经椎弓根植骨和椎体成形术治疗胸腰椎爆裂性骨折

目的 探讨经椎弓根植骨和椎体成形术治疗胸腰椎爆裂性骨折的方法和效果。方法 采用经椎弓根植骨椎体成形术治疗胸腰椎爆裂骨折24例并与同期同类骨折31例作比较性研究。结果 治疗组24例有1例螺钉松动,松动率4％,无断钉。对照组31例有8例内固定不同程度松动,松动率25％,2例断钉,断钉率6％。治疗组,对照组在前后缘高度的恢复,术前术后Cobb角的纠正,螺钉松动,断钉率等项指标中均存在着显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论 经椎弓根椎体植骨成形术重建了椎体高度,增加了脊柱前柱的抗压稳定性,使病人能早期活动,减少内固定物因应力过大造成的断钉、松动、椎体再压缩等并发症。     

后路短节段椎弓根内固定治疗无神经损伤胸腰段爆裂骨折

目的　探讨后路短节段椎弓根内固定、经椎弓根椎体内植骨对无神经损伤胸腰段爆裂骨折的治疗效果。方法　对 2 2例无神经损伤的胸腰段爆裂骨折 ,采用短节段椎弓根内固定器复位固定、经椎弓根椎体内植骨 ,术前、后摄X线片、CT扫描。结果　术后伤椎高度明显恢复 ,后凸显著矫正 (P <0 0 5 ) ;术后 1年 ,后凸矫正度数大量丢失 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　后路短节段椎弓根内固定是治疗无神经损伤胸腰段爆裂骨折的一种理想方法 ,经椎弓根椎体内植骨不能阻止后凸矫正度数的丢失。     

Treatment of acute thoracolumbar burst fractures with kyphoplasty and short pedicle screw fixation: Transpedicular intracorporeal grafting with calcium phosphate: A prospective study

Background:

In the surgical treatment of thoracolumbar fractures, the major problem after posterior correction and transpedicular instrumentation is failure to support the anterior spinal column, leading to loss of correction and instrumentation failure with associated complaints. We conducted this prospective study to evaluate the outcome of the treatment of acute thoracolumbar burst fractures by transpedicular balloon kyphoplasty, grafting with calcium phosphate cement and short pedicle screw fixation plus fusion.

Materials and Methods:

Twenty-three consecutive patients of thoracolumbar (T₉ to L₄) burst fracture with or without neurologic deficit with an average age of 43 years, were included in this prospective study. Twenty-one from the 23 patients had single burst fracture while the remaining two patients had a burst fracture and additionally an adjacent A1-type fracture. On admission six (26%) out of 23 patients had neurological deficit (five incomplete, one complete). Bilateral transpedicular balloon kyphoplasty with liquid calcium phosphate to reduce segmental kyphosis and restore vertebral body height and short (three vertebrae) pedicle screw instrumentation with posterolateral fusion was performed. Gardner kyphosis angle, anterior and posterior vertebral body height ratio and spinal canal encroachment were calculated pre- to postoperatively.

Results:

All 23 patients were operated within two days after admission and were followed for at least 12 months after index surgery. Operating time and blood loss averaged 45 min and 60 cc respectively. The five patients with incomplete neurological lesions improved by at least one ASIA grade, while no neurological deterioration was observed in any case. The VAS and SF-36 (Role physical and Bodily pain domains) were significantly improved postoperatively. Overall sagittal alignment was improved from an average preoperative 16° to one degree kyphosis at final followup observation. The anterior vertebral body height ratio improved from 0.6 preoperatively to 0.9 (P<0.001) postoperatively, while posterior vertebral body height improved from 0.95 to 1 (P<0.01). Spinal canal encroachment was reduced from an average 32% preoperatively to 20% postoperatively. Cement leakage was observed in four cases (three anterior to vertebral body and one into the disc without sequalae). In the last CT evaluation, there was a continuity between calcium phosphate and cancellous vertebral body bone. Posterolateral radiological fusion was achieved within six months after index operation. There was no instrumentation failure or measurable loss of sagittal curve and vertebral height correction in any group of patients.

Conclusions:

Balloon kyphoplasty with calcium phosphate cement secured with posterior short fixation in the thoracolumbar spine provided excellent immediate reduction of posttraumatic segmental kyphosis and significant spinal canal clearance and restored vertebral body height in the fracture level.     

Treatment of thoracolumbar burst fractures without neurologic deficit by indirect reduction and posterior instrumentation: bisegmental stabilization with monosegmental fusion

This study retrospectively reviews 20 sequential patients with thoracolumbar burst fractures without neurologic deficit. All patients were treated by indirect reduction, bisegmental posterior transpedicular instrumentation and monosegmental fusion. Clinical and radiological outcome was analyzed after an average follow-up of 6.4 years. Re-kyphosis of the entire segment including the cephaled disc was significant with loss of the entire postoperative correction over time. This did not influence the generally benign clinical outcome. Compared to its normal height the fused cephalad disc was reduced by 70% and the temporarily spanned caudal disc by 40%. Motion at the temporarily spanned segment could be detected in 11 patients at follow-up, with no relation to the clinical result. Posterior instrumentation of thoracolumbar burst fractures can initially reduce the segmental kyphosis completely. The loss of correction within the fractured vertebral body is small. However, disc space collapse leads to eventual complete loss of segmental reduction. Therefore, posterolateral fusion alone does not prevent disc space collapse. Nevertheless, clinical long-term results are favorable. However, if disc space collapse has to prevented, an interbody disc clearance and fusion is recommended. Received: 21 October 1998 Revised: 26 March 1999 Accepted: 12 April 1999     

经皮椎弓根螺钉内固定结合椎体内植骨治疗胸腰椎骨折

 目的 探讨经皮椎弓根螺钉结合椎体内植骨治疗胸腰椎骨折的有效性。方法 采用 Sextant微创脊柱系统结合椎体内植骨技术治疗无神经功能损害、载荷分享评分逸7分的胸腰椎 A型骨折患者 20例, 并与同期行开放椎弓根螺钉内固定结合椎体内植骨治疗的 20例患者进行比较, 观察两组间的临床及影像学各项指标。结果 两组患者间性别、年龄、手术时机及载荷分享评分差异无统计学意义;但手术时间及出血量经皮组明显小于开放组(P约 0.05)。两组患者术后椎体前高、后凸角均显著恢复(P<0.05);术后 1年, 两组均见椎体前高和后凸角的显著丢失(P约 0.05);末次随访, 两组也均未见上述指标的进一步丢失。影像学指标与临床疗效两组间差异无统计学意义, 经皮组影像学指标恢复略差, 但临床疗效略优。结论 (1)经椎弓根椎体内植骨技术可应用于治疗载荷分享评分逸7分、无神经功能损害的胸腰椎爆裂骨折;(2)尽管经皮椎弓根螺钉内固定术的影像学各指标略差于开放组, 但由于其损伤小、出血少等优点, 仍获得较好的临床疗效。     

Short-segment pedicle instrumentation of thoracolumbar burst fractures: does transpedicular intracorporeal grafting prevent early failure?

STUDY DESIGN: A prospective, randomized study comparing two treatment methods for thoracolumbar burst fractures: short-segment instrumentation with transpedicular grafting and the same procedure without transpedicular grafting. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of transpedicular grafting in preventing failure of short-segment fixation for the treatment of thoracolumbar burst fractures. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Short-segment pedicle instrumentation for thoracolumbar burst fractures is known to fail early because of the absence of anterior support. Additional transpedicular grafting has been offered as an alternative to prevent this failure. However, there is controversy about the results of transpedicular grafting. METHODS: Twenty patients with thoracolumbar burst fractures were included in the study. The inclusion criterion was the presence of fractures through the T11-L3 vertebrae without neurologic compromise. The patients were randomized by a simple method into two groups. Group 1 patients were treated using short-segment instrumentation with transpedicular grafting (TPG) (n = 10), and Group 2 patients were treated by short-segment fixation alone (NTPG) (n = 10). Clinical (Likert's questionnaire) and radiologic (sagittal index, percentage of anterior body height compression, and local kyphosis) outcomes were analyzed. RESULTS: The two groups were similar in age, follow-up period, and severity of the deformity and fracture. The postoperative and follow-up sagittal index, percentage of anterior body height compression, and average correction loss in local kyphosis in both groups were not significantly different. The failure rate, defined as an increase of 10 degrees or more in local kyphosis and/or screw breakage, was also not significantly different (TPG = 50%, NTPG = 40%, P = 0.99). CONCLUSIONS: Short-segment transpedicular instrumentation of thoracolumbar burst fractures is associated with a high rate of failure that cannot be decreased by additional transpedicular intracorporeal grafting.     

经椎弓根植骨治疗老年人胸腰椎爆裂性骨折

目的　探讨经椎弓根植骨结合短节段内固定对防止老年人胸腰椎爆裂性骨折后期后凸畸形及腰背部疼痛的意义。方法　采用经椎弓根植骨结合短节段内固定治疗老年胸腰椎爆裂性骨折 1 6例 ,术后及随访期间摄X线片测定椎体成角、上下终板成角、椎体前缘高度与正常高度的比值 ,了解患者后期腰背部疼痛情况 ,了解有无内固定失败等并发症。结果　通过经椎弓根植骨结合短节段内固定治疗 ,椎体成角、上下终板成角、椎体前缘高度与正常高度的比值均明显改善 ,术后随访测量以上结果与术后相比无明显变化。随访期间 3例有轻度腰背部疼痛 ,其余无腰背部疼痛。无一例发生内固定折断、拔出、松动等并发症。结论　采用经椎弓根植骨结合短节段内固定治疗老年胸腰椎爆裂性骨折可有效地防止后期出现后凸畸形及腰背部疼痛 ,是治疗老年胸腰椎爆裂性骨折较理想的方法之一     

经伤椎椎弓根植骨联合椎弓根钉内固定系统治疗胸腰椎爆裂性骨折

目的探讨经伤椎椎弓根植骨联合椎弓根钉内固定系统治疗胸腰椎爆裂性骨折的临床效果。方法 2014年5月—2016年1月,共收治胸腰椎单节段爆裂性骨折患者73例,其中前期35例采用椎弓根钉内固定系统进行治疗(A组),后期38例采用经伤椎椎弓根植骨联合椎弓根钉内固定系统治疗(B组)。记录并比较2组患者术前、术后伤椎前缘高度、后凸Cobb角、美国脊髓损伤协会(ASIA)分级以及腰痛情况。结果所有患者均顺利完成手术。末次随访时,B组伤椎前缘高度显著高于A组,Cobb角显著小于A组,远期椎体高度及Cobb角丢失率显著低于A组,差异均有统计学意义(P 0.05)。末次随访时,B组患者术后ASIA分级情况显著优于A组,差异有统计学意义(P 0.05)。B组术后腰痛整体情况优于A组,其中无痛例数显著多于A组,中度疼痛例数显著少于A组,差异均有统计学意义(P 0.05)。结论经伤椎椎弓根植骨联合椎弓根钉内固定系统治疗胸腰椎爆裂性骨折,可有效恢复伤椎椎体高度,改善伤椎稳定性,有助于神经功能的恢复,减少腰痛等并发症的发生,疗效显著,值得推广。     

伤椎椎体内植骨结合后外侧植骨内固定治疗胸腰椎爆裂骨折的疗效

目的探讨经伤椎椎弓根椎体内植骨结合后外侧植骨内固定治疗胸腰椎爆裂骨折的疗效。方法采用自体骨粒经椎弓根植入伤椎及后外侧内固定治疗20例胸腰椎爆裂骨折患者(A组),并与仅行后外侧植骨内固定治疗的22例胸腰椎爆裂骨折患者(B组)作对照研究。比较两组影像学指标、疼痛VAS评分及脊髓神经功能情况。结果患者均获得随访,时间为12~18(15±2.6)个月。伤椎前缘高度比、伤椎Cobb角:两组术后及末次随访与术前比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);术后两组间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),末次随访时两组间比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。VAS评分:两组术后及末次随访时较术前均明显降低(P0.05),两组间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。脊髓神经功能评估:两组末次随访时均较术前明显改善,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),两组间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论胸腰椎爆裂骨折经伤椎椎弓根椎体植骨结合后外侧植骨内固定,可恢复伤椎椎体高度及稳定性,防止术后椎体高度和Cobb角的再丢失以及内固定的失效。     

短节段椎弓根螺钉内固定结合伤椎植骨植钉术在胸腰椎骨折的应用

目的：比较短节段椎弓根螺钉内固定结合伤椎植骨植钉术与跨节段椎弓根螺钉内固定术治疗胸腰椎爆裂或压缩骨折的临床疗效。方法将46例胸腰椎爆裂或压缩骨折患者随机分为2组,分别使用短节段椎弓根螺钉内固定结合伤椎植骨植钉术和跨节段椎弓根螺钉内固定结合伤椎植骨术治疗。比较两组手术时间、术中出血量、术后Cobb角、伤椎前缘高度压缩率、椎间隙高度丢失、神经功能恢复（Frankel分级）、JOA评分及VAS评分。结果两组患者手术时间和术中出血量比较,差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。术后12个月神经功能Frankel分级差异无统计学意义。术后各时间点观察组、对照组Cobb角、各椎间隙高度、VAS评分及JOA评分比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论短节段椎弓根螺钉内固定结合伤椎植骨植钉术治疗胸腰椎爆裂或压缩骨折能有效恢复并维持伤椎高度,但不能有效地防止相邻节段的退变和后凸畸形矫正度的丢失。     

经伤椎内固定椎间椎体内打压植骨治疗胸腰椎骨折

目的探讨后路经伤椎短节段复位内固定联合椎间椎体打压植骨治疗胸腰椎骨折的疗效。方法采用经伤椎后路复位短节段内固定、椎间椎体内植骨治疗21例胸腰椎骨折患者。根据术前、术后1周及末次随访时正、侧位X线片评判术后伤椎椎体前缘高度、后凸Cobb角恢复及内固定失败和骨融合情况。结果患者均获随访,时间12~32个月。未见断钉断棒及内固定松动。伤椎及椎间植骨均获骨性愈合。伤椎椎体前缘高度:术后1周为95.1%±3.2%,末次随访时为93.9%±3.6%,均较术前39.6%±10.3%明显改善(P0.01)。损伤节段后凸Cobb角:术后1周为12.2°±2.9°,末次随访时为12.9°±3.5°,均较术前(33.7°±6.2°)明显恢复(P0.01)。末次随访时与术后1周比较,伤椎椎体前缘高度和Cobb角均无明显变化(P0.05)。结论后路经伤椎短节段内固定联合椎间及伤椎打压植骨治疗胸腰椎骨折,重建了椎间和椎体的稳定性,有助于减少术后内固定失败及矫正丢失。     

后路经伤椎单节段与双节段固定治疗胸腰段骨折疗效比较

目的比较后路经伤椎单节段与双节段固定治疗胸腰段骨折的临床疗效。方法将70例胸腰段骨折患者根据固定方式不同分为单节段组(采用后路经伤椎单节段固定,33例)和双节段组(采用经伤椎双节段固定,37例)。比较两组患者手术时间、出血量(术中失血量+术后引流量)、住院天数、围手术期并发症、术后24个月ODI、术后伤椎高度矫正率、术后24个月伤椎高度矫正丢失率、术后Cobb角矫正率及术后24个月Cobb角矫正丢失率。结果患者均获得随访,时间24个月。两组患者住院天数、术后并发症发生率、术后伤椎高度矫正率、术后Cobb角矫正率、术后24个月ODI等比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者的手术时间、出血量、术后24个月伤椎高度矫正丢失率、术后24个月Cobb角矫正丢失率比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论后路经伤椎单节段与双节段固定治疗胸腰段骨折均能获得满意的临床疗效,单节段固定手术时间及出血量较少,双节段固定够有效恢复并维持椎体高度、减少术后后凸畸形矫正丢失。     

USS复位内固定结合经椎弓根植骨治疗胸腰椎爆裂性骨折

目的探讨采用通用脊柱系统(USS)复位内固定结合经椎弓根植骨治疗胸腰椎爆裂性骨折的临床疗效。方法采用通用脊柱系统(USS)复位内固定结合经椎弓根植骨治疗胸腰椎爆裂性骨折27例,术后及随访期间摄X线片,测定椎体成角、上下终板成角、椎体前缘高度与正常高度的比值,了解术后骨折复位情况以及随访期间内固定有无失败和复位丢失情况。结果通过手术复位,椎体成角、上下终板成角、椎体前缘高度与正常高度的比值均明显改善,术后随访测量以上结果与术后相比无明显变化,无一例发生内固定失败。结论采用USS复位内固定结合经椎弓根植骨治疗胸腰椎爆裂性骨折可有效地防止内固定失败以及脊柱骨折复位丢失和后凸畸形,是治疗胸腰椎爆裂性骨折较理想的方法。     

后路内固定结合经伤椎椎弓根植骨治疗胸腰椎爆裂性骨折

目的探讨后路内固定结合经伤椎椎弓植骨治疗胸腰椎爆裂性骨折的临床效果。方法将60例胸腰椎爆裂性骨折患者按手术方法分为两组:实验组(后路钉棒固定结合经椎弓根植骨)30例,对照组(常规内固定后外侧植骨)30例。观察术前、术后1周、术后3个月及术后12个月椎体高度压缩率、伤椎Cobb角、骨折愈合情况及内固定并发症,并进行比较分析。结果 60例均获随访,时间12～18(14.9±4.8)个月。两组术前、术后1周、术后3个月的椎体高度压缩率、Cobb角比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后12个月两组椎体高度压缩率、Cobb角比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。实验组疗效优于对照组。术后3个月实验组椎体骨折愈合12例,对照组5例;末次随访时实验组无内固定并发症发生,对照组出现3例断钉、2例螺钉松动退出。神经功能评分均较术前有明显改善,两组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论后路内固定结合经伤椎椎弓根植骨治疗胸腰椎爆裂性骨折,能促进骨折愈合,恢复椎体前中柱支撑,减少伤椎高度丢失和后凸畸形,减少内固定并发症发生率。     

后路经皮椎弓根螺钉联合微创前路椎体内植骨治疗胸腰椎骨折

背景：治疗不稳定的胸腰椎骨折,单纯后路复位固定常不足以维持前柱稳定性,导致后凸畸形矫正丢失或者内固定失效。 目的：探讨经皮椎弓根螺钉结合前路椎体内植骨治疗胸腰椎骨折的有效性。 方法：采用经皮椎弓根螺钉Viper系统结合小切口前路椎体内植骨治疗无神经功能损害A型胸腰椎骨折14例,随访观察伤椎的椎体前缘高度、矢状位后凸角变化等影像像学指标以及临床疗效。 结果：所有患者均获得随访,平均14个月,临床疗效判定优良,X线显示,骨折均获得愈合,无内固定物松动折断失效。影像学测量骨折椎体前缘高度术前71．7％±7．5％,术后即刻94．7％±3．5％,末次随访时88．7％±4．2％。后凸Cobb角术前为19．6°±3．4°,术后5．0°±2．7°,末次随访时9．9°±2．6°。结论：经皮椎弓根内固定联合微创前路椎体内植骨作为微创的手术方式可以有效地应用于胸腰椎骨折治疗,取得满意的早期疗效。     

Transpedicular hydroxyapatite grafting with indirect reduction for thoracolumbar burst fractures with neurological deficit: A prospective study

Background:

The major problem after posterior correction and instrumentation in the treatment of thoracolumbar burst fractures is failure to support the anterior spinal column leading to loss of correction of kyphosis and hardware breakage. We conducted a prospective consecutive series to evaluate the outcome of the management of acute thoracolumbar burst fractures by transpedicular hydroxyapatite (HA) grafting following indirect reduction and pedicle screw fixation.

Materials and Methods:

Eighteen consecutive patients who had thoracolumbar burst fractures and associated incomplete neurological deficit were operatively treated within four days of admission. Following indirect reduction and pedicle screw fixation, transpedicular intracorporeal HA grafting to the fractured vertebrae was performed. Mean operative time was 125 min and mean blood loss was 150 ml. Their implants were removed within one year and were prospectively followed for at least two years.

Results:

The neurological function of all 18 patients improved by at least one ASIA grade, with nine (50%) patients demonstrating complete neurological recovery. Sagittal alignment was improved from a mean preoperative kyphosis of 17°to −2°(lordosis) by operation, but was found to have slightly deteriorated to 1° at final followup observation. The CT images demonstrated a mean spinal canal narrowing preoperatively, immediate postoperative and at final followup of 60%, 22% and 11%, respectively. There were no instances of hardware failure. No patient reported severe pain or needed daily dosages of analgesics at the final followup. The two-year postoperative MRI demonstrated an increase of one grade in disc degeneration (n = 17) at the disc above and in 11 patients below the fractured vertebra. At the final followup, flexion-extension radiographs revealed that a median range of motion was 4, 6 and 34 degrees at the cranial segment of the fractured vertebra, caudal segment and L1-S1, respectively. Bone formation by osteoconduction in HA granules was unclear, but final radiographs showed healed fractures.

Conclusions:

Posterior indirect reduction, transpedicular HA grafting and pedicle screw fixation could prevent the development of kyphosis and should lead to reliable neurological improvement in patients with incomplete neurological deficit. This technique does not require fusion to a segment, thereby preserves thoracolumbar motion.     

经椎弓根植骨后路内固定治疗老年胸腰椎爆裂骨折

目的探讨经椎弓根植骨后路内固定治疗老年人胸腰椎爆裂性骨折的临床疗效。方法对21例老年人胸腰椎爆裂性骨折的患者行经椎弓根植骨后路内固定手术,术前、术后及随访时测量伤椎前缘高度与正常高度的比值、后凸Cobb角,了解神经功能改变及腰背疼痛变化。结果术后伤椎前缘高度与正常高度的比值、后凸Cobb角恢复满意。随访12-36个月（平均22.4个月）,无断钉及内固定物松动,伤椎前缘高度与正常高度的比值、后凸Cobb角无明显再丢失,神经功能及腰背疼痛明显改善。结论经椎弓根植骨后路内固定治疗老年人胸腰椎爆裂性骨折可重建脊柱前、中柱的稳定性,防止后期矫正角度及椎体高度的再丢失。     

伤椎置钉联合经椎弓根椎体内植骨治疗胸腰椎骨折

目的分析伤椎置钉联合经椎弓根椎体内植骨治疗胸腰椎骨折的临床效果。方法 2008年6月至2012年6月,我院脊柱外科应用伤椎置钉联合经椎弓根椎体内植骨治疗胸腰椎骨折患者44例,对比术前、术后伤椎椎体前缘压缩比值(X线侧位片上伤椎前缘高度/伤椎相邻上下两椎体前缘高度的平均值)及脊柱后凸Cobb角;记录术前、术后的神经功能改变。结果随访时间为1.0~4.0年,平均1.8年。患者术后3 d伤椎前缘的压缩比值为93.4%,与术前的46.9%比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后3 d的Cobb角为5.2°,与术前的30.4°比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。其中23例患者术后1年有1~3级神经功能改善。结论伤椎置钉联合经椎弓根椎体内植骨可以恢复伤椎高度并矫正脊柱后凸畸形,临床效果满意。     

改良漏斗椎弓根植骨治疗胸腰椎骨折疗效分析

目的:分析改良漏斗经椎弓根伤椎内植骨治疗胸腰椎骨折的临床疗效。方法:自2006年5月至2011年11月,采用后路椎弓根螺钉固定、复位并联合改良椎弓根漏斗伤椎内植入自体髂骨治疗胸腰椎骨折患者35例(严重压缩性骨折9例、爆裂性骨折26例),男19例,女16例;年龄21～66岁,平均34.6岁。术后通过X线片动态测量伤椎前缘高度及Cobb角;CT评估植骨效果并最终测定植骨区CT值;神经功能采用Frankel分级评定;疼痛按照视觉模拟评分。结果:32例均获得随访,时间18～37个月,平均19.7个月。无神经损伤加重,术前11例神经功能部分损害者有至少1级的恢复;无内固定松动或断裂,伤椎内植骨填充良好,6个月内全部融合,植骨区无贯通式腔隙。伤椎前缘高度比由术前(50.17±8.26)%恢复至术后(90.79±4.85)%,末次随访时(内固定取除后6个月)为(90.34±4.03)%;Cobb角由术前(28.70±6.24)°恢复到术后(7.26±3.79)°,末次随访时为(7.34±4.05)°。末次随访伤椎植骨区平均CT值均明显高于邻椎;疼痛视觉模拟评分平均为1.06分。结论:后路椎弓根固定、复位并联合改良漏斗伤椎内植骨治疗胸腰椎爆裂性骨折简便、安全且经济,伤椎空腔内植骨效果良好,可有效防止伤椎高度再丢失和进行性后凸畸形,最大程度地保留脊柱运动功能。     

后路椎弓根螺钉固定加经椎弓根注射型硫酸钙植骨治疗胸腰椎爆裂性骨折

目的观察经椎弓根注射型硫酸钙植骨对预防胸腰椎爆裂性骨折椎弓根钉固定失败的作用及意义。方法本组66例胸腰椎爆裂性骨折患者随机分成2组：A组（行短节段内固定并辅助经椎弓根注射型硫酸钙植骨）33例,B组（仅行短节段内固定）33例。平均随访16个月,在侧位X线片上测量Cobb角、伤椎后凸角以及伤椎相对高度,功能评定采用Greenough腰痛评分法（lowback outcome score,LBOS）。结果手术前、后2组间Cobb角、伤椎后凸角以及伤椎相对高度差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,而末次随访2组问Cobb角、伤椎后凸角以及伤椎相对高度差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。LBOS评分,A组优良率为85％（28／33）,B组仅为60％（20／33）。结论经椎弓根注射型硫酸钙植骨是降低内固定失败、减少伤椎高度丢失、后凸畸形等并发症的有效措施。