右美托咪定复合七氟烷对高血压患者应激反应的影响

目的 观察右美托咪定复合七氟烷麻醉对高血压患者围术期不同时间点血流动力学及血糖、白细胞介素6(IL-6)及肿瘤坏死因-α(TNF-α)的影响.方法 择期腔镜胆囊切除术的高血压患者90 例,分为两组(n=45):右美托咪定组(Dex 组)气管插管前10 min恒速泵注0.8 μg/kg右美托咪定作为负荷量,随后0.8 μg·kg-1·h-1持续泵注至胆囊切除;对照组(C组)以乳酸林格氏液泵注,两组患者均以吸入七氟烷诱导麻醉.监护未用药时(T0),气管导管放置前1 min(T1)、插管后5 min(T2),气腹后20 min(T3),拔除气管导管后20 min(T4)时心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP);同一时点检测静脉血葡萄糖、TNF-α及IL-6浓度.结果 与T0相比,Dex组T2、 T3、 T4时点HR、MAP变化不明显,而 C组显著升高(P＜0.05);Dex组T2、 T3、 T4时点HR、MAP显著降低于C组(P＜0.05).两组T3、 T4时点血糖、IL-6、TNF-α显著高于同组T0时刻(P＜0.05),但Dex组显著低于C组(P＜0.05).结论 高血压患者腹腔镜胆囊切除术采用右美托咪定复合七氟烷麻醉,可以保持血流动力学稳定并减轻麻醉及手术导致的过度应激.     

右美托咪定对老年高血压患者全麻诱导气管插管应激反应的影响

目的：比较不同剂量右美托咪定对老年高血压患者全麻诱导期间气管插管引起的血流动力学反应的影响。方法将60～75岁、ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级行全麻手术的原发性高血压患者60例,分为3组,D1、D2组和对照组（C组）,每组20例。D1、D2组于麻醉诱导前15 min ,采用微量泵将4μg/mL的右美托咪定分别以0.2、0.6μg/kg剂量静脉泵入,在10 min内完成;C组以同样方法泵入0.9％氯化钠溶液。分别记录3组患者在试验用药前（T0）、诱导前（T1）、气管插管前（T2）、插管后1 min（T3）、5 min（T4）的平均动脉压（MAP）、心率（HR）、血氧饱和度（SpO2）值。同时检测血浆去甲肾上腺素（NE）和肾上腺素（E）值。结果与用药前相比,D2组MAP在诱导前明显降低（P＜0.05）,C组和D1组则无明显变化（P＞0.05）;D2组 HR在插管后1 min明显减慢（P＜0.05）,而C和D1组HR在插管后1 min显著增快（P＜0.05）。与C组相比,D2组在诱导前、插管前、插管后1 min、插管后5 min MAP和HR均明显降低（P＜0.05）,SpO2仅在诱导前有所下降（P＜0.05）;D1组各个时点的MAP、HR、SpO2与C组相比均无明显差异（P＞0.05）。与T0相比,T1时D2组血浆NE和E值降低（P＜0.01）;T3时C、D1组血浆NE和E值升高,D2组则降低（P＜0.01）。与C组相比,T1和T3时D2组血浆NE和E值均降低（P＜0.01）。结论静脉注射右美托咪定可安全抑制老年高血压患者全麻诱导时气管插管引起的血流动力学变化,维持老年高血压患者全麻诱导及气管插管期间循环功能稳定。并且0.6μg/kg的右美托咪定比0.2μg/kg能更加有效抑制气管插管引起的应激反应。     

不同剂量舒芬太尼对心脏瓣膜置换术病人气管插管应激反应的影响

目的:探讨不同剂量舒芬太尼对心脏瓣膜置换术病人气管插管应激反应的影响,并与芬太尼进行比较.方法:将60例择期瓣膜置换术病人随机均分成芬太尼10 μg/kg(A)、舒芬太尼1 μg/kg(B)、舒芬太尼1.5 μg/kg(C)与舒芬太尼2 μg/kg(D)四组.分别给予芬太尼10 μg/kg,舒芬太尼1μg/kg、舒芬太尼1.5 μg/kg与舒芬太尼2 μg/kg加咪唑安定、维库溴铵诱导插管.记录麻醉诱导前(T0),麻醉诱导后(T1),插管后1 min(T2)、3 min(T3)、5 min(T4)、10 min(T5)时收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR),并计算出相应的心率和收缩压乘积(RPP).于T0、T2、T5各时间点抽血测定血糖.结果:四组病人T0时SBP,DBP,MAP,HR,RPP比较均无统计学差异(P＞0.05);T1时上述参数与T0比较明显下降(P＜0.01),但组间无差异(P＞0.05).A组T2,T3时SBP,DBP,MAP较T1有所升高(P＜0.01～0.05),但与T0比较无统计学差异(P＞0.05);B,C,D三组SBP,MAP在T2,T3时低于A组(P＜0.01～0.05),D组在T4时仍低于A组(P＜0.05).A组在T2时HR较T1有所上升(P＜0.05),但仍未达到T0水平,B,C,D三组在T2时HR较T1变化不大,T2时D组HR低于A组(P＜0.05);T5时A,D组HR明显低于B组(P＜0.05).B,C,D三组在T1直至T5时RPP均较T0明显降低(P＜0.01),在T2时A组RPP高于B,C,D三组(P＜0.01).A,B,C,D四组在诱导插管期间使用阿托品的例数分别为5(33.3%),0(0%),4(26.7%),5(33.3%),B组明显低于A,D两组(P＜0.05).A,B,C,D四组各时间点血糖值变化无明显统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:三组剂量舒芬太尼均能有效抑制心脏瓣膜置换病人气管插管应激反应,其中1 μg/kg组插管期间血流动力学更加稳定.     

术前肌肉注射右美托咪定镇静效应及其对氯胺酮麻醉诱导插管期血流动力学的影响

目的 研究术前肌肉注射右美托咪定的镇静效应及其对失血性休克患者氯胺酮麻醉诱导插管期血流动力学的影响.方法 选择术前诊断异位妊娠、处于失血性休克代偿期(心率＞100次/min,休克指数≈1,出血Ⅱ级),并拟在全麻下行急诊手术探查患者32例,按术前用药不同分为两组,对照组(C组,n=16)和右美托咪定组(D组,n=16),术前30 min C组常规肌肉注射0.1 g苯巴比妥钠,D组肌肉注射右美托咪定2 μg/kg.所有患者采用2 mg/kg氯胺酮、0.9 mg/kg罗库溴铵诱导气管插管,观察患者诱导插管前镇静程度及术前用药前(T0)、氯胺酮诱导前(T1)、氯胺酮诱导后3 min内(T2)测得的最高平均动脉压(MAP)和最快心率(HR)以及气管插管后5 min内(T3)测得的最高MAP和最快HR.记录两组患者心动过缓、镇静过度等不良反应发生率.结果 T0时点两组患者均表现为HR快、MAP正常或略低于正常;C组和D组患者T1时点MAP和HR与T0时点差异无统计学意义,氯胺酮诱导后两组患者均表现为MAP升高、HR加快,两组患者T2时点最高MAP差异无统计学意义;而D组患者HR增加幅度小于C组,C、D组HR最快分别为(119.6±25.4)次/min和(101.7±22.3)次/min(P<0.05),气管插管应激引起MAP升高、HR加快;两组患者T3时点最高MAP均有所升高,组间差异无统计学意义,而T3时点最快HR C、D组分别为(121.5±28.1) 次/min和(106.7±23.7) 次/min(P<0.05),两组均无出现心动过缓和镇静过度患者.结论 术前肌肉注射2 μg/kg右美托咪定镇静程度适当,并有利于维持失血性休克患者氯胺酮麻醉诱导气管插管期血流动力学稳定.     

艾司洛尔对麻醉诱导气管插管期脑电双频指数的影响

目的 探讨选择性β1-受体阻滞剂艾司洛尔对围麻醉诱导气管内插管期间脑电双频指数(BIS)的影响,讨论其对应激反应抑制的机制.方法 选择择期手术患者60例,年龄35～ 55岁,ASA Ⅰ～Ⅱ级,随机分为艾司洛尔组(A组)和对照组(B组),每组30例.A组麻醉诱导前静脉注射艾司洛尔1 mg/kg,然后以200 μg·kg-1·min-1的速度泵入,B组在相同时间段给与等量生理盐水.麻醉采用丙泊酚2 mg/kg、舒芬太尼0.3 μg/kg、罗库溴铵1mg/kg诱导,并记录给予艾司洛尔前(T0)、诱导前(T1)、诱导后(T2)、插管时即刻(T3)、插管后1 min(T4)、3 min(T5)、5min(T6)的心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)和BIS值.结果 2组患者To、T1、T2各项指标无统计学差异(P均＞0.05);T3、T4、T5各时间点的HR、MAP均升高,但B组患者HR、MAP明显高于A组(P＜0.01);T3、T4、T5与插管前相比A组BIS值无明显变化,B组明显升高(P均＜0.05).结论 艾司洛尔可以抑制气管内插管刺激引起的BIS值变化,同时通过抑制肾上腺素能作用减轻心血管反应,抑制应激反应.     

不同剂量地佐辛预注对全麻诱导期血流动力学及脑电双频指数的影响

目的观察不同剂量地佐辛静脉预注对全麻诱导期间血流动力学和脑电双频指数（BIS）的影响。方法80例拟行气管插管全麻择期手术患者,美国麻醉医师协会（ASA）Ⅰ-Ⅱ级,随机分为4组,每组各20例。各组麻醉诱导前用药分别为：D1组：地佐辛0．05mg／kg;D2组：地佐辛0．1mg／kg;D3组：地佐辛0．2mg／kg;C组：生理盐水5mL。4组患者均给予芬太尼3tLg／kg,异丙酚2mg／kg,罗库溴铵0．6mg／kg,快速诱导后气管插管。观察给药前（T0）、麻醉诱导后气管插管前（T1）、气管插管即刻（T2）、气管插管后1min（T3）、3min（T4）、5min（T5）时脑电双频指数（BIS）、平均动脉压（MAP）、心率（HR）的变化。结果MAP、HR值比较,C组、D1组在T2-4时点明显高于T1时点（P〈O．05）,D2组仅在T2、T3时升高（P〈0．05）,D3组变化不明显;但相同时点比较,MAP、HR值D2、D,组低于C组（P〈0．05）。BIS值比较,与T1时比较,C组、D1组在T2、T3时明显升高（P〈0．05）,D2组仅在T2时升高（P〈0．05）,D3组在T4、T5时显著低于T1时（P〈0．05）,D3组在T2-5时明显低于C组（P〈0．05）。结论地佐辛0．1—0．2mg／kg预注可有效抑制气管插管时的心血管应激反应,维持全麻诱导期血流动力学稳定。     

围插管期老年患者听觉诱发电位指数和脑电双频谱指数的变化

目的　研究诱导气管插管期间老年患者听觉诱发电位指数 (AAI)和脑电双频谱指数 (BIS)的变化。方法　听力正常拟行气管插管全麻患者 5 6例 ,观察记录诱导前 (T0 )、诱导后置入喉镜气管插管前 (T1)、插管时 (T2 )及插管后 1,3,5min(T3 ,T4,T5)患者AAI、BIS、平均动脉压 (MAP)及心率 (HR)的变化。根据患者年龄分为老年组和非老年组 ,分析两组患者围气管插管期各指标的变化。结果　两组患者术前一般状况及诱导前 (T0 )AAI,BIS ,MAP ,HR差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 ) ,诱导后所有患者各指标较T0 均有显著降低 ,喉镜暴露声门和气管插管应激使AAI,BIS ,MAP ,HR显著升高 ,T1～ 5时点各参数表现为先升高后下降。但插管后 5min(T5)除AAI回落至插管前水平(T5与T1相比 ,P >0 0 5 )外 ,其余参数仍明显高于插管前水平 (T5与T1相比 ,P <0 0 5 )。老年组和非老年组间AAI及BIS变化无明显差异。结论　诱导气管插管期间老年患者AAI及BIS变化趋势一致 ,均能反映麻醉深度的变化     

右美托咪定对丙泊酚闭环靶控输注全凭静脉麻醉的影响

目的:观察右美托咪定(Dex)对丙泊酚闭环靶控输注全凭静脉麻醉的影响。方法:收集全麻下行腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者96例,按数字表法随机分为D1组、D2组、D3和对照组(C组)各24例。四组分别于诱导前泵注Dex0.3、0.6、1.0μg/kg和生理盐水,麻醉诱导维持采用丙泊酚闭环靶控输注。记录输注前(T0)、输注后(T1)、气管插管后即刻(T2)、插管后30min(T3)、术毕(T4)、拔管后(T5)的HR、MAP、BIS值及丙泊酚效应室浓度(Ce)。结果:D2组MAP、HR在各时点均无明显变化,而C组及D1组在T2时MAP升高,D3组在T1时HR减慢。四组患者BIS值在T2~T4时均低于T0,其中,T2、T3时稳定于50左右。D2及D3组丙泊酚Ce在各时点均低于C组。术中D2、D3组丙泊酚用量较C组分别减少36.0%和45.3%;瑞芬太尼用量则减少35.6%和42.5%。四组间苏醒时间及拔管时间比较,差异无统计学意义。苏醒期间,D2和D3组无躁动、呛咳、寒战和术中知晓发生。结论:丙泊酚闭环靶控输注全麻诱导前单次泵注Dex0.6μg/kg,可抑制气管插管时的血流动力学波动,明显减少术中丙泊酚和瑞芬太尼的用量,提高了拔管质量且不影响苏醒时间。     

观察地佐辛用于腹腔镜下胆囊切除术全麻喉罩诱导的临床疗效

目的 探讨不同剂量地佐辛用于腹腔镜下胆囊切除手术全麻喉罩通气道诱导的临床效果和安全性.方法 选择择期行腹腔镜下胆囊切除手术患者80例,ASA Ⅰ～Ⅱ级,随机分为4组各20例.以地佐辛用量不同分D1组、D2组及D3组;芬太尼组(F组),静脉注射芬太尼3μg/kg,以上均用丙泊酚2mg/kg,罗库溴胺0.8 mg/kg诱导,BIS值下降至40～60时转入喉罩.观察诱导前(T0)、喉罩置入前(T1)、喉罩置入即时(T2)及置入后1、3、5min(T3、T4及T5)各时点的平均动脉压(MAP)和心率(HR)的变化.结果 4组患者麻醉诱导后各时点BP、HR较诱导前的基础值均降低(均P＜ 0.05)置入喉罩操作时各指标均高于较置入前(均P＜0.05).D1组T2、T3及T4的MAP和HR明显高于F组(均P＜0.05); D2组在各时点MAP和HR与F组相比无明显差异(P＞0.05);D3组T1、T2、T3、T4 HR比D2组和F组有明显下降,但均在正常范围内(P＞0.05).结论 地佐辛可用于全麻喉罩通气道诱导,能达到有效的麻醉深度,维持全麻插喉罩诱导期间血压和心率的稳定剂量为0.15 mg/kg.     

连续输注瑞芬太尼复合依托咪酯对老年患者气管插管血流动力学反应的影响

目的 观察全麻诱导期间连续输注瑞芬太尼复合依托咪酯对老年患者气管插管血流动力学反应的影响.方法 80例ASAⅠ～Ⅲ级老年患者随机分为A、B、C、D四组,每组20例.诱导开始时,A、B、C、D四组分别以0.3μg/（kg·min）、0.4 μg/（kg·min）、0.5 μg/（kg· min）、0.6 μg/（kg· min）的速度输注瑞芬太尼,2 min后静脉注射依托咪酯0.15 mg/kg,过1.5 min后静脉注射罗库溴铵0.6 mg/kg,再过1.5 min后行气管插管,同时调整所有患者瑞芬太尼的输注速度为0.05 μg/（kg· min）,并以4 μg/（kg·h）的速度输注异丙酚.记录诱导前（T0）、插管前即刻（T1）、插管后l min （T2）、插管后3min（T3）、插管后5 min（T4）的收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）、平均动脉压（MAP）、心率（HR）以及血管活性药物的使用情况.结果 A组T1MAP和HR与T0比较明显降低（P＜0.05）,T2、T3MAP和HR与T0比较明显升高（P＜0.05）;B、C组T1MAP和HR与T0比较明显降低（P＜0.05）,T2、T3、T4MAP和HR与T0比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;D组T1MAP和HR与T0比较明显降低（P＜0.05）,T2、T3MAP与T0比较明显降低（P＜0.05）;与D组比较,A、B、C组T1 MAP明显升高（P＜0.05）,A组T1HR明显升高（P＜0.05）;与A组和D组比较,B组和C组血管活性药物的使用率明显降低（P＜0.05）.结论全麻诱导期间连续输注瑞芬太尼5 min能够呈剂量依赖性地抑制老年患者气管插管的血流动力学反应,当复合依托咪酯为0.15 mg/kg时,瑞芬太尼输注速度以0.4～0.5 μg/（kgmin）为佳,血流动力学更稳定.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.