Treatment of Recurrent Breast Cancer Following Breast Conserving Surgery

Patients with isolated ipsilateral breast cancer recurrence face completion mastectomy in the majority of cases. Selected patients may derive good outcomes from repeat breast conservation surgery and indeed repeat irradiation may be employed using one of many different modalities. Tumor biology rather than salvage surgery method is likely to influence outcome. Patients with isolated breast tumor recurrence are treated in the majority of cases with completion mastectomy, when for selected patients there exists little evidence that more radical surgery provides better outcomes in terms of further recurrence and overall survival, than repeated breast conserving surgery. Literature search identifying articles addressing the issue of repeat breast conserving surgery for ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence, and repeat radiotherapy (search terms include: repeat breast conserving surgery, salvage mastectomy, salvage breast conserving surgery, salvage radiotherapy, reirradiation). Thirty‐five articles discussed the outcomes of repeat breast conserving surgery versus salvage mastectomy, methods of repeat breast irradiation, repeat sentinel lymph node biopsy and related factors. Repeat breast conserving surgery may represent a safe and feasible treatment method for isolated ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence.     

早期乳腺癌保乳手术196例回顾性分析

目的：通过与改良根治术比较,探讨乳腺癌保乳手术的临床疗效。方法：回顾性分析广西医科大学第九附属医院自2001年9月—2006年9月早期乳腺癌患者196例,其中实施保乳手术96例,改良根治术100例,并对两者的临床资料进行研究,对比两组的切口长度、术中出血量、手术时间、术后住院天数、美容效果满意率、术后并发症及远期生存率。结果：保乳组切口长度、术后住院天数、手术时间、术中出血量、明显小（少）于改良组（P〈0.01）,美容效果满意率明显高于改良组（P〈0.01）;两组的生存率差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;保乳组术后发生3例皮下积液,改良组发生6例并有4例发生皮瓣坏死。中位随访时间61个月。两组5年的无病生存率分别为94%和96%,局部复发率分别为2%和1%。结论：早期乳腺癌行保乳治疗是安全可靠的,但必须掌握保乳手术指征并保证术后综合治疗。     

乳腺导管原位癌保乳治疗的安全性研究

目的 探讨乳腺导管原位癌(ductal carcinoma in situ,DCIS)施行保乳手术的安全性。方法 回顾性分析经病理证实的119例DCIS患者资料,对手术方式、年龄、肿瘤直径、ER/PR状态、HER-2状态与局部复发、远处转移的关系进行单因素及多因素分析。结果 119例DCIS患者中48例接受保乳手术治疗,71例接受乳房全切治疗。随访7～132个月（中位随访时间35个月）,乳房全切组胸壁复发1例,保乳组无同侧乳房内肿瘤复发病例,差异无统计学意义(P =0.384)。全切组远处转移2例,保乳组远处转移1例,差异亦无统计学意义(P =0.383)。保乳组和全切组3年无病生存率(DFS)分别为100％、94.4％,差异无统计学意义(P =0.225)。单因素分析最示年龄≤40岁是出现远处转移的高危因素(P =0.035),但多因素分析未显示其为独立影响因素(P =0.086)。结论 乳腺DCIS患者实施保乳或乳房全切,其术后局部复发和远处转移的风险无明显差异。     

Malignant Phyllodes Tumor of the Breast: Treatment and Prognosis

Surgery remains the mainstay of the treatment in patients with malignant phyllodes tumor of the breast (MPTB); however, the extent of surgery (breast conserving surgery [BCS] versus mastectomy) and the role of adjuvant radiotherapy have been controversial. We report a single institution's experience with MPTB. We discuss controversial therapeutic aspects of this rare tumor. Seventy patients with MPTB treated primarily with surgery were evaluated. The mean age was 50 years (21–76), and the mean size of the tumor was 6 cm. Thirty‐four (48.6%) patients were treated with total mastectomy, and 36 (51.4%) were treated with BCS (lumpectomy or wide local excision). Microscopic surgical margins were free of tumor in all cases. In 64 (91.4%) patients, margins were ≥1 cm. Remaining 6 (8.6%) patients treated with BCS margins were <1 cm and subsequently radiotherapy was performed. Among 70 patients, 58 (82.9%) had no evidence of disease (NED) after 5 years. The extent of surgery was not significantly related to the 5‐year NED survival rates (82.4% in patients who underwent mastectomy and 83.3% in patients who underwent BCS only or BCS with adjuvant irradiation). The 5‐year NED survival rates in BCS (tumor‐free margin ≥1 cm) and BCS with irradiation (tumor‐free margin <1 cm) groups were identical (83.3%). Our data support the potential use of BCS in patients with MPTB. Mastectomy is indicated only if tumor‐free margins cannot be obtained by BCS. Adjuvant radiotherapy may be considered if tumor‐free margins are <1 cm.     

保留乳房的乳腺癌切除术与改良根治术治疗绝经前乳腺癌患者的效果比较

目的探讨保留乳房的乳腺癌切除术与改良根治术治疗绝经前乳腺癌患者的效果比较。 方法选取2009年10月至2012年10月住院治疗的绝经前乳腺癌患者160例进行前瞻性研究,根据手术术式的不同应用随机数字法分为保乳组(80例)和根治组(80例),其中保乳组采用保留乳房的乳腺癌切除术,根治组采用改良根治术进行治疗。应用SPSS 20.0统计学软件进行统计学处理,术中相关指标及乳腺癌治疗功能评价系统以( ±s)表示,采用独立t检验;生存率、局部复发率及远处转移率采用卡方检验,以P<0.05表示差异具有统计学意义。 结果与根治组相比,保乳组患者的术中出血量显著降低(P<0.05),手术时间和住院时间显著缩短(P<0.05);两组患者的2年生存率均为100%,保乳组患者的5年生存率、5年局部复发率和5年远处转移率分别为80例(100.0%)、3例(3.8%)和1例(1.3%),根治组分别为78例(96.3%)、5例(6.3%)和3例(3.8%),两组相比,差异均无统计学意义(χ²＝3.057, 0.526, 1.026, P>0.05);与根治组相比,保乳组患者的FACT－B和生理状况均显著提高(P<0.05);而两组患者的社会/家庭状况、功能状况、功能状况、情感状况和乳腺癌附加关注相比差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论保留乳房的乳腺癌切除术治疗绝经前乳腺癌患者的临床效果较好,且可显著提高患者的生活质量。     

微创确诊乳腺癌后保乳手术的选择

【摘要】 目的 探讨微创手术（Mammotome）确诊乳腺癌后保乳手术的特点和可行性。方法 对我院2008.4~2012.2期间654例乳腺微创手术后确诊的8例乳腺癌进行总结,探讨其保乳手术的特点。结果 7例完成保乳手术,1例完成保留乳头的根治术。保乳手术者术后均进行了化放疗及内分泌治疗,随访至今均无复发。结论 微创手术确诊的乳腺癌一般为早期乳腺癌,选择保乳手术是可行的。     

Reexcision and perioperative brachytherapy in the treatment of local relapse after breast conservation: a possible alternative to mastectomy

Breast conserving surgery and postoperative radiotherapy became widely accepted in the last two decades for the treatment of early invasive breast cancer. In spite of adequate surgery and radiotherapy, the rate of ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence is approximately 10%. In such cases salvage mastectomy is the standard treatment, however wide reexcision of the recurrent tumor is also a reasonable option for selected patients. The risk of second local relapse is higher following further breast conservation compared to mastectomy. The authors report the technique of tumor reexcision combined with intraoperative implantation and perioperative high dose rate (HDR) bracytherapy of the tumor bed for the salvage of recurrence in a previously irradiated breast. One can perform two operative interventions at the same time with this method. Irradiation can be started safely within 48 hours after surgery. A review of the literature is also performed by the authors to demonstrate the role and indication of perioperative brachytherapy in the treatment of breast tumor relapse and other cancer recurrences. Reexcision is a practicable alternative to mastectomy for solitary, parenchymal breast tumor relapse measured 2 cm or less in diameter. Perioperative brachytherapy may decrease the risk of second relapse without increasing radiation side effects. Further prospective study is required to define the value of the prescribed method in comparison with salvage mastectomy.     

Subsequent surgery after initial breast conserving surgery: a population based study

BACKGROUND: In line with current Australian early breast cancer management guidelines, more women are having breast conserving surgery to treat breast cancer when appropriate. Some women will undergo further surgery because of involved margins, early local relapse, or other factors including patient choice. The aim of this study was to investigate whether socio-economic, demographic or hospital factors were associated with the risk of re-excision or subsequent mastectomy. METHODS: A record linkage population-based study on 12 711 women diagnosed with breast cancer in Western Australia from 1982 to 2000 who underwent breast surgery within 12 months of diagnosis was performed. Logistic regression was used to identify social, demographic and hospital factors associated with the risk of undergoing further surgery following initial breast conserving surgery. RESULTS: The proportion of women undergoing initial breast conserving surgery doubled from 33% in 1982-1985 to 72% in 1998-2000. The proportion of women who underwent further surgery following initial breast conserving surgery decreased from 50 to 30% over the same period. The risk of re-excision or subsequent mastectomy was between 2.4 (95% CI 1.7-3.4) and 5.0 (95% CI 3.4-7.4) times greater if initial surgery was performed in a non-metropolitan hospital compared to Perth hospitals. Younger women were between 1.7 (95% CI 1.4-2.0) and 2.1 (95% CI 1.5-3.0) times more likely to undergo re-excisions compared to women aged 50-64 years of age. CONCLUSIONS: Young women and women initially treated in non-metropolitan hospitals were at an increased risk of re-excision or a subsequent mastectomy following initial breast conserving surgery to treat breast cancer. Efforts need to be directed towards improving specialist health services outside of Perth if women continue to be treated for breast cancer in non-metropolitan hospitals.     

保乳术、改良根治术和改良根治术联合放疗治疗三阴性乳腺癌术后局部复发情况比较

目的探讨保乳术、改良根治术和保乳术联合放疗治疗三阴性乳腺癌的术后局部复发情况。 方法回顾性分析2009年1月至2014年12月间接受治疗的320例三阴乳腺癌患者资料,根据手术方案分为保乳术(BCT组)132例、改良根治术(MRM组)120例、保乳术联合放疗(联合组)68例。采用SPSS19.0软件进行统计分析。术中术后等计量资料采用( ±s)描述,组间比较采用单因素方差分析。采用COX生存回归分析术后3年的局部复发风险。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。 结果三组的手术时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),BCT组和联合组的切口长度、术中出血量和住院时间显著优于MRM(P<0.05);术后3年,BCT组、MRM组的局部复发风险分别是联合组的2.37倍、2.24倍(P<0.05);胸壁转移风险是联合组的3.14倍、3.85倍(P<0.05);BCT组的淋巴结转移风险是联合组的2.65倍(P<0.05),MRM组的淋巴结转移风险和联合组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论相较于改良根治术,保乳术联合放疗治疗乳腺癌不仅能术后恢复快、降低局部复发风险,还能保证相对正常的乳房外形,有利于患者术后生存质量提高,具有临床价值。     

保乳术与乳房改良根治术对患者肋间臂神经的影响

目的探讨保乳术与乳房改良根治术对乳腺癌的疗效及肋间臂神经的影响。方法将2010年1月至2013年1月收治的150例乳腺癌患者按照随机数字表法分为保乳组75例和根治组75例,术后两组患者随访3年,采用SPSS22.0统计学软件包对数据进行处理,手术时间、出血量、切口长度、住院时间、生活质量评分等计量资料用(x珋±s)表示,采用成组t检验;胸肌萎缩、胸壁外形改变、感觉功能障碍、复发、远处转移、生存率及并发症发生率比较采用χ2检验,以P0.05表示差异有统计学意义。结果与根治组比较,保乳组手术时间、术中出血量、手术切口长度、住院时间均显著缩短,两组间差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);保乳组胸肌萎缩、胸壁外形改变、感觉功能障碍发生率均显著低于根治组(P0.05);术后保乳组(2.6%)上肢水肿、切口感染、皮下积液等并发症发生率均显著低于根治组(44.0%)χ2=25.814,P0.05;生活质量显著高于根治组,以上指标两组间比较差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论保乳术对乳腺癌患者创伤更小,能避免对肋间臂神经的损伤,对于满足手术适应证的患者,保乳术可以作为首选治疗方案。     

Total Mastectomy or Breast Conservation Therapy? How Radiation Oncologist Accessibility Determines Treatment Choice and Quality: A SEER Data‐base Analysis

Mastectomy and breast conservation therapy (BCT) are equivalent in survival for treatment of early stage breast cancer. This study evaluated the impact of radiation oncologist accessibility on choice of breast conserving surgery (BCS) versus mastectomy, and the appropriate receipt of radiotherapy after BCS. In the National Cancer Institute Survival, Epidemiology, and End Results data base, the authors selected breast cancer cases from 2004 to 2008 with the following criteria: T2N1M0 or less, lobular or ductal histology, and treatment with simple or partial mastectomy. We combined the Health Resources and Services Administration Area Resource File to define average radiation oncologist density (ROD) by county over the same time period. We evaluated tumor characteristics, demographic information, and ROD with respect to BCS rates and receipt of radiation therapy after BCS in univariable and multivariable analyses. In 118,773 cases analyzed, mastectomy was performed 33.2% of the time relative to BCS. After adjustment for demographic and tumor variables, the odds of having BCS versus mastectomy were directly associated with ROD (multiplicative change in odds for a single unit increase in ROD [95% CI] = 1.02 [1.01–1.03]; p < 0.001). Adjuvant radiation therapy was not administered in 28.2% of BCS cases. When adjusting for demographic and tumor variables, the odds of having BCS without adjuvant radiation were inversely associated with ROD (0.95 [0.94–0.97]; p < 0.001). We observed a direct relationship between ROD and BCS rates independent of demographic and tumor variables, and an inverse trend for omission of radiotherapy after BCS. Access to radiation oncologists may represent an important factor in surgical choice and receiving appropriate BCT in early stage breast cancer.     

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??Immediate breast reconstruction for ?? or ?? stage breast cancer: An analysis of 153 patients REN Yu-ping??WU Le-hao??YU Jing??et al. Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery??Tongji Hospital??Huazhong University of Science and Technology??Wuhan 430030??China
Corresponding author??WU Yi-ping??E-mail??usypwu@hotmail.com
Abstract Objective To provide individualized treatment to ?? or ?? stage breast cancer patients. Methods The clinical data of 153 female patients with breast cancer in stage ??or ?? underwent excessive lumptectomy or mastectomy with immediate breast reconstruction surgeries from February 2007 to January 2014 in Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery??Tongji Hospital??Huazhong University of Science and Technology were analyzed retrospectively. Based on patients’ requirements, tumor resection or immediate breast reconstruction following total mastectomy were performed. Results In 153 patients??86 cases underwent breast conserving surgery??BCS?? and immediate breast reconstruction??including 30 cases underwent BCS-T and 56 cases underwent BCS-L. ??67 cases underwent skin sparing mastectomy??SSM?? and immediate breast reconstruction??including 21 cases underwent SSM-T??43 cases underwent SSM-L&I and 3 cases underwent SSM-E/I. Out of 153 patients??the reconstructed breast presented good shape and 93.5% of the patients were consent with the aesthetic outcome. The follow-up period varied from 6 months to 60 months with only one patient died from tumor metastasizing in the brain??no local recurrence and no graft loss. Fat necrosis occurred in 5 patients and 6 patients had subcutaneous seroma??which resolved after proper draining. Six patients had visible protuberance in the abdomen but did not cause any gastrointestinal symptoms. Conclusion Immediate breast reconstruction is a safe and ideal treatment for patients with ?? or ?? stage breast cancer. Individualized surgical procedures and pedicled-flap based breast reconstruction have high applicability.     

Long-term follow-up of the first breast conservation trial: Guy' wide excision study

Breast conservation therapy is now accepted as a proven approach for selected patients with operable breast cancer. Nevertheless, it is important to appreciate that the first randomized trials, which were carried out at Guy's Hospital, indicated the need for good local control and the increased mortality from breast cancer which occurred when treatment was sub-optimal. In the first trial 374 women aged > or = 50, with T1, T2, N0 and N1 tumours were randomized to either Halsted mastectomy and postoperative radiotherapy or wide excision and postoperative irradiation. Both groups were given 25-27 Gy to the gland fields and the wide excision group received additionally 35-38 Gy to the breast. Hence the wide excision group had no axillary surgery and subsequent axillary irradiation using what is now regarded as a low dose of radiotherapy. After 25 years, local relapse has occurred in 26% of the mastectomy group and 50% of the wide excision group (chi(2)= 21.6, P < 0.001). The breast cancer mortality rate at 25 years was 56% in the mastectomy group and 63% in those treated by wide excision (chi(2)= 5.33, P= 0.02). The first analysis of this trial indicated that increased risk of axillary relapse was restricted to N1 cases and so a second trial was conducted with entry only for those with clinically negative axillae (N0 series). Of 255 cases entered, 133 were randomized to mastectomy and 122 to wide excision. The same radiotherapy schedule was used as in the original Series. After 25 years local relapse occurred in 18% of the mastectomy cases and 54% of the wide excision group (chi(2)= 30.6, P < 0.001). There were significantly more distant relapse in the latter group (chi(2)= 6.32, P= 0.01), and a significant increase in breast cancer deaths (57% versus 44%, chi(2)= 4.27, P= 0.04). These two trials, conducted before the widespread introduction of systemic adjuvant therapy, both indicate the long-term effects of inadequate primary treatment. Inadvertent failure to treat the axilla effectively led not only to significantly increased axillary relapse rates but also to more deaths from metastatic disease.     

Breast conservative surgery: is it appropriate for locally advanced breast cancer following downstaging by neoadjuvant chemotherapy? A pathological assessment

The application of breast conserving surgery to down-staged cases with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) is still a controversial issue with a variable incidence of locoregional failures. In this study, the response of LABC to NACT was assessed pathologically and the eligible candidates for breast conserving surgery were identified retrospectively. The efficacy of preoperative clinical examination and mammography in detecting these pathological changes were also evaluated. The study included 41 LABC cases. They received NACT (FAC) and were then subjected to a mastectomy. The cases were examined clinically and by mammography before starting treatment and immediately before surgery. Residual tumours in the mastectomy specimens were correlated with the pretreatment and preoperative clinical and mammographic findings in order to assess the efficacy of these tools for detection of NACT-induced changes. After 3 cycles of NACT, 78% of women showed an objective response. However, only 25% of them would have been eligible for breast conserving surgery. The remaining responders had an increased incidence of either multifocality and or peritumoural in situ carcinoma. Both clinical examination and mammography were inadequate for detection of these chemotherapy-induced changes and hence for selecting suitable candidates for breast conservation. This study has shown that tumour regression by NACT is probably induced by a process of tumour segmentation and is associated with an increased incidence of ductal in situ lesions in the original tumour bearing area.     

Possible radiation induced cancer of the thoracic esophagus after postoperative irradiation in breast cancer

We report 11 cases with cancer of the thoracic esophagus developing after postoperative irradiation therapy for the breast cancer. Irradiation was done immediately after mastectomy in these cases and the irradiation field included the unilateral or bilateral parasternal region. They received a total dose ranging from 35 Gy to 60 Gy and the dose received to the thoracic esophagus was estimated from 10 Gy to 48 Gy. All cancer sites were involved in the irradiation filed. The latent intervals of 10 cases from radiation to the manifest of cancer ranged between 10 to 19 years. Among 4777 women undergone mastectomy for breast cancer between 1946 and 1980 in our hospital, 8 women (0.17%) developed cancer of the thoracic esophagus, whereas 5 (0.335%) out of 1534 women treated with mastectomy and radiotherapy with Linac between 1964 and 1980 developed cancer of the thoracic esophagus. Higher incidence of esophageal cancer in patients treated with surgery and radiation suggests that these cancers might be induced by radiation. Eight patients had esophagectomy and 4 patients of them received postoperative irradiation. They have survived from 9 months to 13 years. Two patients were controlled well by the irradiation alone. It is interesting that radiation therapy is sensitive to the possible radiation induced cancer of the thoracic esophagus. Follow up study should be directed to the possible development of second malignancy in patients who survive for a long time after radiation therapy.     

乳腺分叶状肿瘤14例的诊断和治疗

目的：探讨乳腺分叶状肿瘤的临床病理特点、治疗原则和影响预后的因素。方法：回顾1993年6月至2001年2月收治的14例乳腺分叶状肿瘤患者的临床资料。结果：14例患者平均年龄35岁，按WHO分类标准，其中良性5例，交界性5例，亚性4例。7例行局部切除术，4例行乳腺单纯切除术，3例行乳腺癌改良根治术。随访11例，平均随访时间19个月（6-96个月），1例行乳腺癌改良根治术后2年死于远处转移，3例行局部切除术后复发。结论：保证1-2cm切缘的扩大局部切除术是治疗乳腺分叶状肿瘤的首选方案。     

改良根治术与保乳手术治疗早期乳腺癌患者的近远期疗效对照比较

目的比较改良根治术与保乳手术治疗早期乳腺癌患者的近远期疗效。 方法收集2011年6月至2014年1月早期乳腺癌的患者134例,采用随机数字表法将其分为根治组与保乳组,分别采用改良根治术与保乳手术进行治疗,采用SPSS19.0软件进行分析,术中术后指标和生活质量评分采用均数±标准差进行描述,采用独立t检验;1年和3年总生存率和无病生存率、并发症采用率进行描述,采用χ²检验;采用log－rank检验法对两组患者的生存率进行检验,检验水准为α＝0.05。 结果根治组患者术中的平均出血量低于保乳组,且手术时间和术后的平均住院天数均少于保乳组,根治组患者的生理职能和精神健康得分低于保乳组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);根治组患者的3年无病生存率和3年总生存率均高于保乳组(P<0.05);根治组患者的腋窝淋巴结转移率低于保乳组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论改良根治术治疗早期乳腺癌患者的近期疗效和远期疗效均优于保乳手术,腋窝淋巴结的转移率低于保乳手术,更为安全有效,推荐在临床上使用。     

Neo‐Adjuvant chemotherapy and its affects to the axilla—Can we safely downgrade axillary surgery to mirror the approach in the breast

The use of neo‐adjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) to downgrade surgery in the breast from mastectomy to breast‐conserving surgery is well‐established. In certain patients, the use of adjuvant axillary radiotherapy can be safe and effective in place of axillary node clearance. What remains less clear are the alternative surgical options to the axilla following NACT. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of NACT in the axilla and whether downgrading axillary node clearance to axillary conserving surgery to mirror the approach in the breast may be a viable and safe practice. Patients undergoing neo‐adjuvant chemotherapy were identified over a seven‐year period between 2010 and 2017. Surgical plans were compared with pre‐ and post‐chemotherapy. Histological information at the time of diagnosis was compared to surgical excision specimens. 349 patients were included for analysis, and 264 had axillary status documented at diagnosis. The average patient age was 51 years, and Grade 3, ER‐positive, and Her2‐negative cancers made the biggest histological subgroups. Complete pathological response (CPR) was seen in the breast in 27% of cases. 19% of patients requiring mastectomy had their surgery downgraded. Following NACT, axillary CPR was seen in 42% of patients and residual axillary nodal burden was limited to four nodes in 73% of patients. Axillary conserving surgery may be a safe alternative surgical approach in the downstaged axilla following neo‐adjuvant chemotherapy. Advances in perioperative identification of suspicious nodes may be needed to facilitate progress.     

Malignant phyllodes tumor with liposarcomatous differentiation. Description of a clinical case]

Sarcoma of the breast are a rare group of neoplasms representing less than 5% of Soft Tissue Sarcomas (STS). Between 1980 and 1995 in the National Institute foe Cancer Research (IST) of Genoa, 2188 patients were submitted to surgery for breast cancer. Seven of them were found to be affected by sarcoma, confirmed by histologic diagnosis. All the patients were between 39 and 87 years-old. Surgical treatments were: wide excision (1 case), total mastectomy (2 cases), radical mastectomy following Halsted (4 cases). A case of a 53 year-old woman with a phyllodes tumor initially transforming in to liposarcoma is reported. The patient was submitted to surgery (total mastectomy) and nowadays is alive and free of disease after 29 months. All authors agree that the treatment for sarcoma of the breast is early and complete surgical excision of the mass. The role of chemotherapy and radiotherapy is still uncertain. Outcome is based on histologic type, degree of differentiation and tumor size.     

Ⅰ、Ⅱ期乳腺癌即刻乳房重建153例临床分析

目的 探讨 Ⅰ、Ⅱ期乳腺癌的个性化手术方案。方法 回顾性分析2007年2月至2014年1月华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院整形外科收治的153例女性Ⅰ、Ⅱ期乳腺癌病人的临床资料,在病人保留乳房外形的要求下,行肿瘤切除或全乳切除+即刻乳房重建手术。结果 153例病人中,行保乳术+即刻乳房重建86例,包括带蒂远端腹直肌肌皮瓣乳房重建30例、带蒂背阔肌肌皮瓣乳房重建56例;保留皮肤的乳腺切除术+即刻乳房重建67例,包括带蒂远端腹直肌肌皮瓣乳房重建21例、带蒂背阔肌肌皮瓣及硅凝胶假体乳房重建43例、扩张器或假体乳房重建术3例。术后乳房形态优良率达93.5%。随访6～60个月,无局部复发及皮瓣坏死等严重并发症;5例发生脂肪液化,6例发生皮下血清肿,经换药引流后治愈;6例出现腹部隆起但无消化道症状;1例因脑转移死亡。结论 即刻乳房重建是Ⅰ、Ⅱ期乳腺癌病人安全理想的选择,个性化的手术方案及带蒂皮瓣技术适合推广。