河北省磁县食管癌高发现场生物样本库建立与管理

肿瘤组织生物样本在肿瘤的研究中扮演着重要的角色[1],生物样本库包括生物样本实体、生物分子及样本相关临床资料等综合资源,对于开展人类疾病预测、诊断、治疗研究具有重要的作用.转化医学的兴起和发展对生物样本资源的迫切需求与日俱增[2-3].在我国已有多家单位建立了不同规模、不同类型和不同管理与应用方式的组织和血液样本资源库[4-8].本文对磁县生物样本库的建设和管理进行介绍.     

上海市长宁区老年人群生物样本库建设

生物样本库是一种集中保存各种人类生物材料,用于疾病的临床治疗和生命科学研究的生物应用系统,是标准化收集、处理、储存和管理人类离体器官、组织、细胞、血液、体液、分泌物、排泄物及其生物大分子衍生物等各种生物样本,以及生物样本捐赠者的临床诊治、随访等信息的机构[1].生物样本库是转化医学、精准医学的重要研究基础之一,在疾病风...     

生物样本库的设施与环境

正生物样本库融合了生物样本实体、生物分子信息以及样本资料数据的综合资源,对于开展人类疾病预测、诊断、治疗等研究具有不可替代的重要作用~[1],是众多重要科研成果快速产业化、实现转化医学和精准医学的重要保证~[2]。世界范围内已将生物样本库视为发展生物医药核心竞争力的重要战略举措之一~[3],纷纷投入大量资金。要建设好生物样本库,设施和环境是根基、是基础,一定要充分重视。下面就生物样本库的设施和环境进行简单介绍。     

华西生物样本库低温储存系统安全管理

正转化医学和精准医学的快速发展带来了大量的生物样本资源需求,也促进了生物样本库的高速发展~([1-2])。高质量的生物样本是基础和临床研究的重要来源,也是实现转化医学与精准医学的物质基础~([3])。生物样本库建设及管理过程中的规范化、标准化日益受到重视,其中,安全管理是样本库     

基于ISO 20387:2018标准的生物样本库信息管理系统的建设与应用

ISO 20387:2018 标准《生物技术—生物样本保藏—生物样本库通用要求》由国际标准化组织于 2018 年 8 月正式发布,是全球第一个生物样本库专用认可标准,对样本库的建设具有指导和实践作用[1].标准细化了生物样本库质量管理的要求,成为目前最先进、最适用的生物样本库质量标准. 信息管理系统是样本库质量管理体系...     

自动化在生物样本库中的应用现状

<正>为了将基础医学研究的成果充分应用到临床疾病诊治中,近年来,转化医学和精准医学的概念逐渐兴起,作为有望成为跨越这个鸿沟的桥梁,生物样本库如雨后春笋般地出现在全国各地,科研工作者也把目光投向生物样本库的标准化建设以及随之而来的价值发掘上~([1])。然而,生物样本库普遍存在样本数量少、样本数据不完整、质量不达标等现象,严重地影响了相关研究结果的可靠性~([2-3])。因此,高效地获     

医疗卫生机构生物样本库通用样本采集知情同意书示范范本

正人类生物样本库是集成基础研究与临床应用的重要技术载体,是我国生物医药领域重要的战略资源和组成部分,也是推动我国生物医药创新发展的关键性、基础性、系统性"大工程"。人类生物样本库的建设也不可避免地面临复杂的法律和伦理问题。《人类遗传资源管理条例》(以下简称:遗传资源条例)颁布后,对生物样本库提出了更高的合规要求。特别是该条     

生物样本库的临床信息整合探讨

<正>转化医学是近年来国际医学健康领域日渐崛起的一门新兴学科~([1]),倡导以患者为中心,强调基础研究人员与临床医生的密切合作,以提高医疗总体水平。来源于医院患者的生物样本库是开展转化医学研究的重要基础~([2]),其中生物样本的临床信息作为临床生物样本库的重要组成部分,更是为转化医学研究提供主要支撑。然而临床生物样本数据量庞大且非结构化,分布较为分散,如何从海量的临床数据中提取出可用信息,并与生物样本本身信息进行关联,形成临床数     

人工智能在医学影像诊断中的应用研究

随着计算机技术、电子工程学以及统计学等学科的发展,人工智能(AI)在医学领域取得突破性进展,诊疗智能化成为重要发展趋势[1-3]。结合医学应用需求和AI功能来定义,即智能机器执行与人类智能有关的活动,如判断、推理、证明、识别、感知、理解、设计、思考、规划、学习和问题求解等[4]。数据密集是医学研究的一大特点,尤其在影像学、遗传学等领域.     

规范化记录管理体系促进医院型生物样本库的运行效能探讨

人类遗传资源是医院、各研究机构开展科学研究、临床研究不可或缺的基础性资源,2019 年发布的《中华人民共和国人类遗传资源管理条例》[1]提出材料(人类离体器官、组织、细胞、血液、体液、分泌物、排泄物及其生物大分子衍生物等)和信息(生物样本捐赠者的临床诊治、随访、实验研究等资料)均为重要的人类遗传资源,并明确要求资源保藏...     

Topical organization of the projections of neurons of the substantia nigra and the ventral field of the tegmentum of the midbrain to the head of the caudate nucleus of the cat

Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology -     

Asymmetry of the internal connections of the striate cortex of the cat in the projection zone of the center of the field of vision

Studies were carried out on the organization of the internal connections of the striate cortex in cats in the projection zone of the center (0–5°) of the field of vision by microintophoretic application of horseradish peroxidase to electrophysiologically identified orientational columns. The area containing neurons showing retrograde labeling in most cases extended in the mediolateral direction. Labeled cells were located in the upper (II, III) and lower (V, VI) layers of the cortex, and the shapes and orientations of the areas containing labeled neurons in these layers coincided. Spatial asymmetry was detected in the distribution of labeled neurons relative to the orientational column studied. Labeled cells were located predominantly medial to the columns, regardless of the distance from the projection of the area centralis. Considering the visuotopical map of field 17, the asymmetry detected here provides evidence that neurons in orientational columns have more extensive connections with neurons of the peripheral part of the cortex. An asymmetrical distribution of “silent” zones around the receptive fields of neurons in orientational columns is suggested, and that these appear to receive influences from the periphery of the visual field. Laboratory of Visual Physiology and Laboratory of Central Nervous System Morphology, I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Makarov Bank, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia. Translated from Fiziologicheskii Zhurnal imeni I. M. Sechenova, Vol. 82, No. 12, pp. 23–29, December, 1996.     

Effects of the lesion of the postcommissural part of the septum on the behavior of the rat.

The effects of the lesion of the postcommissural part of the septum on behavior of the rat has been studied. Results may be summarized as follows. An increase in the exploratory behavior in the open field which decreases rapidly; a decrease in the number of defecations in this test and a decrease in time leaving a dark environment for exploration. In the shuttle box test, no facilitation of the acquisition, but a permanent and quite significant increase in the intertrial activity has been found. We conclude that the lesions tend to decrease the emotivity of the subjects. An interpretation on the basis of the species -- specific defensive reactions explains the transitory and permanent effects of the lesions on the spontaneous activity.     

Characteristics of the topographic interrelation of the head of the pancreas and the duodenum and pathology of the organs of the pancreatoduodenal area

Seventy pancreatoduodenal complexes of 55 patients with chronic pancreatitis and tumours of this zone and 15 patients died from other diseases are studies histotopographically . The pieces of the pancreatic head tissue in the medial wall of the duodenum were found in 12 cases of the first group and in 4 control cases. The pancreatic tissue consisted either of all elements of this organ or cystically dilated ducts and seemed to infiltrate different layers of the duodenum wall. Three variants of the pancreatic head structure are suggested on the basis of anatomo-topographical interrelationships of the pancreatic head and duodenum. In 12 out of 14 cases chronic pancreatitis and carcinoma of organs of this zone were combined with the variants of the pancreatic head structure, in 2 cases there was a true heterotopy . Pathogenetic significance of these variants for the development of chronic pancreatitis is discussed.     

Effect of the conditions of adaptation of the optic analyzer to the function of the thermoreceptors of the human skin

Summary A discussion is presented of the effect produced by light stimulation applied to the optic analyzer alone on the function of the temperature analyzer. The cutaneous-temperature analyzer was kept on constant illumination and temperature. The light effects from the retinal photoreceptors on the cutaneous thermoceptor system led to reflex changes of the functional rate of the latter. Conditions of the optic analyzer of light adaptation caused reflex adjustment of cold receptors as to heating. Dark adaptation of the eyes changed the functional state of the cold receptors, corresponding to their adjustment to low temperatures.(Presented by Active Member AMN SSSR V. V. Parin) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 57, No. 3, pp. 3–6, March, 1964