欧芹素乙和异欧芹素乙对小麦腹腔巨噬细胞体外释放肿瘤坏死…

研究了欧芹素乙和异欧芹素乙衣对照药物维拉帕米对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞体外释放肿瘤坏死因子的影响。结果表明：Ｉｍｐ，Ｉｓｉ及Ｖｅｒ对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞本外释放ＴＮＦ具有显著的抑制作用。药物浓度在１０＾－６－１０＾－４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内，该抑制作用呈剂量依赖性。药物浓度达１０＾４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ时，则可完全抑制ＴＮＦ的释放。     

欧芹素乙拮抗TNF促进牛脑微血管内皮细胞与单核细胞粘附作用

目的：研究肿瘤坏死因子（ＴＮＦ）对体外培养的牛脑微血管内皮细胞（ＢＣＭＥＣ）与单核细胞（ＭＮＣｓ）粘附的影响及欧芹素乙（ＩＭＰ）的拮抗作用。方法：通过测定ＭＮＣｓ中髓过氧化物酶活性的方法，对粘附于ＢＣＭＥＣ单层上的ＭＮＣｓ进行定量。结果：ＴＮＦ在５￣２５０Ｕ／ｍｌ时呈剂量依赖性地诱导ＢＣＭＥＣ与ＭＮＣｓ的粘附，ＴＮＦ浓度为１００Ｕ／ｍｌ时促粘附达最大值（６１．０％）。ＴＮＦ与内皮细胞共育１ｈ，即可     

幽门螺杆菌在不同培养基上生长情况的比较

探讨灵芝多糖（Ｇａｎｏｄｅｒｍａ　ｌｕｃｉｄｕｍ　ｐｏｌｙｓａｃｃｈａｒｉｄｅｓ Ｂ, ＧＬ－Ｂ）对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞（ｐｅｒｉｔｏｎｅａｌｍａｃｒｏｐｈａｇｅ,ＰＭ）、肿瘤坏死因子α（ｔｕｍｏｒ　ｎｅｃｒｏｓｉｓ　ｆａｃｔｏｒ　ａｌｐｈａ, ＴＮＦα）、肿细胞 γ干扰素（ｉｎｔｅｒｆｅｒｏｎ－γ,ＩＦＮγ）的产生及其ｍＲＮＡ表达的影响。方法;采集小鼠ＰＭ和脾淋巴细胞,体外给药,分离细胞培养上清。生物法测定ＴＮＦα。ＥＬＩＳＡ测定ＩＦＮγ;ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ方法检测ｍＲＮＡ的表达。结果：ＧＬ－Ｂ２５～４００ｍｇ·Ｌ~（－１）使正常小鼠ＰＭ培养上清中ＴＮＦα的活性升高,并呈剂量依赖关系,２４ ｈ达高峰,７２ ｈ后开始减少。 ＧＬ－Ｂ对小鼠 ＰＭ的 ＴＮＦα ｍＲＮＡ表达有显著促进作用。ＧＬ－Ｂ１２．５～２００ｍｇ~（－１）明显增加正常小鼠脾细胞培养上清中ＩＦＮγ产生。２４ｈ内随培养时间的延长而增加,４８ ｈ后开始减少。ＧＬ－Ｂ对ＩＦＮγｍＲＮＡ的表达有促进作用。结论：灵芝多糖ＧＬ－Ｂ明显促进小鼠ＰＭ及脾细胞 ＴＮＦα和 ＩＦＮβ ｍＲＮＡ的表达,增加 ＴＮＦα和 ＩＦＮβ的产生。     

白细胞介素－1α诱导牛脑微血管平滑肌细胞增殖及药物的拮抗作用

作者研究了白细胞介素－１α（Ｉｎｔｅｒｌｅｕｋｉｎ－１α，ＩＬ－１α）对培养的牛脑微血管平滑肌细胞增殖的影响。在５～５００ｐｇ·ｍｌ－１范围内，ＩＬ－１α可诱导培养的牛脑微血管平滑肌细胞增殖，当用５０ｐｇ·ｍｌ－１ＩＬ－１α与该平滑肌细胞共孵育２４ｈ时，刺激作用最强，增殖率达２９．１％。欧芹素乙、异欧芹素乙，６－（α，α－苯基乙酰哌嗪基苯基）－４，５－二氢－５－甲基－３（２Ｈ）哒嗪酮在浓度为１０－６～１０－４ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１时，可剂量依赖性地拮抗ＩＬ－１α诱导的该平滑肌细胞增殖，药物浓度最高（１０－４ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１）时，抑制率值最大；６－（α，α－二苯基乙酰哌嗪基苯基）－４，５－二氢－５－甲基－３（２Ｈ）哒嗪酮，在低浓度时（１０－６和１０－５ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１）可抑制ＩＬ－１α诱导的该平滑肌细胞增殖，药物浓度升高，抑制率也加大，而在高浓度时（１０－４ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１）抑制率下降。     

IL－1α诱导牛脑微血管内皮细胞释放血小板衍生性生长因子

目的：研究白细胞介素－１α（ＩＬ－１α）诱导牛脑微血管内皮细胞（ＢＣＭＥＣ）释放血小板衍生性生长因子（ＰＤＧＦ），以及药物对由之引起的牛脑微血管平滑肌细胞（ＢＣＭＳＭＣ）增殖的拮抗作用。方法：体外培养ＢＣＭＥＣ和ＢＣＭＳＭＣ，结晶紫染色法测定细胞增殖。结果：ＩＬ－１α不能直接促进ＢＣＭＳＭＣ的增殖；但经ＩＬ－１α刺激的ＢＣＭＥＣ培养上清能显著地促进ＢＣＭＳＭＣ的增殖。这种增殖作用与ＩＬ－１α剂量呈正相关，并且可被抗ＰＤＧＦ抗体中和。欧芹素乙（Ｉｍｐ），异欧芹素乙（ｉｓｏ－Ｉｍｐ），６－（α，α－ｐｈｅｎｙ－ｌａｃｅｔｙｌｐｉｐｅｒａｚｉｎｙｌ）ｐｈｅｎｙｌ－５－ｍｅｔｈｙｌ－４，５－ｄｉｈｙｄｒｏ－３（２Ｈ）－ｐｙｒｉｄａｚｉｎｏｎｅ（ＰＭＤＰ）不影响ＩＬ－１α诱导ＢＣＭＥＣ释放ＰＤＧＦ，但对ＰＤＧＦ促ＢＣＭＳＭＣ增殖呈剂量依赖的拮抗。结论：ＩＬ－１α促进ＢＣＭＥＣ释放ＰＤＧＦ。ＩＬ－１α对ＢＣＭＳＭＣ增殖的促进作用需经ＰＤＧＦ等生长因子的介导。Ｉｍｐ，ｉｓｏ－Ｉｍｐ，ＰＭＤＰ拮抗ＰＤＧＦ引起的ＢＣＭＳＭＣ增殖。     

TNF－α的生物活性检测法与酶联免疫吸附法比较

比较了生物活性检测法（ｂｉｏａｓｓｙ，ＢＡ）与酶联免疫吸附法（ＥＬＩＳＡ）对大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞（ｍａｃｒｏｐｈａｇｅｓ，Ｍφ）分泌的肿瘤坏死因子－α（ｔｕｍｏｒｎｅｃｒｏｓｉｓｆａｃｔｏｒ－α，ＴＮＦ－α）的检测。在静息Ｍφ培养上清液中，用两种方法均未测到ＴＮＦ－α；而脂多糖（ｌｉｐｏｐｏｌｙｓａｃｃｈａｒｉｄｅ，ＬＰＳ，１００μｇ／Ｌ）刺激组，用两种方法均测到大量ＴＮＦ－α；如ＬＰＳ与秋水仙碱（ｃｏｌｃｈｉｃｉｎｅ，Ｃｏｌ）联用，ＴＮＦ－α的产生受到抑制，ＢＡ法检测显示抑制率为９７％，而ＥＬＩＳＡ检测则显示抑制率为４２％，提示Ｃｏｌ对ＴＮＦ－α生物活性的抑制比对其生物合成的抑制更明显。此外，Ｃｏｌ在浓度≥１０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ时，可部分减轻ＴＮＦ－α对其靶细胞Ｌ９２９的毒性作用。文中对这两种方法的优缺点进行了比较与讨论。     

几种受体激动剂对IFN-γ诱导人单核细胞HLA-DR抗原表达的影响

用细胞体外培养的方法，探讨了几种受体激动剂对人外周血单核细胞ＨＬＡＤＲ抗原表达的影响。结果显示：①去甲肾上腺素（ｎｏｒａｄｒｅｎａｌｉｎｅ，ＮＡ）对ＩＦＮγ诱导ＨＬＡＤＲ抗原表达具有双向调节作用。１０－１２，１０－１０ｍｏｌ／ＬＮＡ具有促进作用；１０－６，１０－４ｍｏｌ／ＬＮＡ呈现抑制作用。相应α受体阻断剂１０－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ酚妥拉明（ｐｈｅｎｔｏｌａｍｉｎｅ）可以完全阻断其促进作用，而对抑制作用的阻断则不明显。②１０－１０～１０－４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ异丙肾上腺素（ｉｓｏｐｒｏｔｅｒｅｎｏｌ，ＩＳＯ）对ＩＦＮγ诱导ＨＬＡＤＲ抗原表达具有抑制作用，抑制程度随ＩＳＯ浓度的增加而加强，且这种作用可被１０－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ普洛萘尔（ｐｒｏｐｒａｎｏｌｏｌ）完全或部分阻断。③毛果芸香碱（ｐｉｌｏｃａｒｐｉｎｅ）１０－１１～１０－３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ对ＩＦＮγ诱导ＨＬＡＤＲ抗原表达无明显影响。结果提示：神经递质对免疫细胞具有调节作用     

乙氧异黄酮二酸钠对豚鼠单个心室肌细胞钙电流的影响

应用全细胞膜片钳技术，研究乙氧异黄酮二酸钠（ｅｔｈｏｘｙ－ｉｓｏｆｌａｖｏｎｅ２－ｃａｒｂｏｘｙｌｉｃａｃｉｄ，ＥＩＣＡ）对豚鼠心室肌细胞上慢钙电流（Ｉｃａ）的影响。结果发现ＥＩＣＡ能使心室肌细胞Ｉｃａ呈剂量依赖性降低，阈浓度为１０－８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，最大有效浓度为３×１０－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ；１０－６ｍｏｌ／ＬＥＩＣＡ可明显阻断异丙肾上腺素（Ｉｓｏｐｒｅｎａｌｉｎｅ，Ｉｓｏ）和钙通道激动剂ＢａｙＫ８６４４所致的Ｉｃａ增加（Ｐ＜０．０１）。ＥＩＣＡ能增加外向电流（Ｌｏｕｔ），并被四乙基胺（Ｔｅｔｒａｅｔｈｙｌａｍｍｏｎｉｕｍ，ＴＥＡ，１０－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）所拮抗。结果提示：ＥＩＣＡ的降压、减慢心率、抗心律失常作用机制主要与阻断Ｃａ２＋通道（Ｌ型）有关。     

TNF—α的生物活性检测法与酶联免疫吸附法比较

比较了生物活性检测法与酶联免疫吸附法对大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞分泌的肿瘤坏死因子－α（ｔｕｍｏｒｎｅｃｒｏｓｉｓｆａｃｔｏｒ－α，ＴＮＦ－α）的检测。在静息Ｍ＋φ培养上清液中，用两种方法的未测到ＴＮＦ－α；而脂多糖（ｌｉｐｏｐｏｌｙｓａｃｃｈａｒｉｄｅ，ＬＰＳ，１００μｇ／Ｌ）刺激组，用两种方法均测到大量ＴＮＦ－α；如ＬＰＳ与秋水仙碱（ｃｏｌｃｈｉｃｉｎ，Ｃｏｌ）联用，ＴＮＦ－α的产生受到抑制，ＢＡ法检测     

粉防已碱对大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞释放部分炎症介质的影响

血小板活化因子（ＰＡＦ）、肿瘤坏死因子（ＴＮＦ）及白介素－１（ＩＬ－１）是几个很强的炎症介质，对多种细胞、组织及器官都有重要的作用。利用洗涤的兔血小板聚集的方法和酶联免疫法、小鼠胸腺细胞增殖法分别测定了粉防已碱（Ｔｅｔ）对脂多糖（ＬＰＳ）刺激大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞（ＰＭΦ）释放ＰＡＦ、ＴＮＦ及ＩＬ－１的影响，结果表明Ｔｅｔ对ＴＮＦ、ＩＬ－１及ＰＡＦ的释放都有显著地抑制作用，并在０．１￣１００μｍｏｌ／Ｌ     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.