恩替卡韦治疗非霍奇金淋巴瘤相关性HBV再激活34例

目的:探讨恩替卡韦(entecavir,ETV)治疗非霍奇金淋巴(non-Hodgkin's Iymphoma,NHL)相关性HBV再激活的疗效.方法:将34例NHL相关性HBV再激活患者分为2组,ETV 1.0 mg/d组(A组,n=18),ETV 0.5mg/d组(B组,n=16).观察患者病情变化、化疗中断、病死率及临床转归.于治疗后2、4、8、12、24 wk,采用实时PCR定量监测血清HBV DNA水平,采用微粒酶免疫法,于抗病毒治疗后12 wk检测血清HBV标志物.并检测肝功能变化,观察抗病毒治疗中不良事件发生情况.结果:经ETV治疗后24 wk,A组与B组患者按期继续化疗发生率、发生化疗中断差异均有统计学意义(X2=7.438,4.636,P=0.006,0.031);两组发生肝炎相关病死率、死亡率差别无统计学意义.治疗2 wk患者血清HBV DNA水平均较前下降,A组效果更佳(t=15.724,P=0.000).治疗后4、8、12 wk患者血清HBv DNA水平继续下降.两组患者血清ALT水平均下降,A组效果更佳.两组中各有1例出现ETV相关不良事件.结论:剂量为1.0 mg/d的ETV对于NHL相关性HBV再激活的抗病毒治疗具有良好的前景.     

TACE术后接受恩替卡韦治疗血清HBV DNA阴性的中晚期原发性肝癌患者生存率研究

目的 观察抗病毒治疗对血清HBV DNA阴性的中晚期肝癌患者中远期生存率的影响。方法 82例血清HBV DNA阴性的中晚期肝癌患者,采用随机数字表法分为观察组41例和对照组41例。在对照组,行经肝动脉栓塞化疗（TACE）治疗,观察组在TACE术基础上联合恩替卡韦进行抗病毒治疗。比较两组客观缓解率、疾病控制率、治疗48周和96周肝功能指标、2 a和3 a疾病无进展生存（PFS）和总生存（OS）时间。结果 术后8周,观察组和对照组客观缓解率分别为53.6%和50.3%,疾病控制率分别为82.9%和85.5% （均P>0.05）;两组治疗前后血清TBIL、ALT、INR、AFP水平差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）;观察组3 a DFS和OS分别为61.0%和73.2%,显著高于对照组的36.6%和51.2% （P<0.05）;观察组血清HBV DNA转阳率为2.4%,显著低于对照组的19.5%（P<0.05）。结论 血清HBV DNA阴性的中晚期肝癌患者在TACE术后应用恩替卡韦进行抗病毒治疗可提高生存率,避免HBV DNA转阳,使患者远期获益。     

恩替卡韦对慢性乙型肝炎患者HBV cccDNA的影响

目的评价恩替卡韦治疗2年对慢性乙型肝炎（慢乙肝）患者血清及肝细胞内HBV共价闭合环状DNA（cccDNA）水平的影响。方法选择112例恩替卡韦治疗2年的慢乙肝患者,比较治疗前后血清HBV DNA、HBV cccDNA的变化。同时比较其中12例具备治疗前后肝活检标本患者的肝细胞内HBV cccDNA水平的变化。结果治疗2年后,112例患者中有96例（85．71％）血清HBV DNA低于500 copies／ml,所有患者血清中均检测不到HBV cccDNA。12例患者肝细胞内均可检测到HBV cccDNA,且与治疗前相比元明显下降。结论恩替卡韦治疗可有效抑制HBV复制,但不能清除肝细胞内的HBV cccDNA,停药后仍有病毒反弹的可能。     

恩替卡韦治疗慢性重型乙型肝炎疗效观察

目的观察恩替卡韦治疗慢性重型乙型肝炎的疗效和安全性。方法36例慢性重型乙型肝炎患者随机分为2组。对照组16例给予常规的综合治疗;治疗组20例,在常规综合治疗的基础上,加用恩替卡韦0.5mg,每日一次,口服4周。分别观察2组治疗前后肝功能和凝血酶原活动度（PTA）、血清HBVDNA水平变化及疗效情况。结果治疗组的总有效率为85.0%,对照组为50.0%,P〈0.01。治疗后4周,与对照组相比,治疗组存活患者的总胆红素降低,凝血酶原活动度（PTA）升高、血清HBVDNA水平降低具有统计学意义P〈0.01。未发现明显的毒副作用。结论恩替卡韦治疗慢性重型乙型肝炎具有较好的疗效和安全性。     

恩替卡韦治疗HBV DNA阴性乙型肝炎肝硬化患者临床研究

在临床中经常会遇到反复（≥3次）检测 HBV DNA 阴性,但临床提示肝硬化患者,经复方鳖甲软肝片治疗6个月无效。本研究对该类患者进行观察。 资料和方法 一、临床资料：本研究中60例患者为本院2008年6月至2013年4月住院或门诊患者,入选符合以下条件：①慢性乙型肝炎病史至少6个月,A／G≤1;②PLT 60～80×109／L;③B超示肝脏回声呈粗大不均光点,门静脉直径≥1．4 cm,脾静脉直径≥0．9 cm,脾厚≥4 cm;④肝纤维化四项指标：HA,PCIII,LN,Ⅳ-C,其中至少2项或2项以上异常者;⑤HBV-M：HBsAg,HBcAb 阳性或HBsAg,HBeAg,HBcAb 阳性或 HBsAg,HBeAb,HBcAb 阳性,但 HBV DNA＜1000拷贝／mL;⑥经用复方鳖甲软肝片6个月无效［1］者。治疗组30例,年龄35～70岁,男24例,女6例,对照组30例,年龄30～66岁,男25例,女5例,两组临床资料均具有可比性。     

恩替卡韦联合TACE治疗原发性肝癌的效果分析

目的 观察恩替卡韦联合经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)治疗HBV DNA阳性肝细胞癌(HCC)的效果及其预后.方法 HBV DNA阳性(＞103拷贝/mL)的HCC患者122例,随机分为TACE+恩替卡韦治疗组(60例)和TACE组(62例),观察两组患者肝功能Child-Pugh评分、HBV DNA定量、实体瘤体积变化和2年生存率.结果 治疗1年及2年后,治疗组HBV DNA定量较对照组明显降低(x2=26,34,P＜0.05;x2=14.69,P＜0.05),Child-Pugh积分较对照组降低(7.15±1.25与8.34±1.66,7.40±1.52与9.89±1.63),治疗组和TACE组2年生存率分别为66.7％和37.1％( P＜0.05),实体瘤缩小两组差异无统计学意义(x2=0.12,P＞0.05;x2=0.02,P＞0.05).结论 恩替卡韦联合TACE治疗可改善HBV相关性HCC患者的肝功能,抑制病毒复制,提高生存率.     

恩替卡韦治疗乙肝相关性肾炎临床观察

目的探讨恩替卡韦治疗乙肝相关性肾炎(HBV-GN)的疗效。方法78例患者,临床诊断为乙肝相关性肾炎,随机分为二组。治疗组在综合治疗基础上口服恩替卡韦0.5mg,qd;对照组除不用恩替卡韦,余同治疗组。三个月后分别观察肝肾功能、HBV-M和HBVDNA等变化。结果治疗组在改善肝肾功能及HBeAg和HB-VDNA阴转率诸方面较对照组有显著性差异。结论乙肝相关性肾炎与原发性肾小球疾病的临床表现类似,恩替卡韦对治疗乙肝相关性肾炎有非常好的疗效。     

恩替卡韦治疗乙型肝炎慢加急性肝功能衰竭近期疗效及影响因素分析

目的观察恩替卡韦（ETV）治疗乙型肝炎慢加急性肝功能衰竭患者近期疗效,并分析影响近期疗效的因素。方法 91例HBV DNA阳性慢加急性肝功能衰竭患者分为ETV组与对照组,ETV组44例患者在内科治疗基础上口服ETV 0.5 mg/d,对照组47例患者给予常规内科基础治疗。于治疗第12周比较两组有效率,并采用Logistic回归分析影响近期疗效的因素。结果治疗12周时ETV组有效率56.8%,对照组34.0%,两组比较有统计学差异（P=0.029）;单因素分析结果显示基线总胆红素、直接胆红素、白蛋白、凝血酶原时间（PT）、肝衰分期、是否合并肝硬化、入院后是否ETV抗病毒治疗与近期疗效有关（P〈0.05）;多因素Logistic回归分析显示基线PT和入院后是否采用ETV抗病毒治疗与近期疗效有关（P〈0.01）。ETV治疗期间无明显不良反应发生。结论 ETV抗病毒治疗能提高乙型肝炎慢加急性肝功能衰竭患者近期疗效。基线PT和入院后是否采用ETV抗病毒治疗是影响近期疗效的主要因素。     

慢性乙型肝炎患者持续应用恩替卡韦治疗3年的疗效

目的 研究恩替卡韦(ETV)治疗慢性乙型肝炎初治患者3年的病毒学、血清学和生物化学的应答情况,以评价其疗效.方法 本研究分两个阶段:第一阶段为ETV和拉米夫定(LAM)的双盲随机对照试验,各有258例和261例入选,分别用ETV 0.5 mg/d或LAM 100 mg/d口服,共96周.第二阶段:经96周治疗,患者如未达到综合应答(bDNA<0.7 mEq/ml,HBeAg阴转持续24周以上.ALT<1.25 X正常值上限)者,或出现病毒学突破或停药后复发者,继续服用ETV1.0 mg/d 48周.共有160例患者完成了连续3年的ETV治疗.持续变量的比较采用了基于线性回归模型的t检验.结果第一阶段结束时(96周),ETV和LAM治疗组患者的HBV DNA阴转率(HBV DNA<300拷贝/ml),ALT复常率和HBeAg血清转换率分别为:79%对比46%(P<0.01),96%对比92%(P=0.06)和21%对比23%.第二阶段:160例持续ETV治疗3年,第144周时,HBV DNA阴性(<300拷贝/ml)的比例为89%,ALT复常率86%,3年的累计HBeAg血清转换率为27%.耐药性:3例在96周时出现了基因型耐药,另有2例在第96～144周时出现了基因型耐药.ETV的耐受性良好,不良反应与LAM相似,但ETV组较少出现ALT反弹.结论 3年的临床试验表明ETV是强效的抗HBV药物,其抑制HBV复制和低耐药性明显优于LAM.     

恩替卡韦分散片对HBeAg阴性慢性乙型肝炎患者T细胞亚群的影响

目的探讨HBeAg阴性慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)患者接受恩替卡韦抗病毒治疗前后细胞免疫功能的变化。方法纳入HBeAg阴性CHB患者62例,接受恩替卡韦抗病毒治疗24周。通过流式细胞术检测患者治疗前后外周血T淋巴细胞亚群的变化。结果在治疗24周结束时,患者肝功能ALT、HBV DNA水平较治疗前明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);患者外周血CD3~+、CD4~+和CD8~+细胞计数较治疗前升高,CD4~+/CD8~+比值也显著高于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论恩替卡韦可能通过抑制HBV复制、降低CHB患者体内病毒载量,间接引起机体细胞免疫功能的改善。     

恩替卡韦治疗慢性乙型肝炎病毒携带者近期疗效观察

目的 观察恩替卡韦治疗慢性HBV携带者的近期疗效与安全陛,探讨慢性HBV携带者抗病毒治疗的临床意义. 方法 慢性HBV携带者47例,慢性乙型肝炎患者46例,诊断均符合“慢性乙型肝炎防治指南(2010年版)”.两组患者均给予恩替卡韦分散片0.5 mg/d口服治疗,观察两组患者治疗第4、12、24、48周血清学应答率、生物化学应答率与突破率的差异,并观察药物相关不良事件发生率.数据均使用SPSS17.0统计分析软件进行,分别采用t检验和x2检验.结果 第4、12、24、48周完全病毒学应答率:慢性HBV携带者组分别为14.9％、51.1％、76.6％和97.9％;慢性乙型肝炎患者组分别为,17.4％、63.0％、89.1％和100.0％,两组间各时间点比较,差异均无统计学意义.第4、12、24、48周部分病毒学应答率:慢性HBV携带者组分别为42.6％、57.4％、85.0％和100.0％;慢性乙型肝炎患者组分别为47.8％、65.2％、89.1％和100.0％,两组间各时间点比较,差异均无统计学意义.第4、12、24、48周HBeAg阴转率:慢性HBV携带者组分别为0、2.1％、4.3％和8.5％;慢性乙型肝炎患者组分别为4.4％、8.7％、13.0％和21.7％,两组间各时间点比较,差异均无统计学意义.第4、12、24、48周HBeAg血清学转换率:慢陛HBV携带者组分别为0、0、2.1％和6.4％;慢性乙型肝炎患者组分别为0、4.4％、10.9％和17.4％,两组间各时间点比较,差异均无统计学意义.HBsAg阴转率与血清学转换率,两组各观察时段均为0.慢性乙型肝炎患者组第4、12、24、48周ALT复常率分别为26.1％、65.2％、91.3％和97.8％.两组患者均无病毒学突破和生物化学突破病例.两组患者均未观察到肾毒性、骨髓抑制、横纹肌溶解或其他药物相关不良事件.结论 采用恩替卡韦分散片治疗慢性HBV携带者近期疗效好、安全.     

恩替卡韦抗病毒治疗对乙型肝炎相关肝细胞癌肝动脉化疗栓塞术预后的影响

目的探讨恩替卡韦抗病毒治疗对乙型肝炎相关肝细胞癌肝动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)预后的影响。方法选取2011年1月—2018年3月在南方医院肝肿瘤中心首次接受TACE治疗的HCC患者170例,包括恩替卡韦治疗组114例,对照组(未抗病毒治疗)56例。记录治疗前基线的人口学资料,ALT、AST、TBil、Alb、PLT和Child-Pugh分级,HBeAg和HBV DNA水平,AFP、BCLC分期,以及治疗后4~8周的HBV DNA水平,ALT、AST、TBil、Alb和Child-Pugh分级变化和治疗后长期的生存状况。观察患者的短期和长期临床获益(总生存期)。计量资料两组间比较采用t检验或Mann-Whitney U检验;计数资料两组间比较采用χ2检验。对治疗前临床相关指标进行多因素logistic分析,以发现与乙型肝炎再活动的相关危险因素。Kaplan-Meier法分析总生存期的生存曲线,log-rank检验生存曲线间差异性。结果恩替卡韦治疗组患者乙型肝炎再活动的发生率与对照组比较无差异(15.79%vs 16.07%,χ2=0.002,P=0.962)。PLT水平在乙型肝炎再活动组与无乙型肝炎再活动组间差异有统计学意义(Z=-2.183,P=0.029)。多因素分析结果显示,HBV DNA水平是乙型肝炎再活动的独立危险因素(HR=1.000,P=0.015)。恩替卡韦组的1、3和5年生存率分别是56.20%、30.30%和13.20%,对照组的1、3和5年生存率分别是60.60%、27.20%和16.30%,两组在总体生存率上差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.049,P=0.755)。结论抗病毒治疗可以抑制乙型肝炎相关HCC患者TACE术后HBV复制,从而减少TACE治疗的肝毒性。     

恩替卡韦治疗慢性乙型肝炎患者血清HBV cccDNA和HBV pgRNA水平变化*

目的 探讨血清 HBV 共价闭合环状 DNA(HBV cccDNA)和HBV前基因组 RNA(HBV pgRNA)水平预测血清HBeAg阳性慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)患者接受恩替卡韦治疗后疗效的临床价值。方法 2018年1月～2020年1月我院收治的HBeAg阳性CHB患者89例,均口服恩替卡韦分散片治疗48 w。使用COOBAS TAQMAN和COBAS Amliprep系统和采用荧光定量PCR法检测血清HBV cccDNA和HBV pgRNA水平,采用化学发光法定量检测血清HBsAg和HBeAg水平。应用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)分析血清各指标预测恩替卡韦治疗的CHB患者疗效的价值。结果 89例HBeAg阳性CHB患者经恩替卡韦治疗48 w后,获得病毒学应答85例(95.5%),生化学应答80例(89.9%),血清学应答9例(10.1%);获得完全应答75例(84.3%);完全应答组血清ALT、HBsAg、HBeAg、HBV DNA, HBV cccDNA和HBV pgRNA水平分别为(228.3±34.9)U/L、(2.5±0.4)lg IU/mL、(18.6±1.9)S/CO、(6.1±0.6)lg IU/mL、(2.2±0.2)cps/mL和(4.5±0.6)cps/mL,与非完全应答组【分别为(69.5±17.1)U/L、(3.7±0.7)lg IU/mL、(163.2±16.3)S/CO、(6.8±0.7)lg IU/mL、(3.9±0.4)cps/mL和(7.0±0.7)cps/mL】比,差异显著(P＜0.05);应用血清HBV cccDNA与HBV pgRNA水平联合预测CHB患者接受恩替卡韦治疗疗效的ROC曲线下面积为0.892,其敏感性为81.6%,特异性为89.5%。结论 在抗病毒治疗前,检测HBeAg阳性慢性乙型肝炎患者血清HBV cccDNA和HBV pgRNA水平预测疗效有一定的应用价值,值得进一步研究。     

Use of entecavir in hepatitis B virus reactivation of a patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

We read with interest the case report by Liu et al and the correspondence by Tuna et al regarding this case. Liu et al described hepatitis B virus(HBV) reactivation in a patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphomaafter withdrawal of lamivudine prophylaxis. When HBV reactivation was observed three months after lamivudine withdrawal, entecavir 0.5 mg daily was started. HBV DNA level was moderately elevated(104 copies/m L) at that time. So, we could not understand why a potent antiviral like entecavir was required for this case. In addition to this, entecavir must be used at a dose of 1 mg in patients with prior prophylactic treatment with lamivudine. As stated by Tuna et al duration of lamivudine prophylaxis in this case might be insufficient and HBV reactivation might have occured for this reason. So, we suppose that resolution of HBV reactivation might also be achieved with lamivudine instead of entecavir in this case.     

Perioperative reactivation of hepatitis B virus replication in patients undergoing partial hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma

Background and Aim: Reactivation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication happens in patients who receive transarterial chemoembolization or systemic chemotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The incidence and risk factors of HBV reactivation during the perioperative period in HCC patients receiving hepatic resection is unknown. Methods: Between May 2009 and November 2010, 164 consecutive patients with HBV‐related HCC who underwent hepatic resection were prospectively enrolled in the study. Among these, 126 patients received antiviral treatment before the operation (the antiviral group) and 38 patients did not receive any antiviral treatment (the non‐antiviral group). Results: Ten patients (6.1%) developed HBV reactivation perioperatively (within 1 month after hepatectomy). The incidence of HBV reactivation in the antiviral group and non‐antiviral group were 1.6% (2/126) and 21.1% (8/38), respectively (P < 0.001). On univariate analysis, preoperative HBV DNA < 1.0 × 10³ copies/mL and non‐antiviral therapy were significantly correlated with the occurrence of HBV reactivation (P = 0.044 and P < 0.001, respectively). Only non‐antiviral therapy remained as a predictive factor on multivariate analysis (odds ratio, 15.46; 95% confidence interval, 2.80–85.46, P = 0.002). The recovery of liver function (defined as a decrease of alanine aminotransferase back to normal) was achieved in 86.8% (132/152) patients without HBV reactivation and in 37.5% (3/8) patients with HBV reactivation when evaluated on day 30 after hepatectomy (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Hepatectomy could reactivate HBV replication during the perioperative period, especially in patients who did not receive any antiviral therapy. A close monitoring of HBV DNA during the perioperative period was necessary irrespective of the preoperative HBV DNA level. Once HBV was reactivated, antiviral therapy should be given.     

Hepatitis B reactivation in patients receiving direct-acting antiviral therapy or interferon-based therapy for hepatitis C:A systematic review and meta-analysis

AIM To assess the incidence of hepatitis B virus(HBV) reactivation in patients receiving direct-acting antiviral agent(DAA)-based therapy or interferon(IFN)-based therapy for hepatitis C and the effectiveness of preemptive antiHBV therapy for preventing HBV reactivation.METHODS The Pub Med, MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched, and 39 studies that reported HBV reactivation in HBV/hepatitis C virus coinfected patients receiving DAAbased therapy or IFN-based therapy were included. The primary outcome was the rate of HBV reactivation. The secondary outcomes included HBV reactivation-related hepatitis and the effectiveness of preemptive anti-HBV treatment with nucleos(t)ide analogues. The pooled effects were assessed using a random effects model. RESULTS The rate of HBV reactivation was 21.1% in hepatitis Bsurface antigen(HBs Ag)-positive patients receiving DAAbased therapy and 11.9% in those receiving IFN-based therapy. The incidence of hepatitis was lower in HBs Agpositive patients with undetectable HBV DNA compared to patients with detectable HBV DNA receiving DAA therapy(RR = 0.20, 95%CI: 0.06-0.64, P = 0.007). The pooled HBV reactivation rate in patients with previous HBV infection was 0.6% for those receiving DAA-based therapy and 0 for those receiving IFN-based therapy, and none of the patients experienced a hepatitis flare related to HBV reactivation. Preemptive anti-HBV treatment significantly reduced the potential risk of HBV reactivation in HBs Agpositive patients undergoing DAA-based therapy(RR = 0.31, 95%CI: 0.1-0.96, P = 0.042).CONCLUSION The rate of HBV reactivation and hepatitis flare occurrence is higher in HBs Ag-positive patients receiving DAA-based therapy than in those receiving IFN-based therapy, but these events occur less frequently in patients with previous HBV infection. Preemptive anti-HBV treatment is effective in preventing HBV reactivation.     

Changes in hepatitis B virus DNA levels and liver function after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma

Aim: Reports concerning changes in hepatitis B virus (HBV) status and liver function in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) during or after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) have been rare and the results inconsistent. The objective of this retrospective study was to evaluate these parameters in a large cohort of HBV‐related HCC patients. Methods: One hundred and seventy‐two hepatitis B surface antigen positive HCC patients with Child–Pugh grade A or B liver disease who underwent 228 sessions of TACE were enrolled, and related clinical and laboratory data were analyzed. Results: In total, HBV reactivated in 33 (14.5%), remained stable in 152 (66.7%) and decreased in 43 (18.8%) sessions. Univariate analysis revealed that sex and HBV DNA levels correlated with changes in HBV DNA status after TACE, while hepatitis B e‐antigen (HBeAg), prothrombin time and chemotherapeutic agents were marginally significant factors. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the major factors that influenced the HBV DNA status were baseline HBV DNA levels(P = 0.0002) and HBeAg (P = 0.0387). A comparison of the post‐TACE (30–90 days) liver function to the baseline revealed no significant differences. The reactivation group has the highest rate of exacerbation (12.1%) compared with the stable group (5.9%) and downregulation group (4.7%). Conclusion: HBV DNA changes after TACE included reactivated, decreased and stable HBV DNA levels. Although HBV reactivation did not necessarily result in exacerbation of liver damage and most HCC patients with Child–Pugh grade A and B tolerated TACE well, careful post‐procedure monitoring and managing is needed.     

Low incidence of hepatitis B virus reactivation and subsequent hepatitis in patients with chronic hepatitis C receiving direct‐acting antiviral therapy

To determine the clinical characteristics of hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation in patients undergoing interferon‐free antihepatitis C virus (HCV) therapy, we examined HBV DNA in 25 HBV co‐infected patients and 765 patients with resolved HBV infection during and after treatment with direct‐acting antiviral agents (DAAs). Among those with HCV genotype 1, asunaprevir plus daclatasvir was administered to 160 patients, sofosbuvir (SOF) plus ledipasvir to 438 patients and paritaprevir plus ombitasvir and ritonavir to 25 patients. In total, 167 patients with genotype 2 were treated with SOF plus ribavirin. Three patients with an HBV DNA level ≥2000 IU/mL were treated with entecavir before anti‐HCV therapy, without reactivation of HBV. In 3 of 22 (12%) HBV surface antigen (HBsAg)‐positive patients with an HBV DNA level <2000 IU/mL, the viral load increased during treatment. However, hepatitis flare did not occur in these patients. There was no significant difference in clinical history between patients with and without HBV reactivation. Among 765 patients with resolved HBV infection, HBV reactivation occurred in 1 (0.1%) patient after initial resolution, whose HBV DNA level spontaneously decreased after DAA therapy. We compared anti‐HBs titres at baseline with those at post‐DAA therapy in 123 patients without HBsAg. There was no significant difference in anti‐HBs levels between the two points (P = .79). In conclusion, HBV reactivation was rare in HBsAg‐negative patients treated with DAA therapy. Additionally, hepatitis did not occur in HBV‐reactivated patients with a baseline HBV DNA level <2000 IU/mL before DAA therapy.     

HBV/HCV相关性肝细胞癌抗病毒治疗专家建议

乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)和丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染在肝细胞癌(HCC)的发生发展中起重要作用.我国近年发布的《慢性乙型肝炎防治指南(2010版)》和《原发性肝癌诊疗规范(2011版)》都强调了肝癌患者抗病毒治疗的重要性,但未作深入具体阐述.《丙型肝炎防治指南(2004版)》也注意到抗病毒治疗延缓HCC的发生.有鉴于此,中华医学会肝病学分会肝癌学组召开了三次专题讨论会,系统收集分析了现有HCC综合治疗中抗病毒治疗的临床研究文献,回顾了HCC治疗中抗病毒药物临床应用进展,依据现有病毒相关性HCC抗病毒治疗的循证医学临床资料,综合部分专家的意见,按照循证医学证据分级的GRADE系统(表1)进行细化和补充,针对这些患者抗病毒治疗的应用达成共识,提出如下具体建议,供国内同道参考,以期在临床实践过程中依据新的临床医学证据进行修改和更新,进一步完善《原发性肝癌诊疗规范》、《慢性乙型肝炎防治指南》和《丙型肝炎防治指南》的实施.     

恩替卡韦治疗慢性乙型肝炎患者血清HBsAg变化与病毒学应答的相关性研究

目的 探讨应用恩替卡韦治疗HBeAg阳性慢性乙型肝炎患者血清HBsAg的变化以及与病毒学应答之间的关系。方法 2014年9月~2015年12月我院诊治的142例HBeAg阳性慢性乙型肝炎患者接受恩替卡韦治疗,观察96周。采用荧光定量PCR 法检测血清HBV DNA,采用酶联免疫吸附法检测HBV 标记物。结果 在治疗24周末,87例患者获得完全病毒学应答,55例获得部分病毒学应答;完全病毒学应答组血清HBeAg 水平为（204.5±64.2）S/CO,显著低于部分应答组的【（226.2±70.5） S/CO,P<0.05】,HBsAg 水平为（2.9±0.2） lg IU/mL,显著低于部分应答组的【（3.4±0.3） lg IU/mL,P<0.05】;在治疗48周末,两组血清HBeAg和HBsAg水平无显著性相差（P>0.05）;在治疗96周末,两组血清HBsAg水平无显著性差异（P>0.05）,但完全病毒学应答组血清HBV DNA水平为（1.1±0.9） lg IU/mL,显著低于部分应答组的【（4.3±0.8） lg IU/mL,P<0.05】。结论 恩替卡韦治疗的HBeAg阳性慢性乙型肝炎患者血清HBeAg 和HBsAg水平变化不显著,对继续治疗的效果也没有预测意义,因此应对不完全应答的患者早日更换治疗方案。