CAD/CAM系统中牙颌数据库的建立

目的：建立CAD／CAM系统中标准牙冠及牙列的三维数据库。方法：利用探针式扫描仪扫描全牙列28颗标准牙冠模型,处理数据,重建各牙冠的三维图形,并结合国人牙冠平均值进行校正。结果：扫描仪所测数据处理、校正后,重建了国人28颗标准牙冠的数据库以及标准牙尖交错He全牙列。结论：单个标准牙牙冠以及标准牙尖交错He全牙列数据精确可靠,为CAD／CAM系统的开发打下基础。     

口腔修复 CAD/CAM系统中的虚拟牙合架

随着数字化技术在口腔临床的广泛应用,虚拟(牙合)架已经成为口腔修复 CAD／CAM系统中的一个重要工具。本文从虚拟(牙合)架的分类、特点和设置3个方面对其进行了全面介绍,并结合临床实际和国内现有商用虚拟(牙合)架产品进行了点评。     

CAD/CAM系统中单冠设计的研究

目的 探索口腔固定修复计算机辅助设计／计算机辅助制作-CAD／CAM（ComputerAidedDesin／ComputerAided Manufacture）系境的单冠设计路线，为研制我国具有自主知识产权的固定修复CAD／CAM系境奠定基础。方法 通过机械式扫描仪获取已进行完牙体预备需进行单冠修复的模型、对颌模型及正中（牙合）的咬合模型的数据，在I—DEAS软件中通过一系列的调整得到适于该个体的单冠的数据，从而得到单冠的设计路线，并以IGES格式存储所得数据。以备后续的数控加工程序进行加工。结果 得到了单冠的计算机辅助设计的设计路线。结论 单冠的计算机辅助设计路线是可行的，具有一定的理论与实战意义，为口腔固定修复CAD/CAM系统的进一步开发打下基础。     

Panorama of dental CAD/CAM restorative systems

In the past two decades, exciting new developments in dental materials and computer technology have led to the success of contemporary dental computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacture (CAD/CAM) technology. Several highly sophisticated in-office and laboratory CAD/CAM systems have been introduced or are under development. This article provides an overview of the development of various CAD/CAM systems. Operational components, methodologies, and restorative materials used with common CAD/CAM systems are discussed. Research data and clinical studies are presented to substantiate the clinical performance of these systems.     

渗透玻璃对牙科CAD/CAM用氧化铝玻璃复合体颜色的影响

目的:测定牙科CAD/CAM用氧化铝玻璃复合体系统的颜色,为临床应用奠定基础。方法:选用自行研制的CAD/CAM氧化铝玻璃复合体的AG1、AG2、AG3、AG4色系及VitaIn CeramAL1、AL2、AL3、AL4色系的渗透玻璃粉,对牙科CAD/CAM用氧化铝块进行渗透,制作 10mm×10mm,厚度分别为 0. 5、1、1. 5mm的颜色测量试样,采用分光测色计对颜色进行测定。结果:以 1mm厚度样本为标准,VitaIn CeramAlumina范围为L*: 69. 39~78. 41,a*: 1. 82~4. 02,b*: 18. 35 ~24. 42;CAD/CAM用氧化铝玻璃复合体系统的颜色范围为L*: 68. 80~78. 44,a*: 1. 32~4. 75,b*: 16. 86~21. 86。不同的是AG3铝瓷的b*值和饱和度较AL3铝瓷低,a*值较高;AG1和AG2铝瓷的b*值和饱和度较AL1和AL2铝瓷偏低。2种体系的可见光谱反射率相近。结论: CAD/CAM氧化铝玻璃复合体色系与VitaIn CeramAlumina材料色系的颜色范围近似,可以满足与表面饰瓷颜色匹配的要求。     

牙科可切削云母微晶玻璃呈色的研究

目的 研制用于牙科计算机辅助设计与辅助制作磨牙冠、可提供多种颜色选择的可切削四硅酸氟云母微晶玻璃。方法 采用正交设计技术，对影响微晶玻璃颜色的基础配方、色料组成及热处理制度进行筛选。结果 从基础配方中选择出影响呈色的2个主要因素：晶核剂F含量、Mg^2 ／K^ 比例；从多种色料中选择出主要色料CeO2；从热处理制度中选择出成核制度：650℃保持1h和晶化制度：1000℃或1050℃保持3h～4h,，结论 所研制的云母微晶玻璃，可提供4～5种牙科颜色，其切削性能良好，完全可以满足计算机辅助设计．辅助制作(CAD／CAM)系统的要求。     

牙科CAD/CAM系统的主要技术构成及研究现状

计算机辅助设计和计算机辅助制作（CAD／CAM）技术，应用于口腔科学已有20年的历史，本文主要从其技术构成、研究现状方面介绍CAD／CAM系统。另外，介绍了目前世界上几种主要的CAD／CAM系统。     

A panorama of dental CAD/CAM restorative systems

In the last 2 decades, exciting new developments in dental materials and computer technology have led to the success of contemporary dental computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology. Several highly sophisticated chairside and laboratory CAD/CAM systems have been introduced or are under development. This article provides an overview of the development of various CAD/CAM systems. Operational components, methodologies, and restorative materials used with common CAD/CAM systems are discussed. Research data and clinical studies are presented to substantiate the clinical performance of these systems.     

椅旁CAD/CAM牙科修复系统的历史与临床应用现状

自1985年Sirona牙科系统问世以来,CEREC椅旁CAD/CAM修复系统逐渐获得牙科医生的认可和青睐。本文回顾了CEREC系统的发展简史,临床应用,治疗方案,用于制作各种修复体的材料以及患者的满意度、接受程度等。CEREC3D系统是目前世界上唯一的椅旁牙科修复系统。患者1次就诊,即可采用100%生物相容性全瓷材料完成嵌体、高嵌体、贴面冠、全冠、3/4冠等各种修复体的制作,其功能和美观程度堪与天然釉质媲美。CEREC3D系统的用户界面及程序设计对熟悉传统制作方式的牙科医生极为有利,多数牙科医生认为,CEREC3D系统优于传统制作方法,因为修复体的设计和制作完全自动化,不受口腔操作范围有限的束缚。CEREC3D系统已被临床证明是当今牙科修复的好助手,已在日常工作中显示出其高效性和有效性。     

可切削复合树脂材料磨损性能的研究

目的：研究可切削复合树脂材料与天然牙釉质磨损性能的匹配情况。方法在微摩擦磨损实验机上,模拟口腔力学和化学环境,以三种新型的可切削复合树脂材料( Upcera 复合树脂、Lava Ultimate、High-Class)为研究对象,天然牙釉质为对磨物。实验前,用激光共聚焦显微镜测试试件表面粗糙度Sa,实验后,激光共聚焦下观察可切削复合树脂试件的磨斑形貌、测量其磨斑面积及对磨物牙釉质的磨斑宽度,扫描电镜下观察试件磨斑的微观形貌。采用单因素方差分析进行统计学分析。结果牙釉质的磨斑面积和磨斑宽度大于其他三种可切削复合树脂材料(P<0.05)。结论与牙釉质相比,三种可切削复合树脂具有更佳的耐磨性及较低的对磨物磨损。     

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计算机辅助设计与制造（CAD／CAM）是将光电子技术、计算机技术与数控机械加工技术集成于一体的一门技术。随着计算机技术的飞速发展，CAD／CAM技术在口腔临床上的应用越来越广泛。目前主要使用的有CEREC系统、EVEREST系统、PROCERA系统、CERCON系统和国产爱尔创系统。本文就各系统的设备结构及应用原理和切削材料做一概述。     

Comparative evaluation of the mechanical properties of CAD/CAM dental blocks

Odontology - This study compares the mechanical properties of commercially available CAD/CAM (Computer-Aided Design/Computer-Aided Manufacturing) millable dental blocks including Vita Enamic, Lava...     

牙科CAD/CAM加工用氧化铝块的研制与性能测试

目的 探讨用预成氧化铝块经牙科ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ（ｃｏｍｐｕｔｅｒ－ａｉｄｅｄ ｄｉｓｉｇｎ／ｃｏｍｐｕｔｅｒ－ａｉｄｅｄ ｍａｎｕｆａｃｈｕｒｎｇ,计算机辅助设计／计算机辅助制造）加工和玻璃渗透技术结合,制作牙科高强度全瓷修复体的新途径。方法 用高纯度、精细氧化铝经等静压成型,低温烧结制作部分烧结的氧化铝块,测试了其力学性能并用扫描电镜分析其显微结构。结果 部分烧结氧化铝块的显微硬度、３点弯曲强度、     

Study on improvement of adaptation for inlay made by dental CAD/CAM CEREC 2 system

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of changes in the tapering angle of inlay casting, adhesive gap and cavosurface margin on the cavity wall adaptability of the inlay made by the dental CAD/CAM CEREC 2 system. Designed inlay castings were fabricated at three different tapering angles: 0, 3, and 6 degrees. Adhesive gap of 0, -50, -100 microns and adhesive gap of 0 micron combined with the adjustment of cavosurface margin at 2 and 4 pixels were also evaluated. The difference between the direct method with powder and the indirect method without powder were compared under all conditions. The gap between the castings and cavity walls were assessed under a telescopic microscope. Internal adaptation of castings was determined to measure the cement thickness on the surfaces sectioned in the central portion of the cavity. It was found that inlays fabricated at 3 or 6 degree taper exhibited less gap at the side wall of the cavity than those without taper. The indirect method without powder also showed less gap when compared with the direct method with powder. Marginal gap and the cement width at the side wall of the cavity were reduced when the adhesive gap was modified to -50 or -100 microns or the cavosurface margin was adjusted at 2 or 4 pixels in the outer margin. The results suggested that the indirect method with the taper of 3 or 6 degrees of inlay casting, or with adjustment of adhesive gap to -50 microns provided the best adaptability between the castings and cavity walls.