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1.
Aims of study
Although Artemisia sacrorum Ledeb. (Compositae) has long been used as one kind of oriental folk medicine to treat some liver diseases, the underlying mechanism(s) by which these effects are induced remains to be defined. This study was designed to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of 50% ethanol eluate precipitation of Artemisia sacrorum Ledeb. (EEP) on acetaminophen (APAP)-induced toxicity in mice.Materials and methods
The levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels in mouse sera, and glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) in mouse liver tissues were measured. In addition, apoptosis and necrosis were evaluated by liver histopathological analysis and DNA laddering. Moreover, caspase-3 and -8 protein expressions in mouse livers were observed by Western blot analysis.Results
Pretreated with EEP prior to the administration of APAP significantly prevented the increases of AST, ALT, and TNF-α levels in sera, and suppressed the GSH depletion, MDA accumulation in liver tissues markedly. In addition, EEP prevented APAP-induced apoptosis and necrosis, as indicated by liver histopathological analysis, immunohistochemical analysis, and DNA laddering. Furthermore, according to the results from Western blot analysis, EEP decreased APAP-induced caspase-3 and caspase-8 protein expressions in mouse livers markedly.Conclusion
All these results suggest that the protective effects of EEP against APAP-induced liver injury may involve mechanisms associated with its inhibitive effects of lipid peroxidation and the down-regulation of TNF-α mediated apoptosis. In a word, EEP could be a valuable candidate for further development for prevention and treatment of hepatic injury. 相似文献2.
3.
Shidong Zhang Dongsheng Wang Xurong Wang Shihong Li Jingyu Li Hongsheng Li Zuoting Yan 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2013
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Bai-Hu-Tang (BHT) was traditionally used to reduce fever heat and promote generation of body fluids.Aim of the study
To investigate the effect and mechanism of BHT in the prevention of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) fever in manners of immune modulation.Materials and methods
The model of fever syndrome of Chinese medicine pattern was imitated by LPS injection i.v. in rabbits, and BHT was gavaged. The serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL-6, 10) and immunoglobulin (IgG, IgA, and IgM) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were tested by biochemical methods. Liver tissue damage was detected by hematoxylin–eosin (H&E) stain. Subpopulation of T cells was detected by Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorter (FACS). Genes expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) in liver tissue were assayed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Result
The results demonstrated that BHT prevented sudden increase of IL-10, TNF-α, ALT and AST, and liver damage induced by LPS. BHT also prevented significant decrease of the percentage of CD8+ T cells since LPS injection. At the same time, BHT did not affect the gene expression of TLR4 and serum concentration of three immunoglobulins, which were increased by LPS, but made gene expression of LBP higher.Conclusion
The results of this study indicated that BHT played an important role in immunity protection and anti-injury through preventing immunoinflammatory damage by LPS. The achievement thereby scientifically provided mechanism of BHT in the prevention of febrile disease, and supported its traditional use. 相似文献4.
Objective
To observe the clinical effects of acupoint thread-embedding method for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in pattern of liver qi stagnation and spleen deficiency.Methods
A total of 180 cases in conformity with the diagnostic criteria of NAFLD in pattern of liver qi stagnation and spleen deficiency were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group, 90 cases in each group, and finally 88 cases in the treatment group and 90 cases in the control group were recruited for statistics. The treatment group was managed by acupoint thread-embedding method, and the control group was treated by oral administration of Polyene Phosphatidylcholine capsules. Both groups were treated for 6 months. Before and after the treatment, liver enzymology, blood fat test, abdominal B ultrasonic examination, and assessment of clinical effects were respectively processed.Results
After treatment, alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG) decreased in the treatment group, and were significantly different from those in the control group after treatment (all P<0.05). There was no statistically significant inter-group difference in the degree of fatty liver (by B ultrasound examination) before treatment (P>0.05). After treatment, the improvement degree of fatty liver in the treatment group was more significant than that in the control group (P<0.05). The total effective rates were 89.8% in the treatment group and 76.7% in the control group, with a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05).Conclusion
The acupoint thread-embedding method can reduce the levels of ALT, AST, TC and TG in NAFLD patients, and can improve the pathologic degree of fatty liver and its clinical effects are remarkably better than that of oral medications.5.
Aim
CGX, a modified traditional Chinese herbal drug whose name means “liver cleaning,” is used to treat various liver disorders. This study investigated the protective effects of CGX and its mechanisms.Material and methods
After pretreating ICR mice twice daily with CGX (po, 50 or 100 mg/kg) or distilled water for three consecutive days, acute liver injury was induced by a single injection of CCl4 (ip, 10 mL/kg of 0.2% in olive oil) (n = 8 per group).Results
Pretreatment with CGX significantly attenuated the elevation in biochemical parameters, such as alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in serum, and the malondialdehyde concentrations in liver tissue. Pretreatment with CGX significantly restored the reduction of catalase activity and glutathione (GSH) content, but not superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and it inhibited the CCl4-induced high expression of iNOS and TNF-α in hepatic tissue.Conclusion
This study showed that CGX has hepatoprotective effects against free radical-induced acute injury via primarily antioxidative properties. 相似文献6.
7.
Yi-Hang Wu Xiao-Meng Zhang Ming-Hui Hu Xiu-Mei Wu Yu Zhao 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2009,126(1):50-56
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Laggera alata, as a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, has been widely used to ameliorate some ailments associated with inflammation including hepatitis in folk.Aim of the study
Based on anti-inflammatory activity of total phenolics from Laggera alata (TPLA), to further validate the remarkable curative effect Laggera alata in hepatitis, hepatoprotective effect of TPLA was examined.Materials and methods
TPLA was prepared and its principle components were quantificationally analyzed. The hepatoprotective effects of TPLA were studied using a CCl4-induced injury model in primary cultured neonatal rat hepatocytes, and a CCl4-induced acute and chronic damage model in vivo.Results
TPLA significantly reduced cellular leakage of hepatocyte aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and improved cell viability in vitro. TPLA markedly decreased the serum AST and ALT levels of the mice, the levels of AST, ALT, total protein, albumin, and sialic acid in rat serum, and the hydroxyproline level in rat liver. Meanwhile, severe hepatic lesions induced by CCl4 in mice/rats were remarkably improved by the administration of TPLA.Conclusions
This investigation verifies the hepatoprotective effect of TPLA in vitro/in vivo and clarifies its active components dicaffeoylquinic acids responsible for hepatoprotective potential. 相似文献8.
Wang JQ Li J Zou YH Cheng WM Lu C Zhang L Ge JF Huang C Jin Y Lv XW Hu CM Liu LP 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2009,121(1):54-60
Aim of the study
To evaluate the protective effects of total flavonoids of Litsea Coreana leve (TFLC) on rat high fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis model.Materials and methods
Rats were given either a high fat diet alone or the same diet plus TFLC for 4 weeks.Results
TFLC improved liver histology with reduced serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), as well as decreased the over accumulation lipids in serum and liver. TFLC increased serum levels of leptin and insulin, while decreased serum TNFα level in high fat diet fed rat. Furthermore, TFLC was found increased the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) in high fat diet fed rat liver. These benefits were associated with increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) in high fat diet fed rat liver.Conclusions
TFLC exerts protective effects against hepatic steatosis in rats fed with high fat diet possibly through its antioxidant actions, improving the adipocytokines release and increasing the expression of PPARα. 相似文献9.
Deng JS Chang YC Wen CL Liao JC Hou WC Amagaya S Huang SS Huang GJ 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2012,142(3):795-803
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Vitis thunbergii var. taiwaniana are traditionally used for the treatment of diarrhea, fracture and injury, jaundice, and hepatitis in Taiwan.Aim of the study
The hepatoprotective activity of its plant extracts seems to be been associated with its antioxidant activity. This paper aims to investigate the in vitro and in vivo antioxidant effects of the ethanol extract of Vitis thunbergii (EVT).Materials and methods
In HPLC analysis, the fingerprint chromatogram of EVT was established. Antioxidant ability of EVT was investigated by employing several established in vitro methods. In vivo antioxidant activity was tested against CCl4-induced toxicity in mice. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were detected in the blood to indicate hepatic injury. Product of lipid peroxidation (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and reduced glutathione (GSH) contents were evaluated for oxidative stress in hepatic injury. Moreover, histopathological observation was assayed for the degree of hepatic injury.Results
EVT exhibited strong antioxidant ability in vitro. After oral administration of EVT significantly decreased ALT and AST, and ameliorated the oxidative stress in hepatic tissue and increased the activity of CAT, SOD, GPx, and GSH. Serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin−1β (IL-1β), and nitric oxide (NO) were decreased in the group treated with CCl4 plus EVT. Western blotting revealed that EVT blocked protein expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in CCl4-treated rats, significantly. Histopathological examination of livers showed that EVT reduced fatty degeneration, cytoplasmic vacuolization and necrosis in CCl4-treated rats.Conclusion
This study suggests that EVT possesses antioxidant effects in vitro and hepatoprotective effect on acute liver injuries induced by CCl4in vivo, and the results suggested that the effect of EVT against CCl4-induced liver damage is related to its antioxidant properties. 相似文献10.
Aim of the study
The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of dry latex (DL) of Calotropis procera, a plant of the family Asclepiadaceae, on the functions of liver and kidney in normal rats.Materials and methods
Aqueous suspension of DL was orally administered to rats at doses of 10, 100 and 400 mg/kg for a period of 45 days and the effect on various parameters reflecting liver and kidney functions was compared with that of normal controls.Results
Treatment with DL did not alter the serum levels of aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), creatinine, urea and urinary levels of glucose and protein as compared to the normal rats. It exhibited a modulatory role in maintaining the levels of blood glucose and serum insulin. The liver and kidney of DL treated and normal rats were also comparable with regard to the tissue levels of oxidative stress markers and histology. Further, no signs of toxicity were observed in the DL treated rats over the study period.Conclusion
Our study reveals that aqueous suspension of Calotropis procera latex does not produce any toxicity and could be safely used for therapeutic purpose at the doses studied. 相似文献11.
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Securidaca inappendiculata (SI) is a traditional antirheumatic medicine used in China. The present study was designed to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of dichloromethane fraction of SI (SID) at three different doses on adjuvant induced arthritis (AA) rats.Methods
Arthritis severity was evaluated by arthritic score, body weight loss, paw circumference, histological changes and hyperplasia of lymphatic tissues. Serum samples were collected for estimation of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), hydroxy radical (OH·), nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), N-acetyl glucosaminidase (NAG), sialic acid (SA), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT). The levels of GSH, MDA, NAG and SA in liver were also assessed. The levels of interleukin-1 (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were determined using ELISA method. Another portion of blood was used for total and differential leucocyte counts.Results
Administration with SID (at high dose with 100 mg/kg) significantly ameliorated the AA severity, suggested by the modulatory effects on body weight loss, paw swelling, hyperplasia of lymphatic tissues and synovial membrane, neutrocytosis and lymphocytosis. It also decreased levels of NO, MDA and OH·, restored SOD and GSH levels in serum. The abnormal increased levels of AST, ALT, ALP, NAG and SA significantly were reverted (compared with AA rats, P<0.01). A similar result was observed in livers. Levels of IL-1, TNF-α, MCP-1 and VEGF were reduced dramatically by SID too.Conclusion
The results suggest SID possesses substantial anti-arthritic activity. The therapeutic efficacy may be due to immumodepressive effects, cytokines regulation, increasing membrane stability and antioxidantive activity. 相似文献12.
Ethnopharmacologic relevance
Myelophil, an ethanol extract of Astragali Radix and Salviae Radix, has been used for patients with chronic fatigue-associated disorders in traditional Oriental clinics.Aim of the study
This study aimed to evaluate the pharmacologic effects of Myelophil using a restraint stress-induced liver injury model and to explore the mechanisms underlying these effects.Materials and methods
Distilled water or Myelophil (50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, or 200 mg/kg) was orally administered to 6-week-old BALB/c male mice once daily for 5 day. The mice were subjected to restraint stress for 6 h, and serum levels of aspartate and alanine aminotransferases (AST and ALT, respectively), total reactive oxygen species, and total antioxidant capacity were determined. Hepatic tissue levels of lipid peroxidation, antioxidant activity (as represented by superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione reductase activity), and interleukin-1 were also measured.Results
Restraint stress induced severe oxidative stress and hepatic injury, as evidenced by marked elevation of serum ALT and AST levels, increased levels of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation activity, and depletion of antioxidant enzyme activities. Myelophil pretreatment significantly attenuated not only the elevation of serum ALT and AST but also the increase in reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation. It also restored a significant fraction of the catalase, glutathione reductase, and peroxidase activity in liver tissues. Myelophil pretreatment also partially normalized the levels of interleukin-1β gene and protein expression.Conclusions
These results suggest that Myelophil has potent protective effects against restraint stress-induced liver injury via antioxidant activities, and have relevance to the clinical applications of Myelophil in field of traditional herbal medicine. 相似文献13.
Yizhu Dong Jianchun Huang Xing Lin Shijun ZhangYang Jiao Tao LiangZhaoni Chen Renbin Huang 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2014
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Yulangsan polysaccharide (YLSPS) is often used in popular folk medicine in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of China as a chief ingredient of Millettia pulchra, which is used as an hepatic protection, anti-aging and memory improving agent. In this study, the hepatoprotective effects of YLSPS against isoniazid (INH) or rifampicin and isoniazid (RFP+INH)-induced liver injury were investigated in mice.Materials and methods
The liver injury was induced by intragastric administration of INH or RFP+INH daily for 10 days. During the experiment, the model group received INH or RFP+INH only, and the normal control group received an equal volume of saline. Treatment groups received not only INH or RFP+INH but also the corresponding drugs, DDB (200 mg/kg/day) or YLSPS (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg/day) 2 h after the administration of INH or RFP+INH.Results
Analysis experiments showed that YLSPS significantly alleviated liver injury as indicated by the decreased levels of ALT and AST and the increased levels of SOD, GSH and GSH-Px. Moreover, YLSPS could effectively reduce the pathological tissue damage. The research on the mechanisms underlying the hepatoprotective effect showed that YLSPS was able to reduce lipid peroxidation and activate the anti-oxidative defense system.Conclusion
Our results show that YLSPS is effective in attenuating hepatic injury in the INH or RFP+INH-induced mouse model, and could be developed as a new drug for treatment of liver injury. 相似文献14.
Rong Wang Xiao-Yan Yu Zhu-Ying Guo Yu-Jie Wang Yan Wu Yong-Fang Yuan 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2012
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Hepatic fibrosis, a precursor of liver cirrhosis, is a consequence of severe liver damage that occurs in many patients with chronic liver diseases. Salvianolic acid B (SA-B) is one of water soluble compounds derived from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen in Chinese) widely used for chronic liver diseases. In this study we investigated the protective effects of SA-B on CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis.Materials and methods
Hepatic fibrosis in rats was induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Rats were divided into four groups, including normal controls (N group), model (M group), low SA-B of 10 mg/kg body weight (L group), or high SA-B of 20 mg/kg body weight (H group). After 6 weeks, macroscopic features of the liver and weight ratio of liver to body were measured. Liver fibrosis of the rats was evaluated by HE and Massion staining. Activities of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and total bilirubin (TBIL) were checked with automated biochemistry analyzer. Serum levels of hyaluronic acid (HA), type IV collagen (IV-C), Laminin (LN) and procollagen III peptide (PIIIP) were detected by radioimmunoassay (RIA). The expression of NF-κB and IκBα was detected by western blotting.Results
SA-B was shown to reduce CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats. The serum levels of ALT, AST, and TBIL were significantly lower in the SA-B treatment groups than in the M group. Compared the M group, the serum levels of HA, LN, IV-C and PIIIP were decreased markedly after treatment with SA-B, especially in the H group. Treatment with SA-B at 10–20 mg/kg (L and N groups, respectively) dose-dependently decreased the expression of NF-κB in the nucleolus and increased the expression levels of NF-κB and IκBα protein in the cytoplasm compared to that of the M group.Conclusions
This study reveals that SA-B could prevent the progression of liver angiogenesis and alleviate liver fibrosis possibly by regulating the expression of NF-κB and IκBα. 相似文献15.
Xichao Xia Yuhong Ma Xiankun Xing Chuanfeng Huang Ling Li Gaixia Gui Qingchun Liu 《Journal of traditional Chinese medicine》2013,33(4):518-523
Objevtive
To investigate the antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties of the different extracts Guizhencao (Herba Bidentis Bipinnatae) against liver injury in hyperlipidemia rats.Methods
The rats were divided into 7 groups, with 10 rats in each. Rats were treated with high-fat diet for 18 weeks besides the normal control group, then rats in both normal control and model groups were received 5 mL/kg−1·day−1 of saline and those in the positive control group with 2 mg/kg−1·day−1 of lovastatin. Rats in the positive control group and different Guizhencao (Herba Bidentis Bipinnatae) extracts treatment groups (ethyl acetate extract group, n-hexane extract group, ethanol extract group, and aqueous extract group) were treated with corresponding extract at a concentration of 5 mL/kg−1·day−1. After 8 weeks treatment, all rats were sacrificed and total blood samples were collected. Histological analysis of liver was underdone by hematoxylin and eosin. The levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), glouse (GLU), cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol were measured according to standard procedure using auto-analyzer. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in liver were ananlyzed by procedure instruction.Results
The histopathological analysis implied that the administration of Guizhencao (Herba Bidentis Bipinnatae) extracts resulted in hepatoprotective role compared with that of the model group. In addition, the high-fat diet caused a remarkable increase of ALT, AST, GLU, TC, TG, LDL-C and MDA levels. A decline in HDL-C and SOD concentrations and a reversal of effects were observed in different Guizhencao (Herba Bidentis Bipinnatae) extracts groups, especially in the aqueous extract and ethanol extract groups.Conclusions
The different extracts of Guizhencao (Herba Bidentis Bipinnatae) can play a protecting role against liver injury in hyperlipidemia rats maybe through decreasing ALT, AST, GLU, TC, TG, LDL-C and MDA levels and enhancing the liver anti-oxidative ability. 相似文献16.
Aim of the study
to evaluate the anti-fibrotic effects of BJ-JN (a traditional Chinese formulation) in CCl4-induced liver fibrosis in rats.Materials and methods
BJ-JN (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 g/kg) was administrated via gavage once a day starting from the fifth weeks after the CCl4 treatment for subsequent 9 weeks. Evaluated with liver and spleen index, serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), hyaluronic acid (HA), nitric oxide (NO), hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, as well as with histopathologic changes of liver. The proliferation and collagen synthesis of primary hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) from normal, model and BJ-JN (2.0 g/kg) treatment rats were examined with 3H-TdR and 3H-Pro uptake assay, respectively.Results
BJ-JN (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 g/kg) effectively reduced the elevated levels of liver and spleen index, serum ALT, AST, NO, HA, and hepatic MDA contents, enhance the reduced hepatic SOD activity in CCl4-treated rats. The histopathological analysis suggested that BJ-JN obviously alleviated the degree of liver fibrosis induced by CCl4. The proliferation and collagen synthesis of HSC isolated from BJ-JN (2.0 g/kg) treatment rats were remarkably inhibited.Conclusions
Those results suggest BJ-JN has a protective and therapeutic effect on liver fibrosis induced by CCl4, which might be associated with its anti-oxidative activity, inhibitory activity on HSC proliferation and collagen synthesis. 相似文献17.
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19.
Xiangchun Shen Yuping Tang Ruihui Yang Li Yu Taihui Fang Jin-ao Duan 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2009
Aim of the study
The study was aimed to investigate the protective effect against hepatic injury induced by CCl4 for the ethanolic extract of FZJ.Materials and methods
The alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were detected as biomarker in blood of hepatic injury. Product of lipid peroxidation (MDA), activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and reduced glutathione (GSH) contents were evaluated for oxidative stress in hepatic injury. Moreover, histopathological observation was assayed at the degree of hepatic injury.Results
After administrated the FZJ, the dose of 200 mg/kg significantly decreased ALT and AST, and attenuated histopathology of hepatic injury, and ameliorated the oxidative stress in hepatic tissue. Partly assayed indexes were ameliorated after administrated FZJ at the dose of 100 mg/kg.Conclusion
These results indicated that hepatic protective effects of FZJ were very relevant to modulate the oxidative stress in hepatic injury. 相似文献20.
Ablat Abliz Qimangul Aji Elzira Abdusalam Xiaowei Sun Adil Abdurahman Wenting Zhou Nicholas Moore Anwar Umar 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2014