Morphology of the developing articular disc of the human temporomandibular joint

The morphology of the developing articular disc of the temporomandibular joint in eight human fetuses, ranging in age from 13 weeks to 17.5 weeks, was studied. The shape of the articular disc at the time of initial delineation resembled the shape of the adult articular disc, suggesting a predominantly genetic determination. Elastin fibers were not demonstrated. The vascularity of the fetal articular disc was confined to the anterior and posterior thickened peripheral zones, with no evidence of capillaries in the thinner intermediate zone. Lateral pterygoid muscle fibers inserted into the medial aspects of the developing articular disc.     

Comparison of physical properties of polycarboxylate-based and conventional root canal sealers.

Several physical properties of nine commercial root canal sealers were evaluated in vitro and were compared with those of two experimental endodontic materials based on polycarboxylate formulations. Flow, setting time, compressive strength, radiopacity, adhesion to root dentin, and solubility were evaluated. The zinc oxideeugenol root canal sealers were typically of low strength and high solubility. These sealers and the Diaket polyvinyl resin sealer showed no adhesion to dentin. The epoxy resin AH26 showed superior properties with respect to strength, flow, radiopacity, and adhesion; solubility of this material was high. The polycarboxylate formulation showed significantly higher values over the commercial sealers in properties of strength, adhesion, and reduced solubility. The tensile adhesive bond strength of the polycarboxylate to root dentin was twice that of AH26. A wide variation in properties of the commercial materials tested showed the empirical nature of these "sealers." Further testing of polycarboxylate endodontic sealers is indicated.     

Increase in detection of oral cancer and precursor lesions by dentists: Evidence from an oral and maxillofacial pathology service

BackgroundDentists play an important role in the detection and diagnosis of oral diseases, including oral cancer and its precursor lesions. There are few comprehensive reviews in the recent literature that examine the scope and trends of oral disease diagnoses by dentists.MethodsThe authors analyzed all accessions to the Toronto Oral Pathology Service at the Faculty of Dentistry at the University of Toronto in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, from 2005 through 2015 using a custom-built database. They used these data to calculate the temporal trends in the diagnoses of oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).ResultsA total of 63,483 biopsy specimens were submitted primarily by dentists from 2005 through 2015. From these, 2,679 cases of OED and 828 OSCC were diagnosed. The authors’ results show a 3.8-fold increase in the number of epithelial dysplasias and a 1.8-fold increase in mucosal carcinomas over the study period. The rate of increase of OED and OSCC was significantly higher than the rate of increase of total oral carcinomas diagnosed in the region, the population changes, and the number of dentists in the region.Conclusions and Practical ImplicationsWithin the limitations of a study of a single large oral pathology biopsy service, the analysis of diagnoses shows that dentists are increasingly involved in the detection of oral mucosal carcinoma and precursor lesions. The dental community plays an important and increasing role in the detection of oral cancer and potentially malignant disorders. Increased awareness among oral health care and nonoral health care professionals may increase early detection of OSCC.     

血清饥饿法对人牙髓细胞周期同步化的研究

目的:探讨不同的血清饥饿方法和饥饿时间对人牙髓细胞(HDPCs)细胞周期的影响.方法:血清直接饥饿和梯度饥饿处理人牙髓细胞.倒置显微镜观察细胞形态;CCK-8检测血清饥饿处理对HDPCs增殖能力的影响;流式细胞术检测细胞周期验证HDPCs同步化的效果.结果:血清直接饥饿处理或梯度饥饿处理后其G0/G1期HDPCs的比例...     

Function of anti-Strepfococcus mutans antibodies: inhibition of virulence factors and enzyme neutralization

The levels of parotid salivary IgA and serum IgG antibodies from dental caries-resistant (CR) and caries-susceptible (CS) individuals to Streptococcus mutans antigens were determined. In general, the levels of salivary IgA and serum IgG antibodies to S. mutans antigens were significantly higher in CR subjects than in CS individuals. There were significantly higher levels of IgA2, but not IgA1, salivary antibodies to S. mutans whole cells in CR subjects than in CS individuals. These results led us to investigate the functional effects parotid saliva and sera containing these antibodies had on several factors associated with S. mutans virulence. Parotid saliva and sera from CR subjects significantly inhibited S. mutans growth, adherence, acid production, glucosyltransferase and glucose-phosphotransferase activities to a greater extent than saliva and sera from CS individuals. The data suggest that neutralization of S. mutans enzymes and inhibition of S. mutans virulence factors by saliva and serum may be responsible for the lower numbers of carious lesions in CR subjects.     

Overdentures for the irradiated patient

A rationale that stresses the biologic and mechanical advantages of overdenture therapy for the irradiated patient has been presented.     

Transpositional flap vestibuloplasty of the maxilla

The transpositional flap vestibuloplasty technique can be used to deepen the maxillary sulcus and to correct soft tissue deformities with good, predictable results. The procedure can be easily performed in the office on an outpatient basis, and complications are minimal.     

Diagnosis of temporomandibular joint pain in patients seen at a pain clinic

A retrospective survey of a pain clinic population found 43 patients (2.6% of the total population) who had pain in the temporomandibular joint region. The clinical presentation of these patients did not differ greatly from that observed with typical responsive temporomandibular joint pain; however, important discriminating factors were duration of the pain, a strong history of pain elsewhere in the body, and major psychiatric disturbance. The diagnosis was atypical facial pain in 39 (90%) of the cases; other diagnoses included glossopharyngeal neuralgia and perineural invasion by adenocystic carcinoma. Although the various treatment strategies employed resulted in an improvement of pain in 63% of cases, there was often a subsequent development of pain elsewhere in the body or other disturbances.     

Levels of serum immunoglobulin G specific to bacterial surface protein A of Tannerella forsythia are related to periodontal status

Background: Tannerella forsythia (Tf) is a Gram‐negative anaerobe implicated in the development of periodontal disease. Bacterial surface protein A (BspA) is a surface‐expressed and ‐secreted protein that is recognized as an important virulence factor of Tf. This study was undertaken to determine whether Tf BspA induces an antibody response in periodontal disease. We hypothesized that serum immunoglobulin (Ig)G antibody levels against BspA correlate with the disease of patients. Methods: Sera were obtained from 100 patients with cardiac disorders and periodontal disease and 73 patients who experienced myocardial infarction but were periodontally healthy. Sera samples were assayed for anti‐BspA antibody (total IgG and IgG subtypes) by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Antibody levels were measured in ELISA units by using an arbitrary patient as a standard. Results: A negative correlation was found with BspA‐specific total IgG antibody titers and the severity of disease measured as the clinical attachment level (CAL) when healthy and diseased groups were analyzed separately (healthy group: [?0.23, correlation value] Student's t value [73 degrees of freedom] = 1.99; P = 0.05; diseased group: [?0.21] t [100 degrees of freedom] = 2.12; P = 0.03]). However, there was a positive correlation ([0.18 correlation value] Student's t value [173 degrees of freedom] = 2.39; P = 0.017) when healthy and diseased groups were combined. A strong positive correlation ([0.338 correlation value] Student's t value [173 degrees of freedom] = 4.69; P <0.0001) between the BspA‐specific IgG titers and periodontal probing depth was observed when healthy and disease groups were combined. Conclusions: Data demonstrated that antibodies to Tf BspA were elicited in patients with periodontal disease, and antibody levels were associated with the disease severity. Furthermore, data suggested that anti‐BspA IgG might have a protective function in periodontal disease by minimizing the loss of tooth attachment tissue.     

IgG4相关硬化性腮腺炎1例报告及文献复习

通过对1例IgG4相关硬化性腮腺炎疾病的诊治的介绍和相关文献的回顾复习,增加国内口腔科医师对该类疾病的认识,以减少临床误诊误治.