心理干预对边远哨所战士心理健康的影响

目的 :观察心理干预对边远哨所战士心理健康的影响 ,为部队心理卫生保健提供依据。方法 :采用艾森克个性问卷 (EPQ)对边远哨所战士进行个性测定 ,定期对战士进行心理干预 ,采用症状自评量表(SCL - 90 )在干预前后进行心理卫生状况调查。结果 :与全军常模比较 ,边远哨所战士EPQ的P分、N分较高 ,E分较低 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5,P <0 0 1 ) ,L分差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5)。心理干预前SCL - 90各因子分均较军人常模高 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 0 1 ) ;干预后SCL - 90除偏执外 ,其余各因子分与干预前比较明显降低 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5,P <0 0 1 ) ,与军人常模比较无显著性差异 (P >0 0 5) ;心理干预前SCL - 90总分与EPQ量表的N分、P分及E分相关。结论 :边远哨所战士存在较多的心理问题 ,心理干预能有效提高战士心理健康水平     

高原实弹演习对战士心理健康的影响及相关因素分析

目的 :研究高原实弹演习对战士心理健康的影响 ,为部队卫生保障提供依据。方法 :采用90项症状自评量表 (SCL -90 )、艾森克个性问卷 (EPQ)及社会支持评定量表 (SSRS)对参加高原实弹演习的某快速反应部队战士进行心理健康状况调查 ,并与同期高原军人进行比较。结果 :演习后SCL -90各因子分均较演习前增高 ,演习前的躯体化、焦虑、强迫、精神病因子分及阳性项目数比高原军人低 ,演习后的躯体化、焦虑、恐怖、精神病因子分及阳性项目数比高原军人高 ,有统计学意义 (P <0 0 5 ,P <0 0 1) ,其他因子分无统计学意义上的差异 (P <0 0 5 )。演习后SCL -90总分高分组与低分组在EPQ量表的E分、N分、P分及SSRS总分和各因子分均有统计学意义上的差异 (P <0 0 5 ,P <0 0 1)。结论 :快速反应部队战士在高原实弹演习后存在较多的心理问题 ,心理问题的发生与战士的个性特征及社会支持有关。     

糖尿病、脑梗死和急性心肌梗死患者血浆抵抗素水平的变化及临床意义

目的 :研究糖尿病、脑梗死以及急性心肌梗死患者血浆抵抗素水平的变化 ,探讨抵抗素在上述疾病过程中的病理生理意义。方法 :清晨空腹抽血 ,分离血浆 ,采用竞争性酶联免疫法检测血浆抵抗素含量。结果 :健康人血浆Resistin含量为 (36 4 6± 14 32 )ng/ml,不同性别间无明显差异。 2型糖尿病患者血浆抵抗素含量明显低于健康对照组 (16 36± 7 4 7)ng/mlvs (36 4 6± 14 32 )ng/ml,P <0 0 1。脑梗死患者血浆抵抗素水平亦明显低于正常对照组 (2 0 0 1± 10 5 5vs 36 4 6± 14 32ng/ml,P <0 0 1) ,而陈旧性脑梗死患者明显高于新发病患者 (31 2 5± 15 4 6 )vs (2 0 0 1± 10 5 5 )ng/ml,P <0 0 5。急性心肌梗死患者血浆抵抗素水平为 (12 18±3 87)ng/ml,明显低于健康人 (P <0 0 1) ,发病后第 5d和第 2d相比 ,血浆抵抗素水平无明显变化 (11 6 4±3 5 7)vs (11 98± 3 95 )ng/ml,P >0 0 5。结论 :2型糖尿病、脑梗死以及急性心肌梗死患者血浆抵抗素水平明显下降 ,提示抵抗素可能在心、脑血管疾病和糖尿病这些具有代谢综合征表现的疾病发展过程中发挥重要的调控作用。     

车祸事件后创伤后应激障碍的研究

目的 :研究车祸事件后创伤后应激障碍的发生情况及特点。方法 :应用中国精神疾病分类方案与诊断标准第二版修订本中的急性应激障碍 (ASR)和创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD)诊断标准 ,对因车祸住我院治疗的 81例患者进行诊断 ,采用症状自评量表 (SCL -90 ) ,艾森克个性问卷 (EPQ)及症状记录表等进行测评。结果 :车祸后 3个月 ,81例中有 33例 ( 4 0 7%)曾经符合ASR诊断标准 ,31例 ( 38 3%)符合PTSD诊断标准。与非PTSD组比较 ,PTSD组SCL -90总分、总均分、阳性项目数、阴性项目数及躯体化、强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、其它因子分均显著高于非PTSD组 (P <0 0 5～ 0 0 1)。PTSD组情绪稳定度倾向不稳定型 ( 38 71%)的比率高于非PTSD组 (P <0 0 1)。与PTSD发病有关的影响因素为EPQ问卷中神经质、L量表及性别。结论 :车祸事件后PTSD并非罕见 ,与性别及个性心理特征有关。     

苦参素对HBsAg转基因小鼠血清Th1和Th2细胞因子水平的影响

目的　探讨苦参素对HBsAg转基因小鼠外周血Th1 Th2细胞因子水平的影响。方法　HBsAg转基因小鼠分成苦参素组和对照组 ,分别每天腹腔注射苦参素注射液 2 0 0mg kg 0 2ml和生理盐水 0 2ml,共 30d。处理前后 ,检测外周血清细胞因子水平。结果　对照组处理前后γ 干扰素(IFN γ)与白细胞介素 4 (IL 4 )水平差异无显著意义 ;苦参素组处理前后IFN γ分别为 (3 10 8± 3 172 )pg ml和 (11 0 5 9± 6 971)pg ml,IL 4分别为 (2 9 0 4 5± 13 2 35 )pg ml和 (13 0 2 4± 9 0 0 2 )pg ml(均P <0 0 0 1)。处理后对照组与苦参素组IL 2分别为 (1 0 70± 0 4 4 7)pg ml和 (5 5 37± 2 887)pg ml(P <0 0 0 0 1) ;IL 10分别为 (97 2 2 6± 73 30 6 )pg ml和 (33 6 0 7± 2 3 15 4 )pg ml(P <0 0 1)。结论　在苦参素作用后 ,HBsAg转基因小鼠体内的Th1型细胞因子明显升高 ,Th2型细胞因子明显降低。这将有助于研究苦参素临床治疗乙型肝炎的机制。     

血浆神经肽Y水平在不同甲状腺功能状态的意义

目的 :研究不同甲状腺功能状态 (甲亢、甲减及正常 )神经肽Y的水平。方法 :选取甲亢患者 5 5例 ,甲减患者 4 7例和正常对照 5 7例 ,放射免疫分析其NPY水平。结果 :甲亢患者 (无论性别 )NPY水平 (71 5±14 7)ng/L较正常对照组 (5 2 3± 11 8)ng/L呈显著性增高 (0 0 0 1

0 0 5 ) ;甲亢组 (71 5± 14 7)ng/L较甲减组 (4 2 2± 2 4 3)ng/L呈显著性增高 (P <0 0 0 1) ;所有样本NPY与瘦素 (Leptin)关系分析呈负相关 (r =-0 5 8,P =0 .0 15 )。结论 :甲状腺激素与NPY是影响人体正常能量代谢的激素 ;甲状腺激素与NPY可能存在相互影响的关系。     

不稳定性心绞痛患者血清CRP和MMP-9测定的意义

目的 :探讨血清C反应蛋白 (CRP)和基质金属蛋白酶 9(MMP 9)水平对不稳定性心绞痛 (UA)的诊断及预后预测的意义。方法 :采用免疫比浊法测定 38例UA患者 ,36例稳定性心绞痛 (SA)患者及 35例正常对照者血清CRP水平 ,同时采用酶联免疫吸附试验 (ELISA)测定上述三组血清MMP 9水平。结果 :发现UA组入院时CRP水平 (5 85± 2 2 3mg L)明显高于SA组 (2 5 4± 1 0 7mg L)及正常对照组 (1 2 1± 1 0 2mg L) (P <0 0 1)。UA组入院时MMP 9水平 (4 17 5 2± 4 1 2 1ng ml)明显高于SA组 (2 75 31± 4 3 2 2ng ml)及正常对照组 (2 17 4 2± 2 5 4 5ng ml) (P <0 0 1)。UA组病情稳定后 ,血清CRP(2 76± 1 36mg L) ,MMP 9(2 94 2 7± 36 36ng ml)水平较入院时明显降低 (P <0 0 1)。UA组有 5例发生急性冠状动脉事件 ,SA组未发现。结论 :CRP、MMP 9水平对UA的诊断及预后预测中具有一定的参考价值。     

导乐陪伴分娩对初产妇心理影响的临床观察

目的 :观察导乐陪伴分娩对初产妇心理的影响。方法 :2 16例接受导乐陪伴分娩的初产妇为观察组 ,2 16例由丈夫或家人陪伴分娩的初产妇为对照组 ,采用症状自评量表 (SCL -90 )测定两组产妇分娩前后的总因子分 ,并分析两组产妇的SCL -90评分的差异。结果 :分娩前两组产妇总因子分差异无显著性( 8 4± 2 1/ 8 7± 2 4,t=1 2 5 ,P >0 0 5 ) ,而分娩后观察组SCL -90总因子分明显低于对照组 (阴道自娩组 :13 3± 3 4/ 18 6± 5 3,t=10 6 3,P <0 0 5 ;手术助产组 :15 2± 3 8/ 19 8± 6 3,t =4 41,P <0 0 5 )。结论 :导乐陪伴分娩对产妇的心理会产生有利的影响 ,应加以倡导     

CEA,CYFRA21-1和NSE联检在肺癌诊治中的应用

目的 :探讨CEA、CYFRA2 1- 1和NSE 3种肿瘤标志物联检在肺癌诊治中的应用及胸水与血清水平同时测定在肺癌诊断中的差异。方法 :放免法测定CEA、CYRFA2 1- 1和NSE。共测定 37例健康成人、2 6例肺良性疾病及 5 3例肺癌患者的血清 ,并对 5 3例肺癌患者中的 33例同时进行了胸水 3项标志物的测定。结果 :健康成人组CEA为 (2 6 8± 1 75 )ng/ml,CYFRA2 1- 1为 (1 5 2± 0 86 )ng/ml,NSE为 (8 77± 4 13)ng/ml。肺良性疾病组CEA为 (5 4 8± 3 2 6 )ng/ml,CYFRA2 1- 1为 (5 32± 2 2 7)ng/ml,NSE为 (15 2 1± 11 36 )ng/ml,肺癌组CEA为 (2 4 95± 18 36 )ng/ml,CYFRA2 1- 1为 (17 81± 11 35 )ng/ml,NSE为 (19 85± 14 2 2 )ng/ml。肺癌组 3项标志物均较健康成人组有显著增高 (P <0 0 1) ,敏感性分别为 2 4 5 %、71 7%、35 8% ,3项联检敏感性为 83 0 % ,较肺良性疾病组CEA、CYFRA2 1- 1两项有显著增高 (P <0 0 1) ,NSE增高不明显 (P >0 0 5 ) ,肺良性疾病组较健康成人组均有显著性增高 (P <0 0 5及P <0 0 1)。同时测定 33项肺癌患者的胸水标本 ,胸水 3项标志物中的CEA、NSE水平较血清增高 ,但无显著性差异 (P >0 0 5 ) ,CYFRA2 1- 1显著增高(P <0 0 1) ,3项标志物水平与血清相比敏感性均增高     

妊娠妇女瘦素水平测定及其临床意义

目的　探讨妊娠晚期妇女血瘦素水平与体重指数 (BWI)、妊娠并发症的关系。方法　用放射免疫法检测妊娠晚期妇女血瘦素水平 ,分析其与BWI、妊娠并发症的关系。结果　 (1)妊娠晚期妇女的血瘦素水平 (2 5 3± 11 2 )ng /ml ,低BWI、正常BWI及高BWI孕妇的血瘦素水平分别为 (14 2± 4 1)ng /ml、(2 1 4± 5 1)ng/ml、和 (36 6± 10 2 )ng/ml。血瘦素水平与体重指数明显相关 (相关系数为 0 5 1)。 (2 )正常待产孕妇血瘦素水平为 (2 0 2± 8 1)ng/ml,妊娠高血压综合征孕妇血瘦素水平为 (37 8± 10 1)ng/ml,两者有显著差异 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　妊娠晚期妇女血瘦素水平与体重指数有相关性 ,对妊娠高血压综合征的临床观察可能有一定意义。     

Rates of oxygen consumption and of anaerobic glycolysis in renal cortex and medulla of adult and new-born rats and guinea-pigs

1. Rates of oxygen uptake and of anaerobic glycolysis were estimated in slices from the renal cortex and medulla (a) of adult rats and guinea-pigs, (b) of new-born (1-, 5- and 21-day-old) rats and of guinea-pigs of 1, 12, 21, 24 and 120 hr age.2. In the adult rat, Q(O2) values for the cortex were 12.55 +/- 0.20 (22) and for the medulla: 8.56 +/- 0.17 (22) mul./hr.mg dry weight, while in the new-born rat (24 hr old) they were 10.99 +/- 0.46 (12) and 9.33 +/- 0.18 (9) mul./hr.mg dry weight respectively.3. Values for Q(CO2) (N2) (anaerobic glycolysis) in the 14 hr old new-born rat were in the renal cortex 9.65 +/- 0.35 (5) and in the medulla 7.39 +/- 0.43 (5) mul./hr.mg dry weight; while in the adult they were 2.25 +/- 0.08 (16) and 5.76 +/- 0.14 (16) mul./hr.mg dry weight, respectively.4. In the adult guinea-pig values for Q(CO2) (N2) were of the same order as in the adult rat, though the rate of O(2) uptake was for the cortex 8.12 +/- 0.22 (12) and for the medulla 5.02 +/- 0.23 (11) mul./hr.mg dry weight.5. Though the Q(O2) values in the renal cortex and medulla were smaller in the 1 hr old new-born guinea-pig, they were already increasing in the 12 hr old neonate.6. The results are discussed in the light of enzyme changes occurring during the process of maturation of the nephron as indicated by histochemical observations.     

Timing and intensity of early fevers and the development of allergies and asthma

BACKGROUND: Early childhood fevers appear to protect against later allergies and asthma. What is not known is the time in which fevers exert this effect and whether the degree of temperature increase is important. OBJECTIVE: We sought to examine the relationship between the time and degree of early fevers and later allergies and asthma. METHODS: Eight hundred thirty-five children from southeast Michigan were enrolled at birth. Clinic records from their first 2 years were abstracted for episodes of fever. At age 6 to 7 years, children underwent allergy testing. We examined fevers occurring within 6-month intervals in the first 2 years of life and outcomes at age 6 to 7 years. The primary outcome measures were allergic sensitization, asthma, asthma with allergic sensitization, and asthma without allergic sensitization. RESULTS: In the unadjusted analysis each episode of fever between 7 and 12 months of age was associated with a lower odds of allergic sensitization (odds ratio [OR], 0.71; 95% CI, 0.54-0.93) and asthma with allergic sensitization (OR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.21-0.90) at age 6 to 7 years. Likewise, every 1 degrees C increase in the maximum temperature between 7 and 12 months was associated with a lower odds of allergic sensitization (OR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.61-0.96) and asthma with allergic sensitization (OR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.40-0.94). After adjusting for potential confounders, each episode of fever between 7 and 12 months was associated with a lower likelihood of asthma with allergic sensitization (adjusted OR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.11-0.94) at age 6 to 7 years. CONCLUSIONS: Both the timing and intensity of childhood fevers appear to be important factors in the development of allergies and asthma.     

Modes of reinforcement and gender and culture of experimenter and subject: effects of "alien" and external reinforcement for Japanese and American men and women

In this study, we examined external and "alien" reinforcement (ER and AR. respectively) as a factor in social learning, and studied the combined effects of culture and reinforcement mode. A female (Experiment 1) and a male (Experiment 2) experimenters conducted experimental sessions. Both men and women, who grew up in the same culture as the experimenter, participated and performed the experimental task. A three-way interaction effect of experimenter gender, culture, and reinforcement mode was found on task performance. And the effect was more pronounced for a Japanese experimenter. A female and a male experimenters conducted Experiments 3 and 4, respectively; however participants this time were men and women who grew up in different cultures than the experimenter. Results indicated that the pattern of the subject gender and reinforcement mode interaction effect, when the experimenter was Japanese with American subjects, was exactly opposite to that when the experimenter was American. These experiments showed that AR was as effective for social learning as ER, and that the cultural backgrounds of experimenter and subject influenced AR and ER effectiveness.     

纳米水平分子成像与诊疗一体化研究进展与挑战

分子成像能以非侵入性的方式重现活体细胞的生理功能和生物学过程,提高疾病的早期和特异性诊断水平。纳米颗粒/材料具有物理性质可控性高、易于表面修饰、血液循环时间长和可功能化等优点,在疾病诊断与治疗中显示出巨大潜力。但如何阐明纳米材料多功能间的内在联系、解决其代谢及安全性等关键机制难题、实现纳米颗粒/材料多功能性到临床多功能...