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乙型肝炎病毒相关性肾炎(HBV-GN)是指由乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)直接或间接诱发的肾小球肾炎,经血清免疫学及肾活检免疫荧光证实,并除外与肝肾疾病有关、病因明确的其他继发性肾小球肾炎(如狼疮性肾炎)的一种疾病.据统计全球有3.5亿HBV感染者,其中非洲、亚洲和太平洋地区发展中国家的HBV感染率尤其高[1].我国是HBV高流行区,一般人群中HBV的感染率约为60%,慢性HBV的携带率为10%,在原发性肾炎患者中,血清HBV感染标志物阳性率近40%[2].儿童和成人均可发病,男性多于女性,有症状者常表现为肾病综合征(NS)、蛋白尿、肾炎综合征和血尿等.最常见的组织学类型是膜性肾病. 相似文献
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HBV感染呈全球范围广泛流行,慢性HBV感染者约为3.5亿.HBV感染不仅可引起急性肝炎、慢性肝炎、肝硬化、肝细胞癌等,还可引起肾脏损害.据统计,8%~20%乙型肝炎(乙肝)患者有肾脏损害.我国为HBV感染高发区,HBV感染与肾小球肾炎的关系在国内也得到更多重视.1989年10月在北京召开的乙型肝炎病毒相关性肾炎座谈会上,正式将该病命名为"乙型肝炎病毒相关性肾炎( HBV-associated glomerulonephritis,HBV-GN)"[1].但HBV-GN的发病机制至今尚未完全阐明,HBV抗原和抗体形成的循环免疫复合物和原位免疫复合物沉积在肾组织是最早公认的学说.HBV诱发的特异性免疫作用,诸如特异性T淋巴细胞、抗原提呈细胞数目和功能的改变也是关注的焦点.但目前认为,HBV因其泛嗜性而直接感染肾组织细胞,产生病毒的杀细胞效应,也是HBV-GN重要的发病机制之一,同时也是使用核苷类药物的理论基础.本文旨在阐述其直接损伤肾脏细胞的可能机制. 相似文献
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HBV相关性肾炎的抗病毒治疗 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
乙型肝炎病毒相关性肾炎(hepatitis B virus associated glomerulonephritis,HBV-GN)是HBV感染的表现之一.已有多种药物被用于治疗HBV-GN,但迄今为止尚无最佳的治疗方案.抗病毒(包括干扰素和核苷类似物)治疗HBV-GN能有效抑制HBV复制、缓解蛋白尿,且HBeAg的... 相似文献
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<正>现代医学研究证明,在乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染数年后,15%~40%的感染者后期可出现严重的疾病,如肝硬化、肝衰竭和原发性肝癌等,每年有近100万人死于HBV相关性疾病[1]。HBV还会损伤肝外多个脏器,肾脏是最容易受损的靶器官之一。据统计,约3%~5%的慢性HBV感染者可发生肾脏疾病[2]。HBV相关性肾炎(HBV-GN)是一种免疫复合物性肾疾病,由HBⅤ感染所导致,临床症状包括蛋白尿、血尿、肾病综合征等[3]。 相似文献
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正乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染是目前一个严重的全球性公共卫生问题,据世界性卫生组织(WHO)调查报道,现全球70余亿人中约20亿曾有或仍有HBV感染,其中2.4亿人为慢性HBV感染,而每年因HBV感染所致的肝硬化、肝衰竭和原发性肝细胞癌(HCC)去世的患者达65万人。而我国1~59岁的一般人群中约7.18%(1亿余)人乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原 相似文献
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乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染呈全球分布,全世界约20亿人曾感染HBV,慢性HBV感染者约3.5亿.中国是HBV高流行区,慢性HBV携带者约1.2亿,占全世界的1/3.在这部分人群中,部分患者因合并其他疾病而需运用免疫抑制剂或化疗药物,由于其免疫功能状态的改变,可能导致HBV再激活,从而引起肝功能受损甚至发生暴发性肝衰竭而威胁生命. 相似文献
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A total 89 fish and lamprey species has been recorded from Polish freshwater habitats. Twenty-seven of them (30.3%) have not been surveyed for parasitic helminthes. Some of the latter fishes are either rare or not easily accessible. Other live only in specific habitats in scattered localities. An important obstacle for studying parasite faunas of some fishes may be their status on an endangered species. Among the non-surveyed fishes, are those which have been relatively recently introduced to Poland or migrated there on their own. The present paper attempts to review all hitherto not studied helminthologically fish species, their habitats, localities and current protection status. 相似文献
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Results of repair of tetralogy of Fallot 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
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高血压降压治疗目标的再认识 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
华琦 《中华老年心脑血管病杂志》2007,9(12):793-795
根据传统的高血压水平的定义,1993年WHO高血压治疗指南提出血压控制目标为<140/90mm Hg(1mm Hg=0.133kPa),但是并非所有患者都必须将血压降至同一水平,而应根据患者情况进行个体化治疗。Framingham进行的一项长达10~12年的心血管事件研究发现,第5年后,正常上限血压[收缩压(SBP 相似文献
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P. Brar G.Y. Kwon I.I. Egbuna S. Holleran R. Ramakrishnan G. Bhagat P.H.R. Green 《Digestive and liver disease》2007,39(1):26-29
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Both the clinical presentation and the degree of mucosal damage in coeliac disease vary greatly. In view of conflicting information as to whether the mode of presentation correlates with the degree of villous atrophy, we reviewed a large cohort of patients with coeliac disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We correlated mode of presentation (classical, diarrhoea predominant or atypical/silent) with histology of duodenal biopsies and examined their trends over time. RESULTS: The cohort consisted of 499 adults, mean age 44.1 years, 68% females. The majority had silent coeliac disease (56%) and total villous atrophy (65%). There was no correlation of mode of presentation with the degree of villous atrophy (p=0.25). Sixty-eight percent of females and 58% of males had a severe villous atrophy (p=0.052). There was a significant trend over time for a greater proportion of patients presenting as atypical/silent coeliac disease and having partial villous atrophy, though the majority still had total villous atrophy. CONCLUSIONS: Among our patients the degree of villous atrophy in duodenal biopsies did not correlate with the mode of presentation, indicating that factors other than the degree of villous atrophy must account for diarrhoea in coeliac disease. 相似文献