相比,蔬菜水果膳食模式保持不变相对于痛风前后变化或维持不好的膳食模式均是保护因素, OR值分别为0.2（95%CI,0.1～0.4）、0.3(95%CI,0.2～0.5）。结论 痛风前后的膳食模式及变化均与痛风有关,蔬菜水果模式有利于降低痛风的风险。     

饮酒与肺癌发病关联的Meta分析

目的探讨饮酒与肺癌的关系。方法全面检索相关文献,应用Meta分析方法对各研究进行数据合并与分析。结果纳入合并分析的文章共21篇,其中队列研究6篇,随访人数累计122288例,病例3053例;病例对照研究15篇,累计病例8838例,对照21591例。Meta分析饮酒与肺癌合并OR值为1.17(95%CI:0.96～1.42);男、女饮酒合并OR值分别为1.67(95%CI:0.61～4.59)和0.93(95%CI:0.51～1.68);男性饮啤酒合并OR值为1.46(95%CI:1.28～1.67);饮烈酒合并OR值为1.34(95%CI:1.02～1.74);饮酒≥7次/周与肺癌呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论饮用啤酒、烈酒和经常饮酒与肺癌有统计学关联。     

膳食因素对子宫肌瘤的影响

目的 探讨膳食因素对子宫肌瘤的影响.方法 采用以医院为基础的病例-对照研究,收集子宫肌瘤患者100例(病例组),选择同期无子宫肌瘤的妇科患者以及体检者100例(对照组).采用非条件Logistic回归分析子宫肌瘤相关因素的OR值及其95%CI.结果 每周摄取700～1049 g水果,患子宫肌瘤风险降低73.9%(OR=0.261,95%CI 0.092～0.739);当体重指数≥23.80 kg/m2,相对体重指数<20.00 kg/m2患子宫肌瘤的风险增加4.619倍(OR=4.619,95%CI1.314～16.236).结论 子宫肌瘤的发生可能与膳食因素有关.     

苏州市高血压患者膳食纤维摄入现状及与血压的关系

目的 本研究旨在了解高血压患者膳食纤维摄入与其血压控制的关系,为高血压患者开展针对性的营养干预提供依据。方法 于2019年3—10月选取符合纳入标准的240例高血压患者进行调查,运用一般资料调查表收集高血压患者的人口学资料及临床资料;运用3 d饮食日记收集患者日常饮食情况,并通过营养软件计算患者膳食纤维摄入量;收集患者的3 d血压,取其平均值。结果 高血压患者膳食纤维摄入水平较低,膳食纤维摄入量为（10.17±4.38）g/d,远低于膳食纤维最低推荐量（25 g/d）。调整混杂因素后,膳食纤维摄入量是高血压患者收缩压（B = - 0.362, P＜0.001, OR = 0.696, 95%CI: 0.606～0.799）和舒张压（B = - 0.132, P = 0.016, OR = 0.876, 95%CI: 0.787～0.976）控制的保护因素。结论 高血压患者膳食纤维摄入严重不足,是高血压患者血压控制不佳的重要影响因素。应加强膳食纤维与血压关系的宣教,增加膳食纤维的摄入,从而帮助控制该人群的血压。     

北京某高校女大学新生贫血状况及影响因素分析

目的 了解北京某高校女大学新生贫血患病情况及影响因素,为更好地干预与改善其贫血状况提供依据。方法 采用整群随机抽样法选择北京某高校1 128名2022级女大学新生作为研究对象,调查其基本信息及过去1年内的生活方式,收集新生入学体检结果,采用二元logistic回归分析女大学新生贫血的影响因素。结果 女大学新生贫血患病率为15.96%,无中度及重度贫血。禽畜肉类摄入≥3次/d(OR=0.512,95%CI:0.317～0.827)为女大学新生贫血的保护因素,生源地区为西部（OR=1.603,95%CI:1.074～2.391）、油炸食品摄入≥1次/周（OR=1.729,95%CI:1.239～2.412）为女大学新生贫血的危险因素。结论 生源地区及膳食摄入情况是影响女大学新生贫血的患病因素,应加强对生源为西部省份女生贫血问题的关注,帮助学生养成科学的膳食习惯,以预防高校女生贫血。     

痛风患者骨侵蚀检出现状及相关因素分析

目的 了解痛风患者发生骨侵蚀现状,并分析其发生相关的影响因素,为痛风患者骨侵蚀的预防与诊疗提供支持。方法 选取2020年4月至2021年2月于四川省成都市某风湿专科医院确诊的痛风患者513例,调查并测量其基本特征、健康状况、行为生活方式与临床指标,通过影像学检查判断患者是否发生骨侵蚀。采用多因素logistic回归模型分析骨侵蚀发生的相关因素,检验水准α=0.05。结果 513例痛风患者中241例发生骨侵蚀,检出率为46.98%。年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、痛风病程、过去一年的痛风发作次数、高血压、血尿酸（SUA）、血尿素氮（BUN）、血肌酐（SCr）、胱抑素C（Cys-C）、甘油三酯（TG）、总蛋白（STP）、坚果类摄入、豆类及其制品摄入以及牛羊肉摄入在发生骨侵蚀与未发生骨侵蚀的痛风患者间存在差异（均P＜0.05）。多因素分析结果显示,病程（与≤1年相比,6~10年:OR=10.753,95%CI:2.687~43.030;≥11年:OR=31.114,95%CI:7.907~122.438）、过去一年痛风发作次数（与≤3次相比,≥7次:OR=2.347,95%CI:1.201~4.587）、SUA（与＜237.9μmol/L相比,475.8~594.7μmol/L:OR=13.934,95%CI:1.278~151.971;≥594.8μmol/L:OR=24.010,95%CI:2.130~270.615）、BUN（与3.2~7.1mmol/L相比,＞7.1mmol/L:OR=2.243,95%CI:1.178~4.271）、豆类及其制品摄入（与≤1次/周相比,≥3次/周:OR=5.955,95%CI:2.369~14.974）可能是痛风患者发生骨侵蚀的危险因素;文化程度（与小学及以下相比,本科及以上:OR=0.225,95%CI:0.090~0.564）可能是痛风患者发生骨侵蚀的保护因素。结论 痛风患者的骨侵蚀检出率较高。病程、近一年痛风发作次数、SUA、BUN以及豆类及其制品摄入可能是发生骨侵蚀的危险因素,提示临床医生应针对以上因素采取早期干预措施,减少痛风患者骨侵蚀的发生,改善痛风患者的预后。     

Effects of diet, physical activity and performance, and body weight on incident gout in ostensibly healthy, vigorously active men

BACKGROUND: Physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness are not currently recognized as factors related to preventing gout, nor are risk factors for gout in physically active men well understood. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to identify risk factors for gout in ostensibly healthy, vigorously active men. DESIGN: Incident self-reported gout was compared with baseline diet, body mass index (BMI; in kg/m(2)), physical activity (in km/d run), and cardiorespiratory fitness (in m/s during 10-km footrace) prospectively in 28,990 male runners. RESULTS: Men (n = 228; 0.79%) self-reported incident gout during 7.74 y of follow-up. The risk of gout increased with higher alcohol intake [per 10 g/d; relative risk (RR): 1.19; 95% CI: 1.12, 1.26; P < 0.0001], meat consumption (per servings/d; RR: 1.45; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.92; P = 0.002), and BMI (RR: 1.19; 95% CI: 1.15, 1.23; P < 0.0001) and declined with greater fruit intake (per pieces/d; RR: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.62, 0.84; P < 0.0001), running distance (per km/d; RR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.88, 0.97; P < 0.001), and fitness (per m/s; RR: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.41, 0.75; P < 0.0001). The RR per 10 g alcohol/d consumed as wine (1.27; P = 0.002), beer (1.19; P < 0.0001), and mixed drinks (1.13; P = 0.18) was not significantly different from each other. Men who consumed > 15 g alcohol/d had 93% greater risk than abstainers, and men who averaged > 2 pieces fruit/d had 50% less risk than those who ate < 0.5 fruit/d. Risk of gout was 16-fold greater for BMI > 27.5 than < 20. Compared with the least active or fit men, those who ran > or = 8 km/d or > 4.0 m/s had 50% and 65% lower risk of gout, respectively. Lower BMI contributed to the risk reductions associated with distance run and fitness. CONCLUSION: These findings, based on male runners, suggest that the risk of gout is lower in men who are more physically active, maintain ideal body weight, and consume diets enriched in fruit and limited in meat and alcohol.     

河南省郑州市居民痛风相关危险因素的病例对照研究

摘要:目的　了解河南省郑州市居民痛风相关危险因素,为痛风预防控制措施的制定提供科学依据。方法　采用非配对病例对照研究的方法,于2013年 1月-2014年1月在郑州市随机选取5家医院内分泌及风湿科门诊确诊的87例痛风患者作为病例,同时,选取年龄相近、同民族、同一时间在相应医院就诊的87例胃肠炎患者作为对照,进行社会人口学及饮食生活习惯的问卷调查,相关生化指标和基因多态性测定,并进行多重Logistic 回归分析。结果　与对照组相比较,病例组体质指数、血胆固醇、甘油三酯含量,血尿酸含量,空腹血糖浓度及血压均明显增高（P＜0.05）,多元Logistic 回归结果表明,有高尿酸血症/痛风家族史,喝啤酒量较大,经常食用动物内脏、浓肉汤、豆制品者,尿酸盐转运子1（URAT1）rs3825018（G/T）G等位基因、脂肪量与肥胖相关基因（FTO）rs17817449（G/T）G等位基因是痛风发生的危险因素,Toll样受体4（TLR4）rs2149356（G/T）G等位基因是痛风发生的保护因素。结论　郑州市居民痛风发生的危险因素涉及饮食习惯、血脂、血糖、血压指标以及遗传基因多态性等多个方面,在痛风的预防及治疗中应采取综合防控措施。     

Meat consumption and risk of stomach cancer in Uruguay: a case-control study

We previously reported an association between meat intake and stomach cancer in Uruguay: in that analysis, we did not control for total energy intake. To better study the relationship between intake of meat and meat constituents and gastric cancer, we conducted a further case-control study including 123 cases and 282 controls who were enrolled between September 1997 and August 1999. Total meat intake (highest tertile) was associated with an odds ratio (OR) of 4.6 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.3-9.0]. After adjustment for total energy intake and intake of proteins and total fat by the residuals method, the OR was 1.7 (95% CI = 0.7-4.0). The energy-adjusted OR for high intake of processed meat was 1.9 (95% CI = 1.1-3.5). Intake of fried, barbecued, and salted meat and 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenyl-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine was not associated with risk of gastric cancer. The energy-adjusted OR of high intake of nitrosodimethylamine was 1.5 (95% CI = 0.9-2.8). These results suggest that, in a country with elevated meat consumption, total energy intake and intake of proteins and fat are powerful confounders in the relationship between meat intake and gastric cancer risk. However, a modest independent effect of meat, in particular of processed meat, is suggested.     

痛风患者痛风石形成现状及相关因素分析

目的 了解痛风患者痛风石检出现状,并探讨其形成的相关因素,为痛风患者个性化综合诊疗提供参考。 方法 收集四川省成都市某风湿专科医院2020年4月至2021年2月间的原发性痛风患者508例,调查其饮食行为情况和测量临床指标。痛风石形成相关因素分析采用logistic回归模型,检验水准α=0.05。 结果 508例痛风患者中合并皮下痛风石267例(52.56%),其中男性264例(98.88%),女性3例(1.12%)。单因素分析结果显示,年龄、婚姻状况、痛风病程、高血压、血尿酸、肾小球滤过率、非结合胆红素、总蛋白、血尿素氮、豆类及其制品摄入、坚果类摄入、动物内脏类食物摄入与痛风石形成有关(均P＜0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,乳类及其制品摄入(与＜1次/周相比,≥4次/周:OR=0.253,95%CI:0.065～0.986)、蛋类摄入(与≤2次/周相比,3～5次/周:OR=0.522,95%CI:0.313～0.871)为痛风石形成的保护因素; 痛风病程(与＜1年相比,5～9年:OR=11.106,95%CI:2.263～54.492; ≥10年:OR=40.476,95%CI:8.197～199.876)、血尿酸水平(与＜40.0 mg/L相比,≥100.0 mg/L:OR=5.512,95%CI:1.283～23.674)、豆类及其制品摄入(与≤1次/周相比,≥3次/周:OR=3.078,95%CI:1.260～7.522)、动物内脏类摄入(与＜1次/月相比, 1～3次/月:OR=2.301,95%CI:1.155～4.585; >6次/月:OR=3.364,95%CI:1.239～9.134)为痛风石形成的危险因素。 结论 痛风病程较长且血尿酸水平较高的痛风患者,豆类及其制品、动物内脏类食物摄入频率较高者易形成皮下痛风石。建议痛风患者尽早接受治疗,控制血尿酸水平; 减少动物内脏类、豆类食品摄入,适当增加蛋类、乳类及其制品摄入; 临床医师对痛风患者诊疗时关注其饮食行为情况,帮助患者预防或延缓痛风石形成。     

Diet and prostatic cancer: A case‐control study in northern Italy

The relationship between intake of various indicator foods and beverages and risk of prostatic cancer was assessed in 271 cases of prostatic cancer and 685 hospital controls recruited in two areas of northern Italy, the province of Pordenone and the greater Milan area. Increased risks were found for more frequent intake of meat [odds ratio (OR) in the highest vs. lowest consumption fertile = 1.4, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.0–2.0], milk (OR = 1.6, 95% CI 1.1–2.4), fresh fruit (OR = 1.4, 95% CI 1.0–2.1), and vegetables (OR = 1.4, 95% CI 0.9–2.2). After allowance for the reciprocal confounding effect of various dietary habits, only frequent intake of milk seemed to be a significant independent indicator of prostatic cancer risk. There was also a clue that the unfavorable influence of frequent intake of a few food items (i.e., meat, fish, liver, ham and salami, milk and butter, and retinol) may be greater or restricted to older individuals (i.e., ≥70 yrs of age). In conclusion, the present study confirms the presence of a moderate adverse effect of high intake of foods of animal origin, chiefly milk, while it suggests that a diet rich in fresh fruit and vegetables does not convey a protection.     

Diet and prostatic cancer: a case-control study in northern Italy.

The relationship between intake of various indicator foods and beverages and risk of prostatic cancer was assessed in 271 cases of prostatic cancer and 685 hospital controls recruited in two areas of northern Italy, the province of Pordenone and the greater Milan area. Increased risks were found for more frequent intake of meat [odds ratio (OR) in the highest vs. lowest consumption tertile = 1.4, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.0-2.0], milk (OR = 1.6, 95% CI 1.1-2.4), fresh fruit (OR = 1.4, 95% CI 1.0-2.1), and vegetables (OR = 1.4, 95% CI 0.9-2.2). After allowance for the reciprocal confounding effect of various dietary habits, only frequent intake of milk seemed to be a significant independent indicator of prostatic cancer risk. There was also a clue that the unfavorable influence of frequent intake of a few food items (i.e. meat, fish, liver, ham and salami, milk and butter, and retinol) may be greater or restricted to older individuals (i.e., > or = 70 yrs of age). In conclusion, the present study confirms the presence of a moderate adverse effect of high intake of foods of animal origin, chiefly milk, while it suggests that a diet rich in fresh fruit and vegetables does not convey a protection.     

Factors associated with sugar-sweetened beverage intake among United States high school students

This cross-sectional study examined associations of demographic characteristics, weight status, availability of school vending machines, and behavioral factors with sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake, both overall and by type of SSB, among a nationally representative sample of high school students. The 2010 National Youth Physical Activity and Nutrition Study data for 11,209 students (grades 9-12) were used. SSB intake was based on intake of 4 nondiet beverages [soda, other (i.e., fruit-flavored drinks, sweetened coffee/tea drinks, or flavored milk), sports drinks, and energy drinks]. Nationwide, 64.9% of high school students drank SSB ≥1 time/d, 35.6% drank SSB ≥2 times/d, and 22.2% drank SSB ≥3 times/d. The most commonly consumed SSB was regular soda. Factors associated with a greater odds for high SSB intake (≥3 times/d) were male gender [OR = 1.66 (95% CI = 1.41,1.95); P < 0.05], being non-Hispanic black [OR = 1.87 (95% CI = 1.52, 2.29); P < 0.05], eating at fast-food restaurants 1-2 d/wk or eating there ≥3 d/wk [OR = 1.25 (95% CI = 1.05, 1.50); P < 0.05 and OR = 2.94 (95% CI = 2.31, 3.75); P < 0.05, respectively] and watching television >2 h/d [OR = 1.70 (95% CI = 1.44, 2.01); P < 0.05]. Non-Hispanic other/multiracial [OR = 0.67 (95% CI = 0.47, 0.95); P < 0.05] and being physically active ≥60 min/d on <5 d/wk were associated with a lower odds for high SSB intake [OR = 0.85 (95% CI = 0.76, 0.95); P < 0.05]. Weight status was not associated with SSB intake. Differences in predictors by type of SSB were small. Our findings of significant associations of high SSB intake with frequent fast-food restaurant use and sedentary behaviors may be used to tailor intervention efforts to reduce SSB intake among high-risk populations.     

中国人群饮酒与代谢综合征发病关系的前瞻性研究

目的研究我国成年人饮酒状况对代谢综合征（MS）发病的影响。方法本项目为前瞻性队列研究。2007至2008年对分别于1998和2000年基线调查的中国心血管病流行病学多中心协作研究35～74岁的27020例队列人群开展随访调查。结果基线14572例非MS人群经8年随访,共发生MS2362例。在调整了年龄、南北方、城乡、受教育程度、体力活动、吸烟、体质指数以及MS组分数后,和不饮酒者相比,男性饮酒者发生MS的相对危险度（RR）为1．24（95％CI：1．06～1．45）,人群归因危险度为10．13％;每日摄入酒精量10．1～20g,20．1—40g,〉40g组的RR分别为1．36（95％CI：1．02～1．82）,1．34（95％CI：1．03—1．74）和1．41（95％CI：1．13,～1．77）;每周饮酒2～5次和／〉6次的RR分别为1．25（95％CI：1．01～1．55）和1．26（95％CI：1．04～1．52）;只喝啤酒组、只喝白酒组和混合饮酒组的RR分别为1．60（95％CI：1．05～2．45）、1．30（95％CI：1．02～1．65）和1．27（95％CI：1．06～1．52）。女性每日摄入酒精量在10．1～20g组和〉20g组RR分别为2．67（95％CI：1．26—5．65）和2．38（95％CI：1．35—4．22）。结论在全人群中,每13摄入酒精量〉10g就会显著增加MS发病风险,在女性中尤为明显。男性每周饮酒≥2次以及只饮啤酒、只饮白酒和混合饮酒者均明显升高MS的发病风险。为减少MS的流行,应提倡限制酒精过量摄入,尤其女性更应限制酒精摄入量（≤10g／d）。