A xanthocillin-like alkaloid from the insect pathogenic fungus Cordyceps brunnearubra BCC 1395

Cordyformamide (4), the plausible biogenetic precursor of xanthocillin Y2, was isolated from a culture broth of the insect pathogenic fungus Cordyceps brunnearubra BCC 1395. Cordyformamide was found to exhibit activity against the malarial parasite Plasmodium falciparum K1 with an IC50 value of 18 microM, whereas it showed weak or no cytotoxicity.     

Cyclohexadepsipeptides from the insect pathogenic fungus Hirsutella nivea BCC 2594

Two new cyclohexadepsipeptides, hirsutatins A (1) and B (2), were isolated from a culture filtrate of the insect pathogenic fungus Hirsutella nivea BCC 2594. Structures of these compounds were elucidated primarily by NMR and mass spectroscopic analyses. The alpha-carbon stereochemistry of 1 was established by HPLC analysis of its acid hydrolysate using a chiral column. Hirsutatin B (2) exhibited activity against the malarial parasite Plasmodium falciparum K1 with an IC50 value of 5.8 microg/mL, while hirsutatin A (1) was inactive at a concentration of 20 microg/mL.     

A cyclopeptide from the Insect pathogenic fungus Cordyceps sp. BCC 1788

A new cycloheptapeptide, cordyheptapeptide A (1), was isolated from the insect pathogenic fungus Cordyceps sp. BCC 1788 along with four known bioxanthracenes (2-5). The structure was elucidated by spectroscopic data. The absolute configuration of amino acid residues was determined by HPLC and X-ray diffraction analyses.     

Bioactive compounds from the scale insect pathogenic fungus Conoideocrella tenuis BCC 18627

A new cyclohexadepsipeptide, conoideocrellide A (1), its linear derivatives, conoideocrellides B-D (2-4), three new hopane triterpenoids (5-7), two new bioxanthracenes (9 and 10), and a new isocoumarin glycoside (13) were isolated from the scale insect pathogenic fungus Conoideocrella tenuis BCC 18627. Biological activities of the new compounds were evaluated.     

Isariotins A-D, alkaloids from the insect pathogenic fungus Isaria tenuipes BCC 7831

Isariotins A-D (1- 4), alkaloids possessing a unique bicyclo[3.3.1]nonane ring, were isolated from the insect pathogenic fungus Isaria tenuipes BCC 7831. The structures of these compounds were elucidated primarily by NMR and mass spectroscopic analyses.     

Modiolides A and B,two new 10-membered macrolides from a marine-derived fungus

Two new 10-membered macrolides, modiolides A (1) and B (2), and a new linear pentaketide, modiolin (3), were isolated from the cultured broth of a fungus Paraphaeosphaeria sp. (N-119), which was separated from a marine horse mussel, and the structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data.     

Paecilodepsipeptide A, an antimalarial and antitumor Cyclohexadepsipeptide from the insect pathogenic fungus Paecilomyces cinnamomeus BCC 9616

Paecilodepsipeptide A (1), a new cyclohexadepsipeptide possessing three d-amino acid residues, together with its linear analogues paecilodepsipeptides B (2) and C (3), was isolated from the insect pathogenic fungus Paecilomyces cinnamomeus BCC 9616. Structures of these compounds were elucidated primarily by NMR and mass spectroscopic analyses. The absolute configurations of the amino acid and hydroxy acid residues of 1 were addressed by HPLC analysis of its acid hydrolyzate using a chiral column and Marfey's method. Paecilodepsipeptide A (1) showed activity against the malarial parasite Plasmodium falciparum K1 with an IC50 value of 4.9 microM. This compound also showed cytotoxicity to two cancer cell lines, KB (IC50 5.9 microM) and BC (IC50 6.6 microM); however, it was inactive against noncancerous Vero cells up to 67 microM (50 microg/mL).     

Novel tetramic acids and pyridone alkaloids,militarinones B,C, and D,from the insect pathogenic fungus Paecilomyces militaris

Three yellow pigments were isolated from a mycelial extract of the entomopathogenic fungus Paecilomyces militaris. With the aid of spectroscopic means, one compound was identified as a new pyridone alkaloid, militarinone D (1). The two other metabolites were characterized as two novel 3-acyl tetramic acids, militarinones B (2) and C (3). In contrast to the structurally related pyridone militarinone A (4), compounds 1-3 showed only negliable neuritogenic activity in PC-12 cells, whereas militarinone D (1) exhibited cytotoxicity. On the basis of a co-occurrence of 3-acyl tetramic acids and biogenetically related pyridone alkaloids in P. militaris, a revised biosynthetic pathway for pyridone alkaloids is proposed.     

Pyridone and tetramic acid alkaloids from the spider pathogenic fungus Torrubiella sp. BCC 2165

Torrubiellones A-D (1-4), new pyridone and tetramic acid alkaloids, were isolated from the spider pathogenic fungus Torrubiella sp. BCC 2165. Torrubiellone A (1) exhibited antimalarial activity with an IC(50) value of 8.1 μM, while it showed very weak cytotoxic activity.     

Depsidones from the endophytic fungus BCC 8616

Three new depsidones (1-3) have been isolated from the endophytic fungus BCC 8616 and their structures analyzed on the basis of spectroscopic data interpretation. Compound 1 exhibited weak cytotoxic activity against breast and epidermoid carcinoma cell lines.     

Wortmannilactones A-D, 22-membered triene macrolides from Talaromyces wortmannii

The fungus Talaromyces wortmannii, isolated from a soil sample collected in China's Yunnan province, produced four novel 22-membered macrolides, namely, wortmannilactones A-D (1-4). Structures 1-4 were elucidated by extensive 1D and 2D NMR and MS spectral analyses. Compounds 1-4 exhibited in vitro cytotoxic activity against several human cancer cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 28.7 to 130.5 microM.     

Hirsutane sesquiterpenes from the fungus Lentinus connatus BCC 8996

Two new hirsutane sesquiterpenes, connatusins A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the fungus Lentinus connatus BCC 8996. The structures, closely related to hypnophilin, were elucidated on the basis of the spectroscopic data. An X-ray analysis was performed to confirm the structure of 1. Six known compounds were also obtained. Panepoxydone (5), panepoxydione (6), and dihydrohypnophilin (8) exhibited significant antimalarial and cytotoxic activities.     

蛹虫草菌丝体超氧化物歧化酶的制备

 目的从蛹虫草(Cordyceps militaris)菌丝体中制备Cu,Zn-超氧化物歧化酶。方法超声破碎、硫酸铵沉淀、离子交换。结果10 g湿菌丝体,最佳超声破碎功率400 W,超声时间15 min。粗酶液经55%～95%硫酸铵沉淀,DEAE-FF阴离子交换柱,CM-52阳离子交换柱纯化,酶蛋白收率22.4%,比活达到13 592.1 U·mg(蛋白)^-1,纯化倍数214.1倍。SDS-PAGE电泳分析呈现均一条带。紫外最大吸收峰为266 nm。该酶对KCN和H₂O₂敏感。氨基酸组成和其他来源Cu,Zn-SOD相似。结论本制备工艺切实可行,能获得理想的电泳纯蛋白。     

(+)-N-Deoxymilitarinone A, a neuritogenic pyridone alkaloid from the insect pathogenic fungus Paecilomyces farinosus

A new pyridone alkaloid, (+)-N-deoxymilitarinone A (1), was isolated from Paecilomyces farinosus RCEF 0097 along with the related metabolites, militarinone D and militarinone B. The sterol 22E,4R-ergosta-7,22-diene-3beta,5alpha,6beta,9alpha-tetraol was also identified. The structures were established by spectroscopic methods, in particular with the aid of extensive NMR experiments. Compound 1 induced neurite sprouting in PC 12 cells when tested at 33 and 100 microM concentrations. A cytotoxic effect was observed in human neurons (IMR-32) at a concentration of 100 microM.     

Bioactive compounds from the seed fungus Menisporopsis theobromae BCC 3975

Eight new compounds (2-9), together with a known dithiodiketopiperazine (1), were isolated from the seed fungus Menisporopsis theobromae BCC 3975. The structures of these substances were elucidated by analyses of spectroscopic data. Compounds 1 and 4 exhibited moderate cytotoxicity against BC-1 cell lines with IC50 values of 29.2 and 57.4 microM, respectively. Cytotoxicity of 1, 2, 4, and 9 against the NCI-H187 cell line showed respective IC50 values of 22.9, 20.3, 1.8, and 56.6 microM. Compounds 2 and 4 exhibited antimalarial activity with IC50 values of 2.95 and 28.8 microM, respectively. Substances 1, 4, 7, 8, and 9 possessed weak antimycobacterial activity (MIC 154.8-952.3 microM), while compounds 2 and 3 showed potent antimycobacterial activity with respective MIC values of 1.24 and 7.14 microM.     

ES-242 derivatives and cycloheptapeptides from Cordyceps sp. strains BCC 16173 and BCC 16176

Five new ES-242 analogues ( 1- 5) were isolated together with nine known compounds ( 6- 14) from the insect pathogenic fungus Cordyceps sp. BCC 16173. A closely related strain, BCC 16176, provided cordyheptapeptide A ( 15) and small amount of its new analogue, cordyheptapeptide B ( 16), along with known ES-242s. Structures of the new bioxanthracenes, 1- 5, were determined to be 6'- O-desmethyl analogues of 6 (ES-242-4), 8, 9 (ES-242-2), 12, and 13, respectively, primarily by spectroscopic analyses. Cordyheptapeptide B ( 16) has an N-methyl- l-phenylalanine residue instead of the N-methyl- l-tyrosine in 15.     

人工蛹虫草子实体化学成分研究

目的：研究人工蛹虫草子实体的化学成分。方法：大孔吸附树脂和硅胶色谱柱分离纯化，根据理化性质和波谱数据鉴定结构。结果：分离鉴定了9个化合物，分别为:麦角甾-4，6，8(14)-四烯-3-酮(1)，柠檬甾二烯醇(2)，二十四烷酸单甘油酯(3)，麦角甾醇(4)，麦角甾醇过氧化物(5)，麦角甾-7，22-二烯-3β，5α，6β-三醇(6)，虫草素(7)，腺苷(8)，N-(2-羟乙基)腺苷(9)。结论：化合物1～3，6，9均为首次从该种真菌子实体中分离得到。     

Phenolic glycosides from the filamentous fungus Acremonium sp. BCC 14080

New phenolic mono- and digalactopyranosides (1 and 2), their aglycone KS-501a (3), and a new phenolic 4-O-methylglucopyranoside (4) were isolated from the filamentous fungus Acremonium sp. BCC 14080. Structures of these compounds were elucidated by extensive MS and NMR spectroscopic analyses. Compound 1 displayed anti-HSV-1 activity with an IC(50) value of 7.2 microM. Compound 3 exhibited activity against Plasmodium falciparum K1 with an IC(50) value of 9.9 microM.     

Chromone derivatives from the filamentous fungus Lachnum sp. BCC 2424

Five new chromones, named lachnones A-E (1-5), were isolated from the filamentous fungus Lachnum sp. BCC 2424 along with known (2E,6S)-2,6-dimethyl-2,7-octadiene-1,6-diol. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. Lachnones B (2) and D (4) mildly inhibited the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, both with MIC values of 200 microg/mL.     

An antimalarial tetrapeptide from the entomopathogenic fungus Hirsutella sp. BCC 1528

Hirsutellic acid A (1), a new linear tetrapeptide possessing an anthranilic acid residue at the C-terminus, was isolated from a fermentation broth of the entomopathogenic fungus Hirsutella sp. BCC 1528. The structure of this compound was elucidated by NMR and MS analyses, and its absolute configuration was deduced by HPLC analysis of the acid hydrolysate using a chiral column. Hirsutellic acid A exhibits activity against the malarial parasite Plasmodium falciparum K1 with an IC(50) value of 8.0 microM, while it was noncytotoxic to Vero cells at a concentration of 95 microM.