Cyclooxygenase metabolites play a different role in ozone-induced pulmonary function decline in asthmatics compared to normals

Indomethacin has been used to demonstrate that cyclooxygenase (COX) metabolites of arachidonic acid play a mechanistic role in ozone-induced spirometric decline in normals (Nm). Since the weight of evidence suggests that asthmatics (Asth) do not differ substantially from Nm subjects in the magnitude of their spirometric response to ozone, we sought to determine whether COX metabolites play a similar role in the asthmatic response to ozone. Thirteen (n = 13) Asth and nine (n = 9) Nm volunteers were pretreated with indomethacin or placebo (3 days, 75 mg/day), then exposed for 2 h to 400 ppb ozone or clean air while performing mild intermittent exercise (Vi(min) = 30 L/min.). Baseline changes in spirometry (FVC, FEV(1), FEF(25), FEF(50), FEF(60p), FEF(75)) and soluble markers of COX metabolism (prostaglandin [PG] F2-alpha) were measured from induced sputum samples. Results showed similar reductions in FVC (Asth = 12%, Nm = 10%) and FEV(1) (Asth = 13%, Nm = 11%) in Asth and Nm following ozone. Variables representing small-airways function demonstrated the greatest ozone-induced decline in Asth (FEF(75) = 25%). Indomethacin pretreatment significantly attenuated ozone-induced decreases in FVC and FEV(1) in Nm, but not in Asth. Marked attenuation of ozone-induced decrements in FEF(75) and FEF(60p) was observed in Asth but not in Nm. PGF2-alpha levels were similar in both groups prior to ozone exposure with indomethacin (Asth = 65 pg/ml, Nm = 59 pg/ml), but postexposure levels in Asth were significantly elevated (118 pg/ml) compared to Nm (54 pg/ml). We conclude that COX metabolites, such as PGF2-alpha, play an important but different role in asthmatics than normals with respect to ozone-induced pulmonary function decline. Specifically, COX metabolites contribute to restrictive-type changes in normals and obstructive-type changes in small airways in asthmatics.     

Cardiorespiratory responses to submaximal incremental exercise are not affected by one night's sleep deprivation during the follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of one night's sleep deprivation on the cardiorespiratory responses to exercise during the follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle. We have studied nine, healthy females aged 24-35 years with regular menstrual cycles. Each subject performed spirometric tests at rest and then an incremental exercise testing during 11-13 days of follicular phase and 22-24 days of luteal phase following one normal night's sleep or one night's sleep loss. Compared with resting values exercise produced significant increases in cardiorespiratory variables including oxygen uptake (VO2), carbon dioxide production (VCO2), tidal volume (VT), respiratory rate (RR), minute ventilation (VE), systolic blood pressure, heart rate (HR) and respiratory quotient (R). However, it did not alter significantly diastolic blood pressure, end-tidal PO2 (PETO2), end-tidal PCO2 (PETCO2) and arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2). Spirometric variables which include forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one s (FEV1), FEV1/FVC%, forced expiratory volume in three s (FEV3), forced expired flow from 25-75% of FVC (FEF 25-75%), forced expired flow at 25% of FVC (FEF 25%), forced expired flow at 50% of FVC (FEF 50%), forced expired flow at 75% of FVC (FEF 75%), forced expired flow from 75-85% of FVC (FEF 75-85%), peak expiratory flow (PEF), expiratory reserve volume (ERV), inspiratory capacity (IC) and maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV) and cardiorespiratory variables were not different between the cycle phases after one normal night's sleep or one night's sleep deprivation. Neither menstrual cycle phase nor sleep deprivation affected spirometric and cardiorespiratory parameters. We suggest that one night's sleep deprivation does not produce alterations in spirometric parameters and cardiorespiratory responses to submaximal incremental exercise during the follicular and luteal phases.     

丙酸氟替卡松联合斯奇康治疗儿童哮喘对肺功能的影响

目的:观察哮喘患儿吸入丙酸氟替卡松(辅舒酮)和注射斯奇康治疗后对肺功能的影响程度。方法:应用MasterScope儿童肺功能仪对儿童哮喘进行用药前后肺功能指标测定。结果:在受检20例患儿中,治疗前后其肺功能指标除FVC、FEV1外,PEF、FEF25、FEF50、FEF75均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:丙酸氟替卡松和斯奇康联合用于儿童哮喘的治疗及预防,对缓解症状和改善肺功能均能收到良好效果。     

小气道功能指标在儿童哮喘病情严重程度评估及临床诊断中的应用

目的 探讨小气道功能指标在儿童哮喘病情严重程度评估及临床诊断中的应用价值。方法 选取2013年5月至2016年4月于郑州市第二人民医院56例哮喘急性发作期病儿作为哮喘组,并根据哮喘急性发作严重程度分为轻度(21例)、中度(20例)和重度(15例)三个亚组,同时选取同期、年龄相仿及性别相匹配的30例因其他原因引起喘息咳嗽的慢性炎症病儿和32例入院检查健康儿童分别作为非哮喘组和对照组,收集各组儿童一般资料,采用肺功能测定系统检测各组儿童用力肺活量(FVC)、最大呼气流量(PEF)、第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)和FEV1/FVC比值、呼出25%肺活量时呼气流速(FEF25%)、呼出50%肺活量时呼气流速(FEF50%)、呼出75%肺活量时呼气流速(FEF75%)、最大中期呼气流速(MMEF)等指标。结果 与对照组比较,非哮喘组和哮喘组病儿FVC、FEV1、PEF、FEF25%、FEF50%、FEF75%和MMEF等指标均显著降低(P<0.05),且哮喘组病儿上述指标显著低于非哮喘组[(1.42±0.36)L比(1.85±0.47)L、(1.25±0.32)L比(1.42±0.41)L、(2.68±0.64)L比(3.25±0.77)L/s、(2.54±0.65)L/s比(3.74±0.68)L/s、(1.58±0.36)L/s比(2.24±0.71)L/s、(0.61±0.37)L/s比(1.02±0.41)L/s、(1.42±0.49)L/s比(1.89±0.68)L/s)](均P<0.05),而三组病儿FEV1/FVC指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。哮喘急性发作期不同程度病儿用力呼出25%肺活量的呼气流量占预计值百分比(FEF25pred%)、用力呼出50%肺活量的呼气流量占预计值百分比(FEF50pred%)、用力呼出75%肺活量的呼气流量占预计值百分比(FEF75pred%)、最大呼气中期流量占预计值的百分比(MMEFpred%)等指标比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且随着病情程度增加,病儿FEF25pred%、FEF50pred%、FEF75pred%、MMEFpred%等指标呈现明显降低趋势(P<0.05),FEF25%和FEF75%指标在不同严重程度哮喘病儿中异常率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),FEF50%和MMEF指标比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),其中FEF25%主要表现为轻度异常,而FEF75%主要表现为重度异常。结论 小气道功能指标在儿童哮喘病情严重程度评估及临床诊断具有重要意义,随着病情加剧,小气道功能指标明显降低,且异常率显著增加。     

Pulmonary functions in workers of fertiliser and chemical industry

The present study was undertaken to assess the pulmonary functions in fertiliser and chemical industry workers of Kerala. Pulmonary function test was performed with Vitalograph Compact-II spirometer. Exposure to different chemicals, noxious gases and particulate matter of fertiliser and chemical industry was injurious to the normal pulmonary function. Significant decline in lung volumes, viz. FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC% (P < 0.01) and flow rates, viz. FEF25-75%, FEF0.2-1.2, FEF25%, FEF50%, FEF75% (P < 0.01) among non-smokers and smokers than that of normal controls was observed. The findings of this study also suggest that with increased duration of exposure to industrial pollutants, lung volumes and flow rates were significantly reduced in workers.     

Effect of advanced uncomplicated pregnancy on pulmonary function parameters of North Indian subjects

The study was conducted on 100 pregnant women in third trimester of uncomplicated pregnancy (Test group) and 100 age-matched non-pregnant women (Control group) in the age group of 25 to 35 years. Pulmonary function test parameters FVC, FEV1, PEFR and FEF25-75% recorded using Medspiror. The FEV1/FVC ratio was calculated. All parameters except FEV1/ FVC ratio were found to decline in the Test group as compared to the Control group. The decrease in FEV1 with pregnancy was not of such amplitude as decrease in FVC, and hence FEV1/FVC ratio was seen to increase. This study validates the physiological changes in pulmonary function brought by pregnancy and highlights the need to compile expected and accepted alterations in predicted values of PFT in comparison with the non gravid states for safer outcome of the pregnancy.     

Chronically inhaled salmeterol improves pulmonary function in heart failure

Inhaled beta-agonists are commonly prescribed for the symptoms of exercise intolerance in heart failure despite a paucity of data regarding their safety and efficacy. This was a prospective, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, placebo-controlled 14-day cross-over study to determine if chronic inhaled salmeterol therapy 84 microg every 12 hours improved pulmonary function without augmentation of neurohormonal systems or ventricular ectopy in 8 symptomatic heart failure subjects with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <40% and FEV1 相似文献   

普通肺炎支原体肺炎患儿肺功能检测的临床意义

目的：探讨儿童普通肺炎支原体肺炎（MPP）急性期及恢复期肺通气功能的变化及其检测意义。方法：选取2014年6月至2015年6月在我院住院的5~14岁普通MPP急性期（发病1周内）患儿74例,行常规肺功能检测,随访至恢复期（发病后第3周）,66例再次行常规肺功能检测;另选取同期健康儿童60例作为对照组。结果：普通MPP急性期各项肺功能指标（FVC、FEV1、PEF、FEF25、FEF50、FEF75、MMEF）与FEV1/FCV较恢复期均下降（P均<0.01）;恢复期FVC、FEV1、PEF基本恢复正常,而FEF25、FEF50、FEF75、MMEF较对照组仍有减低（P均<0.01）;急性期与恢复期FEV1/FVC均保持在正常范围。结论：儿童普通MPP急性期存在限制性、阻塞性通气功能障碍及小气道损害,限制性通气功能障碍相对较轻,小气道损害相对较重,而在恢复期限制性及阻塞性肺通气功能障碍明显改善,但仍有小气道损害,故普通MPP小气道损害时间明显较大气道长。肺通气功能检测可以较为客观地反映肺损害的情况,可以判断病情轻重、评估疗效及判断预后。     

Time course of response to ozone exposure in healthy adult females

Ozone exposure causes acute decrements in pulmonary function, increases airway responsiveness, and changes the breathing pattern. We examined these responses in 19 ozone-responsive (DeltaFEV(1) > 5%) young females exposed to both air and 0.35 ppm ozone. The randomized 75-min exposures included two 30-min exercise periods at V(E) approximately 40 L/min. Responses were measured before, during, and after exposure and at 18 and 42 h postexposure. FVC, FEV(1), and FIV(0.5) decreased (p <.01) immediately postexposure by 13.2%, 19.9%, and 20.8%, respectively, and the airway responsiveness was significantly increased. Raw increased (p <.05), while TGV remained essentially unchanged. At 18 h postexposure, the airways were still hyperresponsive and FEV(1) and FIV(0.5) were still 5% below the preexposure levels. There were no residual effects in any of the variables at 42 h postexposure. During exercise in ozone the tidal volume was decreased (-14%) and respiratory frequency increased (+15%). The changes in airway responsiveness were not related to changes in spirometric measurements. We found no significant differences between postair and postozone mouth occlusion pressure (Pm(0.1)) and the hypercapnic response to CO(2) rebreathing. We conclude that ozone induced typical acute changes in airway responsiveness and that ventilatory (exercise), spirometric (inspiratory and expiratory), and plethysmographic pulmonary function may show some residual effects for up to 18 h after exposure. The ozone-induced alteration in breathing pattern during exercise does not appear to be related to a change in ventilatory drive.     

Acute pulmonary function response to ozone in young adults as a function of body mass index

Recent studies have shown enhanced responsiveness to ozone in obese mice. Adiposity has not been examined as a possible modulator of ozone response in humans. We therefore examined the relationship between body mass index and the acute spirometric response to ozone (O(3)) exposure among 197 nonasthmatic young adults (aged 18-35 yr) studied in our human exposure facility from 1992 to 1998. Each subject had been exposed to 0.42 ppm O(3) for 1.5 h with intermittent exercise designed to produce a minute ventilation of 20 L/min/m(2) body surface area (BSA). Spirometry (pulmonary function) was measured pre- and immediately postexposure to determine acute ozone-induced changes. The decrement in forced expiratory volume in 1s (Delta FEV1) as percent of baseline was significantly correlated with BMI, r = -0.16, p = .03, with a slightly stronger correlation in women (n = 75), r = -0.22, p = .05, and no significant correlation in men. BMI had a greater range in women than in men in our study. In women greater ozone-induced decrements were seen in overweight (BMI > 25 kg/m(2)) than in normal weight (BMI 18.5 to 25 kg/m(2)), and in normal weight than in underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m(2)) for all spirometric variables considered (p trend 相似文献   

TIME COURSE OF RESPONSE TO OZONE EXPOSURE IN HEALTHY ADULT FEMALES

Ozone exposure causes acute decrements in pulmonary function, increases airway responsiveness, and changes the breathing pattern. We examined these responses in 19 ozone-responsive (D FEV1 &gt; 5%) young females exposed to both air and 0.35 ppm ozone. The randomized 75-min exposures included two 30-min exercise periods at V E 40 L/min. Responses were measured before, during, and after exposure and at 18 and 42 h postexposure. FVC, FEV1, and FIV0.5 decreased (p &lt; .01) immediately postexposure by 13.2%, 19.9%, and 20.8%, respectively, and the airway responsiveness was significantly increased. Raw increased (p &lt; .05), while TGV remained essentially unchanged. At 18 h postexposure, the airways were still hyperresponsive and FEV1 and FIV0.5 were still 5% below the preexposure levels. There were no residual effects in any of the variables at 42 h postexposure. During exercise in ozone the tidal volume was decreased (-14%) and respiratory frequency increased (+15%). The changes in airway responsiveness were not related to changes in spirometric measurements. We found no significant differences between postair and postozone mouth occlusion pressure (Pm0.1) and the hypercapnic response to CO2 rebreathing. We conclude that ozone induced typical acute changes in airway responsiveness and that ventilatory (exercise), spirometric (inspiratory and expiratory), and plethysmographic pulmonary function may show some residual effects for up to 18 h after exposure. The ozoneinduced alteration in breathing pattern during exercise does not appear to be related to a change in ventilatory drive.     

Acute Pulmonary Function Response to Ozone in Young Adults As a Function of Body Mass Index

Recent studies have shown enhanced responsiveness to ozone in obese mice. Adiposity has not been examined as a possible modulator of ozone response in humans. We therefore examined the relationship between body mass index and the acute spirometric response to ozone (O₃) exposure among 197 nonasthmatic young adults (aged 18–35 yr) studied in our human exposure facility from 1992 to 1998. Each subject had been exposed to 0.42 ppm O₃ for 1.5 h with intermittent exercise designed to produce a minute ventilation of 20 L/min/m² body surface area (BSA). Spirometry (pulmonary function) was measured pre- and immediately postexposure to determine acute ozone-induced changes. The decrement in forced expiratory volume in 1s (ΔFEV1) as percent of baseline was significantly correlated with BMI, r = ?0.16, p = .03, with a slightly stronger correlation in women (n = 75), r = ?0.22, p = .05, and no significant correlation in men. BMI had a greater range in women than in men in our study. In women greater ozone-induced decrements were seen in overweight (BMI > 25 kg/m²) than in normal weight (BMI 18.5 to 25 kg/m²), and in normal weight than in underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m²) for all spirometric variables considered (p trend ≤ .022). Although our population studied was predominantly normal weight, we found that higher body mass index may be a modest risk factor for adverse pulmonary effects associated with ozone exposure, especially for women.     

The effect of tiotropium on the pulmonary diffusing capacity

To our knowledge, there is no data on the effect of tiotropium on pulmonary gas exchange in healthy subjects. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of tiotropium on pulmonary diffusing capacity. Twenty-one healthy volunteers were enrolled for a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Spirometric measurements, including pulmonary-diffusing capacity, were obtained before and after inhalation of drug or placebo. There was a significant decrease in forced vital capacity (FVC) and, consequently, an increase in the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) to FVC ratio after placebo inhalation (p < 0.05), but no changes were found for percent-predicted FVC, FEV1, percent-predicted FEV1, percent-predicted forced expiratory flow (FEF25%-75%), percent-predicted peak expiratory flow (PEF), diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO), single-breath alveolar volume (VA) and DLCO/VA ratio when compared with the baseline. Tiotropium inhalation caused a significant increase in FVC, percent-predicted FEV1, FEV1/FVC and percent-predicted FEF25%-75%, although the decrease in DLCO was insignificant (12.4 +/- 0.9 to 11.4 +/- 0.9). In conclusion, tiotropium does not change the pulmonary-diffusing capacity in healthy volunteers.     

Status of pulmonary function tests in adolescent females of Delhi

Progesterone is known to cause hyperventilation and hypercapnia in the luteal phase of a normal menstrual cycle. Viewing this fact lung functions were measured in 71 girls with a mean age of 14.5 years during their follicular and luteal phase of menstrual cycle. Subjects were grouped into I, II and III depending on the age range. Respiratory functions comprising of FVC, FIVC, TLC, RV/TLC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, FRC, PEFR, FEF 25%, FEF 50%, FEF 75%, PIFR, RAW and KST respectively were performed using Spiro 232 of PK Morgan under standardized laboratory settings. The anthropometric parameters such as height, weight and arm span were also recorded. The majority of pulmonary functions reflect better values in luteal phase as compared with follicular phase however, a statistically significant higher results of FVC, FIVC, FEV1, and TLC were noticed in group I and group III. These observations suggest a possible role in increased level of progesterone in luteal phase on respiratory system.     

半乳糖凝集素 -3、白细胞介素 35、白细胞介素 17在支气管哮喘病儿血清中的水平及与肺功能的相关性

目的探究半乳糖凝集素 -3(Galectin-3)、白细胞介素 35(IL-35)及白细胞介素 17(IL-17)在支气管哮喘病儿血清中的水平及临床意义。方法选取 2021年 8月至 2022年 8月徐州医科大学附属医院诊治的哮喘病儿 77例,分为轻中度哮喘急性发作组( 40例)及哮喘缓解组( 37例)选择同期徐州医科大学附属医院健康体检儿童 26例为对照组。采用酶联免疫法测定血清 Galectin-3、IL-35、IL-17水平。应用,肺功能仪进行肺功能检查,记录第 1秒用力呼气容积 /1 s用力呼气量预计值百分比(FEV1%)、 1s用力呼气量占用力肺活量比值( FEV1/ FVC)、最大呼气 50%瞬间流量( FEF50%),最大呼气 75%瞬间流量(FEF75%)指标。结果轻中度急性发作组 Gal-3、IL-17水平分别为( 50.89±7.90)ng/L、(60.95±8.14)ng/L,明显高于缓解组的(33.93±9.49)ng/L、(42.94±6.67)ng/L及对照组的( 24.8±5.84)ng/L、(35.45±8.68)ng/L,差异有统计学意义( P<0.05)。轻中度急性发作组 IL-35水平为( 101.28±9.44)ng/L明显低于缓解组(125.91±7.79)ng/L及对照组(148.83±8.09)ng/L,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。轻中度急性发作组 FEV1%、FEV1/FVC水平分别为( 67.22±12.11)%、(67.56±12.60)%明显低于缓解组的( 95.4±10.63)%、(95.58±10.95)%和对照组的( 108.21±10.49)%、(108.9±10.03)%,均差异有统计学意义( P<0.05)FEF50%、FEF75%在轻中度急性发作组分别为( 46.22±11.80)%、(38.42±9.94)%,与缓解组的( 50.11±11.53)%、(42.76±12.39)%比,较,差异无统计学意义( P>0.05),与对照组( 91.75±12.43)%、(93.84±12.07)%比较差异有统计学意义( P<0.05)。 Gal-3与 IL-17呈正相关( P<0.05), IL-35与 IL-17呈负相关( P<0.05), Gal-3、IL-17与 FEV1%、FEV1/FVC、FEF50%、FEF75%呈负相关( P<0.05), IL-35与 FEV1%、FEV1/FVC、FEF50%、FEF75%呈正相关( P<0. 05)。结论哮喘病儿 Gal-3表达上调, IL-35表达下调,引起 IL-17促表达增强、表达抑制作用减弱, IL-17水平升高从而导致气道炎症加重,可能是轻中度哮喘急性发作的发病机制之一;亦可能是哮喘缓解期部分病儿小气道炎症持续存在的可能机制之一。 Gal-3、IL-35、IL-17水平测定有助于预测轻中度哮喘急性发作风险及指导调整吸入糖皮质激素(ICS)用药。     

Prediction equation for lung functions in South Indian children

Lung functions including VC, IVC, FVC, FEV0.5, FEV1, PEF, FEF0.2-1.2, FEF25-75%, FEF75-85%, PIF, FMFT, MVV(IND), peak expiratory flow at 25%, 50% and 75% of FVC, peak inspiratory flow at 75%, 50%, 25% and the ratio between different lung volumes were measured with Vitallograph Compact-II spirometer on 109 South Indian school boys in the age group of five to sixteen years. The results show an increase in "lung volumes" and "flow rates" with increase in age, height and weight. FMFT and MVV(IND) also increase with increase in anthropometric measurements. All the lung functions except FEF75-85% and the ratio between different lung volumes show significant positive correlation with age, height and weight. Regression equations were derived for predicting normal lung functions for healthy South Indian boys. Lung volumes and flow rates were lower than North Indian and foreign boys. The decrease in lung functions in South Indian boys were due to their sea level dwelling, dietary habits and comparatively lower anthropometric measurements.     

重叠综合征夜间低氧与肺功能相关性的临床研究

目的观察重叠综合征患者夜间呼吸紊乱、低氧情况及肺功能的改变,探讨重叠综合征的发病机制。方法对42例重叠综合征、30例COPD患者进行PSG监测,并行肺功能检查,记录AHI、Lapnea、LSaO2、SaO2<90%时间及FEV1、FEV1/FVC、FEF50%、FEF25%。结果重叠综合征患者BMI、AHI、Lapnea、SaO2<90%时间较单纯COPD患者明显增加;LSaO2及FEV1、FEV1/FVC、FEF50%、FEF25%较单纯COPD患者明显下降;重叠综合征患者FEV1/FVC、FEF50%、FEF25%与AHI、SaO2<90%时间呈负相关,与LSaO2呈正相关。结论重叠综合征患者较单纯COPD患者夜间低氧明显;夜间低氧原因除了上气道阻力增加外,COPD本身引起肺功能不完全可逆性改变也占主要的作用;同时睡眠呼吸紊乱亦可加重肺功能损害。     

Longitudinal study of lung function development in a cohort of Indian medical students: interaction of respiratory allergy and smoking

This study was done to identify some factors that affect the growth and development of lung function during adolescence and early adulthood. Forced expiratory spirograms and peak expiratory flow rates were obtained in a cohort of normal young men (n = 63) over a period of 4 years, at intervals of approximately 2 years. Two factors that disturbed the normal pattern of lung function development in this group were smoking and respiratory allergy. Among the smokers and the allergics the decline in the forced expiratory volume expressed as a percentage of the forced vital capacity (FEV1%), the forced expiratory flow in the middle half of the forced vital capacity (FEF25-75%) and the FEF25-75% expressed as a ratio of the forced vital capacity (FEF/FVC) was more than double that among the normal subjects. The number of smokers and of allergics increased during the course of the study from 15 to 19 and from 16 to 23 respectively. There was a significant (P less than .01) interaction between smoking and the manifestation of respiratory allergy. Among nonsmokers, the number of allergic subjects increased from 12 to 13, while among smokers it increased from 4 to 10, during the four years.     

An epidemiological study of pulmonary function tests in geriatric population of central India

We have studied Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs) namely Vital Capacity (VC). Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), and Forced Expiratory Volume in First Second (FEV1). Forced Expiratory Flow(FEF 25-50%) in 1200 elderly subjects above 60 years of age of which 570 were females and 630 males. Mean age was 69.22 +/- 5.57 years in males and 68.77 +/- 5.44 in females. The mean value of ventilatory parameters were as follows-1) VC 2.99 +/- 0.5 lt in males and 1.89 +/- 0.29 lt in females. 2) FVC 2.69 +/- 0.58 lt. in males and 1.76 +/- 0.21 lt in females. 3) FEV1/FVC% 83.82 +/- 10.62% in males and 83.37 +/- 11.93% in females. 4) FEF 25-75% was 2.81 +/- 1.20 lt/sec in males and 2.13 +/- 1.27 lt/sec. Physical as well as ventilatory parameters were less in females than for males. The correlation of age with VC and FEV1 was highly significant (P < 0.01) but with FVC was not significant (P > 0.05). The correlation of height, weight and body surface area was not significant with any ventilatory parameter (P > 0.05). Multiple regression equations for VC, FVC and FEV1 were formulated for males and females taking height and age as variables. The predicted values correlated excellently with observed values.     

沙美特罗/丙酸氟替卡松对哮喘儿童肺功能的改善及临床意义

目的:观察沙美特罗/丙酸氟替卡松对哮喘儿童肺功能改善情况。方法:采用德国Jaeger公司的MasterscreenIOS测定仪,对61例支气管哮喘患儿在沙美特罗/丙酸氟替卡松治疗前后进行通气肺功能(F-V)和脉冲振荡(IOS)检测。观察用力肺活量(FVC)、第一秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、最大呼气流速(PEF)、呼出25%肺活量时最大呼气流量(FEF25)、呼出50%肺活量时最大呼气流量(FEF50)、呼出75%肺活量时最大呼气流量(FEF75);呼吸阻抗(Zrs)、气道总阻力(R5)、中心气道阻力(R20)、响应频率(Fres)。结果:沙美特罗/丙酸氟替卡松治疗后FVC、FEV1、PEF均明显升高(P<0.001),而Zrs、R5、R20、Fres均明显降低(P<0.05),两者检查结果均有显著统计学意义。结论:吸入沙美特罗/丙酸氟替卡松能改善哮喘儿童的肺通气功能,降低气道阻力,是治疗儿童哮喘的理想药物之一。