两种机用镍钛器械预备老年人磨牙根管的临床效果比较

目的：比较两种机用镍钛系统Mtwo和ProTaper在老年人磨牙根管预备中的临床应用效果。方法：选择牙髓炎或根尖周炎老年患者磨牙60颗,分别用Mtwo、ProTaper和不锈钢K锉预备根管,全部患牙均采用侧向加压法充填根管。记录根管预备时间,根据术前术后X线片评价根管预备和充填的效果,回访患者术后反应。结果：Mtwo和ProTaper机用镍钛器械均能较好地保持根管的弯曲度和走向,根管预备的锥度和流畅度好,根管形态无改变,未见根管偏移、根尖阻塞、台阶形成等并发症发生;Mtwo和ProTaper机用镍钛器械的操作时间均比不锈钢K锉组短;使用ProTaper组有2例发生器械分离,Mtwo组未见器械分离。结论：Mtwo和ProTaper机用镍钛器械预备老年人磨牙根管均可获得较好的成形效果,均快速高效且较少有根管内并发症发生。     

3种机动镍钛器械预备磨牙根管的效果评价

目的:评价3种机动镍钛器械预备磨牙根管的效果,为临床选择机动镍钛系统提供参考。方法:将临床需行根管治疗的90颗磨牙随机分为ProTaper、K3、Mtwo3组,ProTaper和K3组采用冠向下法预备根管,Mtwo组采用常规法预备根管,3组均采用冷侧压法充填根管。根据治疗前后的X线片评价根管预备效果,比较器械损耗、预备时间及术中、术后并发症的发生率。使用SAS9.0软件包进行统计分析,根管弯曲度和操作时间的比较用t检验,根管内并发症和术后疼痛的发生率用χ2检验。结果:3种机用镍钛器械均能很好地维持根管的弯曲和走向,根管的锥度和流畅度好。无根管偏移、根尖阻塞、台阶形成等并发症发生,术后疼痛发生少且程度轻。预备过程中,ProTaper组有4根锉发生器械折断,K3组有3根锉发生器械折断,Mtwo组有1根锉发生器械折断。Mtwo的操作时间(3.94min)比ProTaper(4.71min)和K3(4.58min)短,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:3种机动镍钛预备系统用于预备磨牙根管,效率高,成形能力佳。Mtwo机动镍钛器械使用常规法预备方法更简单,预备时间短且有效。     

机动ProTaper和Mtwo器械用于弯曲根管预备的临床评价

目的:评价机用ProTaper和Mtwo对弯曲根管的预备效果。方法:将临床需行根管治疗的171颗磨牙随机分为三组,分别采用ProTaper、Mtwo及不锈钢K锉对磨牙弯曲根管进行预备,比较器械折断、根管预备时间、术后反应及根管成型及充填情况。结果:根管预备时间:Mtwo的操作时间5.4 min比ProTaper的6.8 min和不锈钢K锉的13.6min短,ProTaper和Mtwo器械预备的根管锥度和流畅度均好,术后疼痛发生少。结论:ProTaper和Mtwo器械用于预备磨牙弯曲根管,效率高,成形能力佳。Mtwo器械应用常规预备法简单,预备时间短且有效。     

3种器械去除椭圆形根管内充填物的效果研究

目的：研究两种镍钛器械和手用不锈钢器械去除椭圆形根管内充填物的效果。方法：45颗具有椭圆形根管的下颌前磨牙经逐步后退法预备、热牙胶垂直加压充填后随机分为3组,分别用ProTaper再治疗器械和ProTaper器械,Mtwo再治疗器械和Mtwo器械,手用H锉和K锉去除牙胶。测量各组中充填物的残留量及各个器械使用的时间。结果：手用器械组充填物的残留量百分比明显低于ProTaper组和Mtwo组,但操作时间高于ProTaper组和Mtwo组。结论：椭圆形根管内,使用机用镍钛器械可以减少操作时间,但是残留的根管充填物较多。     

ProFile ProTaper镍钛根管器械与不锈钢K锉预备弯曲根管的比较研究

目的：比较ProFile镍钛机用根管器械，ProTaper镍钛手用根管器械和不锈钢K锉用于弯曲根管预备时的根管拉直和根尖偏移，为ProFile和ProTaper的临床应用提供实验依据。方法：将正畸前减数拔除的30个下颌第一前磨牙随机分为3组，分别用不锈钢K锉、ProTaper镍钛手用根管器械、ProFile镍钛机用根管器械做根管预备，分析评价其根管拉直和根尖偏移情况。结果：不锈钢K锉组的根管拉直、根尖偏移显著大于ProTaper和ProFile预备组。结论：ProFile和ProTaper镍钛根管预备器械与传统的不锈钢器械相比更适合弯曲根管的根管预备。     

机用镍钛器械ProTaper用于根管治疗的临床研究

目的：评价使用机用镍钛器械ProTaper预备根管的临床效果。方法：选取临床上患牙髓炎及根尖周炎需要进行根管治疗的患牙162个,其中83个运用冠向下技术,机用镍钛器械ProTaper进行根管预备,热牙胶垂直加压技术充填根管;另外79个患牙运用逐步后退法根管预备技术,国际标准手动不锈钢K锉进行根管预备,冷侧压技术充填根管。记录两组根管预备所需时间及器械折断数量,根据治疗前、中、后的X线片评价预备及根充效果。结果：用机用镍钛器械ProTaper根管预备组所有患牙根管锥度流畅度好,根管形态及工作长度无改变,操作时间短,有3例发生器械折断。结论：使用机用镍钛器械ProTaper预备根管成形、根充效果好,时间短,但要注意预防器械的折断。     

镍钛器械联合应用于磨牙弯曲根管预备的临床效果

目的 比较ProTaper联合镍钛K锉、S3锉、ProTaper锉3组镍钛器械在预备磨牙重度弯曲根管中的临床效果.方法 选取重度弯曲根管的磨牙150颗,随机分为3组(n=50个),分别使用ProTaper联合镍钛K锉(A组)、S3锉(B组)、ProTaper锉(C组)预备根管,侧压法充填根管,比较3组器械的根管成形效果、器械分离情况、术后疼痛反应情况.结果 3组器械预备根管后成形效果良好率分别为82.0％、86.0％、62.0％,A、B组两组器械的根管成形效果均优于C组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).B组的器械分离数最少,B组与C组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).3组的术后疼痛反应发生率为分别6.0％、4.0％和4.0％,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 在磨牙重度弯曲根管中,ProTaper联合镍钛K锉和S3锉均有良好的临床效果.     

ProTaper机用镍钛锉根管预备的临床效果分析

目的 评价ProTaper机用镍钛锉根管预备的临床效果。方法 选择300颗患牙（638个根管）随机分为ProTaper组和K锉组,分别用ProTaper机用镍钛锉和K锉进行根管预备,采用χ2检验比较根管预备后的疼痛反应、根管充填效果及器械分离情况。结果 ProTaper组根管预备后疼痛发生率为6.00%,较K锉组的根管预备后疼痛发生率（26.67%）少（P<0.01）,ProTaper组根管恰填率为93.77%,较K锉组（88.64%）高（P<0.05）,两组间的器械分离则无统计学差异（P＞0.05）。结论 ProTaper机用镍钛锉能有效降低根管预备后疼痛的发生和提高根管充填质量,而且较为安全。     

机用镍钛器械与手用不锈钢锉预备根管效果比较

目的评价机用ProTaper镍钛器械与手用K型不锈钢锉用于根管预备的临床效果。方法患者390例患牙407颗,以单双数字法随机分成2组,试验组患牙204颗414个根管采用机用ProTaper镍钛器械行冠向下技术预备根管,对照组患牙203颗416个根管采用手用K型不锈钢锉行逐步后退技术预备根管。2组均采用侧向加压法充填根管,治疗前后摄X线片。比较2组的根管预备时间、根管预备后充填效果。结果试验组每根管预备时间为（13.32±6.06）min,对照组每根管预备时间为（18.79±7.58）min,2组根管预备时间的差异有统计学意义（t=8.036,P〈0.001）。试验组与对照组相比,根管预备并发症发生率较低,根管预备后充填的根管形态好、适充率相对较高。结论机用ProTaper镍钛器械预备根管较手用K型不锈钢锉预备效果好。     

两种镍钛锉清除椭圆形弯曲单根管内充填物的效果评价

目的：评价两种镍钛器械清除椭圆形弯曲单根管内充填物的效果。方法75颗椭圆形弯曲单根管下颌前磨牙经Hero642镍钛器械根管预备后用热牙胶垂直加压充填,随机分为3组,分别以机用ProTaper Universal Retreatment( ProTaper UR)镍钛锉、机用Mtwo镍钛锉和手用不锈钢H锉去除根管内充填物,X线片法测量各组根管内颊舌向和近远中向根管充填物的残留量百分比,并记录操作时间。结果3组根管内均有根管充填物残留。ProTaper UR组和Mtwo组颊舌向(F=7.94,P<0.01)和近远中向(F=26.93,P<0.01)根管充填物残留量百分比、操作时间(F=37.6,P<0.01)均少于H锉组,但ProTaper UR组和Mtwo组间颊舌向(t=0.23,P=0.81)和近远中向(t=0.36,P=0.76)根管充填物残留量百分比和操作时间(t=41.35,P=0.08)的差异均无统计学意义。结论 ProTaper UR镍钛锉和Mtwo镍钛锉对椭圆形弯曲单根管内充填物的清除效果优于不锈钢H锉,且可缩短操作时间,但仍不能完全去除根管充填物。     

������ת������еԤ���������ܵ��ٴ�Ч���о�

目的    对比研究3种旋转镍钛器械ProFile、ProTaper和Mtwo在弯曲根管预备中的应用。方法    选择2008年2月至2010年2月在沈阳市口腔医院牙体牙髓病科就诊的69例有弯曲根管的牙髓炎或根尖周炎患者的72颗患牙,随机分为4组,分别采用ProFile、ProTaper、Mtwo和不锈钢K锉预备根管,侧方加压法充填。评价根管预备和充填的效果。结果    3种旋转镍钛器械均能较好地维持根管的弯曲度及走向,根管的锥度及流畅度佳,无根管偏移、台阶形成等并发症;术后疼痛少且程度轻;ProTaper和Mtwo的操作时间比ProFile短。结论    机用镍钛器械ProFile、ProTaper和Mtwo预备弯曲根管成形效果好,ProTaper和Mtwo比ProFile更快速高效;临床操作须注意预防器械折断。     

三种根管预备器械在老年人狭窄根管预备时推出根尖孔物质的体外对比研究

目的：比较手用不锈钢K锉、Protaper机用镍钛锉与Mtwo机用镍钛锉在离体老年人狭窄根管预备过程中推出根尖孔物质的质量。方法：将90颗60岁以上老年人狭窄单根管离体下颌中切牙随机分为3个组,每组30颗,分别用手用K锉,Protaper机用镍钛锉与Mtwo机用镍钛锉对离体老年人细窄根管进行预备。预备过程中观察从根尖孔推出的牙本质碎屑与液体,用预先称量的离心管收集,测量推出根尖孔液体的质量与牙本质碎屑的质量。结果：推出根尖孔外的牙本质碎屑及冲洗液的质量：Protaper机用镍钛锉组少于手用K锉组（P〈0.05）;Mtwo机用镍钛锉组少于手用K锉组（P〈0.05）;Mtwo机用镍钛锉组少于Protaper机用镍钛锉组,但差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：Mtwo机用镍钛锉与Protaper机用镍钛锉在离体老年人狭窄根管预备过程中推出根尖孔物质的质量均少于手用K锉。     

机用镍钛器械预备弯曲根管的临床应用

目的　研究机用镍钛器械ProFile、ProTaper和Hero 642在弯曲根管预备中的临床应用。方法　选取有弯曲 根管的牙髓炎或根尖周炎患牙80颗,分为A、B、C、D 4组,分别用ProFile、ProTaper、Hero 642和不锈钢K锉预备根管, 全部患牙均采用侧向加压法充填根管。根据X线片评价根管预备和充填的效果。结果　3种机用镍钛器械均能很 好地维持根管的弯曲度和走向,根管的锥度和流畅度佳,无根管偏移、根尖阻塞、台阶形成等并发症发生;术后疼痛 发生少且程度轻;ProTaper的操作时间比ProFile和Hero 642短;有2例镍钛器械折断。结论　机用镍钛器械ProFile、 ProTaper和Hero 642预备弯曲根管成形效果好,极少有根管内并发症发生,ProTaper比ProFile和Hero 642更快速高 效;临床操作中须注意预防器械折断。     

Efficacy of rotary instruments with greater taper in preparing oval root canals

Aim To compare the preparation quality of two rotary systems and NiTi‐hand files in oval root canals, and to evaluate the effect of canal dimensions on the preparation. Methodology Ninety roots with oval root canals were selected. The middle third was cross sectioned at two levels and photographed. The maximum and minimum diameters of the root and canal were recorded. Teeth were distributed in three groups (n = 30) using stratified randomization, and prepared under simulated clinical conditions with Mtwo, ProTaper, or NiTi‐hand files. The pre‐ and post‐preparation photographs were traced and superimposed, the thickness of dentine removed was measured and the ratio of prepared canal outline was calculated. The impact of preparation system and canal dimensions on the quality of the preparation was evaluated using regression analysis. Results With regards to the ratio of prepared canal outline, no statistical significant difference was found between Mtwo (0.75 [95%CI: 0.69; 0.81]) and ProTaper (0.75 [95%CI: 0.69; 0.80]), but both systems performed significantly better than NiTi‐hand files (0.65 [95%CI: 0.60; 0.71]). In six root canals in Mtwo‐group (20%), and eight root canals in ProTaper‐group (27%), the minimal thickness of dentine‐wall after preparation was less than 0.5 mm. In contrast to the maximum diameter of the root canal, the minimum diameter influenced the quality of the preparation (P = 0.0006). Conclusions No instrumentation technique was able to circumferentially prepare the oval outline of root canals. Nevertheless, instruments with greater taper (ProTaper and Mtwo) were more efficient than NiTi‐ hand files, but this was, in some cases, at the expense of remaining dentine‐wall thickness.     

Mtwo镍钛器械在弯曲树脂根管内成形能力的研究

目的 利用弯曲树脂根管研究Mtwo镍钛器械的成形能力。方法 使用机用Mtwo和ProTaper预备两组弯曲树脂根管,记录弯曲树脂根管切割量和弯曲度的变化,并对预备前后弯曲树脂根管形态学改变、根管宽度和弯曲度变化进行分析和比较。结果 两组机用镍钛器械在根管形态学、根管宽度和根管偏移方面无显著性差异。结论 Mtwo镍钛器械能够较好地完成弯曲树脂根管的预备。     

2种机用镍钛器械磨牙根管预备效果的临床观察

［摘要］ 目的比较2种机用镍钛器械Reciproc和Mtwo用于磨牙根管预备的效果。方法 选取因牙髓炎或根尖周炎需治疗的磨牙62例,随机分成R、M两组,其中R组32例,选用Reciproca进行根管预备,M组30例,选用Mtwo进行根管预备,采用热牙胶垂直加压充填技术进行充填。评价器械损耗、预备时间、预备效果。 结果 Reciproc无折断,Mtwo折断2支。预备时间：R组(15.45±3.16）min,M组(20.31±2.32) min,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05)。两组均未发生根管偏移,无根尖阻塞、台阶及侧壁穿孔等并发症。 结论 两种机用镍钛器械Reciproc和Mtwo用于磨牙根管预备,均能达到良好的效果,但Mtwo时间略长,并且要预防器械折断。     

Comparative Study of 6 Rotary Nickel-Titanium Systems and Hand Instrumentation for Root Canal Preparation in Severely Curved Root Canals of Extracted Teeth

IntroductionSome improvements have been developed with new generations of nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary instruments that led to their successful and extensive application in clinical practice. The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the root canal preparations performed by using GT Series X and Twisted File systems produced by innovative manufacturing process with Revo-S, RaCe, Mtwo, and ProTaper Universal systems manufactured directly from conventional nitinol and with stainless steel K-Flexofile instruments.MethodsThe mesiobuccal root canals of 140 maxillary first permanent molars that had between 30°–40° curvature angle and 4- to 9-mm curvature radius of the root canal were used. After root canal preparations made by using GT Series X, Twisted File, Revo-S, RaCe, Mtwo, and ProTaper Universal NiTi rotary systems and stainless steel K-Flexofile instruments, transportation occurred in the root canal, and alteration of working length (WL) was assessed by using a modified double-digital radiographic technique. The data were compared by the post hoc Tukey honestly significant difference test.ResultsNiTi rotary systems caused less canal transportation and alteration of WL than K-Flexofile instruments (P < .05). There was no significant difference between NiTi rotary system groups at any levels (P > .05) except 2.5 mm from the WL. At this level ProTaper Universal system caused significant canal transportation (P < .05).ConclusionsGT Series X and Twisted File rotary systems produced with innovative process were concluded to shape the curved canals to result in minimal canal transportation, similar to Revo-S, RaCe, Mtwo, and ProTaper Universal rotary systems manufactured by traditional methods.     

Root canal preparation with the NiTi systems K3, Mtwo and ProTaper

The aim of this paper was to examine the result of rotary root canal preparation with the nickel-titanium (NiTi) systems K3, ProTaper and Mtwo. One hundred and fifty curved artificial root canals and 60 mesial canals of human mandibular molars were selected. In the group of curved artificial canals, all canals were prepared to size 35/0.04 taper with the three systems. In the group of human mandibular molars, the teeth with mature root canals were radiographed with silver points inserted in bucco-lingual and in mesio-distal positions. In the artificial root group, one K3 instrument separated. Mtwo (20%) showed significantly (P = 0.003) less zips than K3 (46.9%) or ProTaper (50%). There were no significant differences in ledge and elbow formation. K3 and Mtwo had the lowest percentage of canal transportation. There was no significant difference regarding the preparation length or the condition of the apical foramina following the preparation. Canals prepared with K3 (26.5%) were significantly (P < 0.001) less tapered than ProTaper (62%) and Mtwo (82%). In the human mandibular molar group, one Mtwo and one ProTaper instrument separated. No significant differences were found in the preparation length, transportation or taper. The three systems tested, K3, Mtwo and ProTaper, achieved good preparation results.