福特应激失眠反应测试量表中文版的初步应用

目的:修订福特应激失眠反应测试量表(FIRST),并进行初步应用。方法:通过翻译及文化调试制定FIRST中文版,以431名含不同群体的志愿者(研究组)、121名某部卫生营官兵(对照组)为研究对象,以睡眠状况自评量表(SRSS)为验证关联效度工具,分析FIRST的信度与效度。结果:题目分析显示,FIRST中文版各题目与与总分之间均存在显著相关(P0.01);高、低分组在所有题目上的得分差异均有统计学意义(P0.01)。信度分析显示,FIRST中文版的内部一致性信度系数α为0.87,分半信度系数为0.91,再测信度相关系数为0.82(P0.01)。效度分析显示,FIRST中文版总分在研究组与对照组之间的差异有统计学意义(P0.01);FIRST中文版总分与SRSS总分之间存在显著正相关(r=0.62,P0.01)。探索性和验证性因素分析显示了量表的单维结构。结论:FIRST中文版具有较高的信、效度,可作为应激情境性失眠易感性的筛查工具。     

病人健康问卷抑郁量表(PHQ-9)在社区老年人群中的应用——信度与效度分析

目的检验病人健康问卷抑郁量表(PHQ-9)在老年人中的信度与效度。方法应用PHQ-9对社区622名老年人进行评定,进行同质性信度研究;1周后对随机抽取的61名老人进行再次评定,进行重测信度研究;从622名老人中抽取195名进行定式精神检查(SCID-Ⅰ)抑郁量表评定,进行PHQ-9的效度研究。结果PHQ-9内部一致性系数(Cronbach′α系数)为0.8325,条目间的相关系数为0.233～0.523,各条目与量表总分的相关系数为0.451-0.693。61名老人重测PHQ-9信度系数0.934,PHQ-9的灵敏度为88%,特异度为99%。结论PHQ-9在我国社区老年人群中也具有良好的信度与效度,并且条目简洁,操作方便,易于掌握和节省时间,值得在临床,尤其是基层社区卫生中心推广使用。     

女性性生活质量问卷在精神分裂症患者中的信度和效度

目的探讨女性性生活质量问卷在精神分裂症患者中的信度和效度。方法将3所医院门诊常规就诊并符合入组标准的180名女性精神分裂症患者作为研究人群,给予女性性生活质量问卷、Olson婚姻质量问卷中的婚姻满意度、性生活和夫妻交流分量表进行评估,并对测试结果进行了信度分析和效度分析。结果问卷总的Cronbaehs α系数为0．919,重测信度为0．875（P〈0．01）;验证性因子分析统计检验结果显示该模型的各项重要统计指标均达到了统计学要求;各因子之间的相关在0．181～0．697之间,各因子与总分之间的相关在0．421～0．841之间,均P〈0．01;问卷的总分与ENRICH的三个分量表得分相关在0．388—0．688之间（P〈0．01）,其中总分与性生活分量表相关程度最高。结论女性性生活质量问卷在精神分裂症患者中具有较好的信度和效度。     

自我效能量表的信度及效度研究

目的评价自我效能量表(SES)的信度和效度.方法由专业医生对45例心身科门诊心理咨询者评定SES和症状自评量表(SCL-90),一周后重测SES.对量表的内部一致性、重测信度及平行效度进行分析.结果SES的Cronbach'sα系数为0.7984,重测后各项目的相关系数均在0.672～0.932之间.SES的总分与SCL-90总分间的相关系数为0.454,且半数以上的项目与SCL-90总分呈明显相关.结论SES具有较好的信度和效度.     

社区抑郁状态电话筛查问卷的编制及其信度和结构效度检验(上)

目的 为了提高社区中抑郁症的识别率,初步编制一个适合社区使用的用于电话筛查的抑郁状态问卷.方法 根据理论构想编制问卷的备选条目池,由98名专家和45例抑郁症患者分别对问卷条目进行评价后形成复选条目池,以所得条目评定200例门诊抑郁症患者,采用区分度分析法、极端值的临界比、相关系数法、因子分析法、克朗巴赫系数法5种统计学方法对条目再次筛选,最后编制出问卷并测试153例抑郁症门诊患者,并且在一周后选择其中的30人进行重测.结果 105个备选条目中初步筛选出条目42条,形成包含16个条目的 社区抑郁状态电话筛查问卷.问卷的克朗巴赫系数为0.906,重测总分相关系数是0.723,分半信度系数为0.886,因子分析提取出三个因子(抑郁心境、睡眠障碍及食欲变化),分析显示问卷结构效度较好.结论 本研究编制的社区抑郁状态电话筛查问卷效度具有较好的信度、效度.     

中文版精神疾病愤怒量表的信度和效度 评价

目的 检验中文版精神疾病愤怒量表（PARS）的信度和效度。方法 经原著者同意,汉 化英文版精神疾病愤怒量表,该量表包括41 个条目,利用该量表于2016 年1—12 月在上海市精神卫生 中心对125 例精神疾病患者进行评估,Cronbach''s α 计算内部一致性信度,Guttman Split-Half 计算分半 信度;计算每个条目与总分的Pearson 相关系数,并应用探索性因子分析检测PARS 的结构效度;应用 Pearson 相关分析探讨PARS 与阳性与阴性症状量表（PANSS）的校标关联效度。结果 中文版RARS 的 Cronbach''s α 系数为0.89,Guttman Split-Half 系数为0.88;各条目与总分之间的相关系数在0.19～0.72 （P＜ 0.05）;探索性因子分析共得出9 个因子,解释总方差的67%;PARS 与PANSS 中G14 条目（愤怒控制 缺乏）存在明显相关（r=0.54,P＜ 0.05）。结论 中文版PARS评估精神疾病愤怒症状具有良好的信度和 效度,可用于我国精神疾病患者愤怒的症状研究。     

儿童长处和困难问卷(父母版)上海常模的信度和效度

目的建立长处和困难问卷(SDQ)(父母版)的上海地区常模,并对其进行信度、效度检验。方法对上海市的幼儿园和中小学12所2128名学生进行长处和困难问卷(父母版)的评定,对其中的47名学生间隔六周进行重测。结果对长处和困难问卷(父母版)进行标准化,制定了上海地区常模。信度检验:总问卷Cronbach的α系数为0.784;条目与因子分之间的相关系数在0.321-0.769;间隔6周问卷总分的重测相关系数为0.717,各因子的重测相关系数在0.434-0.787;效度检验:长处和困难问卷(父母版)和Conners父母问卷(PSQ)所有评分相关,其中社会行为呈负相关;异常样本与常模样本各因子分和总分差异显著(t=5.733-12.375,P<0.001)。结论长处和困难问卷(父母版)适合于上海地区儿童青少年的评估。     

四川省绵阳市某农村社区某人群的自测健康状况

目的 了解四川省绵阳市某农村社区人群的身心健康状况,为相关工作提供依据和建议.方法 采用自测健康评定量表(SRHMS),在调查员的现场指导下采用集中填写和入户调查相结合的方式对随机抽取的2023名农村社区居民的健康状况进行测查.结果 不同受教育程度组的农村居民生理健康、心理健康、社会健康评分及量表总评分差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);不同年龄、工作状况组的农村居民生理健康、社会健康评分及量表总评分差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);不同收入组农村居民在心理健康、社会健康评分及量表总评分之间的差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);不同宗教、民族组农村居民的社会健康评分之间的差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);不同性别组农村居民的生理健康评分之间的差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);不同婚姻状况组农村居民的心理健康评分之间的差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 农村女性身心健康状况优于男性,老年人、已婚者、少数民族、低收入者、退休者、低学历者身心健康状况均较差.     

颅脑损伤患者生活质量量表中文版本效度和信度的初步评价

目的 评价颅脑损伤患者生活质量量表(quality of life after traumatic injury,QOLIBRI)中文版本的效度和信度.方法 选取符合纳入标准的20例患者为调查对象,用调查-再调查(test-retest)方法实施调查.通过重测信度和内部一致性Cronbach'sα系数评价其信度;进行SF-36、GOSE、HADS、MMSE量表评分,通过与QOLIBRI量表相关分析考察其效度.结果 量表各亚组的重测信度系数为0.915-0.995,具有稳定的重测信度.各亚组内部一致性系数(Cronbach'sα)为0.505-0.965,内部一致性尚可.QOLIBRI各亚组与SF-36总分显著相关,QOLIBRI(除人际关系领域外)绝大多数亚组与GOSE相关.多数亚组与HADS相关,仅少数条目与MMSE相关.结论 QOLIBRI具有较好的信度和效度.     

精神分裂症认知功能成套测验中文版临床信度及效度的研究

目的 对中文版精神分裂症认知功能成套测验(MCCB)的信度及效度进行临床测试.方法 对122例符合美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版精神分裂症诊断标准的住院患者(患者组)进行MCCB测验,4周后重测,同期接受威斯康星卡片分类测验(WCST)、瑞文推理测验(RAVEN)、色词测验(Stroop)及阳性和阴性症状量表(PANSS)测查;并与122名性别、年龄和文化程度与患者组相匹配的社区正常人(对照组)进行比较.结果 (1)MCCB重测相关系数为0.88,P<0.001;(2)评定者间组内相关系数为0.97,P<0.001;(3)MCCB的A、B版本间的复本相关系数为0.64～0.74,P<0.001;A、B版本间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);(4)患者组各个分测验得分均低于对照组(P<0.001);逻辑回归分析,用MCCB区分精神分裂症患者与正常人,符合率达到84.8%(P<0.001),敏感性83.6%,特异性86.1%;(5)关联效度:MCCB与WCST、RAVEN和Stroop呈显著性相关(r=0.54～0.55),P<0.001;(6)结构效度:验证性因素分析证明中文版MCCB与英文版7个维度结构模型拟合良好;(7)MCCB平均完成时间为(58±10)min,耐受性和操作性达到中等偏上水平.结论 中文版MCCB的重测信度、评定者间信度、同质性信度、复本信度、关联效度、结构效度和效标效度等指标满足心理测量学要求,MCCB作为精神分裂症患者认知功能疗效评估的新标准,值得进一步修订和完善.     

中文版心境障碍问卷在双相Ⅱ型障碍患者中的应用

目的研究中文版心境障碍问卷（MDQ）在双相Ⅱ型障碍患者中的信度、效度等方面的应用效果。方法使用中文版MDQ对56例双相Ⅱ型障碍患者测评,其中22例患者（39．28％）在8～14d重测。结果经相关分析及Kruskal--Wallis检验,双相Ⅱ型障碍患者在接受测评时的心境状态对MDQ得分的影响无显著性意义（P值分别为0．31、0．49）。因子分析显示特征值〉1的因子有4个,特征值分别为2．85、1．82、1．63、1．58,4个因子对总方差的累积贡献率为60．6％。内部因子一致性分析MDQ全量表的Cronbach’s alpha值为0．72。MDQ重测相关系数为0．66,有显著性意义。两次测评中,MDQ中13项条目应答一致率为47．1％～88．2％。患者的MDQ得分范围为0～12分,有27例患者的MDQ得分≥7分（48．21％）。13项条目阳性回答率为23．5％～74．5％。结论中文版MDQ经在双相Ⅱ型患者中初步测试,其信度、效度基本满足心理测量学要求,可在中国患者中应用。     

个人和社会功能量表在抑郁症中的适用性研究

目的 检测个人和社会功能量表(Personal and Social Performance scale,PSP)在抑郁症患者中的信度和效度,了解PSP在抑郁症中的适用性.方法 在全国6个精神卫生中心收集84例门诊抑郁症患者.所有的病例进行PSP、Montgomery- Asberg抑郁量表(Montgomery- Asberg Depression Rating Scale,MADRS)、大体社会功能量表(Global Assessment of Functioning Scale,GAF)评定,分析PSP在抑郁症患者中的内部一致性、与GAF的一致性以及与MADRS的相关性.另外,6例抑郁症病例在首次评定后的1周进行再次评定用以PSP重测一致性的检验.结果 PSP的内部一致性Cronbach α系数为0.760,PSP总分与GAF评分具有良好的正相关(r=0.906,P＜0.01),与MADRS总分呈负相关,具有统计学意义(r=-0.652,P＜0.01),重测一致性的kappa值为0.945(n=6,P=0.01).结论 PSP是一个操作简单、稳定性高的评估工具,可用于抑郁症患者社会功能的评估.量表中d维度(冲动和攻击行为)对整个量表的权重大,在抑郁症患者中与总分相关性欠佳.     

护士使用简易老年焦虑问卷筛查老年广泛性焦虑障碍的信效度

目的评价护士使用中文版简易老年焦虑问卷（Geriatric Anxiety Inventory—Short Form,GAI--SF）用于筛查老年焦虑时的信度和效度。方法某综合医院门诊就诊的老年人97名为研究对象,由护士进行GAI—SF问卷及汉密尔顿焦虑量表（Hamilton Anxiety Scale,HAMA）评定,并且由两名精神科主治医师根据ICD-10广泛性焦虑障碍诊断标准进行诊断性面谈。计算组内相关系数考察评定者抑制性,计算克朗巴赫-α系数评价问卷内部一致性;计算两次测量得分相关系数考评问卷的重测信度,采用主成分分析方法考评问卷结构效度;通过GAI—SF与HAMA的相关分析来考评问卷的效标效度;以临床标准为参考标准,根据ROC曲线下面积（Area Under Curve,AUC）来判断GAI—SF的区分效度以及划定问卷的划界分。结果（1）信度：GAI—SF问卷总分评定者组内相关系数为0．73,表明评定者一致性较好,总克朗巴赫-α系数为0．87,表明问卷内部一致性好。间隔15d两次测量问卷评分相关系数为0．78,说明问巷具有较好的重测信度。（2）效度：主成分分析结果显示,问卷的每个条目都在主因子上有较高的负荷值（0．501～0．670）,说明问卷结构效度良好;GAI—SF与HAMA之间的相关系数为r=0．60,P〈0．05,说明问卷具有较好的校标效度。以临床评估标准为参考在区分焦虑问题时界值分为≥3时灵敏度为70．4％,特异度为75．0％,AUC为0．73。结论GAI—SF中文译本具有较好的信度和效度,能够区分老年广泛性焦虑问题;可使用该问卷筛查社区老年广泛性焦虑障碍。     

Piers—Harris儿童自我意识量表用于河南农村儿童的信、效度检验

目的对Piers—Harris儿童自我意识量表（PHCSS）进行用于河南农村儿童的信、效度检验。方法在河南全省6个市的6个乡镇的中小学校中采样1760人,平均年龄（11．63±1．68）岁,由学生填写量表。同时对55例破坏性行为障碍患几（行为组）和59例焦虑、抑郁障碍患儿（焦抑组）进行该量表测评。结果Cronbach’Sd系数总量表为0．887,各维度为0．711～0．801;重测信度r为0．534～0．739,P〈0．01;内容效度中各项目与其维度分、各维度分与总分r=0．523～0．950,P〈0．01;区分效度中将常模儿童与行为组及焦抑组患儿量表评分进行比较,结果常模组在分量表及量表总分上得分均高,F=27．339～70．004,P〈0．01;该量表不能制定常模分。结论Piers—Harris儿童自我意识量表可用于河南农村儿童自我意识水平的评估,但不可用于筛查、诊断。     

Development, reliability, and validity of a dissociation scale

Dissociation is a lack of the normal integration of thoughts, feelings, and experiences into the stream of consciousness and memory. Dissociation occurs to some degree in normal individuals and is thought to be more prevalent in persons with major mental illnesses. The Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES) has been developed to offer a means of reliably measuring dissociation in normal and clinical populations. Scale items were developed using clinical data and interviews, scales involving memory loss, and consultations with experts in dissociation. Pilot testing was performed to refine the wording and format of the scale. The scale is a 28-item self-report questionnaire. Subjects were asked to make slashes on 100-mm lines to indicate where they fall on a continuum for each question. In addition, demographic information (age, sex, occupation, and level of education) was collected so that the connection between these variables and scale scores could be examined. The mean of all item scores ranges from 0 to 100 and is called the DES score. The scale was administered to between 10 and 39 subjects in each of the following populations: normal adults, late adolescent college students, and persons suffering from alcoholism, agoraphobia, phobic-anxious disorders, posttraumatic stress disorder, schizophrenia, and multiple personality disorder. Reliability testing of the scale showed that the scale had good test-retest and good split-half reliability. Item-scale score correlations were all significant, indicating good internal consistency and construct validity. A Kruskal-Wallis test and post hoc comparisons of the scores of the eight populations provided evidence of the scale's criterion-referenced validity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

中文版剑桥人格解体量表的信度和效度检验

目的 翻译英文版剑桥人格解体量表（CDS）并对中文版CDS进行信、效度检验.方法 对119例健康受试者分别间隔2、3、4周进行CDS测验以计算其重测信度;临床医生按DSM-IV-TR诊断标准对76例门诊患者做出诊断,之后进行CDS测验,计算测验的重测信度、内部一致性、折半信度和效标关联效度、结构效度.结果 中文版CDS重测信度中等（0.651）,内部一致性和分半信度良好（Cronbach＇s α系数为0.938,Guttman折半信度为0.957）,效标关联效度良好（Mann-WhitneyZ值为-6.059,P＜0.001）,项目-总分相关系数从0.321～0.777,均达到显著性,结构效度尚可.结论 中文版CDS具有良好的信、效度,可以很好地评定人格解体症状.     

A Psychometric evaluation of the German version of the 'Health of the Nation Outcome Scales, HoNOS-D': on the feasibility and reliability of clinician-performed measurements of severity in patients with mental disorders

BACKGROUND: The assessment of the severity of a mental illness is a central component in the treatment of patients with mental disorders in both the in- and outpatient settings. In Great Britain, the 'Health of the Nation Outcome Scales, HoNOS' were developed to assess the health and social functioning of patients with mental disorders. AIMS: To examine the psychometric properties, especially the feasibility and reliability, of a German version of the HoNOS (HoNOS-D) and to thus provide international data for the comparison of different mental health services. SAMPLING AND METHODS: The HoNOS was translated into German (HoNOS-D) in an extensive and multilayered consensus procedure. The HoNOS-D was then reviewed within the framework of a pilot study on quality assurance measures implemented by the German statutory health insurance institutes in 11 hospitals. Assessments were made of the psychometric qualities of feasibility and reliability using a representative sample of patients with mental and behavioral disorders. RESULTS: An analysis of the feasibility of the HoNOS-D showed a range of missing values between 1.3 and 4.5% for 11 of the 12 items. An item analysis showed that three items of the HoNOS-D are particularly positively skewed. In most instances, the individual items of the rating scale exhibited only slight correlations to each other. With regard to retest reliability, satisfactory intraclass correlations between 0.80 and 0.91 were seen for 9 of the 12 items. CONCLUSIONS: The authors of the original version of the HoNOS [Wing et al.:Br J Psychiatry 1998;172:11-18] primarily emphasized the feasibility of the instrument and the independence of the individual items and dimensions. The analysis of the missing values showed satisfactory results for feasibility. The intercorrelation matrix of the individual items also exhibited only few correlations >0.30. The retest reliability also proves to be satisfactory for the majority of the items. The narrow distribution of some of the items must be critically discussed in comparison to analyses of results in other countries (e.g. Great Britain) and other settings (e.g. inpatient psychiatric hospitals or outpatient psychotherapy).     

中文版32项轻躁狂症状清单在双相Ⅱ型障碍患者中的应用

目的：研究中文版32项轻躁狂症状清单（32-item hypomania checklist,HCL-32）在双相Ⅱ型障碍患者中应用的效度、信度。方法：对69例双相Ⅱ型障碍患者应用HCL-32进行测评,其中有26例（37.7%）患者在8～14d后重测。结果：经相关分析及Kruskal-Wallis检验,双相Ⅱ型障碍患者在接受测评时的心境状态对HCL-32得分的影响无统计学意义（P分别为0.48、0.23）。因子分析显示前2个因子的特征值较佳,分别为6.19和3.57,前2个因子对总方差的累积贡献率为30.5%。内部一致性信度分析HCL-32全量表Cronbach＇salpha值为0.84,因子Ⅰ和因子Ⅱ分别为0.85和0.66。全量表重测相关系数为0.51（P=0.007）。前后两次测评中,32项条目重测一致率为53.8%～96.2%。患者的HCL-32得分范围为3～26分,HCL-32总分≥14的患者有46例（66.7%）。量表分均值为（15.26±5.91）分。32项条目阳性回答率为7.2%～82.6%。结论：HCL-32中文版在双相Ⅱ型障碍患者中初步试用,其效度、内部一致性信度尚满意,但重测信度偏低。     

The Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire: development, reliability and validity

The Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire (PDSQ) is a self-report scale designed to screen for the most common DSM-IV axis I disorders encountered in outpatient mental health settings. We report the results of four studies of the PDSQ involving more than 2,500 subjects receiving outpatient mental health care. In two studies we examined the understandability of the items on the PDSQ. Items that initially were less well understood were rewritten, and all items of the final version of the scale were understood by more than 90% of the respondents. In the other two studies, the reliability and validity of the PDSQ subscales was examined. A priori criteria were established to guide the revision of subscales. The final version of the questionnaire contains 13 subscales (major depressive disorder [MDD], bulimia, post-traumatic stress disorder [PTSD], panic disorder, agoraphobia, social phobia, generalized anxiety disorder [GAD], obsessive-compulsive disorder [OCD], alcohol abuse/dependence, drug abuse/dependence, somatization, hypochondriasis, and psychosis), each of which achieved good to excellent levels of internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and discriminant, convergent, and concurrent validity.     

The Need of Support and Service Questionnaire (NSSQ): a brief scale to assess needs in clients with long-term mental disabilities

We present the Need of Support and Service Questionnaire (NSSQ), a new instrument developed to provide professionals in psychiatric care and community social services with a tool to assess needs of support and service in mentally disabled clients. The final version of the instrument was designed after comments from professionals in psychiatric care, community social services, and the clients and their relatives. A reliability study (test-retest, n=77), inter-rater (n=69) and a validity study (n=529) were performed. In the validity study, comparisons were done with the Camberwell Assessment of Need (CAN) scale, the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale and the Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale (SOFAS). The test-retest and inter-rater reliability were 0.86 and 0.76, respectively. The percentage of agreement on the individual items ranged from 83.1% to 100.0% (test-retest) and 76.8% to 100.0% (inter-rater reliability). The corresponding kappa coefficients ranged from 0.63 to 1.00 (test-retest) and 0.33 to 1.00 (inter-rater reliability). The comparison between NSSQ and CAN items demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity as well as satisfactory likelihood ratios (LRs). The correlations between GAF and SOFAS scores and the number of needs of support, number of needs of service and the total number of needs of support and service were -0.49, -0.32 and -0.47, and -0.48, -0.26 and -0.45, respectively. All correlations were statistically significant (P<0.01). The results demonstrated that the psychometric characteristics of the NSSQ were satisfactory. Moreover, professionals without any formal training easily used it.