and charm of the eastern sport culture

体育科学Sichuan Sports Science13-14 20G812.0H13422H;H134_22马渝;8-9 15浅析竞技武术国际化问题刘洪涛;彭瑞;江西师范大学体育学院,宜春学院体育学院 江西南昌330027,江西宜春336000竞技武术;;传统武术;;国际化;;奥运会本文主要采用文献资料法和逻辑分析法,通过竞技武术入奥受阻的情况,简要地谈了对竞技武术的认识从三个方面分析了竞技武术国际化受阻的原因,并提出了一些建议。Shallow Analysis on the Internationalization of Competitive WushuLIU Hong-tao1,PENG Rui21.The P.E.College of Jiangxi Normal University,Jiangxi Nanchang,330027,China;2.The P.E.School of Yichun College,Jiangxi Yichuan,336000,China.By using the methods of do     

Efficacy and Safety of Acupuncture in the Management of Cancer

Acupuncture,as a complementary therapy,has been used to manage the cancer associated symptoms ofcancer patients.Toidentifythe efficacy andsafety of acupunctureinthe management of cancer,this reviewcrit-ically analyses the relevant publicationsincluding both experi mental and clinical studies.The majority of studiessuggest that acupuncture effectivelyrelieves some cancer relatedsymptoms suchas cancer pain,andsome adverseeffects caused by the cancer conventional treatments such as nausea,vomitin…     

Overview of the plague in the late Ming Dynasty and its prevention and control measures

The plague of the late Ming Dynasty(15511644 C.E.)was long lasting,affected a wide range of the population,and had serious consequences.The purpose of this study is to review the medical system in place at the time and the measures instituted to prevent and control the plague during the late Ming Dynasty.Information on the history of the Ming Dynasty(13681644 C.E.),local chronicles,and related research literature were consulted and analyzed in terms of duration,geographical area,and other dimensions of the epidemic.Because of the abnormal climate,wide range of natural disasters,and the impact of war,the epidemic spread over a wide area during the late Ming Dynasty.The government’s epidemic prevention measures were affected by war and other factors,resulting in poor control of the outbreak.However,in terms of the medical system in place during the Ming Dynasty,some of the thinking and methods of prevention and control of the plague were historical and progressive.Some outstanding physicians such as Wu Youke(15821652 C.E.)appeared during this period.His theory of plague prevention and control had a profound influence on the formation and development of pestilence deterrence in later generations.In the late Ming Dynasty,rich experiences and measures of prevention and control were accumulated in the struggle against the plague.These methods and experiences also have a significant,positive guiding influence on the prevention and control of plague in the present day.     

Anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities of the extracts from the inflorescence of Chrysanthemum indicum Linné

Chrysanthemum indicum Linné (CI) has a long history for the treatment of inflammation, hypertension and respiratory diseases in China. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties of the inflorescence or bud of CI extracts. The ethanol extract of CI (CIEE) was fractionated to a petroleum ether soluble fraction (CIPF), an ethyl acetate soluble fraction (CIEF), a butanol soluble fraction (CIBF) and a water soluble fraction (CIWF) successively. CIBF (150 mg/kg, p.o.) caused a significant inhibition on the auricle edema in mice. CIBF (150, 300 mg/kg, p.o.) not only significantly increased the delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction induced by 2,4-dinitro-fluorobenzene (DNFB) but also significantly enhanced antibody generation by splenic cells of mice and IgG and IgM levels in mice sera in response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) in cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced mice. Furthermore, CIBF (150, 300 mg/kg, p.o.) obviously potentiated the function of the mononuclear phagocytic system in CP-induced mice. The above results reveal that CIBF possesses anti-inflammatory, humoral and cellular immunomodulatory and mononuclear phagocytic activities, probably due to the presence of flavonoids.     

Study of the Effect of Acupuncture on the Total Acidity of Gastric Juice and Pepsin＇s Activity

To know the effect of the total acidity of gastric juice and pepsin‘s activity. Methocls:By observing the effect on gastric mucosa through puncturing and moxibusting the acupuncture points of Zusanli (ST 36), Zhongwan (CV 12), Tianshu (ST 25) chronic shrinking gastritics in rat model. Results: We found acupuncture can cut down the quantity of emission of the total acidity of gastric juice effectively,decrease the activity of pepsin, remove superoxygen negative ion effectively, reduce the damage to the organism and increase the activity of SOD. Conclusions: The study showed that the activity can play a role in protecting the gastric mucosa.     

A study of the motion pivot in the spine——The measurement of the angle between the vertebra body and the inferior articular facet and its application in the spinal manipulation

spinal motion pivot, spinal manipulation, the angle of facet joint, force direction, cylinder pivot motion theory The spinal joint consists of a disc and posterior facet joints. It is the biomechanical structure that enables the spine with six (6) freedoms of movements of flexion/extension, side bends and rotations. We identified that the same spinal joints initiate, eliminate and control spinal movement. These four joints are the atlanto-occipital and the atlanto-odontoid joints, C7/T 1, T12/L1 and L5/S1. The word“pivot”is commonly used to describe an important ruruing porint or matter in Chinese language.We define the above four joints as“pivots” in this article.The joints are briefed as“Occipital-vertebral pivot”(atlanto-occipital and atlanto-odontoid joint),“cervicalthoracic pivot” (C7/T1),“thoracic-lumbar pivot” (T12/L1)and“lumbar-sacrum pivot”(L5/S1). After measuring 20 human spinal columns (dry bones), observing the angle between the vertebral body and the inferior articular faeet,reviewing the spinal anatomy and biomechanics and analyzing the Chinese spinal manipulation techniques and theory, the following is our report:     

Cytotoxic and NF-κB inhibitory constituents of the stems of Cratoxylum cochinchinense and their semisynthetic analogues

A new caged xanthone (1), a new prenylxanthone (2), seven known xanthones, and a known sterol glucoside were isolated from the stems of Cratoxylum cochinchinense, collected in Vietnam. Compounds 1 and 2 were determined structurally by analysis of their spectroscopic data. In addition, five new (10 and 16-19) and eight known prenylated xanthone derivatives were synthesized from the known compounds α-mangostin (3) and cochinchinone A (6). Several of these substances were found to be cytotoxic toward HT-29 human colon cancer cells, with the most potent being 3,6-di-O-acetyl-α-mangostin (8, ED50, 1.0 μM), which was tested further in an in vivo hollow fiber assay, but found to be inactive at the highest dose used (20 mg/kg; ip). Of the substances evaluated in a NF-κB p65 inhibition assay, 1,3,7-trihydroxy-2,4-diisoprenylxanthone (5) exhibited the most potent activity (IC50, 2.9 μM). In a mitochondrial transmembrane potential assay, two new compounds, 1 (IC50, 3.3 μM) and 10 (IC50, 1.4 μM), and two known compounds, 3 (α-mangostin, IC50, 0.2 μM) and 11 (3,6-di-O-methyl-α-mangostin, IC50, 0.9 μM), were active. A preliminary analogue development study showed that 3,6-diacetylation and 6-benzoylation both slightly increased the cytotoxicity of α-mangostin (3), whereas methylation reduced such activity. In contrast, neither acetylation, benzoylation, nor methylation enhanced the cytotoxicity of cochinchinone A (6).     

Comparison of the Cost-utility Analysis of Electroacupuncture and Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs in the Treatment of Chronic Low Back Pain

Introduction and objective

Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is among the most common and important reasons for visiting a spine surgeon by patients; it is the second cause of visiting a doctor. Low back pain can cause considerable suffering and is a major financial burden in the society. There are many different methods available for the treatment of CLBP. This study aimed to compare the cost-utility of electroacupuncture (EA) and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), as two common treatment methods for patients with CLBP.

Isoflurane and the Analgesic Effect of Acupuncture and Electroacupuncture in an Animal Model of Neuropathic Pain

The present study aimed to determine whether isoflurane interferes with the analgesic effects of acupuncture (Ac) and electroacupuncture (EA), using a neuropathic pain (NP) rat model. In total, 140 male Wistar rats were used; isoflurane-induced nociceptive response was evaluated using the von Frey test, serum calcium-binding protein β (S100β) levels and nerve growth factor (NGF) levels in the left sciatic nerve. The NP model was induced by chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve at 14 days after surgery. Treatment was initiated after NP induction with or without isoflurane anesthesia (20 min/day/8 days). The von Frey test was performed at baseline, 14 days postoperatively, and immediately, 24 h, and 48 h after the last treatment. Results of the nociceptive test and three-way analysis of variance were analyzed by generalized estimating equations, the Bonferroni test, followed by Student–Newman–Keuls or Fisher's least significant difference tests for comparing biochemical parameters (significance defined as p ≤ 0.05). At baseline, no difference was noted in the nociceptive response threshold among all groups. Fourteen days after surgery, compared with other groups, NP groups showed a decreased pain threshold, confirming establishment of NP. Ac and EA enhanced the mechanical pain threshold immediately after the last session in the NP groups, without anesthesia. Isoflurane administration caused increased nociceptive threshold in all groups, and this effect persisted for 48 h after the last treatment. There was an interaction between the independent variables: pain, treatments, and anesthesia in serum S100β levels and NGF levels in the left sciatic nerve. Isoflurane enhanced the analgesic effects of Ac and EA and altered serum S100β and left sciatic nerve NGF levels in rats with NP.     

Education of Complementary and Alternative Medicine in the United States

Currently, there are four categories of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in the United States of America: 1 ) about 80 CAM schools, 3““-,4 year program focusing on acupuncture and herbal medicine; 4““5 year program for chiropractic. 2) 64% of the US medical schools offer CAM courses, such as acupuncture, chiropractic, herbal medicine and homeopathy. Harvard Medical School has been of fering CAM for 9 years.     

International Neuroscience Symposium for the 10^th Anniversary of the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology and the 4th Biennial Meeting of the Chinese Society for Neuroscience was held in Hong Kong

From 29th of September to 3rd of March of 2001, the International Neuroscience Symposium for the 10th Anniver-sary of tbe Hong Kong University of Science and Technology and tbe 4th Biennial Meeting of the Chinese Society forNeuroscience was held in Hong Kong. This meeting was organized mainly by Chinese Society for Neuroscience, NorthAmerican Medical Association of Hong Kong and tbe Department of Biology of Hong Kong University of Science andTechnique. More than 300 scholars atten…     

Effect of electroacupuncture on the expression of PGC-1α and UCP-1in the brown adipose tissue of obese rats

Objective

To explore the effect of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) and uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1) in the brown adipose tissue (BAT) of obese rats in the process of acupuncture treatment for obesity.

Relationship Between the Central Hypotensive Effect of Acupuncture or Melatonin and the Changes of Medullary Amino Acid Neurotransmitter

目的研究针刺降压和褪黑素(Mel)在下丘脑前核(AHA)引起应激性高血压大鼠血压降低的作用是否与延髓头端腹外侧区(rVLM)氨基酸类递质释放的改变有关,并分析Mel降压机制与针刺降压机制之间的关系.方法采用足底电击结合噪声的方法建立应激性高血压大鼠模型;针刺应用电针的方法,穴位取双侧足三里;采用中枢核团微量注射的方法给药,观察动脉血压的改变,同时应用脑内微透析的方法取样,并利用高效液相色谱-荧光检测的方法,分析透析液中氨基酸含量的改变.结果大鼠在接受应激处理后,血压升高,rVLM内谷氨酸(Glu)释放量增加,应激性高血压大鼠在经针刺处理后,血压回降,rVLM内Glu释放量回减.微量注射Mel至应激性高血压大鼠的AHA能使血压降低,rVLM内Glu释放量也减少,而γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)和牛磺酸(Tau)释放量则增加.在rVLM微量注射GABAA受体拮抗剂荷包牡丹碱(bicuc)则可部分阻断Mel在AHA引起的降压效应.结论针刺降压与rVLM内Glu释放量减少有关,而Mel在AHA引起的降压效应则与rVLM内Glu释放量减少,以及GABA和Tau释放量增加有关.针刺降压和Mel在AHA引起的降压机制都与rVLM内Glu释放量减少有关.     

Acupuncture Treatment Can Prevent Decrease of cAMP and cGMP Contents of the Sciatic Nerve in the Diabetes Rats

Ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ:ＴｏｏｂｓｅｒｖｅｔｈｅｅｆｆｅｃｔｏｆａｃｕｐｕｎｃｔｕｒｅｏｎｃＡＭＰａｎｄｃＧＭＰｃｏｎｔｅｎｔｓｏｆｔｈｅｓｃｉａｔｉｃｎｅｒｖｅｉｎｄｉａｂｅｔｅｓｒａｔｓ.Ｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ:33Ｗｉｓｔａｒｍａｌｅｒａｔｓｗｅｒｅｒａｎｄｏｍｌｙｄｉｖｉｄｅｄｉｎｔｏｎｏｒｍａｌｃｏｎｔｒｏｌｇｒｏｕｐ(ｎ=13),ｄｉａｂｅｔｅｓｍｏｄｅｌｇｒｏｕｐ(ｎ=9)ａｎｄａｃｕｐｕｎｃｔｕｒｅ ｍｏｄｅｌｇｒｏｕｐ(ｎ=12).Ｒａｔｓｏｆｔｈｅｌａｔｅｒａｌｔｗｏｇｒｏｕｐｓｗｅｒｅｉｎｊｅｃｔｅｄｉｎｔ…