Antibacterial activity of Chamomilla recutita oil extract against Helicobacter pylori

The antibacterial activity of an oil extract of Chamomilla recutita flowers against Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) was evaluated by the agar dilution method using Colombia agar with 10% sheep blood, an inoculum of McFarland 0.5 and incubation in an anaerobic atmosphere at 37 degrees C for 3 days. The oil extract was prepared by olive oil extraction of Chamomilla recutita flowers using rotary pulsation. The MIC(90) (minimal inhibitory concentration) and MIC(50) were 125 mg/mL and 62.5 mg/mL, respectively. It was shown that the Chamomilla recutita oil extract inhibited the production of urease by H. pylori. In addition, it was found that the morphological and fermentative properties of H. pylori were affected by application of the Chamomilla recutita oil extract.     

Antibacterial activity of medicinal plant extracts against periodontopathic bacteria

This study was performed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Althaea officinalis L. roots, Arnica montana L. flowers, Calendula officinalis L. flowers, Hamamelis virginiana L. leaves, Illicium verum Hook. fruits and Melissa officinalis L. leaves, against anaerobic and facultative aerobic periodontal bacteria: Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella spp., Fusobacterium nucleatum, Capnocytophaga gingivalis, Veilonella parvula, Eikenella corrodens, Peptostreptococcus micros and Actinomyces odontolyticus. The methanol extracts of H. virginiana and A. montana and, to a lesser extent, A. officinalis were shown to possess an inhibiting activity (MIC < or = 2048 mg/L) against many of the species tested. In comparison, M. officinalis and C. officinalis extracts had a lower inhibiting activity (MIC > or = 2048 mg/L) against all the tested species with the exception of Prevotella sp. Illicium verum methanol extract was not very active though it had a particular good activity against E. corrodens. The results suggest the use of the alcohol extracts of H. virginiana, A. montana and A. officinalis for topical medications in periodontal prophylactics.     

Susceptibility of Helicobacter pylori to essential oil of Dittrichia viscosa subsp. revoluta

The essential oil of Dittrichia viscosa subsp. revoluta and its fractions were assessed for anti-Helicobacter activity. The essential oil was isolated by hydrodistillation, submitted to flash column chromatography and analysed by gas chromatography, gas-chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry and (13)C-nuclear magnetic resonance. The anti-Helicobacter activity was determined by incorporation of the crude essential oil and oxygenated fractions of the oil into the culture medium. At a concentration of 0.025 microL/mL no recovery was registered when one of the oxygenated fractions of the oil, mainly constituted by 3-methoxy cuminyl isobutyrate (about 40%), was used. This fraction revealed a higher activity against the six H. pylori strains tested when compared with the other oxygenated fractions. The crude essential oil at a concentration of 0.33 microL/mL reduced the initial population of H. pylori CCUG 15818 of 8.52 +/- 0.30 log(10) cfu/mL to 7.67 +/- 0.22 log(10) cfu/mL. The susceptibility of several Helicobacter pylori strains to the oxygenated fraction of Dittrichia viscosa subsp. revoluta essential oil suggests the possible use of these natural products in combating this widespread infection.     

Selective Antibacterial Activity of Patchouli Alcohol Against Helicobacter pylori Based on Inhibition of Urease

The aim of this study is to evaluate the antibacterial activity and urease inhibitory effects of patchouli alcohol (PA), the bioactive ingredient isolated from Pogostemonis Herba, which has been widely used for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. The activities of PA against selected bacteria and fungi were determined by agar dilution method. It was demonstrated that PA exhibited selective antibacterial activity against Helicobacter pylori, without influencing the major normal gastrointestinal bacteria. Noticeably, the antibacterial activity of PA was superior to that of amoxicillin, with minimal inhibition concentration value of 78 µg/mL. On the other hand, PA inhibited ureases from H. pylori and jack bean in concentration‐dependent fashion with IC₅₀ values of 2.67 ± 0.79 mM and 2.99 ± 0.41 mM, respectively. Lineweaver‐Burk plots indicated that the type of inhibition was non‐competitive against H. pylori urease whereas uncompetitive against jack bean urease. Reactivation of PA‐inactivated urease assay showed DL‐dithiothreitol, the thiol reagent, synergistically inactivated urease with PA instead of enzymatic activity recovery. In conclusion, the selective H. pylori antibacterial activity along with urease inhibitory potential of PA could make it a possible drug candidate for the treatment of H. pylori infection. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

黄连对幽门螺杆菌的体外抗菌活性研究

目的研究黄连乙醇提取液的成分及小檗碱含量,比较黄连和盐酸小檗碱对幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori)体外抗菌活性。方法使用反相高效液相色谱(RP-HPLC)法鉴定黄连乙醇提取液中成分及小檗碱含量,选取盐酸小檗碱做体外对比抑菌实验,观察黄连和盐酸小檗碱的抑菌效果并进行比较。结果与结论黄连对H.pylori的体外抗菌活性与小檗碱的相比,黄连较好。     

山橿对幽门螺杆菌的抑菌实验研究

目的：研究山橿各部位对幽门螺杆菌（helicobacterpyleri,HP）的体外抗菌作用。方法：采用棋盘法设计,以琼脂平板法测定山橿不同部位不同浓度提取物对HP的最低抑菌浓度。结果：山橿石油醚部位提取物对HP的最低抑菌浓度为每升含相当于125g生药）。结论：找出山橿不同部位提取物的最低抑菌浓度,为进一步研究药材中抗HP活性物质提供依据。     

Antibacterial activity of plant extracts from azuki beans (Vigna angularis) in vitro

This study was undertaken to examine the antimicrobial property of azuki beans (Vigna angularis). The water extracts of green, black and red colored azuki beans showed antibacterial effects against Staphylococcus aureus, Aeromonas hydrophila and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. In contrast, the extract of white azuki beans showed no inhibition towards any of the microorganisms examined. The extracts of colored azuki beans contained larger amounts of polyphenols including proanthocyanidins than the extracts of white azuki beans. The counts of S. aureus cells, inoculated in the medium containing the extracts of colored azuki beans, were significantly reduced in comparison with those of control and white azuki beans after 24 h (p < 0.05). These results suggest that polyphenols including proanthocyanidins in colored azuki beans may be responsible for their antibacterial activity.     

几种蜂蜜对幽门螺旋杆菌的体外抗菌作用

目的研究不同蜂蜜对幽门螺旋杆菌的体外抗菌作用。方法取龙眼蜜、荔枝蜜、八叶五加蜜、桂花蜜、野菊花蜜、桉树蜜、红树林蜜等7种蜂蜜,按两倍稀释法进行药敏试验,观察最低抑菌浓度和最低杀菌浓度。结果桉树蜜抑菌作用最强(M IC 1∶8),红树林蜜抑菌作用最弱(M IC 1∶2),其它蜜抑菌作用相当(M IC 1∶4);桉树蜜还具有一定的杀菌作用(MBC 1∶2),其他蜂蜜则无此作用。结论7种蜂蜜在体外均可抑制幽门螺旋杆菌,尤以桉树蜜最佳,为开发和利用蜂蜜辅助治疗疾病提供了一定依据。     

半夏泻心汤及其拆方抗幽门螺杆菌作用的研究

目的:探讨半夏泻心汤及其拆方抗Hp的作用.方法:运用琼脂扩散法、液体稀释法定性和定量检测半夏泻心汤及其拆方对Hp的抗菌作用 结果:在琼脂扩散法中,半夏泻心汤组对Hp抗菌作用优于辛温组和甘温组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);半夏泻心汤组略优于苦寒组,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).在液体稀释法中,半夏泻心汤对Hp的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)与最低杀菌浓度(MBC)均为15.63mg/mL;辛温组和苦寒组对Hp的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)与最低杀菌浓度(MBC)均分别为62.50 mg/mL、31.25mg/mL.均在实验检测的浓度范围内(1.95 mg/mL ～ 250.00 mg/mL).结论:半夏泻心汤有较明显的抗菌作用,其中起优势作用的药物以苦寒药为主.     

In vitro susceptibility of Helicobacter pylori to botanical extracts used traditionally for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders

The gram-negative bacterium Helicobacter pylori (HP), identified in 1982, is now recognized as the primary etiological factor associated with the development of gastritis and peptic ulcer disease. In addition, HP infections are also associated with chronic gastritis, gastric carcinoma and primary gastric B-cell lymphoma. For centuries, herbals have been used in traditional medicine to treat a wide range of ailments, including gastrointestinal (GI) disorders such as dyspepsia, gastritis and peptic ulcer disease (PUD). However, the mechanism of action by which these botanicals exert their therapeutic effects has not been completely elucidated. As part of an ongoing screening program, the study assessed the in vitro susceptibility of 15 HP strains to botanical extracts, which have a history of traditional use in the treatment of GI disorders. Methanol extracts of Myristica fragrans (seed) had a MIC of 12.5 microg/mL; Zingiber officinale (ginger rhizome/root) and Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary leaf) had an MIC of 25 microg/mL. Methanol extracts of botanicals with a MIC of 50 microg/mL included Achillea millefolium, Foeniculum vulgare (seed), Passiflora incarnata (herb), Origanum majorana (herb) and a (1:1) combination of Curcuma longa (root) and ginger rhizome. Botanical extracts with a MIC of 100 microg/mL included Carum carvi (seed), Elettaria cardamomum (seed), Gentiana lutea (roots), Juniper communis (berry), Lavandula angustifolia (flowers), Melissa officinalis (leaves), Mentha piperita (leaves) and Pimpinella anisum (seed). Methanol extracts of Matricaria recutita (flowers) and Ginkgo biloba (leaves) had a MIC > 100 microg/mL.     

幽门螺杆菌的中医药治疗概况

幽门螺杆菌（Helicobacter pylori,H.pylori）感染是导致消化系统疾病的主要因素之一。西药治疗所出现的耐药性、毒副作用以及治后所引起的肠道菌群紊乱、易复发等,使众人目光转向祖国医学,迫使中医临床者寻求一种方便、安全、有效的治疗方法。现就近年来中医药治疗幽门螺杆菌做一综述。     

Antimicrobial activity of an Amazon medicinal plant (Chancapiedra) (Phyllanthus niruri L.) against Helicobacter pylori and lactic acid bacteria

The potential of water extracts of the Amazon medicinal plant Chancapiedra (Phyllanthus niruri L.) from Ecuador and Peru for antimicrobial activity against Helicobacter pylori and different strains of lactic acid bacteria such as Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus plantarum was investigated. H. pylori was inhibited by both water extracts in a dose dependent manner, whereas lactic acid bacterial growth was not affected. Both extracts contained ellagic acid and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives and exhibited high free radical scavenging linked-antioxidant activities (89%). However, gallic acid was detected only in the Ecuadorian extract. Preliminary studies on the mode of action of Chancapiedra against H. pylori revealed that inhibition may not involve proline dehydrogenase-based oxidative phosphorylation inhibition associated with simple mono-phenolics and could involve ellagitannins or other non-phenolic compounds through a yet unknown mechanism. This study provides evidence about the potential of Chancapiedra for H. pylori inhibition without affecting beneficial lactic acid bacteria.     

Effects of combining extracts (from propolis or Zingiber officinale) with clarithromycin on Helicobacter pylori

Propolis and Zingiber officinale have been shown to be specifically targeted against Helicobacter pylori strains, to possess antiinflammatory, antioxidant and antitumoral activity and to be used in traditional medicine for the treatment of gastrointestinal ailments. Considering that these natural products could potentially serve as novel therapeutic tools also in combination with an antibiotic, the aim of this work was to evaluate their effect when combined with clarithromycin on clinical H. pylori isolates (n = 25), characterized in respect to both clarithromycin susceptibility and the presence of the cagA gene. The results showed that the combinations of propolis extract + clarithromycin and Z. officinale extract + clarithromycin exhibited improved inhibition of H. pylori with synergistic or additive activity. Interestingly, the susceptibility to combinations was significantly independent of the microbial clarithromycin susceptibility status. Only one H. pylori strain showed antagonism towards the Z. officinale extract + clarithromycin combination. The data demonstrate that combinations of propolis extract + clarithromycin and Z. officinale extract + clarithromycin have the potential to help control H. pylori-associated gastroduodenal disease.     

Antiviral activity of medicinal plant extracts

Dichloromethane and ethanol extracts of 12 plants with a history of use in traditional medicine, were tested for antiviral activity against herpes simplex type I. The most potent inhibition was shown by ethanol extracts of Eugenia jambos, Cistus populifolius, Lippia alba, Chiranthodendron pentadactylon and Tuberaria lignosa. These extracts, and others that had no effect, were chosen for more extensive studies against poliovirus type 1 and vesicular stomatitis virus. It was found that the ethanol extracts of Eugenia jambos, Chiranthodendron pentadactylon and Santolina oblongifolia inhibited the replication of VSV, but none of the extracts investigated had any effect on poliovirus replication. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

盐酸小蘖碱抗幽门螺杆菌的实验及临床研究

目的:研究盐酸小蘖碱在体外的抗幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori,Hp)作用以及盐酸小蘖碱联合治疗Hp感染的临床疗效,为临床应用提供理论依据。方法:(1)胃镜下取25例快速尿素酶阳性患者的胃黏膜进行Hp临床株的分离纯化,连同12908、43504两例Hp标准株作为研究对象,将盐酸小蘖碱分为250μg、100μg、50μg、25μg四个浓度梯度组,以15μg标准克拉霉素纸片作为阳性对照,用纸片法进行体外药敏实验,比较平均抑菌圈直径及抗Hp有效率。(2)212例临床诊断为Hp感染的患者,随机分为4组:A组:PPI加克拉霉素加盐酸小蘖碱;B组:PPI加阿莫西林加盐酸小蘖碱;C组:PPI加阿莫西林加克拉霉素;D组:PPI加克拉霉素加甲硝唑。口服药物剂量:奥美拉唑20 mg·次~(-1)(其他PPI使用等效剂量),盐酸小蘖碱0.4 g·次~(-1),克拉霉素0.5 g·次~(-1),阿莫西林1.0 g·次~(-1),甲硝唑0.4 g·次~(-1),均2次·d~(-1)口服,连续服用7 d。抗Hp治疗停药4周后复查14 C呼气实验。比较Hp根除率、不良反应发生率。结果:(1)各浓度梯度组的盐酸小蘖碱抑菌圈直径均小于克拉霉素组,比较有统计学意义(P0.01)。盐酸小蘖碱250μg、100μg、50μg、25μg组与克拉霉素15μg组抗Hp有效率为92.59%(25/27)、85.19%(23/27)、44.44%(12/27)、44.44%(12/27)、88.89%(24/27),5组抗Hp有效率比较有统计学意义(P0.01),组间两两比较,克拉霉素15μg组与盐酸小蘖碱250μg、100μg组,盐酸小蘖碱250μg组与盐酸小蘖碱100μg组抗Hp有效率比较无统计学意义(P0.05)。(2)A组、B组、C组、D组Hp根除率分别为:70.37%(38/54)、61.22%(30/49)、68.63%(35/51)、65.52%(38/58),各组间根除率比较无统计学意义(P0.05);A组、B组、C组、D组不良反应发生率分别为9.12%、0.31%、2.87%、6.10%(P0.01);不良反应发生率组间比较:各组间差别均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:(1)盐酸小蘖碱在体外有良好的抗Hp作用;(2)临床应用PPI加盐酸小蘖碱加克拉霉素或阿莫西林组成三联方案的Hp根除率与对照组标准方案PPI加克拉霉素加甲硝唑或阿莫西林无明显差异;PPI加盐酸小蘖碱加阿莫西林组不良反应最少;含克拉霉素治疗组不良反应明显高于其他组。     

Antioxidant activities of some Lamiaceae plant extracts

The antioxidant activities of four Lamiaceae plants, Salvia viridis L., Salvia multicaulis Vahl, Stachys byzantina C. Koch and Eremostachys laciniata (L.) Bunge have been determined by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) as well as by flow injection analysis-luminol chemiluminescence (FIA-CL). All extracts were shown to possess a significant scavenger activity against DPPH free radical and an inhibitory effect on H2O2- or HOCl-luminol chemiluminescence. The extracts scavenged 50% of DPPH radical ranging in the following descending order: Salvia viridis > Stachys byzantina > Salvia multicaulis > Eremostachys laciniata. The most potent extract on H2O2-induced peak chemiluminescence was that of Salvia viridis and on HOCl-induced peak chemiluminescence was that of Stachys byzantina. The results concluded that the extracts have a potential source of antioxidants of natural origin.     

In vitro anti-Helicobacter pylori potential of methanol extract of Allium ascalonicum Linn. (Liliaceae) leaf: susceptibility and effect on urease activity

The crude methanol extract of the leaf of Allium ascalonicum was screened in vitro against fi ve strains of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) (ATCC 24376, UCH 97001, UCH 97009, UCH 98026 and UCH 99039) for antibacterial activity by the agar diffusion method in Mueller-Hinton agar supplemented with de fi brinated horse blood. All the strains were inhibited by the extract to varying degrees. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the extract against all the tested strains ranged from 6.25 to 12.5 mg/mL. The effects of increasing concentrations of the extract on the urease activity of three of the Helicobacter pylori strains were investigated further. The results showed that increasing the concentration of the extract decreased the urease activity of all the strains tested. Phytochemical screening of the plant showed that it contains alkaloids, cardiac glycosides and saponins. The anti-Hp activity observed is discussed in relation to the chemical constituents reportedly isolated from these plants and their traditional uses. The result of this work suggests that Allium ascalonicum has some therapeutic potential against Helicobacter pylori infection, which could be explored for patients with gastroduodenal disorders.     

序贯与三联疗法根除幽门螺杆菌的临床应用比较

 目的 比较由雷贝拉唑联合阿莫西林、克拉霉素以及替硝唑组成的10 d序贯疗法与三联疗法根除幽门螺杆菌的疗效、依从性、安全性及经济学比较。方法 将幽门螺杆菌阳性的90例消化性溃疡患者随机分为以雷贝拉唑为基础的10 d序贯疗法组(n=45)和三联疗法组(n=45),治疗结束4周后复查¹⁴C-UBT,评估幽门螺杆菌根除情况,并对各方案进行成本-效果分析。结果 共85例患者按方案完成治疗。10 d序贯疗法组幽门螺杆菌根除率按意向治疗(ITT)和按方案(PP)分析均高于三联疗法组(ITT：91.1%对73.3％,P<0.05;PP：95.3％对78.6％,P<0.05);10 d序贯疗法组不良反应发生率(PP：14.0％对11.9％,P<0.05)与三联疗法组相似;成本-效果分析显示,序贯治疗组的成本-效果比值（C/E）低于对照组。结论 以雷贝拉唑为基础的10 d序贯疗法具有疗效高、可提高幽门螺杆菌根除率等优势。     

幽门螺杆菌阴性消化性溃疡与出血关系的研究

目的探讨幽门螺杆菌(H.pylori)阴性消化性溃疡与出血之间的关系及其临床特点。方法选择急诊内镜诊断为胃溃疡和/或十二指肠溃疡患者160例,按照是否合并出血分为出血组和不伴出血组,各80例,并分析影响H.pylori阴性消化性溃疡合并出血的因素。结果出血组H.pylori阴性率为40%,不伴出血组H.pylori阴性率为14%,2组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)。H.pylori阴性消化性溃疡合并出血与复合性溃疡、黏膜炎症和炎症程度存在明显的相关性,与十二指肠溃疡、胃溃疡、溃疡直径、溃疡分期、黏膜萎缩、肠化生和淋巴组织增生无明显相关性。结论 H.pylori阴性消化性溃疡在消化性溃疡出血中所占的比例较高,有复合性溃疡、黏膜炎症和炎症严重的患者可能更易并发消化道出血,需要引起消化专科医生的重视。     

In vitro anti‐Helicobacter pylori activity of usnic acid

Eradication of Helicobacter pylori is an important objective in overcoming gastric diseases. Many regimens are currently available but none of them could achieve 100% success in eradication. Medicinal lichen is used in the treatment of gastric ulcer in local folk medicine in Anatolia (Turkey). The present study was performed to assess the in vitro effects of usnic acid from Usnea dasypoga against clinical isolates and standard H. pylori strains and their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs). A total of 38 strains was assayed for anti‐H. pylori activity. The agar dilution method was used for the determination of usnic acid and clarithromycin resistance. Six (16.2%) clinical isolates were resistant to usnic acid and five (13.5%) were resistant to clarithromycin. Dual susceptibility to usnic acid and clarithromycin rate was detected as very high (97.3%). Usnic acid has a strong and dose‐dependent activity against H. pylori strains. The synergism between usnic acid and clarithromycin may be effective in the treatment of H. pylori infection. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.