非球面人工晶状体术后视功能评估

目的 评估植入人工晶状体前表面非球面修饰的TecnisZ9003(AMO)术后视功能是否优于传统的球面人工晶状体(Acrosof Natural,Alcon).方法 随机选择8例白内障手术患者,1只眼植入Z9003 IOL,另眼植入Acrysof Natural SN6OATIOL.术后1周和1月,行对比敏感度检查、眩光检查和像差仪检查,分别评价术后视功能.结果 两组间平均术前和术后球镜、柱镜度及最佳矫正视力无统计学意义.对比敏感度(明亮光下)术后1周没有明显不同,术后1月植入TecnisZ9003 IOL眼在所有空间分辨率下均优于对侧眼,尤其在3,6cpd下差异有统计学意义.眩光检查两组间没有差别.像差仪检查显示术后1周、1月植入TecnisZ9003IOL眼的球差明显小于对侧眼.结论 临床结果证实白内障术后的球差可以通过植入非球面修饰的人工晶状体所消除.这样可以明显提高对比敏感度和功能视力.     

非球面晶状体与传统球面晶状体植入术后对比敏感度的研究

目的:比较白内障术后早期非球面晶状体与传统球面晶状体植入术后功能视力.方法:白内障患者共50例,随机分成两组,一组患者植入以Acrysof IQ(Alcon)为代表的非球面晶状体,共23例 23眼;一组植入以AR40e(AMO)为代表的传统球面晶状体,共27例27眼.于术后1mo用CSV-1000E对比敏感度测试仪(由VECTOR VISION 公司提供)进行对比敏感度测定.结果:以Acrysof IQ (Alcon)为代表的非球面晶状体在6.12.18cpd时较以AR40e(AMO)为代表的传统球面晶状体能显著的提高患者对比敏感度.结论:以Acrysof IQ(Alcon)为代表的非球面晶状体可提高患者的功能视力     

非球面人工晶状体植入术后对比敏感度观察

目的:评价白内障超声乳化吸除联合非球面人工晶状体(intraocularlens,IOL)植入术后对比敏感度(contrast sensitivity,CS)的变化。方法:对45例(48眼)老年性白内障患者实施超声乳化吸除联合IOL植入术,24例(25眼)植入Z9001非球面IOL(AIOL);21例(23眼)植入AR40e单焦球面IOL(SI-OL)。术后3mo应用美国Stereo Optical公司产的OPTEC 6500P视功能测试系统的对比敏感度测试包分别在空间频率为1.5,3,6,12,18cpd的昼及夜照明条件下对手术眼进行有眩光和无眩光的对比敏感度检查。所得数据进行t检验。结果:术后3mo,AIOL组在大部分空间频率下CS普遍优于SIOL组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),在1.5cpd有眩光昼及夜照明条件,AIOL组的CS与SIOL组无统计学差异。结论:植入Z9001非球面IOL后,提高了患者的对比敏感度,明显改善患者的视觉质量.     

黄色非球面人工晶状体植入术后视觉质量的临床分析

目的 观察老年性白内障患者植入黄色非球面人工晶状体AcrySof IQ术后对比敏感度和眩光敏感度.方法 前瞻性临床对照研究.56例(56只眼)老年性白内障患者,随机分为三组,分别植入非球面人工晶状体AerySof IQ(SN60wF)及球面人工晶状体Acrysof Natural(SN60AT)、Acrysof (SA60AT).术后2月行最佳矫正视力、像差及对比敏感度检查.结果 三组患者术后最佳矫正视力≥20/30.IQ组与球面晶状体组比较,球差均显著性减少(P<0.05),高阶像差及彗差无统计学意义(P0.05).在非眩光状态下,低频时IQ组的对比敏感度(10g值)显著高于球面晶状体组(P<0.05),中频2.5deg时IQ组的对比敏感度显著高于SA60AT组(P<0.05).在眩光状态下,低频时IQ组的对比敏感度也显著高于球面晶状体组(SN60AT组:P<0.01,SA60AT组:6.3degrees P<0.01,4.0degrees P<0.05).结论 非球面人工晶状体可以减少球面像差,提高低频尤其是眩光状态下的对比敏感度从而获得更好的视觉质量.滤蓝光晶状体与普通晶状体比较对比敏感度差异无统计学意义,不能明显改善视功能.     

非球面人工晶状体植入术后视觉质量对比分析

目的:评价3种非球面人工晶状体(AcrySof SN60WF、TecnisZ9001和KS-3Ai)植入术后的视觉质量。方法:采用前瞻性随机对照研究方法,收集我院老年性白内障手术患者88例126眼,平均年龄67.3±8.7岁,将入选患者按植入不同的人工晶状体(Intraocular lens,IOL)随机分为4组:AcrySofSN60WF(IQ)组(23例33眼)、TecnisZ9001组(23例33眼)、KS-3Ai组(20例29眼),SN60AT球面人工晶状体组为对照组(22例31眼)。术后随访3mo,观察指标:裸眼视力(uncorrected visual acuity,UCVA)及最佳矫正视力(best corrected visual acuity,BCVA),眼压,等效球镜度数,角膜Q值,瞳孔直径,6mm全眼球总高阶像差及四阶球差均方根值(root mean square,RMS),夜光、昼光及夜眩光3种视觉条件下的对比敏感度(contrast sensitivity,CS)。结果:术后各组的UCVA、BCVA、等效球镜度数和瞳孔直径均无统计学差异。总高阶像差和四阶球差RMS:非球面组低于球面组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);非球面组间比较无统计学差异。术后角膜Q值与球差成正相关(r=0.183,P<0.05)。术后对比敏感度:与球面IOL相比,IQ,Tecnis可提高术后3种视觉条件下的CS,KS-3Ai可提高术后夜光、夜眩光两种视觉条件下的CS;非球面IOL组间比较,IQ组在昼光、夜眩光视觉条件下的CS好于Tecnis组和KS-3Ai组,TECNIS组和KS-3Ai组之间在3种视觉条件下均无统计学差异。结论:3种非球面IOL均可有效地减少术眼的总高阶像差和四阶球差。3种非球面IOL均可以提高术眼术后的CS,IQ组在昼光、夜眩光视觉条件下的CS与Tecnis组和KS-3Ai组相比较差异具有统计学意义,Tecnis组和KS-3Ai组之间在3种视觉条件下的CS均无统计学差异。     

黄色非球面人工晶状体植入术后视觉质量的临床分析

目的 观察老年性白内障患者植入黄色非球面人工晶状体AcrySof IQ术后对比敏感度和眩光敏感度.方法 前瞻性临床对照研究.56例(56只眼)老年性白内障患者,随机分为三组,分别植入非球面人工晶状体AerySof IQ(SN60wF)及球面人工晶状体Acrysof Natural(SN60AT)、Acrysof (SA60AT).术后2月行最佳矫正视力、像差及对比敏感度检查.结果 三组患者术后最佳矫正视力≥20/30.IQ组与球面晶状体组比较,球差均显著性减少(P<0.05),高阶像差及彗差无统计学意义(P0.05).在非眩光状态下,低频时IQ组的对比敏感度(10g值)显著高于球面晶状体组(P<0.05),中频2.5deg时IQ组的对比敏感度显著高于SA60AT组(P<0.05).在眩光状态下,低频时IQ组的对比敏感度也显著高于球面晶状体组(SN60AT组:P<0.01,SA60AT组:6.3degrees P<0.01,4.0degrees P<0.05).结论 非球面人工晶状体可以减少球面像差,提高低频尤其是眩光状态下的对比敏感度从而获得更好的视觉质量.滤蓝光晶状体与普通晶状体比较对比敏感度差异无统计学意义,不能明显改善视功能.     

黄色非球面人工晶状体植入术后视觉质量的临床分析

目的 观察老年性白内障患者植入黄色非球面人工晶状体AcrySof IQ术后对比敏感度和眩光敏感度.方法 前瞻性临床对照研究.56例(56只眼)老年性白内障患者,随机分为三组,分别植入非球面人工晶状体AerySof IQ(SN60wF)及球面人工晶状体Acrysof Natural(SN60AT)、Acrysof (SA60AT).术后2月行最佳矫正视力、像差及对比敏感度检查.结果 三组患者术后最佳矫正视力≥20/30.IQ组与球面晶状体组比较,球差均显著性减少(P<0.05),高阶像差及彗差无统计学意义(P0.05).在非眩光状态下,低频时IQ组的对比敏感度(10g值)显著高于球面晶状体组(P<0.05),中频2.5deg时IQ组的对比敏感度显著高于SA60AT组(P<0.05).在眩光状态下,低频时IQ组的对比敏感度也显著高于球面晶状体组(SN60AT组:P<0.01,SA60AT组:6.3degrees P<0.01,4.0degrees P<0.05).结论 非球面人工晶状体可以减少球面像差,提高低频尤其是眩光状态下的对比敏感度从而获得更好的视觉质量.滤蓝光晶状体与普通晶状体比较对比敏感度差异无统计学意义,不能明显改善视功能.     

黄色非球面人工晶状体植入术后视觉质量的临床分析

目的 观察老年性白内障患者植入黄色非球面人工晶状体AcrySof IQ术后对比敏感度和眩光敏感度.方法 前瞻性临床对照研究.56例(56只眼)老年性白内障患者,随机分为三组,分别植入非球面人工晶状体AerySof IQ(SN60wF)及球面人工晶状体Acrysof Natural(SN60AT)、Acrysof (SA60AT).术后2月行最佳矫正视力、像差及对比敏感度检查.结果 三组患者术后最佳矫正视力≥20/30.IQ组与球面晶状体组比较,球差均显著性减少(P<0.05),高阶像差及彗差无统计学意义(P0.05).在非眩光状态下,低频时IQ组的对比敏感度(10g值)显著高于球面晶状体组(P<0.05),中频2.5deg时IQ组的对比敏感度显著高于SA60AT组(P<0.05).在眩光状态下,低频时IQ组的对比敏感度也显著高于球面晶状体组(SN60AT组:P<0.01,SA60AT组:6.3degrees P<0.01,4.0degrees P<0.05).结论 非球面人工晶状体可以减少球面像差,提高低频尤其是眩光状态下的对比敏感度从而获得更好的视觉质量.滤蓝光晶状体与普通晶状体比较对比敏感度差异无统计学意义,不能明显改善视功能.     

黄色非球面人工晶状体植入术后视觉质量的临床分析

目的 观察老年性白内障患者植入黄色非球面人工晶状体AcrySof IQ术后对比敏感度和眩光敏感度.方法 前瞻性临床对照研究.56例(56只眼)老年性白内障患者,随机分为三组,分别植入非球面人工晶状体AerySof IQ(SN60wF)及球面人工晶状体Acrysof Natural(SN60AT)、Acrysof (SA60AT).术后2月行最佳矫正视力、像差及对比敏感度检查.结果 三组患者术后最佳矫正视力≥20/30.IQ组与球面晶状体组比较,球差均显著性减少(P<0.05),高阶像差及彗差无统计学意义(P0.05).在非眩光状态下,低频时IQ组的对比敏感度(10g值)显著高于球面晶状体组(P<0.05),中频2.5deg时IQ组的对比敏感度显著高于SA60AT组(P<0.05).在眩光状态下,低频时IQ组的对比敏感度也显著高于球面晶状体组(SN60AT组:P<0.01,SA60AT组:6.3degrees P<0.01,4.0degrees P<0.05).结论 非球面人工晶状体可以减少球面像差,提高低频尤其是眩光状态下的对比敏感度从而获得更好的视觉质量.滤蓝光晶状体与普通晶状体比较对比敏感度差异无统计学意义,不能明显改善视功能.     

黄色非球面人工晶状体植入术后视觉质量的临床分析

目的 观察老年性白内障患者植入黄色非球面人工晶状体AcrySof IQ术后对比敏感度和眩光敏感度.方法 前瞻性临床对照研究.56例(56只眼)老年性白内障患者,随机分为三组,分别植入非球面人工晶状体AerySof IQ(SN60wF)及球面人工晶状体Acrysof Natural(SN60AT)、Acrysof (SA60AT).术后2月行最佳矫正视力、像差及对比敏感度检查.结果 三组患者术后最佳矫正视力≥20/30.IQ组与球面晶状体组比较,球差均显著性减少(P<0.05),高阶像差及彗差无统计学意义(P0.05).在非眩光状态下,低频时IQ组的对比敏感度(10g值)显著高于球面晶状体组(P<0.05),中频2.5deg时IQ组的对比敏感度显著高于SA60AT组(P<0.05).在眩光状态下,低频时IQ组的对比敏感度也显著高于球面晶状体组(SN60AT组:P<0.01,SA60AT组:6.3degrees P<0.01,4.0degrees P<0.05).结论 非球面人工晶状体可以减少球面像差,提高低频尤其是眩光状态下的对比敏感度从而获得更好的视觉质量.滤蓝光晶状体与普通晶状体比较对比敏感度差异无统计学意义,不能明显改善视功能.     

Strabisme Alternant - Etude clinique - traitement

The author defines motor and sensory alternation: the term alternation should not be used in isolation, it should always be accompanied by the name of the parameter concerned. Sensory alternation is always found together with motor alternation but the reverse is not true.The examining criteria for a diagnosis of sensory alternation are given, sensory alternation must not be confused with alternating inhibition. Working from clinical observations of cases of motor alternating strabismus, the author selects 2 types of binocular sensory relations which allow one to differentiate between:- cases of primary alternating strabismus- cases of secondary alternating strabismusThese forms will develop in different ways; in both cases a cure is possible providing that the right treatment is prescribed and once prescribed carefully followed, etc. It is always a case of serious forms of strabismus whose developmental period is spread over several years.According to the authors, the frequency of cases of true primary strabismus is from 1–3%, the frequency of cases of secondary alternating strabismus varies according to the type of therapy practised on cases of monocular strabismus with amblyopia. These latter will become cases of alternating strabismus under the influence of certain types of therapy carried out over several years (penalization, rocking, alternated occlusion, etc...).Experimental data on kittens confirm clinical data; kittens placed in abnormal environments during the sensitive period will show modification in the distribution of cortical cells and the absence of binocular cells (either because the excitation of the two eyes was not simultaneous, or not identical: artificial strabismus, occlusion, opaque glasses). This disturbances become irreversible after a certain period of exposure (a function of age, length of exposure, etc...).It is thus necessary to bear in mind: 1) the iatrogenic risks of certain orthoptic treatments, 2) the necessity for a binocular form of treatment as soon as possible, as once a certain stage is passed, cortical plasticity diminishes and the elaboration of normal binocular relations becomes impossible.

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Effects of Adenosine Agonists on Intraocular Pressure and Aqueous Humor Dynamics in Cynomolgus Monkeys

The effects of single or multiple topical doses of the relatively selective A₁adenosine receptor agonists (R)-phenylisopropyladenosine (R-PIA) and N⁶-cyclohexyladenosine (CHA) on intraocular pressure (IOP), aqueous humor flow (AHF) and outflow facility were investigated in ocular normotensive cynomolgus monkeys. IOP and AHF were determined, under ketamine anesthesia, by Goldmann applanation tonometry and fluorophotometry, respectively. Total outflow facility was determined by anterior chamber perfusion under pentobarbital anesthesia. A single unilateral topical application of R-PIA (20–250 μg) or CHA (20–500 μg) produced ocular hypertension (maximum rise=4.9 or 3.5 mmHg) within 30 min, followed by ocular hypotension (maximum fall=2.1 or 3.6 mmHg) from 2–6 hr. The relatively selective adenosine A₂antagonist 3,7-dimethyl-1-propargylxanthine (DMPX, 320 μg) inhibited the early hypertension, without influencing the hypotension. Neither 100 μg R-PIA nor 500 μg CHA clearly altered AHF. Total outflow facility was increased by 71% 3 hr after 100 μg R-PIA. In conclusion, the early ocular hypertension produced by topical adenosine agonists in cynomolgus monkeys is associated with the activation of adenosine A₂receptors, while the subsequent hypotension appears to be mediated by adenosine A₁receptors and results primarily from increased outflow facility.