切开复位内固定治疗移位的跟骨关节内骨折的疗效分析

目的 评定切开复位内固定治疗移位的跟骨关节内骨折的疗效,并分析其影响因素.方法 回顾性分析2004年3月至2006年7月收治的采用切开复位内固定治疗的移位跟骨关节内骨折40例(46足).按照Sanders分型:Ⅱ型16足,Ⅲ型19足,Ⅳ型11足,总结评定其临床疗效并分析影响疗效的相关因素. 结果 所有患者均得到随访,平均随访18个月(13～28个月).根据Maryland足部评分系统评价术后疗效:优21足,良16足,可6足,差3足,优良率82.6%.优良率在不同骨折类型中分别为:Ⅱ型93.8%(15/16),Ⅲ型84.2%(16/19),1V型54.5%(6/11);伤后至手术时间≤14 d组和＞14d组分别为87.2%(34/38)和42.9%(3/8);在术后B0hler角＜15°组和≥15°组分别为37.5%(2/9)和89.5%(35/37);关节面复位质量≤2 mm组和＞2 mm组分别为91.2%(32/33)和45.5%(5/13).对各因素的优良率比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05). 结论 切开复位内固定治疗移位的跟骨关节内骨折,治疗效果好.骨折类型、伤后至手术时间、术后Bohler角的恢复程度、关节内骨折的复位质量为影响其术后疗效的重要因素.     

切开复位内固定治疗移位的跟骨关节内骨折

目的探讨切开复位可塑跟骨钢板内固定治疗移位的跟骨关节内骨折的疗效。方法对76例（82足）复杂跟骨关节内骨折行切开复位可塑跟骨钢板内固定治疗,其中39足予自体髂骨植骨。结果76例均获随访,时间12-35（22.3±3.7）个月。B hler角术前9.3°±3.2°,术后恢复到26.7°±6.8°;Gissane角术前101.6°±13.3°,术后恢复到120.1°±14.2°。根据Maryland足部评分系统：优39足,良31足,可8足,差4足。结论切开复位可塑跟骨钢板内固定治疗复杂的跟骨关节内骨折,固定牢固,能早期功能锻炼,可减少并发症。     

跟骨锁定钢板治疗跟骨关节内粉碎性骨折的疗效分析

目的 评价跟骨锁定钢板治疗跟骨关节内粉碎性骨折的疗效.方法 2006年10月至2007年12月,应用国际内固定研究学会(AO/ASIF)设计的跟骨锁定钢板治疗跟骨关节内粉碎性骨折21例,男12例,女9例;年龄24～78岁,平均42.5岁;左侧8例,右侧13例.骨折按照Sanders分型:Ⅲ型12例(Ⅲ型2例,Ⅲac型6例,Ⅲbc型4例),Ⅳ型9例.术后随访包括临床检查、问卷式调查、摄x线片及应用三维动态足底压力分析系统进行足底压力分析.采用Maryland足部评分标准进行足踝功能评分. 结果 18例获随访,时间10～21个月,平均15.5个月.骨折愈合时间7～14周,平均11.4周.无延迟愈合及不愈合,骨折端无移位,螺钉无松动、拔出及断钉.根据Maryland足部评分标准,患侧在末次随访时平均为81.7分(60～94分),其中优6例,良9例,一般3例.优良率为83.3%.末次随访X线片上的跟骨形态学指标较术前均有明显改善,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).三维动态足底压力测量结果提示无一例发生创伤件平足,患足躅趾、第1～5跖骨头平均峰值压力稍增高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),足跟部平均峰值压力减小,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05). 结论应用跟骨锁定钢板治疗跟骨关节内粉碎性骨折,有利于患肢早期负重锻炼,可获得较理想的临床疗效.     

重建钢板治疗跟骨关节内骨折

目的探讨切开复位跟骨重建钢板内固定治疗跟骨关节内骨折疗效。方法跟骨关节内骨折21例（23足）,采用跟骨外侧可延伸的L形切口入路,切开复位重建钢板内固定。结果所有患者均获4-25个月随访。根据M aryland足部评分系统,优13足,良8足,中2足。结论跟骨关节内移位骨折采用切开复位重建钢板内固定治疗,能早期功能锻炼,减少并发症,降低病残率。     

切开复位内固定与植骨术治疗跟骨关节内骨折移位

目的探讨跟骨关节内骨折并脱位的分类与治疗方法. 方法本研究包括 8例患者、 12侧跟骨关节.按照 Sanders系统分类;其中Ⅱ型骨折 2侧,Ⅲ型 4侧,Ⅳ型 6侧.采用切开复位内固定并植骨术,手术切口取标准外侧延长切口,骨折块采用小 AO桥形钢丝板固定,植骨材料采用病人自体髂骨.平均随访时间为 28.6个月( 24～ 33个月),采用 Creighton-Nebraska健康基金会跟骨骨折评分标准评分. 结果Ⅱ型骨折 89.7分,Ⅲ型 86.5分,Ⅳ型 73.5分.切开复位内固定术治疗跟骨骨折较非手术治疗有显著差异 (P< 0.05),在Ⅱ、Ⅲ型骨折中,术中采用植骨与否,无显著差异 (P >0.05);而在Ⅳ型骨折中,则有显著差异 (P< 0.05). 结论跟骨关节内骨折并脱位宜采用切开复位内固定术,在Ⅳ型骨折中,宜采用植骨术;此有利于早期负重及避免距下关节面塌陷. Sanders'分类系统对临床治疗具有指导意义.     

切开复位内固定治疗跟骨关节内骨折

目的 探讨跟骨关节内骨折手术时机,手术方法和疗效。方法 使用重建钢板内固定治疗SandersⅡ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ型32例37侧跟骨关节内骨折。结果 37侧均获随访,随访时间6-30个月,足部功能按Maryland足部评分系统评定,优20侧,良13侧,可4侧,优良率89.2%。结论 手术时机应选择急诊或伤后10-14d;切复内固定术适用于SandersⅡ、Ⅲ型及部分Ⅳ型跟骨骨折,对于骨质缺损严重,关节面塌陷者宜采用植骨术。     

切开复位内固定治疗跟骨关节内骨折

跟骨骨折多为高处坠落伤所致,损伤机制为偏心负荷引起的剪切、压缩骨折,多累及距下关节面,属关节内骨折。2000-2004年我科采用切开复位内固定治疗跟骨关节内骨折并获得随访20例,取得满意效果。1临床资料本组20例,男15例,女5例;年龄20~60岁。均为闭合性骨折。术前均摄跟骨正侧位     

切开复位内固定治疗关节内跟骨骨折

目的探讨切开复位内固定治疗跟骨关节内骨折的疗效。方法切开复位内固定治疗45例累及距下关节面的跟骨骨折患者共53足。末次随访时使用Maryland足部评分系统评价足部功能。结果 45例均获得随访,时间6个月～3年。骨折均愈合。足部功能评分:优37足,良8足,中5足,差3足,优良率为84.9%。结论切开复位内固定治疗关节内跟骨骨折,可保证关节面获得解剖复位,恢复行走功能,效果满意。     

切开复位内固定治疗跟骨关节内骨折

[目的]探讨波及距下关节的跟骨关节内骨折的手术治疗问题。[方法]从2002年3月-2005年11月，对收治的26例31足跟骨关节内骨折患者，采用跟骨外侧“L”形切口，切开复位，解剖型跟骨钛板内固定的方法进行治疗。[结果]全部患者随访13-19个月（平均13．4个月），23例27足切口I期愈合，有3例4足手术后切口皮肤部分感染坏死，经换药或扩创后愈合；3例出现足外侧皮肤麻木。按照孙宏慧等的疗效评定标准，优良率占84％。[结论]对于Sanders分型中Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ型的跟骨关节内骨折，采用手术切开复位内固定的方法进行治疗，效果满意，能最大程度地恢复足部功能。     

关节镜辅助下钢板内固定治疗关节内跟骨骨折

[目的]探讨分析关节镜辅助下钢板内固定治疗关节内跟骨骨折的方法和疗效;[方法]对78位患者，86例累及关节面的跟骨骨折在关节镜辅助下行切开复位钢板内固定术，术后平均随访18个月（12～30个月），通过比较术前术后X线片和踝足功能的AOFAS评分对治疗效果作分析评价．[结果]86例关节内跟骨骨折术后X线示复位满意．与术前存在显著性差异（P〈0．01），AOFAS评分优良率91．86％．[结论]对于关节内跟骨骨折，采用关节镜辅助钢板内固定更加接近解剖复位，足部功能恢复满意且并发症少     

Balloon reduction and cement fixation in intra-articular calcaneal fractures: a percutaneous approach to intra-articular calcaneal fractures

Purpose  

The management of calcaneal fractures remains challenging and often controversial. Open reduction and internal fixation with a lateral plate has been established as a standard therapy for displaced articular fractures. However, accurate subtalar joint reduction, while mandatory, is difficult to achieve, requires an extensive lateral approach, and clinical results may not be up to the difficulty of the task.     

切开复位内固定治疗移位的跟骨关节内骨折

目的探讨切开复位跟骨钢板内固定治疗跟骨关节内骨折的效果。方法自2001年8月至2003年4月,采用切开复位内固定治疗移位的跟骨关节内骨折34例35足。所有骨折均采用Sanders分型,应用广泛外侧入路,AO跟骨钢板内固定。对有选择的病例进行了植骨。应用影像学检查和美国足踝协会的后足评分系统进行结果评价,患者全部获得随访。平均随访时间18.3个月(12～32个月)。结果共完整随访Ⅱ型骨折30足,Ⅲ型骨折5足。术前平均Bhler角是5.6°,随访时平均Bhler角是28.2°。X线测量表明在单侧跟骨骨折患者跟骨高度恢复为健侧的97.7%。80%的患者取得关节面的解剖复位或近解剖复位。平均评分在SandersⅡ型骨折为88分,Ⅲ型骨折为79分。优良率在SandersⅡ型骨折为83%,Ⅲ型骨折为60%。总的优良率为79%。结论对于SandersⅡ型和Ⅲ型骨折患者采用切开复位内固定治疗,效果较好。     

Open reduction and internal fixation of displaced intra-articular fractures of the calcaneus

BACKGROUND: Thirty-two displaced intra-articular fractures of the calcaneus in 30 patients were treated with open reduction and internal fixation. Fracture classification was based on Sanders computed tomographic classification. There were 18 type II fractures, 10 type III fractures, and 4 type IV fractures. METHODS: The operations were performed using a standard extended lateral approach, and the fractures were fixed with small-fragment AO T-plates without bone grafting. Average follow-up was 35.4 months (range, 24-53 months). The Creighton-Nebraska Health Foundation Assessment score for fractures of the calcaneus was used for evaluation. RESULTS: The average score was 86.7 for type II, 82.3 for type III, and 59.2 for type IV fractures. There was a clear statistically significant superiority with type II and type III fractures treated with open reduction when compared with type IV fractures (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: On the basis of our result, we recommend that type II and type III fractures be treated with open reduction and internal fixation. Despite the results of type IV fractures being significantly worse than that of type II and type III fractures, we recommend open reduction and internal fixation for type IV fractures to restore the hindfoot architecture and the subtalar joint, if possible. When the disrupted subtalar joint is so comminuted that it is beyond the surgeon's ability to reconstruct, primary subtalar arthrodesis should be performed in addition to open reduction and internal fixation.     

异形钢板内固定治疗跟骨骨折

目的 探讨切开复位异形钢板内固定治疗跟骨关节内移位骨折的疗效.方法 应用跟骨外侧入路异形钢板内固定治疗64例(66足)跟骨骨折患者.结果 62例(64足)获得随访,时间4～15个月,骨折全部愈合.1足伤口感染植入的人工骨漏出,5足出现表皮坏死,均经对症治疗愈合.按Maryland足部评分系统评价疗效:优38足,良16足,可7足,差3足,优良率为84.4％.结论 异形钢板内固定治疗跟骨关节内移位骨折效果满意.     

The use of subtalar arthroscopy in open reduction and internal fixation of intra-articular calcaneal fractures

Congruency of the subtalar joint is a major predictor of outcome after intra-articular calcaneal fractures. Because of the irregular shape of the posterior joint facet, minor steps may be overlooked with direct vision or intra-operative fluoroscopy during open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF). In a preliminary series of 15 subtalar arthroscopies during hardware removal after ORIF of intra-articular calcaneal fractures, patients with visible steps of 1 mm or more had significantly inferior functional results compared to those with an intact subtalar joint (117 vs. 158 points with the 200-point score, 71.3 vs. 91.2 points with the Maryland Foot Score, P<0.01). Congruency of the posterior facet was controlled arthroscopically in 47 intra-articular calcaneus fractures after open reduction and temporary K-wire-fixation. In 12 cases (25.5%), despite seemingly correct reduction as judged fluoroscopically, incongruencies in the posterior calcaneal facet were detected and reduction was repeated, temporarily removing the K-wires. After anatomical reduction a standard AO calcaneal plate was fixed to the lateral wall. Intra-operative arthroscopy appears to be useful in detecting minor incongruencies after ORIF of intra-articular calcaneus fractures. In the hands of an experienced surgeon it is less time demanding than intra-operative X-rays and more precise than fluoroscopy.     

跟骨关节内骨折切开复位与撬拨复位治疗比较

目的评价跟骨关节内骨折切开复位与撬拨复位的疗效。方法我院自2005年1月至2009年12月收治85例共98足跟骨骨折,成功随访51例58足,其中撬拨复位24足,切开复位34足。按Maryland评分标准进行评价患者术后功能,术后X片Bohler角的恢复情况,患者术后踝关节的活动角度以及VAS疼痛评分法评价患者术后日常生活的自我舒适度。结果随访51例58足,随访率为62．4％;随访时间为3个月～4年,平均23个月。随访时切开复位内固定组及撬拨复位管型石膏固定组Maryland评分、术后踝关节的活动角度以及VAS疼痛评分,各指标比较显示切开复位内固定组均明显优于撬拨复位管型石膏固定组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论对于跟骨关节内骨折,特别是Sanders分型Ⅲ-Ⅳ型患者宜采取切开复位内固定治疗。     

切开复位内固定与植骨治疗跟骨关节内移位骨折

目的:评估切开复位内固定及植骨治疗跟骨关节内移位骨折的临床效果。方法:35例41足跟骨关节内移位骨折,其中男29例,女6例;年龄16-57岁,平均33.1岁;左足18例,右足11例,双足6例。X线片示:Bhler角0°-15°者19足,<0°者22足。按Sanders分类:Ⅱ型14足,Ⅲ型23足,Ⅳ型4足。并行切开复位普通跟骨接骨板内固定及植骨术。结果:41足经平均18个月随访,按Maryland足部评分系统评估手术疗效,其中优(90-100分)31足,良(75-89分)7足,可(50-74分)2足,差(<50分)1足,优良率为92.7%(38/41)。结论:跟骨关节内移位骨折行切开复位内固定术可取得良好临床疗效,植骨术有利于早期负重及避免距下关节面的塌陷。     

Open reduction and internal fixation of calcaneal fractures with a low profile titanium calcaneal perimeter plate

Forty-two intra-articular calcaneus fractures underwent open reduction and internal fixation with a low profile, titanium plate with a shape similar to the lateral aspect of the calcaneus. All 42 fractures healed without complication. There were no cases of hardware breakage. None of the patients were noted to have a loss of reduction. The plates were applied without bending and molded to the side of the calcaneus with tightening of the screws. No patient complained of symptomatic hardware during the follow-up period. With postoperative plain radiographs, the reduction was judged as anatomic in 35 patients, less than a 2 mm step off in six patients, and one patient with greater than 2 mm step off. Use of this new plate allows for easy application as it does not require contouring, is well tolerated without complaints of hardware prominence, and none of the hardware broke prior to fracture union.     

切开复位锁定钢板内固定治疗跟骨骨折

目的探讨切开复位锁定钢板内固定治疗跟骨骨折的临床疗效。方法采用切开复位锁定钢板内固定治疗36例SandersⅡ~Ⅳ型跟骨骨折患者。结果患者均获得随访,时间6~14个月。骨折均愈合。X线片显示跟骨高度、宽度、长度及外形恢复基本正常;Bhler角:术前0°~20°,术后32°~39°;Gissane角:术前89°~100°,术后120°~145°。按照Kerr跟骨骨折百分评分系统评定疗效:优24例,良11例,差1例,优良率为97.2%。结论切开复位锁定钢板内固定是治疗SandersⅡ~Ⅳ型跟骨骨折的有效方法。