35例成人水痘临床分析

目的分析成人水痘临床表现的特点,为预防和治疗成人水痘提供有效的经验。方法对我院皮肤科在2006年1月—2011年1月收治的35例成人水痘患者进行回顾性分析。结果成人水痘的临床表现与儿童患者相比病程长、全身症状重伴高热。结论成人水痘起病急、高热、皮损重、全身症状明显,应注意成人水痘的鉴别诊断;在高发季节,对高发人群应做好预防工作。     

成人水痘38例临床分析

目的：成人水痘较为少见，近年我科接诊154例水痘患者中，成人38例(24．7％)，成人患者比例明显增多。38例中学生33例(86．8％)。其特点为起病较急，前驱症状明显，发热、畏寒、头痛、咽痛、四肢酸痛等中毒症状明显，皮疹密布全身，病程比儿童长，严重并发症少，预后良好。提示应注意成人水痘的鉴别诊断，应用阿昔洛韦治疗取得较好疗效。     

成人水痘31例临床分析

对 3 1例成人水痘进行回顾性分析 ,其好发于 18～ 2 5岁 ,病程及前驱期较长 ,全身症状、局部皮损及瘙痒症状较儿童患者重。群体生活和密切接触易感染 ,成人发病多与精神紧张、抵抗力下降等因素有关。阿昔洛韦、病毒唑联合应用 ,辅以局部皮损收敛保护疗效较好。     

483例水痘患者流行特征分析

目的收集我院2013—2016年水痘患者483例,分析发病情况,为预防控制水痘流行及诊治提供依据。方法对2013—2016年我科门诊传染病登记本中水痘患者资料进行统计分析。结果共计483例水痘患者,男女比例1.10:1;发病年龄2～44岁,0～6岁儿童发病例数较少,≥18岁的成人发病例数较多,其中以学生为主。夏季、冬季为水痘高发季节,秋季发病人数较少,其中12月份发病人数最多。结论儿童水痘发病率逐年减少,成人水痘发病率逐年上升。     

成人水痘43例临床及实验室特征分析

目的了解成人水痘患者的临床及实验室特征。方法对门诊43例成人水痘患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果成人水痘患者临床症状较重,实验室血象异常较明显。结论水痘发病年龄跨度大,应注意成人水痘的鉴别诊断,SAA、血常规、CRP联合检查对于水痘诊断有一定价值。     

成人水痘77例临床分析

近几年成人水痘的发病率不断上升。与儿童水痘相比,成人水痘皮损泛发,全身症状严重,往往伴有高热。现将我院皮肤科2009年1～12月门诊77例成人水痘患者进行临床分析。临床资料77例成人水痘患者诊断明确,其中男42例,女35例;年龄18—35岁,平均22．5岁;病程1～5天,平均2．8天;77例水痘患者中有30例发生在11～12月（38．96％）;有明确水痘接触史者52例,带状疱疹接触者8例;就诊水痘患者中工人包括民工39例（50．65％）,学生27例（35．06％）,全部是住校生,其他职业11例（14．29％）。     

成人与儿童水痘临床对比分析

水痘发病年龄以2～10岁为最多,6个月以下婴儿及成人患者较少,但近年来成人患者明显增多。现将我科2006年1月～2007年12月成人水痘患者的临床资料进行分析,并与同期儿童水痘患者的临床资料进行比较,现将结果报告如下。     

成人水痘伴流行性腮腺炎1例

水痘是由水痘——带状疱疹病毒所引起的急性、具有高度传染性的发疹性疾病。以皮肤黏膜上分批出现水痘伴轻度全身症状为特征的病毒性皮肤病,好发于儿童。而流行性腮腺炎是由副黏液病毒属单核核酸病毒流行性腮腺炎病毒引起的以腮腺肿痛为主要症状并伴发热、咽痛、恶心等全身症状的呼吸系统传染病,好发于5~15岁的儿童。成人水痘时有报告,而成人水痘伴流行性腮腺炎尚未见报道,门诊遇到1例,报告如下:患者,男,30岁。咽痛、发热、纳差2d,皮肤出现红斑、水疱、右腮肿胀1d求诊。查体:T 38·2℃,血常规:WBC 4·6×109/L,N 59·4,L 40·6,尿常规、…     

成人水痘38例临床分析

水痘（varieella）一般多见于2～10岁的儿童，但近年来，成人水痘逐渐增多，且病情较儿童水痘重。现将临床所见38例成人水痘的资料进行分析，并与儿童患者的临床资料对比，现总结报道如下。     

成人水痘20例临床及流行病学分析

目的：分析成人水痘的临床及流行病学特点，总结治疗及预防经验。方法：回顾性分析2006年12月-2007年1月间某部20例成人水痘患者的临床资料，并对其暴发流行进行流行病学调查。结果：20例成人水痘，服用盐酸吗啉胍、板蓝根颗粒，外用龙胆紫溶液，感染患者加用抗生素治疗，体温增高予对症处理。全部痊愈出院，1例出现局部细菌感染。发病人群、地点、发病时间较为集中，对接触人群注射水痘疫苗后疫情得到控制。结论：成人水痘较小儿水痘前驱症状明显，病程长，并发症少，运用盐酸吗啉胍抗病毒及对症处理效果良好。     

儿童系统性红斑狼疮18例分析

目的：了解儿童系统性红斑狼疮的临床及实验室检查特征。方法：对18例儿童系统性红斑狼疮与54例成年人患者的临床特点进行对照研究。分析其首发症状,临床表现及实验改变。结果：儿童患者肾脏损害的严重程度比成人重,其它器官损害也多于成人,但无统计学意义,未成年人组C3下降程度明显高于成年组,而CH50降低的发生率明显高于成年组,结论：系统性红斑狼疮儿童患者临床及实验室检查与成人相比存在某些程度差异。     

Comparison of mastocytosis with onset in children and adults

OBJECTIVE: To compare the incidence, symptomatology and course of mastocytosis with onset in childhood and in adults. DESIGN: Retrospective study of 101 patients with mastocytosis who were referred from 1980 to 1998. PATIENTS: Medical records of 65 cases of mastocytosis with onset in childhood and 36 in adulthood were analysed. The clinical course was assessed in a subgroup consisting of 33 subjects with childhood onset who were followed up until at least adolescence and 12 subjects with adult onset who were followed up for at least 10 years. RESULTS: The onset of the disease occurred before the age of 2 years in 50% and between the ages of 2 and 15 years in 14% of cases (childhood onset). In 36% of patients onset occurred at the age of 16 years and older (adult onset). An incidence peak of 60% was noted in the first year of life. Mast cell-mediated symptoms were not experienced by 21 of 36 adult onset mastocytosis patients nor by 27 of 65 childhood onset mastocytosis patients. Complete resolution was observed in five of 33 children. The majority of childhood onset cases (21 of 33) showed some improvement. Complete resolution was achieved in three of 12 adults. The majority of the remaining adults (eight of 12) showed no improvement. CONCLUSIONS: We confirm the incidence of onset of mastocytosis previously reported in the literature. We conclude that childhood onset mastocytosis is much less transitory than generally is assumed, although improvement occurs in the majority of cases. Symptomatology and clinical course of adult onset mastocytosis is less severe than suggested in the literature.     

静脉注射丙种球蛋白治疗重型水痘的治疗体会

重型水痘常见于年长儿童和青年人，其临床症状重，病程较长，可合并肺炎、心肌炎等。试用静脉注射丙种球蛋白（ＩＶＩＧ）治疗８例重型水痘，表明单次剂量２．５ｇ安全有效，使症状迅速缓解，病程明显缩短。     

Bacterial skin infections in children hospitalized with varicella: a possible negative impact of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs?

This 1-year multicentre prospective study in northern France sought to evaluate the incidence of secondary bacterial skin complications related to varicella, describe these superinfections, and analyse risk factors for their onset. The study included every child admitted to a district paediatric unit with a varicella infection. Patients with varicella infection, with and without secondary bacterial skin complication, were compared. The study included 159 children, 43 of whom had a secondary bacterial skin complication on admission, 21 of them had a severe secondary bacterial skin complication (respective incidence: 7.5 and 3.7/100,000 children younger than 16 years old). Persistence or recurrence of fever > or =38.5 degrees C for > or =3 days after the beginning of varicella infection (adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=8.1; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.3-28.4) and the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (aOR=4.8; 95% CI: 1.6-14.4) were independent factors associated with severe secondary bacterial skin complication.     

Annual pattern and clinical characteristics of herpes zoster in immunocompetent children in a rural area

This study aims to investigate the clinical signs, symptoms, complications and seasonal distribution of herpes zoster for otherwise healthy children and to demonstrate the outcome of varicella vaccinations on the herpes zoster incidence in a pediatric population. A retrospective study was conducted by using the data of the pediatric patients who were referred to two rural cities of Turkey, clinically diagnosed as Herpes Zoster (HZ). All participants were evaluated for clinical‐epidemiological factors, signs, symptoms, complications and varicella vaccination status for HZ. This study was comprised of 69 pediatric patients (29 [42%] female and 40 [58%] male) who were diagnosed with HZ. The mean age was 10.57 (6 months‐17) years old. The rash of HZ mostly appeared on the thoracic dermatome as seen in 29 patients. The findings revealed that among 56 unvaccinated patients of all, 25 (44.6%) had a painful rash, in comparison among vaccinated patients none reported pain as the characterization of shingles (P = .001). Annual distribution of cases showed two peaks (March and September), whereas in August no cases were detected. Of all participants, one patient had postherpetic neuralgia, who also had ophthalmic dermatomal involvement, and this was the only complication observed in this study cohort. In immunocompetent children, the most common involvement site was the thoracic dermatome. Our findings show that varicella vaccination has a protective role in the herpes zoster clinic, both by decreasing the prevalence and by making the infection course less severe.     

成人变应性血管炎与过敏性紫癜的对比分析

目的分析成人变应性血管炎（AV）和过敏性紫癜（HSP）在，临床特征、实验室检查、治疗及预后方面的不同特点。方法对45例成人AV和46例戍人HSP进行回顾随访分析，患者发病年龄〉20岁者为成人，比较两组患者在临床、实验室、治疗及预后方面的差异。结果AV的发病年龄明显大于HSP患者（P〈0．05）；AV的皮肤损害表现为多形性，而HSP的主要皮肤表现是隆起性紫癜；HSP关节受累、胃肠道受累及肾脏受累的发生率明显高于AV患者（P〈0．05）；随访发现AV的完全缓解率（81．2％）明显高于HSP（57．1％）（P〈0．05）。结论成人AV与HSP，临床有明显不同的特点。AV的皮肤损害较HSP重，但内脏损害较HSP少，预后较好。     

儿童及成人过敏性紫癜预后及相关因素分析

目的探讨儿童及成人过敏性紫癜患者临床特征的差异及预后的影响因素。方法回顾性分析347例过敏性紫癜患者的临床资料。结果感染是两组最常见的诱因(43.2%),儿童组感染比例高于成人,而过敏多见于成人组(P<0.01);成人肾脏累及较儿童常见(P<0.01),儿童胃肠道累及多于成人(P<0.01);年龄是儿童组肾累及的危险因素(RR=1.16,P<0.05),关节受累则是保护因素(RR=0.46,P<0.05)。成人组蛋白尿持续时间长于儿童(P<0.05)。结论儿童与成人过敏性紫癜的临床特征存在差异,成人肾脏较易受累,应及早干预。     

A Clinical Study of Childhood Alopecia Areata in Chandigarh, India

Abstract: All new cases of alopecia areata (AA) were studied during the years 1983–1993. Eight hundred forty-one cases were recorded, including 201 (23.9%) children less than 16 years of age. The female:male ratio was 1.4:1 (117 girls, 84 boys) for childhood AA. Alopecia was severe, (hat is, total, universal, or extensive, in 34(16.9%) children. Onset occurred in 77 (38.3%) children between ages 6 and 10 years, In 67 (33.3%) before 5 years of age, and in 57 (28.4%) between 11 and 16 years. Onset before 5 years of age was more often associated with severe alopecia than onset at ages 11 to 16 years (p < 0.01). Onset before 2 years of age was commonly associated with severe alopecia, seen in 6 (55.5%) of 11 children. Twenty-five (12.4%) children had one or more family members with AA. Definite evidence of atopy was obtained In 35 (17.5%) children. Association of atopy with severe alopecia was not statistically significant at Initial presentation (16% vs 23.5% for circumscribed and severe alopecia, respectively; p > 0.05). Nail changes were found In 60 (30%) children and were more frequent in severe alopecia (53%) than in circumscribed alopecia (25.2%, p < 0.001). Associated vittllgo was found in seven (3.5%) children, and one child was hypothyroid. Childhood AA in Chandigarh, India, is remarkably similar to that seen in Western countries, except that an association of atopy with younger age at onset and severe alopecia was not confirmed.     

湖北省孝感市2009～2012年水痘流行特征分析

目的:了解2009～2012年孝感市水痘发病情况及流行特征,为制定水痘疫情流行的防治措施提供科学依据。方法:设计流行病学调查表,在孝感周边地区设立临时观察点,由皮肤科医生进行散发病例的临床观察和调查,并抽取近几年来的地方流行病学预防统计报表资料,用描述流行病学方法对数据进行整理分析,统计学处理采用SPSS 18软件进行分析。结果:2009～2012年孝感市共报告水痘病例6 324例,无死亡病例报告;年平均发病率为32.838 1/10万,全年各月均有病例发生,呈现5～6月和11～12月两个明显发病高峰,占报告病例总数的25.90%和27.02%;有明显季节性,在夏季和冬季出现发病高峰。2009～2011年间发病率呈逐年增高趋势,2012年发病率比2011年略低。水痘在各个年龄组均有发病,4～至10～岁年龄组人群发病例较高占65.67%,男女性别之比为1.74∶1。职业分布以学生和儿童为主,占95.02%。结论:应加强低龄儿童的水痘疾病监测,注意季节发病高峰的健康教育和环境因素可能的影响,采取措施提高水痘疫苗接种率,降低发病率。     

483例儿童花斑癣回顾性分析

目的总结及分析儿童花斑癣患者的临床特点,比较与成人花斑癣的异同点.方法就诊于我院皮肤科门诊的花斑癣患者认真填写问卷调查表,内容包括:性别、年龄、发病年龄,病程、皮损部位、诱因、发病季节、家族史.并进行真菌学检查.结果儿童花斑癣患者共483例,其中男286例,占59.2%,女197例,占40.8%.年龄15天至12岁.所有患儿面部发病207例,占42.9%,其中发生于前额的共143例,占面部发病的69.1%.多汗患儿405例,占83.9%.有家族史38例,占7.9%.所有患儿均采用1%联苯苄唑乳膏外用,治疗2周以上,447例患儿通过治疗后得到有效的临床症状改善及病原学疗效,总有效率为92.5%.结论儿童花斑癣同成人花斑癣比较有不同的临床特点,发病因素与成人不尽相同,且在诊断上需与儿童面部色素减退性皮肤病进行鉴别.