保留双附件的子宫全切术与子宫次全切除术对生殖内分泌的影响

目的：了解不同术式切除子宫对生殖内分泌的影响。方法：对80例45岁以下因子宫肌瘤而手术治疗的患者，随机分为两组，分别行子宫全切术和子宫次全切除术，分别在术前、术后6个月测定FSH、LH、PRL、E2、P、T水平，并在术后6个月进行更年期症状的随访。结果：全子宫切除术FSH、LH升高，E2卞降明显，差异有显著性，更年期症状严重；次全子宫切除术后FSH、LH略升高，E2水平略下降，差异无显著性。结论：子宫全切术较子宫次全切除术对女性生殖内分泌的影响大。     

子宫切除术和子宫肌瘤剜除术对生殖内分泌功能的影响

目的探讨保留双侧卵巢的子宫切除术与子宫肌瘤剜除术术后生殖内分泌功能的变化及临床意义。方法对60例保留双侧卵巢的子宫切除术与子宫肌瘤剜除术患者术前及术后6个月性激素水平及更年期症状进行对比。结果子宫切除术患者FSH、LH较术前明显升高,E2较术前明显下降,出现更年期症状较多;子宫肌瘤剜除术患者FSH、LH、E2较术前无明显改变,更年期症状亦极少出现。结论子宫切除术对生殖内分泌功能有影响,子宫肌瘤剜除术对生殖内分泌功能无明显影响。     

两种次全子宫切除术效果对比

目的 了解两种不同次全子宫切除术对卵巢内分泌改变的影响。方法 对40例45岁以下非绝经期的妇女因妇科良性疾病而手术治疗的患，根据手术方式不同分为传统次全子宫切除术及港式次全子宫切除术，分别在术前、术后3月测定血FSH、LH、E2、P水平，并在术后6个月进行更年期症状的随诊。结果 传统次全子宫切除组FSH、LH升高，E2下降明显，更年期症状出现早；而港式子宫次全切除组术后激素无明显改变，而更年期症状几乎不出现。结论 卵巢功能与卵巢血液供应直接有关。     

宫腔镜子宫内膜电切术对卵巢功能的影响

目的观察宫腔镜下子宫内膜电切术后患者卵巢功能的变化趋势。方法选择因病需行宫腔镜子宫内膜电切术及因子宫良性病变需行子宫全切术保留双侧卵巢的患者各30例,分别于术前、术后6、12个月抽取静脉血检测FSH、LH、E2水平。结果宫腔镜子宫内膜电切术组术后6、12个月FSH、LH、E2水平与术前相比差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;子宫全切术保留双侧卵巢组术后6、12个月FSH、LH、E2水平与术前相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论宫腔镜子宫内膜电切术对近期卵巢功能无明显影响。     

腹腔镜与开腹子宫次全切除术的疗效比较及对卵巢功能的影响

目的探讨腹腔镜子宫次全切除术与开腹子宫次全切除术的疗效比较及对卵巢功能的影响。方法 60例有子宫次全切除术指征的子宫良性病变患者者随机分为腹腔镜组和开腹组各30例,观察比较两组的手术效果及术前术后不同时间两组对卵巢功能近远期的影响。结果腹腔镜组的手术时间、自觉症状缓解时间、伤口愈合时间及术后起床活动时间、术后住院时间均明显短于开腹组(P0.05)。腹腔镜组术后24个月E2、P、INHB较术前比较明显下降,FSH、LH与术前比较均明显升高。开腹组术后6个月、12个月、24个月的E2、P、INHB均较术前明显下降,FSH、LH较术前明显升高。且开腹组术后6个月、12个月E2、P、INHB水平均较腹腔镜组明显下降,而术后6个月、12个月开腹组FSH、LH水平较腹腔镜组明显提高。结论腹腔镜下次全子宫切除术能维持卵巢功能,手术效果明显优于传统开腹组。     

子宫肌瘤患者子宫切除术后卵巢功能的变化

目的观察子宫肌瘤患者行子宫切除术后卵巢功能的变化。方法选择需行子宫切除的子宫肌瘤患者64例,分为全切组与次全切组,分别于术前、术后1个月和6个月测定患者的性激素水平。结果全切组和次全切组的E2水平在术后1个月时低于术前（P〈0.05）,但在术后6个月时则与术前无差异（P〉0.05）。两组患者术后1个月时的FSH、LH水平均分别较术前上升（P〈0.05）,但术后6个月时的FSH、LH与术前水平相近（P〉0.05）。两组的3种性激素浓度在术后1个月和6个月时无差异（P〉0.05）。结论全子宫切除术与次全子宫切除术对卵巢的近期功能无明显影响。     

子宫切除手术对卵巢功能的影响

目的 探讨子宫切除手术对卵巢功能的影响.方法 60例＜46岁的未绝经子宫肌瘤患者根据术式分成2组:子宫次全切除术组(Ⅰ组)及子宫全切除术组(Ⅱ组),分别在术前和术后3,6个月进行随访,测定血清雌二醇(E2)、孕酮(P)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH).结果 Ⅰ组及Ⅱ组的E2水平术后6个月与术前比较差别有统计学意义(P＜0.05),而FSH,LH及P水平差别无统计学意义(P＞0.05).Ⅱ组＞40岁患者E2水平术后6个月与术前比较差别有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 子宫全切除术及子宫次全切除术均可影响卵巢的内分泌功能,尤其对＞40岁患者有明显影响,且半年内即可发生.     

腹腔镜及开腹子宫次全切除术对卵巢功能的影响

目的探讨腹腔镜与开腹子宫次全切除术对卵巢功能近远期功能的影响。方法选择因子宫良性病变保留宫颈而行子宫次全切除患者218例,分为两组:腹腔镜组(122例)和开腹组(96例)。所有患者分别于术前、术后1、3、6、12、24个月,采静脉血测定E2、FSH、LH、P、INHB的水平。结果两组同期比较术后3个月内,E2、P、INHB、FSH、LH水平无差异(P>0.05),术后6～24个月开腹组较腹腔镜组E2、P、INHB水平低,FSH、LH水平高,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论腹腔镜下子宫次全切术对卵巢功能的影响小于传统开腹手术,在无腹腔镜手术禁忌证情况下,应作为首选术式。     

腹腔镜下全子宫切除术加输卵管切除术对围绝经期妇女的影响

目的探讨围绝经期妇女行腹腔镜下全子宫和双侧输卵管切除术对卵巢功能、围绝经期症状的影响。方法将80例子宫良性病患者随机分为两组,观察组40例行腹腔镜下全子宫全切除术加双侧输卵管切除术,对照组40例仅行全子宫切除术。两组均随访12个月,观察两组术前及术后1、3、6、12个月血雌二醇(E2)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)水平及围绝经期症状发生情况。结果两组患者各时间点E2、FSH、LH水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);但两组E2水平随着时间延长而降低(P<0.05);FSH、LH水平随着时间延长而升高(P<0.05)。两组患者术后1、3、6、12个月围绝经期症状发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论围绝经期子宫良性病患者行腹腔镜下全子宫切除术加双侧输卵管切除术或单纯施行全子宫切除术对患者的卵巢功能和围绝经期症状的影响相似。     

保留子宫血管的子宫切除术对卵巢功能影响的研究

目的 探讨保留子宫血管次全子宫切除术对卵巢内分泌功能及血脂水平的影响.方法 将子宫良性病变需行子宫次全切除术75例患者随机分为保留子宫血管次全子宫切除术组(研究组,n=38)和传统次全子宫切除术组(对照组,n=37),比较2组手术时间、术中出血、术后并发症发生率,同时分别于术前,术后3、6个月,术后1、2年抽血查血清性激素水平和检测血脂水平,并进行围绝经期症状临床随访.结果 2组手术时间、术中出血量、术后并发症发生率相比无显著性差异(P>0.05).研究组手术前后血清性激素及血脂水平无显著差异(P>0.05),围绝经期症状几乎不出现;对照组术后FSH明显增高(P<0.05),E2降低(P<0.05),TC、TG、LDL明显升高(P<0.05),围绝经期症状出现较多.结论 保留子宫血管次全子宫切除术对卵巢内分泌功能的影响小于传统次全子宫切除术,该术式不增加手术难度和并发症的发生率.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.