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1.
目的:探索不同多病共存状态下,中国老年人肥胖状态与死亡的关系。方法:采用2011-2018年中国老年人健康长寿影响因素调查数据,纳入基线≥65岁的老年人为研究对象,利用探索性因子分析探索多病共存模式,分别基于基线疾病数量和多病共存模式定义研究对象的多病共存状态。肥胖状态采用基线BMI和腰围进行定义分组。采用Cox比例风...  相似文献   

2.
目的 分析高血压患者多病共存现状,为高血压防治工作提供借鉴资料。方法 以2019年3月至2020年12月在郑州市某医院高血压科就诊并签约管理的高血压患者作为研究对象,采用自制调查问卷收集高血压合并其他慢性疾病情况,对调查结果进行描述性分析。结果 本研究共纳入3 942例高血压患者,其中男性2 048例,女性1 894例;年龄37~78岁,平均(53.9±6.8)岁;高血压病程1~18年,平均(6.2±1.9)年;高血压分级:血压高值1 172例,1级高血压1 843例,2级高血压832例,3级高血压95例。共有多病共存者1 847例,发生率为46.85%。其中共存1种疾病1 316例,占71.25%,共存2种疾病464例,占25.12%,共存3种及以上疾病67例占3.63%。不同性别、年龄、吸烟、饮酒、体育锻炼、高血压病程、高血压分级的高血压患者多病共存患病率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01),其中男性、70~78岁、吸烟、饮酒、体育锻炼未达标、高血压病程16~18年、3级高血压患者多病共存患病率更高。高血压患者共存疾病中排在前3位的是血脂异常(587例、31.78%)、2型糖尿病(510例、27.61%)、冠心病(432例、23.39%),其次为骨质疏松(384例、20.79%)、慢性阻塞性肺疾病(272例、14.73%)、脑梗死(156例、8.45%)、慢性肾病(113例、6.12%)。结论 高血压多病共存患者比例较高且共存疾病种类较多,常见的共存疾病是血脂异常、2型糖尿病、冠心病等,应针对高血压患者多病共存特点加强防治干预,积极控制血压的同时减少共存疾病的发生,提升高血压患者生活质量。  相似文献   

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摘 要 目的 了解全科医师对多病共存诊疗认知度和需求,为优化社区多病共存诊疗提供参考。方法 2017—2018年对参加全科医师执业能力工作坊的200名全科医师,运用自制问卷进行调查,并用SPSS 16.0软件进行统计分析。结果 回收有效问卷184份,。结果显示65.8%的全科医师听说过多病共存的概念,但不太了解。多病共存患者诊疗中,全科医师认为自身优势最多的为对患者整体情况更熟悉(91.3%),郊区相较于城区全科医师对自身优势认同度更高(P<0.05)。89.7%的全科医师对临床指南指导的需求最多(88.6%),女性较男性全科医师对诊疗支持的需求度更高(P<0.05)。结论 全科医师对多病共存的认知度有待进一步提升,需进一步发挥全科医学学科优势,并加强对全科医师诊疗决策的支持。  相似文献   

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目的 对离休老干部多病共存一体化医疗保健模式的探讨.方法 选择2个干休所70位老干部分为对照组34例和干预组36例,对照组采用既往干休所与医院是相互独立的体系模式,在干休所不能处理的情况下后送医院进行治疗;干预组在对照组模式的基础上增加与干休所合作共建、共享患者信息,建立家庭病房以及帮助培养家庭保健员.结果 通过5年观察,2组在重症天数、入院率、费用支出及满意率比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01).结论 医院—干休所—家庭共同参与的一体化保健模式能够有效的提升老干部的生命生活质量,促进健康长寿,同时也可以减轻国家的经济负担.  相似文献   

5.
目的 探讨整体护理对提高老年多病共存(以下简称:共病)患者护理效果的影响.方法 将468例老年多病共存患者分为干预组和对照组,每组分别为234例.干预组在住院期间实施整体护理,包括心理疏导、健康评估与教育;对照组住院期间实施传统护理.对比两组患者出院时的Barthel指数得分、住院期间不良事件发生率并统计其住院死亡率、治疗依从性和护理满意程度.结果 干预组患者的Barthel指数得分、住院期间不良事件发生率、住院死亡率以及治疗依从性与对照组相比,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预组患者的护理满意度要高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 整体护理对提高老年多病共存患者的日常生活能力效果显著,同时能够降低患者住院期间的不良事件,改善其治疗依从性,提高护理满度度.  相似文献   

6.
目的 调查2010年中国老年居民多种慢性病共存状况。方法 在对样本进行复杂加权后,分析2010年中国慢性病及其危险因素监测调查数据中19525名≥60岁老年居民5种常见慢性病(高血压、糖尿病、慢性阻塞性肺部疾病、哮喘、肿瘤)患病情况,并比较不同特征老年慢性病患者多病共存情况。结果 74.20%的老年居民至少患有1种常见慢性病,患病率女性(75.32%)高于男性(73.01%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.8866,P=0.0087),城市患病率(75.76%)高于农村(72.96%),差异亦有统计学意义(χ2=6.8059,P=0.0091);在14316名老年慢性病患者中,患有1、2、≥3种常见慢性病的比例分别为71.94%、24.27%、3.79%,东部地区、城市居民、年龄越大、文化程度越高,多种慢性病共存情况越严重。结论 在中国老年居民中,慢性病患病率高、多种慢性病共存情况较严重。  相似文献   

7.
目的 调查青海地区65岁以上老年群体高血压多病共存患者治疗现状,旨在为老年高血压多病共存患者的治疗提供参考.方法 将青海地区某社区中530例65岁以上高血压多病共存患者纳为研究对象,调查其多病共存主要组合类型及多重用药率,采用汉化用药生活问卷(LMQ)分析患者用药负担,采用STOPP/START标准检测患者是否存在潜在...  相似文献   

8.
目的 了解台州市≥45岁体检人群常见慢性健康问题及多病共存现状及相关因素。方法 采用横断面研究,收集2021年1月至12月在台州市椒江区某街道卫生服务中心参加体检的≥45岁人群资料,采用χ2检验、t检验、方差分析了解其常见慢性健康问题及危险因素分布现状,利用有序logistic回归分析模型分析多病共存相关因素。结果 共纳入13 020名研究对象,慢性健康问题总体检出率为93.07%,包括高血压(58.22%)、脂肪肝(41.31%)、肾功能异常(34.55%)、心电图异常(31.80%)、血脂异常(23.47%)、肝功能异常(20.60%)、糖尿病(13.45%)、贫血(10.43%),研究对象5种健康危险因素为缺乏锻炼(77.26%)、饮食不均衡(71.27%)、中心性肥胖(55.98%)、吸烟(32.84%)和饮酒(32.28%)。71.87%的研究对象存在多病共存。高血压、脂肪肝、肾功能异常及血脂异常是多病共存主要组分。有序logistic回归分析模型分析结果提示年龄每增长1岁(aOR=1.010, 95%CI:1.006~1.014,P<0.001)...  相似文献   

9.
目的了解社区60岁及以上不同体重指数(bodymass index,BMI)老年人的腹部B超检查情况。方法对符合年龄要求的老年人测量身高、体重,计算BMI,并进行现况调查及腹部B超检查。结果 723例受检老年人中,B超检出异常者375例,占51.9%。肝脏、胆囊及肾脏均呈BMI越大,检出率越高的趋势。脂肪肝、肝囊肿、胆囊炎、胆囊结石、胆囊息肉、肾囊肿检出率均为BMI≥24.0 kg/m2者最高,肾结石检出率呈BMI越小检出率越高的趋势。结论腹部B超检查对老年人常见病的早期诊断和高危患者的筛选具有独特的价值。老年人应加强锻炼,控制体重,定期进行腹部B超检查。  相似文献   

10.
目的 从老年综合征及血清生物标志物方面研究老年多病共存住院患者肺部感染的影响因素。方法 选取2020年11月-2021年9月在云南省第一人民医院老年医学科入住的老年患者246例为研究对象,收集患者一般资料及血清学生物标志物,并采用云南省第一人民医院老年医学科自主研发的“老年综合评估系统软件平台”对患者进行老年综合评估。结果 246例患者中,无肺部感染组171例(69.5%),有肺部感染组75例(30.5%);两组间营养状况、多重用药、失能状况、总蛋白、白蛋白、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白、血钠、血钙、铁蛋白、叶酸、血清25-(OH)D的比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。行二元Logistic回归分析,结果显示:营养不良、多重用药、血清25-(OH)D是肺部感染的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 老年多病共存患者肺部感染的患病率与营养状况、多重用药及25-羟维生素D密切相关。  相似文献   

11.
目的 分析天津市中北镇社区60岁及以上老年人群脑卒中共病现况,为脑卒中防治提供依据。方法 回顾性分析2017年1—12月于天津市中北镇社区卫生服务中心进行体检的60岁及以上人群的数据,分析脑卒中人群共病特点。结果 本研究调查11 574名老年人,脑卒中患病率为4.2%。脑卒中人群共病患病率为94.5%,女性共病患病率(97.1%)高于男性共病患病率(92.7%),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001)。脑卒中人群2种共病患病率最高(34.3%),其共病模式中高血压+肥胖最多(23.2%),男性与女性最常见的共病模式分别是高血压+贫血(24.0%)、高血压+肥胖(23.5%)。2种共病间相关性分析显示,高血压与肥胖、贫血、脂肪肝相关,肥胖与糖尿病、贫血、脂肪肝相关,贫血与糖尿病相关(P均<0.05)。结论 天津市中北镇社区老年脑卒中人群共病患病率高,应重视脑卒中共病的管理,并根据不同性别、年龄对脑卒中共病进行有针对性的干预与防治。  相似文献   

12.
目的 探索中国老年人心血管代谢性共病与握力和步速之间的关系。方法 采用2011-2015年中国健康与退休追踪调查数据,纳入 ≥ 60岁的老年人进行分析。采用广义估计方程分析心血管代谢性共病与握力和步速之间的相关性。结果 共纳入测量握力的研究对象6 357名,测量步速的研究对象6 250名。与未患心血管代谢疾病组相比,患有1种(β=-0.018,95%CI:-0.026~-0.010)、2种(β=-0.029,95%CI:-0.041~-0.018)、≥ 3种(β=-0.050,95%CI:-0.063~-0.037)心血管代谢性疾病的研究对象握力下降的风险增加。心血管代谢性疾病数量(1种:β=-0.052,95%CI:-0.326~0.222;2种:β=-0.083,95%CI:-0.506~0.340; ≥ 3种:β=-0.186,95%CI:-0.730~0.358)与步速的关联无统计学意义。未患心血管代谢性疾病以及患有1种、2种、≥ 3种心血管代谢性疾病的研究对象步速预测值分别为1.98(95%CI:1.38~2.58)、1.93(95%CI:1.34~2.51)、1.89(95%CI:1.18~2.61)和1.79(95%CI:1.10~2.48)m/s,其下降幅度有临床意义。具有较高的握力降低、步速减慢风险的心血管性代谢性疾病组合大多包含糖尿病。结论 心血管代谢性疾病数量和组合与握力降低和步速减慢的风险增加有关。握力和步速可推荐为评估心血管代谢性共病严重程度的测量指标。  相似文献   

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Purpose  To examine the association of psychosocial adaptation status with vision-specific health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and the role of psychosocial adaptation in the linkage between visual impairment and vision-specific HRQOL outcomes among older adults with visual disorders. Design and methods  In this cross-sectional study, older urban adults with visual problems (N = 167) were interviewed using a structured questionnaire to assess their self-reported visual function, general health, psychosocial adaptation status, and vision-specific HRQOL. Performance-based measure of visual function marked by distance visual acuity was clinically conducted by ophthalmologists. Results  It was found in the study that psychosocial adaptation status was significantly associated with vision-specific HRQOL, including the domains of mental health symptoms due to vision and dependency on others due to vision. The results also showed that psychosocial adaptation status could buffer the effect of visual impairment on vision-specific HRQOL, including the domains of social function, mental health, and dependency. Conclusion  Psychosocial adaptation status is significantly associated with multiple domains of vision-specific HRQOL. The findings have significant implications for health education and psychosocial intervention for older adults with age-related vision loss.  相似文献   

16.

Background

Individuals living with a disability or are a member of a certain racial/ethnic group may be at heightened risk for not receiving important vaccinations.

Objective

This study examined whether race/ethnicity and disability status are associated with the receipt of two vaccines (influenza and pneumococcal) among older adults living in Florida.

Methods

Using the 2011–2015 Florida Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, a cross-sectional survey, we ran bivariate and multivariate analyses to determine the associations for race/ethnicity and disability status with receipt of vaccinations among individuals 65 years and older. Interactions between race/ethnicity and disability status were tested in each model.

Results

Among our study sample, 68% received the pneumococcal vaccine in their lifetime and 54% of them received influenza vaccine in the past 12 months. Multivariate logistic regression indicated that Non-Hispanic Blacks and Hispanics were less likely to receive both vaccines compared to Non-Hispanic Whites. Older adults with a disability were more likely to receive influenza and pneumococcal vaccines compared to those without. A significant interaction was observed between race/ethnicity and disability status for predicting pneumococcal vaccination receipt.

Conclusions

Large proportions of older adults in Florida continue to go without needed vaccinations. Although race/ethnicity and disability status were shown to have some association with receipt of vaccines, having a regular source of care, employment and income also were shown to be important predictors.  相似文献   

17.
目的 对农村老年人电子健康素养现状进行调查,分析其影响因素。方法 2019年1 - 3月采用多阶段分层整群抽样抽取河南省郑州市农村抽取符合纳入标准的老年人的患者472例,采用一般资料问卷、电子健康素养量表对患者进行调查。采用单因素分析及多重线性回归分析农村老年人的影响因素。结果 农村老年人电子健康素养总得分为(13.76±7.30)分,单因素方差分析显示:男性(t = 8.940,P<0.001)、60~69岁(t = 29.983,P<0.001)、学历为高中,中专(t = 49.435,P<0.001)、月收入>2 000元(t = 40.342,P<0.001)、已婚(t = 15.309,P<0.001)、其他居住状况(t = 13.169,P = 0.002)、慢性疾病(t = - 5.453,P<0.001)、上网方式(t = 94.633,P = <0.001)、使用网络的频率(t = 66.918,P<0.001)共9个因素对农村老年人电子健康素养得分有影响,多重线性回归分析显示,性别(β = - 2.676)、年龄(β = - 0.910)、婚姻状况(β = - 0.508)、使用网络的频率(β = -2.222)是农村老年人电子健康素养的影响因素。结论 农村老年人电子健康水平素养较低,其影响因素较多,医务人员应该采取有效的辅助干预措施提高患者生活质量。  相似文献   

18.
Minimal data exist regarding the neurotoxicity of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in aging populations and the possible mediating effects of thyroid hormones (THs). Hence, the aims of this study were to: (i) assess associations between PFASs and neuropsychological function, and (ii) determine if such associations are mediated by changes in circulating THs in an aging population. We measured perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), total thyroxine (T4) and free thyroxine (fT4) in serum and performed neuropsychological tests in 126 men and women aged 55–74 years and living in upper Hudson River communities. Multivariable linear regressions were conducted to assess associations between PFASs and neuropsychological test scores. Mediation analyses were performed in a subset of 87 participants for whom information was available on both PFASs and THs. We calculated TH-mediated, non-TH mediated, and total effects of PFASs on neuropsychological test scores. Higher PFOA was associated with better performance in tasks of the California Verbal Learning Test and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. Higher PFOS was associated with improved performance in a Wechsler Memory Scale subtest and Block Design Subtest (BDT) total scores. There was no evidence of mediation by THs for PFOA-neuropsychological function associations. However, T4 and fT4 partially mediated the protective effect of PFOS on BDT total scores. Our findings do not suggest that PFASs are associated with poor neuropsychological function. There was some evidence of mediation for the association between PFASs and neuropsychological functions by THs, although some other modes of action also appear likely.  相似文献   

19.
Socioeconomic differences in health among older adults in Mexico   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
Although the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and health is well-established in Western industrialized countries, few studies have examined this association in developing countries, particularly among older cohorts. We use the Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS), a nationally representative survey of Mexicans age 50 and older, to investigate the linkages between three indicators of SES (education, income, and wealth) and a set of health outcomes and behaviors in more and less urban areas of Mexico. We consider three measures of current health (self-rated health and two measures of physical functioning) and three behavioral indicators (obesity, smoking, and alcohol consumption). In urban areas, we find patterns similar to those in industrialized countries: higher SES individuals are more likely to report better health than their lower SES counterparts, regardless of the SES measure considered. In contrast, we find few significant SES-health associations in less urban areas. The results for health behaviors are generally similar between the two areas of residence. One exception is the education-obesity relationship. Our results suggest that education is a protective factor for obesity in urban areas and a risk factor in less urban areas. Contrary to patterns in the industrialized world, income is associated with higher rates of obesity, smoking, and excessive alcohol consumption. We also evaluate age and sex differences in the SES-health relationship among older Mexicans. The results suggest that further economic development in Mexico may lead to a widening of socioeconomic inequalities in health. The study also provides insight into why socioeconomic gradients in health are weak among Mexican-Americans and underscores the importance of understanding health inequalities in Latin America for research on Hispanic health patterns in the US.  相似文献   

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