大五人格因素与企业职工工作倦怠的关系

目的:探讨大五人格因素与企业职工工作倦怠的关系。方法:采用工作倦怠问卷(MBI-GS)与大五人格问卷调查了506名某企业职工。结果:分层回归分析的结果显示,在控制了人口统计学变量之后,大五人格因素所解释的工作倦怠的方差变异量,在情绪衰竭、玩世不恭和职业效能三个维度分别为28%、24%和17%。具体而言,宜人性是情绪衰竭、玩世不恭和职业效能的有效预测因子;责任感是玩世不恭和职业效能的有效预测因子;情绪稳定性是情绪衰竭和玩世不恭的有效预测因子;而外向性和开放性两个维度对工作倦怠的预测作用均未达到显著水平。结论:大五人格因素能够有效预测企业职工的工作倦怠。     

企业员工人格、团队认同及其职业倦怠间的关系

目的:探究企业员工人格和团队认同对职业倦怠的影响.方法:采用大五人格量表、职业倦怠量表和团队认同量表,对635名来自不同公司的员工进行测评.结果:分层多元回归结果表明:①神经质维度可以显著预测情感衰竭和玩世不恭维度(P<0.001),责任感维度可以负向预测成就感低落维度(P<0.001),外向性可以显著预测玩世不恭维度(P<0.01);②团队认同对情感衰竭、玩世不恭和成就感低落三个维度都有显著的负向预测作用(P<0.001);③团队认同在外向性和情感衰竭及成就感低落的关系中起到中介作用(P<0.05),进一步的Sobel Z检验证实上述结果(P<0.001),结论:企业员工的人格各维度对职业倦怠有不同的预测作用,团队认同在其中起着重要的中介作用.     

Burnout,Job Satisfaction,and Medical Malpractice among Physicians

Objectives: Our objective was to estimate the incidence of recent burnout in a large sample of Taiwanese physicians and analyze associations with job related satisfaction and medical malpractice experience.Methods: We performed a cross-sectional survey. Physicians were asked to fill out a questionnaire that included demographic information, practice characteristics, burnout, medical malpractice experience, job satisfaction, and medical error experience. There are about 2% of total physicians. Physicians who were members of the Taiwan Society of Emergency Medicine, Taiwan Surgical Association, Taiwan Association of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Taiwan Pediatric Association, and Taiwan Stroke Association, and physicians of two medical centers, three metropolitan hospitals, and two local community hospitals were recruited.Results: There is high incidence of burnout among Taiwan physicians. In our research, Visiting staff (VS) and residents were more likely to have higher level of burnout of the emotional exhaustion (EE) and depersonalization (DP), and personal accomplishment (PA). There was no difference in burnout types in gender. Married had higher-level burnout in EE. Physicians who were 20~30 years old had higher burnout levels in EE, those 31~40 years old had higher burnout levels in DP, and PA. Physicians who worked in medical centers had a higher rate in EE, DP, and who worked in metropolitan had higher burnout in PA. With specialty-in-training, physicians had higher-level burnout in EE and DP, but lower burnout in PA. Physicians who worked 13-17hr continuously had higher-level burnout in EE. Those with ≥41 times/week of being on call had higher-level burnout in EE and DP. Physicians who had medical malpractice experience had higher-level burnout in EE, DP, and PA. Physicians who were not satisfied with physician-patient relationships had higher-level burnout than those who were satisfied.Conclusion: Physicians in Taiwan face both burnout and a high risk in medical malpractice. There is high incidence of burnout among Taiwan physicians. This can cause shortages in medical care human resources and affect patient safety. We believe that high burnout in physicians was due to long working hours and several other factors, like mental depression, the evaluation assessment system, hospital culture, patient-physician relationships, and the environment. This is a very important issue on public health that Taiwanese authorities need to deal with.     

山东省重症监护室护理人员职业倦怠与大五人格的相关性研究

目的探讨山东省重症监护室(ICU)护理人员职业倦怠与大五人格的相关性。方法对随机抽取的山东省ICU护理人员采用职业倦怠量表和大五人格量表进行问卷调查,分别采用相关分析和分层回归分析对获得的数据进行统计学分析。结果在相关分析中,除开放性与职业倦怠的3个维度无统计学差异外(P>0.05),大五人格的其它维度与职业倦怠的3个维度均存在统计学差异(P<0.01)。而分层回归分析显示,神经质可对职业倦怠产生正向的预测作用,外倾性、自觉性可对职业倦怠产生负向的预测作用。结论大五人格可以预测ICU护理人员的职业倦怠。     

医生职业倦怠的现状与分析

目的调查医生职业倦怠的现状。方法采用工作倦怠问卷(CMBI)对646名医生进行调查。结果医生中有31.6%轻度倦怠,36.4%中度倦怠,7.7%重度倦怠;各维度,34.1%情感衰竭,48.1%人格解体,45.4%成就感降低。男性医生情感衰竭和人格解体比女性更严重,而成就感更高;职称方面,初级职称医生职业倦怠更严重;内外科医生情感衰竭比精神科严重,而较之其他科室,外科医生成就感更高,精神科更低。结论医生职业倦怠现状严重,防治工作应关注男性、初级职称的医生,并针对不同科室的特点制定相关政策。     

法官工作倦怠情况及其相关因素

目的:探讨法官工作倦怠状况及其与工作应激、应对方式的关系。方法:采用中式工作倦怠量表、工作应激量表和简易应对方式量表对247名法官施测,并通过结构方程模型考察工作倦怠与工作应激、应对方式的关系。结果:不同年龄法官工作倦怠量表各分量表评分差异有显著性(F=1.89、2.49、3.83,P<0.05)。情绪耗竭分量表:20—30岁得分最低(17.6±6.8),31-40岁得分最高(20.5±7.1),41—50岁及50岁以上者评分分别为19.9±5.5、19.6±7.2。人格解体分量表:50岁以上法官评分均高于50岁以下的三组法官(16.0±6.4/12.7±5.6/12.1±5.3/12.0±6.3,P<0.05)。成就感降低分量表:20—30岁和31-40岁法官评分均高于41岁以上的二组法官(15.9±5.5、15.8土5.4/13.7±5.8、12.2±4.5,P<0.05)。回归分析显示:以情绪耗竭为因变量时,奖赏不足、工作负荷和消极应对进入回归方程(Beta= 0.289、0.180、0.173);以人格解体为因变量时,共同体瓦解和价值观冲突进入回归方程(Beta=0.170、0.309);以成就感降低为因变量时,共同体瓦解和缺乏控制进入回归方程(Beta=0.229、0.232)。结论:不同年龄的法官其工作倦怠程度不同;工作应激和应对方式均对工作倦怠产生影响,但作用的方式和大小不同,应对方式是工作应激与工作倦怠的中介因素。     

Burnout among dutch medical residents

We examined levels of burnout and relationships between burnout, gender, age, years in training, and medical specialty in 158 medical residents working at the University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands. Thirteen percent of the residents met the criteria for burnout, with the highest percentage of burnout cases among medical residents in Psychiatry. Significantly more male residents than female residents suffered from severe burnout. Medical residents reported significantly lower mean scores on personal accomplishment than medical specialists and other health care workers; they also reported lower mean scores on emotional exhaustion than medical specialists. Male residents had significantly higher depersonalization scores than female residents. Positive significant relationships were found between personal accomplishment and age and years in training. Obstetrics & Gynecology residents reported significantly more personal accomplishment than residents in Psychiatry, Internal Medicine, Pediatrics, and Anesthesiology. Residents in Psychiatry had significantly lower scores on personal accomplishment than residents in Internal Medicine. Our findings show that burnout is present in a small but significant number of medical residents.     

大学生学习倦怠与人格的相关研究

目的通过对山西大同大学大学生的学习倦怠与人格的调查研究,帮助大学生摆脱学习倦怠现状,提高学习的积极性。方法使用连榕等编制的《大学生学习倦怠调查量表》和《艾森克人格问卷量表》同时对大同大学4个年级366名大学生进行随机调查 采用SPSS 13.0对数据进行相关分析和逐步回归分析。结果大学生学习倦怠存在性别、学科和年级差异显著 人格量表P、N与学习倦怠的各因子呈显著的正相关 L量表与学习倦怠的情绪低落和行为不当两因子呈显著的正相关 E量表与学习倦怠的情绪低落和成就感低呈显著的负相关。结论当代大学生的学习倦怠与人格相关。人格量表N、P分量表是学习倦怠的预测变量。     

Burnout in the working population: relations to psychosocial work factors

This study investigated levels of burnout in the general population irrespective of occupation and relations between burnout and psychosocial work factors. A cross-sectional survey featuring sleep problems, psychological distress, burnout (Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey), and psychosocial factors at work, was mailed to a random sample of 3,000 participants, aged 20–60. Response rate was 61%. A high level (18%), a low level (19%), and an intermediate group (63%) for burnout were constructed. The high level group was associated with those who were > 50 years old, women, those experiencing psychological distress, and those with a poor psychosocial work climate. The analyses on variables significant in previous analyses showed that the high level group was strongly related to high demands, low control, lack of social support, and disagreeing about values at the workplace even when accounting for age, gender, and psychological distress. We conclude that psychosocial work factors are important in association to burnout regardless of occupation.     

高中教师职业压力、社会支持与职业倦怠的典型相关

目的探讨职业压力,社会支持与高中教师职业倦怠的典型相关关系。方法以97名高中教师为研究对象,选择职业压力量表、职业倦怠量表与社会支持量表为评定工具。结果两列变量发现的两对典型相关系数都达到显著水平,高职业压力将导致更高的职业倦怠水平,高社会支持水平降低倦怠水平。结论社会支持水平在职业压力与职业倦怠之间可能具有中介调节作用。     

Burnout,self- and supervisor-rated job performance,and absenteeism among nurses

This study examined how job stress and work support predict the experience of burnout and how burnout is related to absenteeism and job performance in a sample of 73 registered nurses. The current study expanded on previous findings by including supervisor ratings of performance and employee records of absenteeism in addition to self-report measures. It also examined the extent to which burnout may mediate the relationships of job stress and social support with these performance indicators. Analyses indicated that levels of work support and job stress were both significant predictors of burnout. Additionally, higher burnout levels were significantly associated with poorer self-rated and supervisor-rated job performance, more sick leave, and more reported absences for mental health reasons. Finally, further analyses suggest that level of burnout served as a mediator of the relationships between social support and self-rated job performance, absences for mental health reasons, and intentions to quit. The findings suggest that burnout not only may negatively impact healthcare providers, but also may influence objective absenteeism and supervisor perceptions of employee performance.     

MBI量表在护士工作倦怠研究中的测试

目的:探讨MBI量表(Maslach Burnout Inventory)在护士工作倦怠研究中的应用.方法:518名护士完成了该量表中译本以及应对方式、心理健康水平测评.结果:该量表同质信度较高(0.73-0.86),能够反映出不同科别护士的工作倦怠水平差异,与护士个体的应对方式(r=0.105-0.368)以及心理健康水平(r=0.231-0.482)均显著相关.结论:MBI量表具有较好的信度和效度,对于研究国内护士群体职业压力具有实践意义.     

大学生学习倦怠现状与人格特征的关系研究

目的探讨大学生学习倦怠现状及其与人格特征之间的关系。方法采用大学生学习倦怠量表和大五人格简式量表对360名大学生进行调查。通过方差分析、相关分析及逐步回归分析得出数据结果。结果大学生学习倦怠在性别、年级上均有显著差异,人格因素中的神经质与情绪低落、行为不当呈显著正相关(r=0.350,0.108,P<0.05),与低成就感呈显著负相关(r=-0.162,P<0.05);外倾性与情绪低落因子呈显著负相关(r=-0.169,P<0.05),与低成就感呈显著正相关(r=0.389,P<0.05);开放性与情绪低落、低成就感成显著正相关(r=0.142,0.291,P<0.05);宜人性与情绪低落成显著正相关(r=0.319,P<0.05);严谨性与情绪低落成显著负相关(r=-0.115,P<0.05),与低成就感呈显著正相关(r=0.252,P<0.05)。结论人格各变量对学习倦怠有显著的预测效果。     

Burnout and Resilience among Emergency Physicians at Korean University Hospitals during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Analysis

PurposeThis study aimed to investigate burnout and resilience among emergency physicians (EPs) at university teaching hospitals during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic.Materials and MethodsIn April to May 2021, a survey was administered to 331 and 309 emergency medicine specialists and residents, respectively, from 31 university teaching hospitals in Korea. Data on the respondents’ age, sex, designation, working area, experience with treating COVID-19 patients, and personal experience with COVID-19 were collected. Based on the participants’ characteristics, quality of life (compassion satisfaction, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress), resilience, emotional content, and self-image were analyzed.ResultsA total of 247 responses were analyzed. Compared to specialists, compassion satisfaction and resilience in residents were not good, burnout was severe, and emotional content and self-image were less positive. Experiences with treating COVID-19 patients did not cause any difference in quality of life, resilience, emotional content, and self-image among participant subgroups. Personal COVID-19 experiences were associated with poor compassion satisfaction, resilience, less positive emotional content and self-image, and severe burnout. Compassion satisfaction, secondary traumatic stress, and resilience can definitively affect burnout.ConclusionThe quality of life and resilience of EPs in university teaching hospitals in Korea during the COVID-19 pandemic have been low. Supportive measures to improve resilience can prevent burnout among emergency staff, particularly residents and EPs, with personal experiences related to COVID-19.     

护士职业倦怠与工作压力的相关研究

目的对护士的职业倦怠、工作压力情况做探讨,揭示压力对职业倦怠的影响。方法对唐山市3家医院的200名护士,运用护士职业倦怠量表和生活满意度量表进行调查,回收有效问卷168份。使用SPSS 11.5进行统计分析,主要的统计方法有描述分析,单因素方差分析,差异检验,相关分析。结果①护士的职业倦怠整体水平较高;②护士的年龄、人事关系等人口学变量对其职业倦怠水平的影响存在显著性差异(P<0.05);③护士的职业压力与职业倦怠有显著的相关(r=0.415,P<0.01)。结论唐山护士工作压力越大,职业倦怠水平越高。     

监狱民警工作倦怠与压力源的关系

目的了解监狱民警的工作倦怠状况以及监狱民警工作倦怠与压力源之间的关系,为预防和干预监狱民警工作倦怠提供现实依据。方法采用职业倦怠问卷通用版和自编压力源问卷,采取整群抽样法抽取243名监狱民警进行问卷调查。结果来自工作方面的压力因素对情绪衰竭与冷嘲热讽有显著的正向预测作用(β=0.687,0.758;P<0.001,P<0.001),对职业效能感有显著的负向预测作用(β=-0.424,P<0.001),来自生活方面的压力因素对情绪衰竭有显著的正向预测作用(β=-0.213,P<0.001),对职业效能感有显著的负向预测作用(β=-0.275,P<0.001)。结论工作压力、生活压力是监狱民警工作倦怠产生的主要影响因素。     

中小学教师工作压力、社会支持与职业倦怠的关系

目的探讨中小学教师工作压力、社会支持、职业倦怠之间的关系。方法采用职业倦怠问卷、工作压力问卷和社会支持问卷对1831名中小学教师进行测查。结果 1教师群体中,男性职业倦怠程度高于女性(F=1.925,P0.05),不同教龄的教师在成就感低落维度得分和职业倦怠总分上有显著差异(F=5.053,P0.01;F=2.801,P0.05),初中教师职业倦怠程度高于小学与高中教师(F=3.253,P0.05);2工作压力与职业倦怠呈正相关(r=0.27,0.42,0.38,0.49,0.35,0.43,0.28,0.29;P0.01),与支持利用度呈负相关(r=-0.06,-0.11,-0.53,-0.12,-0.13,-0.10,-0.09,-0.07;P0.01),社会支持与职业倦怠也呈负相关(r=-0.25,-0.31,-0.22;P0.01);3中小学教师社会支持在工作压力与职业倦怠之间起部分中介作用。结论工作压力既可以直接影响中小学教师职业倦怠,也可以通过社会支持间接影响职业倦怠。     

中小学教师职业压力、职业倦怠与心理健康研究

目的:了解中小学教师职业压力、职业倦怠与心理健康的状况并探讨其相互关系。方法:运用教师职业压力问卷、职业倦怠问卷和SCL-90对564名中小学教师进行调查。结果:教师职业压力各因子和职业倦怠的情绪衰竭、低个人成就感维度得分均高于2.5分;除了偏执、精神病性之外,被试在SCL-90各分量表上的因子分≥3的人数比例均高于4%,男女教师在人际敏感、敌对、精神病性和其他因子上存在显著差异,不同类型学校教师在除躯体化外各因子上均存在显著差异。职业压力的人际关系因子和职业倦怠总分及各维度与心理健康总分及各因子存在显著正相关。路径分析显示,职业压力和职业倦怠与心理健康间分别存在间接和直接的因果关系。结论:教师职业压力比较大、职业倦怠较为严重,心理健康水平较低。职业倦怠是职业压力和心理健康之间重要的相关因素。