脉冲Nd:YAG激光促进氟保护漆治疗牙齿敏感症临床观察

目的　观察脉冲Nd :YAG激光促进氟保护漆治疗牙齿敏感症的临床疗效。方法　用计算机程序控制脉冲Nd :YAG激光照射经涂一层氟保护漆的牙齿敏感症患牙 ,并分别与单纯涂一层氟保护漆或单纯脉冲Nd :YAG激光照射的疗效相比较。结果　涂氟保护漆加脉冲Nd :YAG激光照射治疗牙齿敏感症优于单纯涂保护漆或单纯脉冲Nd :YAG激光照射 ,疗效有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　涂氟保护漆和脉冲Nd :YAG激光照射的联合应用是一种治疗牙齿敏感症较为有效的手段     

不同氟离子导入条件对牙本质小管的封闭作用

目的通过体外实验研究导人氟离子的不同条件对牙本质小管封闭的效果。方法制备牙本质模型45个,每组5个共9组,其中正常牙本质组仅用打磨处理,其余8组模型用6％柠檬酸酸蚀后,除1个脱矿组之外,7个再矿化组用NF-Ⅱ型护齿仪在不同的电流、时间利NaF浓度下进行氟离子导入处理。扫描电镜观察各组牙本质模型表面及纵断面的形貌,将观测结果进行统计分析;另外,对钙、磷元素含量进行能量色散X射线分析。结果脱矿组大部分牙本质小管开放,再矿化组牙本质小管内可见明显的矿化物沉积,各组的牙本质小管面积和相对面积有显著性差异（P〈0．05）;而能量色散X射线分析显示脱矿组与再矿化各组表面钙磷比无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。结论NF-Ⅱ型护齿仪的氟离子导入对于牙本质小管有一定封闭作用,在本实验条件下,牙本质再矿化的最佳电流为0．1mA或0．3mA,最佳时间为6min,最佳的NaF浓度为1％。     

Nd:YAP激光联合宝氟锐脱敏剂对牙本质小管封闭效果的研究

目的:比较Nd:YAP激光、宝氟锐脱敏剂以及联合使用对牙本质小管封闭效果.方法:选择牙体完整且无龋坏的第三恒磨牙制备50个牙本质过敏症模型,随机分为5组(n=10):A组(空白对照组),B组(宝氟锐组),C组(Nd:YAP激光组),D组(Nd:YAP激光+宝氟锐组),E组(宝氟锐+Nd:YAP激光组),各组样本分别处理...     

脉冲Nd：YAG激光联合3M粘接剂对牙本质小管封闭作用的体外研究

目的：探讨脉冲Nd：YAG激光与3M粘接剂联合应用对牙本质小管封闭作用。方法：扫描电镜下观察脉冲Nd：YAG激光照射及脉冲Nd：YAG激光与3M粘接剂联合应用后,牙本质小管的形态学变化。结果：激光组牙本质表面小管口部分熔融封闭,联合应用组牙本质表面熔融,有白色均质样物质附着,部分牙本质小管口的形态模糊不清;纵断面激光组牙本质小管内呈现不规则的熔融改变,深度不深;联合组牙本质小管内可见明显树脂突,且深度较长。结论：激光与3M粘接剂联合应用具有良好的牙本质小管封闭作用。     

脉冲Nd：YAG激光照射对牙本质通透性的影响

本实验用不同能量参数的脉冲Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ激光；分别照射牙本质窝洞底部，电镜观察和测定牙本质通透性，研究激光对牙本质的作用，初步探讨Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ激光脱敏的机制。结果显示：０．６Ｗ（４０ｍＪ、１５Ｈｚ）组的牙本质通透性与对照组无统计学差异；０．９Ｗ（６０ｍＪ、１５Ｈｚ）和１．２Ｗ（８０ｍＪ，１５Ｈｚ）组的牙本质通透性明显增加。ＳＥＭ示所有激光组牙本质融熔、牙本质小管口模糊不清，洞底小管口部分被融熔物质阻塞。提示Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ激光脱敏，可能存在其他的生物学脱敏机制。     

不同染液对Nd：YAG激光封闭牙本质小管效果的影响

目的：观察不同染液对Nd：YAG激光封闭牙本质小管效果的影响。方法：取4个新鲜拔除的第一恒磨牙,用低速金刚砂盘水平去除冠部牙釉质并暴露牙本质后,在每个牙本质样本的表面各划分出4个面积为2 mm ×3 mm的操作区（共16个区域）;分别用EDTA进行表面处理后,将16个区随机分配到4个组中（n＝4）,其中不涂染液直接激光照射的样本为对照,其他3组样本分别涂20 g／L甲基紫、墨汁、20 g／L亚甲蓝后,用Nd：YAG激光以120 mJ、5 Hz（对应的激光能量密度为200 J／cm2）扫描式照射各操作区20 s;然后常规制备SEM标本,在SEM下观察,同时采集1500×和3000×视野下的典型图像,分别用于计算各组牙本质小管的封闭率和测量小管口的直径。结果：对照组、20 g／L甲基紫组、墨汁组、20 g／L亚甲蓝组的牙本质小管封闭率分别为（10．01±1．71）％、（2．72±0．70）％、（11．18±2．34）％、（36．14±6．30）％,各组间两两相比P＜0．05;小管口直径（μm）分别为2．75±0．26、3．25±0．24、1．61±0．13、1．32±0．14,各组间两两相比 P＜0．05。结论：20 g／L 亚甲蓝染液能明显增强Nd：YAG激光对牙本质小管的封闭作用。     

氟钾酚醛树脂脱敏剂封闭牙本质小管的扫描电镜观察

目的 通过扫描电镜观察,探讨新型脱敏剂氟钾酚醛树脂对牙本质小管的封闭作用及其抗洗刷能力,为其用于临床脱敏治疗提供理论依据.方法 收集36颗无龋坏、无缺损、新鲜离体正畸前磨牙,制备成牙本质盘标本,随机分为A、B、C3组,每组12颗,A组不做处理,B组和C组分别使用酚醛树脂液和氟钾酚醛树脂液对暴露的牙本质表面进行处理.每组取4颗牙进行刷牙实验,然后劈开离体牙,用扫描电镜分别对牙本质表面和纵剖面进行观察,并用Image-proplus 6.0图像分析软件量化分析.结果 B组和C组标本均能在牙本质表面形成有效封闭,2组间的牙本质小管面积及相对面积差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),并且2组脱敏剂都能渗入牙本质小管内达一定深度,C组渗入深度明显大于B组(P＜0.05),刷牙试验后,C组牙本质表面的封闭性明显优于B组(P＜0.05).结论 酚醛树脂脱敏剂和氟钾酚醛树脂脱敏剂都能取得封闭牙本质小管的效果,而氟钾酚醛树脂脱敏剂的封闭性和抗洗刷能力更强.     

釉质粘结剂封闭牙本质小管的扫描电镜研究

在扫描电镜下可看到磨损的牙冠表面出现较多的牙本质小管开口,并与表面垂直。经过釉质粘结剂处理后,开放的牙本质小管部分或全部被树脂突样结构阻塞,封闭牙本质小管,从而可能阻断外界刺激,起到脱敏的效果。     

氟钼酸铵溶液对牙本质小管封闭作用的观察

目的观察10%氟钼酸铵溶液对牙本质小管的封闭作用,探讨氟钼酸铵溶液治疗牙本质敏感症的可能机制.方法应用牙本质渗透实验及扫描电镜技术对21颗离体牙分别用10%氟钼酸铵溶液、去离子水及38%氟化氨银溶液处理,观察氟钼酸铵溶液局部应用不同作用时间牙本质小管封闭情况.结果10%氟钼酸铵与38%氟化氨银均可封闭牙本质小管,其封闭效果随作用时间的延长而增强.结论10%氟钼酸铵溶液有明显封闭牙本质小管作用,且随作用时间延长而增加.     

Nd：YAG激光对Dyract复合体充填微渗漏的影响

目的　观察Nd :YAG激光照射洞缘牙釉质对复合体Dyract充填微渗漏的影响。方法　新鲜拔除的完整离体牙 5 0颗 ,随机分为实验组 ( 2 6颗 )和对照组 ( 2 4颗 )。在样本牙的颊舌面制备V类洞 ,对照组常规完成Dyract充填 ,实验组用Nd :YAG激光照射洞缘牙釉质后再行Dyract充填。所有样本经冷热循环处理后 ,再进行微渗漏实验。用体视显微镜和SEM观察并拍照记录。结果　激光光蚀组充填体边缘微渗漏比对照组明显低 (P <0 .0 5 )。微渗漏实验与扫描电镜观察结果一致。结论　Nd :YAG激光的光蚀作用有助于增强复合体Dyract与牙体组织的结合 ,改善边缘封闭 ,减少微渗漏 ,有利于充填成功     

The combined occluding effect of sodium fluoride varnish and Nd:YAG laser irradiation on human dentinal tubules.

Various methods and materials used in the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity are thought to achieve a therapeutic benefit by tubule occlusion. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the combined occluding effect of sodium fluoride varnish and Nd:YAG laser irradiation on human dentinal tubules. Thirty-six dentin specimens with exposed dentinal tubule orifices were used in this study. The samples were randomly divided into four groups. Groups A, B, and C were varnished by sodium fluoride, whereas group D served as a control. Then, group C was lased by 30 mJ of Nd:YAG laser, 10 pulses/s for 2 min by light painting. Three hours later, groups B and C were brushed by an electrical toothbrush for 30 min. Under SEM observation, the control group showed numerous exposed dentinal tubule orifices, and the sodium fluoride varnished specimens showed closure of exposed dentinal tubule orifices. After electrical toothbrushing, most of the sodium fluoride varnish was brushed away, except in the specimens that were irradiated by Nd:YAG laser. Over 90% of the dentinal tubule orifices were occluded by sodium fluoride varnish combined with Nd:YAG laser irradiation.     

Nd:YAG激光对不同充填材料牙本质边缘微渗漏的影响

目的 评价Nd:YAG激光对不同充填材料与牙本质之间边缘微渗漏的影响。方法 选用人离体前磨牙36颗,制备V类洞,随机分为激光组和对照组,激光组使用80 rnJ、10 Hz脉冲Nd:YAG激光照射后,分别用全酸蚀粘接树脂、自酸蚀粘接树脂和玻璃离子充填洞型,对照组不使用激光,同样用如前所述的3种材料充填洞型。将所有标本浸泡在2%亚甲基蓝溶液中24 h后,用金刚砂片从颊舌向通过充填物中央纵向切开牙体,显微镜下观察龈壁染料渗透的深度。采用SAS8.0软件对数据进行统计学处理。结果 经Nd:YAG激光照射后尽管3种材料与牙本质之间微渗漏程度均有降低趋势,但只有玻璃离子组激光照射后较未照射组微渗漏降低具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 脉冲Nd:YAG激光照射牙本质壁,在一定程度上可能会减少玻璃离子充填材料与洞壁的微渗漏。     

Nd：YAG激光在狗牙切髓术中的应用

目的：观察Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ激光照射狗牙牙髓后的变化，了解Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ激光照射条件与牙髓反应的关系。方法：肉眼及组织病理学切片法。结果：接受每秒１０个脉冲、输出能量５０ｍＪ照射的牙，术后早期，创伤牙髓的愈合优于对照组；术后２８ｄ及８４ｄ有程度不同的牙本质桥形成，根部牙髓无明显异常，组织学疗效评价均成功。大能量Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ激光用于切髓术有较强的损伤作用。结论：Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ具有一定的促进创伤愈合作用     

Nd:YAG激光和Er:YAG激光对根管内粪肠球菌杀灭效果的研究

［摘要］ 目的 观察Nd:YAG激光、Er:YAG激光及两者联用对根管内粪肠球菌的杀灭效果。方法 选取离体牙建立粪肠球菌感染模型,随机分为五组：A组：生理盐水组;B组：1%次氯酸钠溶液组;C组：Nd:YAG激光组;D组：Er:YAG激光组;E组：Nd:YAG激光+Er:YAG激光组。通过细菌培养和扫描电镜观察对比各组的杀菌效果。结果 细菌培养和扫描电镜结果显示：A组杀菌率最低,B组杀菌率最高,E组次高。除C组和D组间杀菌率相近外（P>0.05）,各组间均有统计学差异（P<0.05）。结论 Nd:YAG激光和Er:YAG激光均有一定的根管杀菌效果,两者联用效果更佳,可作为传统消毒方法的补充。     

Nd:YAG激光在牙齿漂白中的应用效果分析

目的评价532nm Nd:YAG激光在牙齿漂白技术中的临床应用效果。方法选择因氟斑牙、四环素牙、增龄因素导致的牙色暗黄的着色牙患者256例,采用连续输出的532nm Nd:YAG激光,功率设置为1W,照光时间设置为30秒,对不同类型着色牙进行漂白,并与托盘漂白术相对照,通过VITA比色分别就氟斑牙、四环素牙、增龄性黄牙漂白术前及术后的色度变化、术后3个月疗效、术中及术后牙本质过敏发生情况进行比较。结果对氟斑牙、四环素牙及增龄性黄牙532nm Nd:YAG激光漂白法即刻疗效均优于药物托盘漂白法(P<0.05)。而激光漂白组和托盘漂白组在3个月后复查,两者之间治疗上仍有统计学上的差异(P<0.05)。对术中或术后过敏情况进行比较,激光漂白法显著少于较托盘漂白法(P<0.05)。结论532nm Nd:YAG激光漂白法脱色效果显著,较少发生术中或术后过敏。     

A comparison between the occluding effects of the Nd:YAG laser and the desensitising agent sensodyne on permeation through exposed dentinal tubules of endodontically treated teeth: an in vitro study

OBJECTIVE: Dentine hypersensitivity may occur due to loss of covering enamel and/or loss of cementum after gingival recession, resulting in exposure of cervical dentine and patency of dentinal tubules. The effect of thermally cooled pulsed neodymium:yttrium-aluminium-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser on the permeability and structural appearance of the root canal wall was investigated in vitro. The aim of this study was to compare the occluding effect of Nd:YAG laser with that of sensodyne on exposed dentine. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty freshly extracted human maxillary anterior teeth were collected at random. Root canal obturations were performed using master apical file no. 60 k-type for obturated teeth. All teeth were stored in 100% humidity at 37 degrees C for 48h to allow time for the sealer to set. Dentine of 35 teeth was exposed by removing the cementum, and the remaining five teeth represented a negative control group. Specimens were examined using stereomicroscopy to show the surface topography of the dentine substrate before and after treatment with Nd:YAG laser or sensodyne. RESULTS: A double-blind technique was used when taking measurements of ink penetration (in mm) for each group. Teeth treated by Nd:YAG laser showed the least ink penetration, followed by teeth treated by sensodyne. The positive control group demonstrated complete ink penetration and the negative control group showed no ink penetration. Stereomicroscopic examination of specimens treated with Nd:YAG laser showed deposition on the dentinal surface, and specimens treated with sensodyne showed partial deposition. Untreated specimens were free of deposition and the tubules remained patent. CONCLUSION: There is no significant difference in the occluding effect of Nd:YAG laser and sensodyne toothpaste. Both treatments have a promising effect on the reduction of permeation through exposed dentinal tubules. However, the occluding effect of Nd:YAG laser occurs within seconds whereas that of sensodyne takes at least 3 weeks.