出生队列技术规范 第3部分:成员信息系统

正前言本文件按照GB/T 1.1—2020《标准化工作导则第1部分:标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规定起草。本文件是T/CPMA 015—2020《出生队列技术规范》的第3部分。T/CPMA 015已经发布了以下部分:——第 1 部分:出生队列现场调查;——第 2 部分:出生队列长期随访;——第 3 部分:出生队列成员信息系统。本文件由中华预防医学会归口。本文件起草单位:南京医科大学、     

出生队列技术规范 第2部分:长期随访

正前言本文件按照GB/T 1.1—2020《标准化工作导则第1部分:标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规定起草。本文件是T/CPMA 015—2020《出生队列技术规范》的第2部分。T/CPMA 015已经发布了以下部分:——第 1 部分:出生队列现场调查;——第 2 部分:出生队列长期随访;——第 3 部分:出生队列成员信息系统。本文件由中华预防医学会归口。本文件起草单位:南京医科大学、     

出生队列技术规范 第3部分:成员信息系统(T/CPMA 015.3-2020)

正前言本文件按照GB/T 1.1—2020《标准化工作导则第1部分:标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规定起草。本文件是T/CPMA 015—2020《出生队列技术规范》的第3部分。T/CPMA 015已经发布了以下部分:——第1部分:出生队列现场调查;——第2部分:出生队列长期随访;——第3部分:出生队列成员信息系统。本文件由中华预防医学会归口。本文件起草单位:南京医科大学、北京大学第三医院、山东大学。本文件主要起草人:胡志斌、沈洪兵、乔杰、陈子江、马红霞、赵杨、杜江波、凌秀凤、赵越。     

数字化预防接种门诊基本功能标准（T/CPMA 016—2020）

正前言本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《标准化工作导则第1部分:标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规定起草。本文件由中华预防医学会归口。本文件起草单位:中国疾病预防控制中心、湖北省疾病预防控制中心、山东省疾病预防控制中心、吉林省疾病预防控制中心、天津市疾病预防控制中心、浙江省疾病预防控制中心、安徽省疾病预     

新型冠状病毒样本保藏要求（T/CPMA 019—2020）

正前言本文件按照GB/T 1.1—2020《标准化工作导则第1部分:标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规定起草。本文件由中华预防医学会归口。本文件起草单位:中国疾病预防控制中心、中国疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所、中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病预防控制所、首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院、北京市疾病预防控制中心。     

人呼吸道合胞病毒感染诊断（CT/CPMA 028—2023)

<正>前言本文件按照GB/T 1.1—2020 《标准化工作导则第1部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规定起草。请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。本文件由中华预防医学会提出并归口。本文件起草单位：中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病预防控制所、国家儿童医学中心（北京）/首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院、首都儿科研究所、温州医科大学附属育英儿童医院、     

数字化预防接种门诊基本功能标准(T/CPMA016-2020)

前言 本文件按照GB/T1.1-2020《标准化工作导则第1部分:标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规定起草. 本文件由中华预防医学会归口. 本文件起草单位:中国疾病预防控制中心、湖北省疾病预防控制中心、山东省疾病预防控制中心、吉林省疾病预防控制中心、天津市疾病预防控制中心、浙江省疾病预防控制中心、安徽省疾病预防控制中心、...     

中国女性乳腺癌筛查标准(T/CPMA 014-2020)

前言本文件按照GB/T 1.1-2020《标准化工作导则第1部分:标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规定起草。本文件由国家癌症中心提出。本文件由中华预防医学会归口。本文件起草单位:国家癌症中心、南京医科大学、天津医科大学肿瘤医院、中国医学科学院肿瘤医院深圳医院、兰州大学、中国医科大学、湖南省肿瘤医院、河北医科大学第四医院、河南省肿瘤医院、四川省肿瘤医院。     

预防接种车基本功能标准（T/CPMA 025—2021）

正前言本文件按照GB/T 1.1—2020《标准化工作导则第1部分:标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规定起草。请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。本文件由中华预防医学会归口。本文件起草单位:中国疾病预防控制中心、湖北省疾病预防控制中心、天津市疾病预防控制中心、广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心、河南省疾病预防控制中心、青岛市疾病预防控制中心、青岛海尔生物医疗股份有限公司、深圳市金卫信信息技术有限公司、郑州宇通客车股份有限公司。     

预防接种车基本功能标准(T/CPMA 025-2021)

前言 本文件按照GB/T1.1-2020《标准化工作导则第1部分:标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规定起草. 请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利.本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任. 本文件由中华预防医学会归口. 本文件起草单位:中国疾病预防控制中心、湖北省疾病预防控制中心、天津市疾病预防控制中心、广西壮族自治区疾病预...     

Calcium intake in the elderly: validation of a dietary questionnaire

Epidemiological studies of calcium and osteoporosis have been hampered by the lack of a suitable tool for assessing calcium intake. This report describes a new frequency and amount questionnaire for measuring present and past calcium intake in the elderly. The validity of the questionnaire was tested against two commonly used standards of dietary assessment, five-day duplicate diets and seven-day weighed dietary inventories. The resulting correlation coefficients were, respectively, r = 0.76 and r = 0.69, while that for repeatability was r = 0.84. Furthermore, the questionnaire categorized subjects into thirds of the distribution of intake with almost no gross misclassification. It is suggested that the present findings may be extended to the majority of normal, healthy elderly subjects, implying wide application for the questionnaire in the assessment of calcium intake in the elderly.     

Self-reported health problems among Swedish miners one year after unemployment

Unemployment is considered to be a public health concern sincedeterioration in the health of the unemployed is often anticipated.However, for some groups, such as miners, unemployment mightimprove health due to a cessation of potentially harmful occupationalexposures. This study evaluates the health of 79 miners in oneSwedish iron-ore mine, and 226 age-matched controls from thegeneral population, during one year after the closure of themine. The participants received a questionnaire regarding medicalhistory and subjective symptoms at the beginning of the studyperiod, and after one year. Statistically significant negativeeffects on self-reported health attributable to unemploymentwere not found, although neuropsychiatric symptoms were morecommon among the unemployed miners. The miners reported a statisticallysignificant improvement in grip force (p=0.031). They had asignificantly higher prevalence of symptoms associated withmining related exposures when compared with the population controls;pain in the upper extremities [relative risk (RR)=2.27, 95%confidence interval (Cl)=1.44–3.59), back pain (RR=1.84;Cl=1.237–2.75), vasospastic disease of the fingers (RR=2.05;Cl=1.18–3.57) and obstructive respiratory symptoms (attacksof dyspnea and wheezing: RR=3.67; Cl=1.167–11.6).     

Excès de cas humains et animaux de tularémie en France au cours de l’hiver 2007–2008 : émergence ou phénomène isolé ?

Context

Tularemia is a zoonosis affecting humans and hares in France. We describe the results of surveillance in both species, in 2007 and 2008.

Methods

Human tularemia cases are mandatorily notifiable in France since 2003. In hares, surveillance relies on volunteer hunter associations in all districts of the country. Data from mandatory reports and volunteer surveillance in 2007/2008 were analyzed and compared with previous results.

Results

In 2007/2008, 144 cases were reported in humans and 117 cases in hares. This was a 100% increase compared to previous years. Human cases differed from those of previous years only by the frequency of contact with breeding animals. Human cases without any documented risk exposure were also more frequent.

Conclusion

An increase of tularemia cases occurred in 2007/2008 in both species. Complementary studies are needed to identify the species reservoir in France to understand the causes of this peak of cases.     

Occupational health hazards in mining: an overview

This review article outlines the physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic and psychosocial occupational health hazards of mining and associated metallurgical processes. Mining remains an important industrial sector in many parts of the world and although substantial progress has been made in the control of occupational health hazards, there remains room for further risk reduction. This applies particularly to traumatic injury hazards, ergonomic hazards and noise. Vigilance is also required to ensure exposures to coal dust and crystalline silica remain effectively controlled.     

Manufacture and use of nanomaterials: current status in the UK and global trends

This paper provides an overview of the production and use of nanomaterials (NMs), particularly in the UK. Currently, relatively few companies in the UK are identifiable as NM manufacturers, the main emphasis being the bulk markets in metals and metal oxides, and some niche markets such as carbon nanotubes and quantum dots. NM manufacturing in the UK does not reflect the global emphasis on fullerenes, nanotubes and fibres. Some assumptions have been made about the types of NM that are likely to be imported into the UK, which currently include fullerenes, modified fullerenes and other carbon-based NMs including nanotubes. Many university departments, spin-offs and private companies have developed processes for the manufacture of NMs but may only be producing small quantities for research and development (R&D) purposes. However, some have the potential to scale up to produce large quantities. The nanotechnology industry in the UK has strong R&D backup from universities and related institutions. This review has covered R&D trends at such institutions, and appropriate information has been added to a searchable database. While several companies are including NMs in their products, only a few (e.g. manufacturers of paints, coatings, cosmetics, catalysts, polymer composites) are using nanoparticles (NPs) in any significant quantities. However, this situation is likely to change rapidly. There is a need to collect more information about exposure to NPs in both manufacturing and user scenarios. As the market grows, and as manufacturers switch from the micro- to the nanoscale, the potential for exposure will increase. More research is required to quantify any risks to workers and consumers.     

深圳公立医院管理体制改革制度设计

深圳公立医院管理体制改革实行政事分开、管办分开,在理事会架构下按法定机构模式组建市医管中心,落实公立医院运营管理自主权.作者从当前公立医院管理体制的弊端入手,介绍了深圳市进行公立医院管理体制改革的基本思路及改革方案设计的主要举措,深入剖析了的改革方案的特点,并对改革效果进行了预测.     

Effects of nitrogen dioxide on red blood cells of rats: Changes in components of red cell membranes during in vivo exposure to NO2

Red cell membranes, prepared from red blood cells of rats exposed to 4, 10, or 20 ppm nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) for 1 to 10 days, were examined for evidence of changes in membrane components. Appreciable changes were not found in contents of phospholipid and cholesterol during exposure to 10 ppm NO₂. By contrast, protein content altered with the time of exposure. Moreover, changes in protein composition were observed by employing sodium dodecyl sulfate — polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Twenty-four-hour exposure to NO₂ at the concentration above 10 ppm resulted in a marked increase in the percentage of lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LysoPE) to the total phospholipids. The prolonged exposure to 10 ppm NO₂ gave rise to a further increase in LysoPE, whereas the percentage of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) showed a gradual decrease. A 1-day exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂ also caused an increase in sialic acid content and decreases in those of PE and hexose. In addition to contents of these components the percentage of LysoPE increased 5 days after exposure and the elevated values were maintained up to the end of exposure period. These results demonstrate that red blood cells in circulation exhibit different membrane properties in terms of lipid and carbohydrate composition during 10 days of exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂.     

Investigating clusters in the workplace and beyond

Clusters of disease are common and occur in the workplace and in the general community. They often arouse considerable concern among the population. Investigations have sometimes lead to exciting new knowledge, but in general the investigation of clusters is difficult and often unrewarding, especially for community clusters. In the workplace, investigations are more likely to find associations and even new causes, but still many clusters remain enigmatic. Despite this, there are many reasons for investigating clusters, including allaying community concern and identifying uncontrolled exposures. A structure for investigating clusters in the workplace is suggested.