经阴道三维超声诊断子宫内膜癌及对肌层浸润程度的评估

目的探讨经阴道三维超声（3-DTVS）诊断子宫内膜癌及判断肌层浸润深度的价值。方法收集2010年1月~2013年6月在我院经手术治疗的子宫内膜癌患者148例。全部病例术前均应用3-DTVS多平面和血管成像技术以及体积测量功能诊断子宫内膜癌及肌层浸润深度进行评估（3-DTVS组）;45例经核磁共振(MRI)检查为对照组（MRI组）,以手术后病理结果判断符合率,对比两组诊断子宫内膜癌及其肌层浸润情况。结果经3-DTVS诊断子宫内膜癌的符合率为90.1%,判断肌层浸润的符合率为78.3%。应用3-DTVS与MRI诊断子宫内膜癌及肌层浸润准确率两组间无显著性差异（P>0.05）。结论3-DTVS对子宫内膜癌及肌层浸润深度有重要诊断价值。      

经阴道超声对子宫内膜癌浸润深度评价的研究

目的:评价经阴道彩色多普勒超声诊断子宫内膜癌浸润深度的准确率及影响因素。方法:回顾性分析209例子宫内膜癌患者术前经阴道彩色多普勒超声检查结果,与病理诊断结果对照并进行评价,同时统计分析病理类型、子宫大小及患者年龄对超声诊断准确率的影响。结果:209例子宫内膜癌患者中,无肌层浸润31例,浅肌层浸润134例,深肌层浸润44例。经阴道彩色多普勒超声判断有无深肌层浸润的准确率为77.51%。统计分析显示,病理类型、子宫大小及患者年龄在确诊组与误诊组之间差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:经阴道彩色多普勒超声为判断子宫内膜癌的浸润深度提供了一定参考。子宫内膜癌的病理类型、子宫大小及患者年龄对超声判断内膜癌浸润深度的准确率无影响。     

三维超声在子宫内膜癌中的应用现状

子宫内膜癌为妇科常见恶性肿瘤之一,早发现、早诊断和完善的术前评估对子宫内膜癌患者至关重要。目前,二维超声测量子宫内膜厚度以及评估血流信号对子宫内膜癌有一定的诊断价值,但对于肌层浸润深度以及宫颈浸润与否的评估价值有限。随着技术发展,三维超声也逐渐应用于诊断子宫内膜癌。本文对三维超声在子宫内膜癌诊断中的应用进展以及诊断价值进行综述。     

经阴道彩色多普勒超声术前判断子宫内膜癌肌层浸润程度

目的探讨经阴道彩色多普勒超声(TVCDS)术前判断子宫内膜癌肌层浸润程度的准确性及其临床应用价值。方法对58冽子宫内膜癌患者术前行TVCDS检查，根据二：维图像特点和病灶内部及周围肌层的彩色血流情况，判断其肌层浸润程度，与手术病理结果作对比研究。结果TVCDS术前判断子宫内膜癌肌层浸润总的准确率为87．9％；无肌层浸润和浅肌层浸润的准确率分别为92.3％和85．2％；深肌层浸润的准确率为88．9％，其敏感性为84．2％，特异性：勾94．9％。结论TVCDS能较准确地判断子宫内膜癌肌层浸润程度，可作为术前判断子宫内膜癌肌层浸润程度的首选影像学检查方法，具有广泛的临床应用价值。     

经阴道彩色多普勒超声诊断Ⅰ期子宫内膜癌的临床价值

[目的]探讨经阴道彩色多普勒超声（TVCDS）诊断Ⅰ期子宫内膜癌的临床价值.[方法]回顾分析本院经手术病理证实的97例I期子宫内膜癌患者的二维及彩色血流超声表现,判断其肌层浸润程度,并与术后病理结果及常规检查者（排除子宫内膜癌者）进行对照分析.[结果]子宫内膜癌患者子宫内膜增厚,肌层浸润明显,血流丰富并阻力指数降低,TVCDS术前判断子宫内膜癌Ⅰa、Ⅰb、Ⅰc期准确率分别为77.8%、82.5%、93.33%,Ⅰ期子宫内膜癌的灵敏度87.50%,特异性88.46%.[结论]TVCDS能较好显示宫内膜癌肌层浸润程度及血流改变,对准确诊断、确定手术范围及判断预后具有重要临床应用价值.     

子宫内膜癌的阴道超声诊断与临床价值

目的探讨经阴道超声诊断子宫内膜癌的临床价值。方法对45例子宫内膜癌患者经阴道超声检查,测量子宫内膜厚度,观察内部回声、边缘轮廓及与周围组织的关系,彩色多普勒超声检查内部及周围血流情况。结果经阴道超声检查子宫内膜癌声像图为子宫内膜增厚、呈等回声或增强回声、轮廓不清晰、不同时期对肌层有不同程度的浸润改变。彩色多普勒测得内部点状或条索状快速低阻血流信号,与病理结果对照,超声诊断率为86.7%。结论阴道超声及彩色多普勒超声诊断子宫内膜癌具有较高符合率,可与其他子宫内膜病变作出鉴别诊断,并可判断内膜癌对肌层的浸润程度,具有重要的临床诊断价值。     

多普勒超声诊断子宫内膜癌的价值和临床病理关系

目的 研究分析多普勒超声诊断子宫内膜癌的价值和临床病理关系。方法 选取我院收治的子宫内膜癌患者80例,术前进行彩色多普勒超声检查及诊断性刮宫病理检测,对比分析两组检查结果。结果 超声诊断子宫内膜癌患者无肌层浸润、浅肌层浸润、深肌层浸润诊断符合率分别为97.4%、92.6%、80.0%,超声诊断确诊74例,超声诊断总符合率为92.5%;肌层浸润程度越深PI及血流显示率也随着明显升高（P<0.05）,RI则明显下降（P<0.05）。结论 多普勒超声诊断子宫内膜癌、区分浸润深度准确度高,对临床准确诊断子宫内膜癌及制定合理的治疗方案意义重大。     

MRI及彩超对子宫内膜癌的诊断价值

目的:探讨子宫内膜癌的MRI及彩超表现,评价MRI及彩超对子宫内膜癌的诊断及术前分期的价值。材料和方法:回顾性分析24例经病理证实的子宫内膜癌患者MRI及彩超征象,对18例行手术治疗者术前通过MRI及彩超对肿瘤进行分期,并与术后病理结果相对照。结果:子宫内膜癌MRI表现:T2WI表现为子宫内膜增宽,癌灶信号高于肌层,但略低于邻近尚残留的内膜和腔内黏液。分期准确度为77.8%,对肌层浸润深度判断的准确度为87.5%。子宫内膜癌彩超表现:肿瘤内彩色血流信号丰富,呈现低阻力血流,RI=0.35±0.05, 彩超分期准确度77.8%,对肌层浸润深度判断的准确度为75%。结论:MRI及彩超能多方位清晰显示子宫内膜癌癌灶及侵犯范围;对子宫内膜癌的术前分期有很高的价值。经阴道彩色多普勒超声(TVCDS)对肌层浸润深度及邻近盆腔有无转移结节病变显示不如MRI清晰、直观,综合分析判断将大大提高子宫内膜癌的诊断及术前分期的准确性。     

超声检查估计子宫内膜癌浸润子宫肌层和宫颈的价值

目的 探讨超声检查子宫内膜癌子宫浸润程度的精确性。方法 对经诊断性刮宫、宫腔镜下活检等诊断为子宫内膜癌的89例患者,术前进行经腹部和经阴道超声检查,描述肿瘤浸润子宫肌层深度及宫颈管程度,在超声检查后4天内进行手术,将超声检查所见与病理学检查结果进行比较。结果 超声检查描述的子宫肌层浸润深度及宫颈受累程度与病理学检查均无显著性差别(P>0.05)。结论 阴道超声检查能较正确地显示子宫内膜癌浸润子宫肌层的程度和子宫颈的累及情况。     

经阴道彩色多普勒超声对子宫内膜癌肌层浸润程度的诊断价值

子宫内膜癌在术前进行较准确的浸润程度判断，对手术范围的选择及判断预后有重要意义。本文应用经阴道彩色多普勒超声（TV—CDU）对子宫内膜癌患者进行术前检查，判断子宫内膜癌肌层浸润程度，并与手术病理结果对照。探讨经阴道彩色多普勒超声对子宫内膜癌肌层浸润程度的判断及其临床应用价值。     

Preoperative assessment of myometrial invasion of endometrial cancer by MR imaging and intrauterine ultrasonography with a high-frequency probe: preliminary study.

This study was undertaken to assess the capabilities of intrauterine ultrasonography performed while inflating the endometrial cavity with fluid and magnetic resonance imaging as a means to assess the depth of myometrial invasion by endometrial cancer preoperatively. Twenty women with endometrial disorders underwent preoperative intrauterine ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging. We introduced the probe and hysteroscope simultaneously into the uterine cavity and observed both the uterine cavity surface and cross-sectional uterine muscle. We classified the depth of myometrial invasion as none, superficial (less than half of the myometrium), or deep (more than half of the myometrium). The accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging and intrauterine ultrasonography in assessing the depth of myometrial invasion was 85%. In two cases, intrauterine sonography was able to demonstrate superficial myometrial invasion that could not be diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging. In contrast, intrauterine ultrasonography was unable to diagnose myometrial invasion in two cases in which magnetic resonance imaging could diagnose it. Intrauterine sonography may be useful for estimation of myometrial invasion of endometrial cancer.     

DWI-T2WI融合图像判断Ⅰ期子宫内膜癌肌层浸润深度

目的探讨DWI与T2WI融合图像在判定Ⅰ期子宫内膜癌肌层浸润深度中的价值。方法对28例Ⅰ期子宫内膜癌患者行常规MR及DWI检查。采用T2WI和T2WI-DWI融合图像分别测量肌层浸润深度及肌层厚度,计算二者比值,并将该比值与术后病理标本测量的肌层浸润深度进行比较。应用ROC曲线评价两种方法对肿瘤是否浸润肌层及是否浸润深肌层的诊断效能。结果术后病理诊断无肌层浸润3例,浅肌层浸润13例,深肌层浸润12例。对于评估肿瘤是否浸润肌层及深肌层,T2WI-DWI融合图像诊断效能优于T2WI,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 MR对术前评估子宫内膜癌肌层浸润深度有一定价值;T2WI-DWI融合图像较常规T2WI判断更准确。     

High frequency transvaginal ultrasonography in preoperative assessment of myometrial invasion in endometrial cancer.

The aim of the study was to assess the depth of myometrial invasion by endometrial cancer using preoperative 5-9 MHz, high frequency transvaginal ultrasonography as compared with postoperative assessment using histopathologic examination. The study included 120 patients with histologically proven cancers of the endometrium. All patients underwent transvaginal sonography before surgery. The depth of myometrial invasion was classified as none, inner half of uterine wall, and outer half of uterine wall. Of 106 (88.3%) patients with proven myometrial invasion, 98 cases (92.5%) were revealed by sonography. In 109 cases (90.8%) invasion was believed to be present on transvaginal sonography. Histologically proven invasion that correlated with sonography was shown in 88 patients (73.3%). In 32 patients (26.7%) ultrasonography could not correctly predict the depth of myometrial invasion. The depth of invasion was underestimated in 10 (8.3%) cases and overestimated in 22 (18.3%) cases. Preoperative assessment of invasion of the uterine wall by transvaginal ultrasonography had an accuracy of 73% if correlated with the definitive histopathologic examination. The role of high frequency transvaginal ultrasonography in preoperative assessment of the depth of myometrial invasion in patients with endometrial cancer is limited.     

超声造影对Ⅰ期子宫内膜癌分型的价值探讨

目的 探讨超声造影是否有助于区分子宫内膜癌IA期和IB期.方法 对经诊刮证实为子宫内膜癌的76例患者进行经腹超声及超声造影检查,选取48例手术后病理证实为子宫内膜癌I期的患者进行研究.以术后病理为金标准,检验常规经腹超声和超声造影诊断子宫内膜癌IA期(无肌层侵犯或侵犯浅肌层)和IB期(侵犯深肌层)的效能.结果 21例(43.75%,21/48) 子宫内膜癌增强早于或等于周边肌层及宫颈,其中12例为IA期,9例为IB期(P<0.05);27例(56.25%,27/48) 增强晚于肌层及宫颈.经腹常规超声和超声造影判断IB期子宫内膜癌的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值及准确率分别为 61.25% 对 69.23%,77.14% 对 85.71%,50.00% 对 64.28%,72.92% 对 88.23%,72.92% 对 81.25%,两种方法诊断子宫内膜癌IA期和IB期的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 超声造影判断I期子宫内膜癌侵犯肌层深度方面没有显著的优势.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the accuracy of contrast enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) in determining the depth of myometrial invasion in endometrial carcinoma in stage Ⅰ.Methods Seventy-six patients previously diagnosed of endometrial carcinoma by curettage of uterine underwent transabdominal sonography (TAS) and CEUS to assess myometrial invasion,among which 48 patients proved to endometrial carcinoma in stage Ⅰ after total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy were studied.The findings of TAS and CEUS to determine endometrial carcinoma IA (no myometrial involvement or invasion of the inner half of the myometrium) and IB( invasion of the outer half of the myometrium) were compared with pathology after abdominal hysterectomy.Results Twenty one tumours (43.75%,21/48) were enhanced earlier than or simultaneously as myometrium and cervix,among which 12 cases were IA stages,while 9 cases were IB stages (P<0.05);and 27 tumors (56.25%,27/48)were enhanced late than myometrium and cervix.There was no statistical difference between TAS and CEUS in detecting endometrial carcinoma in IA and IB(P>0.05).The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value and accuracy of TAS and CEUS in diagnosing endometrial carcinoma in IB were 61.25% vs 69.23%,77.14% vs 85.71%,50.00% vs 64.28%,72.92% vs 88.23%,72.92% vs 81.25% respectively.Conclusions CEUS is not superior to TAS in detecting deep invasion of endometrial carcinoma in stage Ⅰ.     

动态增强MRI判断I期子宫内膜癌肌层浸润的价值

目的：探讨MRI动态增强扫描对判断I期子宫内膜癌肌层浸润深度的价值。方法回顾分析23例经手术病理证实为I期子宫内膜癌的T1WI、T2WI平扫及动态增强MRI表现,根据FIGO分期原则进行MR分期,并与病理结果对照。结果23例I期子宫内膜癌T2WI结合带模糊或不清17例,结合带中断5例,1例结合带未显示。动态增强内膜下强化带完整1例,强化带中断17例,强化带未显示、肌层内表面不规则5例。与病理结果对照,动态增强判断肌层浸润深度的诊断符合率为87%。结论动态增强MRI对I期子宫内膜癌的诊断和分期具有较高的价值,应为术前常规检查。     

Transvaginal ultrasonography with and without saline infusion in assessment of myometrial invasion of endometrial cancer.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of saline infusion ultrasonography (SIUS) compared with transvaginal ultrasonography (TVUS) in the assessment of myometrial invasion of endometrial cancer. METHODS: A total of 53 patients with endometrial cancer were examined preoperatively with TVUS and SIUS with respect to myometrial invasion. All patients were postmenopausal. Ultrasonographic findings were compared with histopathologic findings of the surgical specimens. RESULTS: The median age of the patients +/- SD was 64 +/- 7 years (range, 51-77 years). In all patients, the procedure was well tolerated. The median thickness of malignant endometria was 17 +/- 9 mm (range, 2-51 mm). The specimens consisted of 40 endometrioid adenocarcinomas, 2 serous papillary carcinomas, 5 clear cell adenocarcinomas, 2 adenosquamous carcinomas, 3 mixed types, and 1 undifferentiated carcinoma. There were 18 grade G1, 24 G2, and 11 G3 cases. On histopathologic examination, superficial myometrial invasion (50% of the myometrium) was present in 28 (52.8%). For superficial myometrial invasion, evaluation by TVUS was accurate in 19 (76.0%) of 25 cases, and evaluation by SIUS was accurate in 18 (72.0%) of 25. For deep myometrial invasion, evaluation by TVUS was accurate in 24 (85.7%) of 28 cases, and evaluation by SIUS was accurate in 27 (96.4%) of 28. CONCLUSIONS: Transvaginal ultrasonography is a reliable method for assessing myometrial invasion of endometrial cancer. Saline infusion ultrasonography showed slightly better accuracy in the assessment of myometrial invasion than TVUS, but the differences were not statistically significant.     

DWI和动态增强MRI定量参数诊断子宫内膜癌肌层浸润

目的 探讨DWI和动态对比增强MRI（DCE-MRI）定量参数诊断子宫内膜癌浸润深度的价值。方法 回顾性分析45例经手术病理证实为子宫内膜样腺癌患者的资料,均于术前1~2周接受常规MRI及DWI、DCE-MRI。根据病理结果按子宫内膜癌肌层浸润深度分为无或浅肌层浸润组（n=25）和深肌层浸润组（n=20）,比较2组间ADC值及DCE-MRI定量参数值（K^trans、K_ep、V_e）的差异;绘制ROC曲线,评价有统计学差异的参数诊断子宫内膜癌肌层浸润深度的效能。结果 子宫内膜癌深肌层浸润组K^trans值高于无或浅肌层浸润组,差异有统计学意义（P=0.016）,2组间ADC值、K_ep、V_e差异均无统计学意义（P均>0.05）。K^trans诊断子宫内膜癌肌层浸润深度的ROC曲线下面积为0.735（P=0.007）,以K^trans=0.355/min为临界值,诊断子宫内膜癌肌层浸润深度的敏感度、特异度分别为80.0%、60.0%。结论 DCE-MRI定量参数中,K^trans值有助于评估子宫内膜癌肌层侵犯深度。     

磁共振成像在子宫内膜癌诊断和分期中的应用

子宫内膜癌最重要的预后因素是病变的分期,肌层浸润深度及组织学分级等.MRI检查使分期准确性明显提高,尤其对于病人肌层浸润深度的评估.本文比较超声、CT、磁共振成像在子宫内膜癌分期中的作用及分期准确性差异,结果MRI是子宫内膜癌术前分期最准确的影像学检查手段,能够正确指导临床治疗方式的选择.     

经阴道彩色多普勒超声对绝经后子宫出血疾病的诊断价值

目的　评价经阴道彩色多普勒超声（ＴＶＳ）对绝经后子宫出血妇女内膜疾病的诊断价值以及对子宫内膜癌肌层浸润的估测。方法　对１１１例绝经后子宫出血妇女进行ＴＶＳ检查, 观察其内膜厚度、内膜回声结构及血流。结果　ＴＶＳ测量内膜厚度＜ ５ｍ ｍ 时可不做诊刮, 定期进行观察; 内膜癌和良性病变的血流显示率及动脉ＲＩ值有显著性差异（Ｐ＜ ０．０５）; ＴＶＳ能较精确地判断内膜癌的肌层浸润, 与病理结果有极显著相关性（ｒ＝ ０．９８,Ｐ＜ ０．００１）。结论　ＴＶＳ可作为绝经后子宫出血患者的首选检查方法