金香丹对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤的防护作用

目的 :观察金香丹对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤的影响。方法 :采用结扎左冠状动脉前降支 30min后再灌注 6 0min的方法 ,建立在体大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤模型。实验共设五组 :假手术组、模型组、地奥心血康组、金香丹大剂量组、金香丹小剂量。测定心肌组织丙二醛 (MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)活性、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GSH Px)活性 ;血清肌酸激酶 (CK)及乳酸脱氢酶 (LDH)活性水平。结果 :模型组MDA、CK及LDH显著增高 ;而SOD及GSH Px则显著降低 (与假手术组比较 ,P <0 .0 1)。金香丹组不同程度地降低MDA含量 ,提高SOD和GSH Px活性 ,降低血清CK和LDH水平。结论 :金香丹对缺血再灌注心肌有保护作用     

曲美他嗪对大鼠缺血再灌注心肌线粒体的保护作用

目的探讨曲美他嗪(trimetazidine,TMZ)对缺血再灌注损伤(RI)心肌线粒体的保护作用及其机制.方法50只雄性SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、等渗盐水组和药物组(TMZ 5 mg/kg组及TMZ 10 mg/kg组)共四组,假手术组只剖胸,不结扎冠状动脉.余三组制作RI模型,缺血前分别静脉注射TMZ(5 mg/kg或10 mg/kg)或等量等渗盐水,在缺血30 min及再灌注40 min时测定RI区心肌线粒体丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)及总钙浓度,并通过电镜观察心肌超微结构改变.结果与假手术组相比,等渗盐水组及药物组线粒体中的MDA及总钙显著增高(P＜0.01),SOD、GSH及GSH-PX显著降低(均P＜0.01);与等渗盐水组比较,药物组的MDA及总钙水平显著降低(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),SOD、GSH及GSH-PX显著增高(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).结论TMZ能减轻缺血再灌注心肌线粒体的脂质过氧化损伤,其机制可能是通过提高线粒体内GSH含量及SOD、GSH-PX活性,增强其抗氧化能力,并通过减轻线粒体内钙聚积在细胞水平提供心肌保护作用.     

前列腺素E1联合黄芪对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤的作用

目的：观察前列腺素E1（PGE1）与黄芪（AM）两药合用对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。方法：建立大鼠心肌缺血再灌注模型，结扎冠状动脉左室支30min后在松扎的同时分别给予等容量生理盐水（模型对照组）、PGE1（PGE1组）、AM（AM组）及PGE1＋AM（PGE1＋AM组）60min。用黄嘌呤氧化酶法及硫代巴比妥酸法测定两药单用及半量合用对再灌注心肌组织中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH－Px)活力，丙二醛（MDA）、Ca^2 含量及血清肌酸磷酸激酶同功酶（CK－MB）含量和心律失常情况的影响。结果：与模型对照组及AM组相比，两药合用可显著提高再灌注心肌组织中SOD、GSH－Px活力（P＜0．01－0．05），降低MDA、Ca^2 含量及血清CK－MB含量（P＜0．01－0．05）；显著减轻再灌注室性心律失常（P＜0．01）。结论：PGE1与AM合用在保护心肌缺血再灌注损伤中有显著的协同作用，其保护作用主要与清除自由基有关。     

美托洛尔在大鼠心肌缺血-再灌注损伤中的抗氧化作用

目的探讨美托洛尔在大鼠心肌缺血-再灌注损伤（ischemia reperfusioninjury，IRI）中的抗氧化作用。方法采用结扎左冠状动脉前降支30min，再灌注120min的方法建立大鼠心肌IRI模型。将24只Wistar大鼠随机分为假手术组、美托洛尔实验组和对照组3组，每组8只。连续监测肢体Ⅱ导联心电图，记录给药前、给药15min、缺血15min、缺血30min及再灌注30min、120min时的心率；测定再灌注末血清丙二醛（mMondiMdehyde，MDA）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（glutathione pemxidase，GSH—Px）的含量。结果美托洛尔可使再灌注末血清中MDA显著降低（P〈0.05），GSH—Px活性显著升高（P〈0．05）。结论美托洛尔在大鼠心肌IRI中具有抗氧化作用。     

电针对心肌缺血再灌注损伤家兔自由基系统的影响

结扎60min之后再松开冠状动脉左前降支，造成家兔心肌缺血再灌注损伤模型，针刺内关、神门穴，并观察其血中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH－Px)、丙二醛（MDA）的变化。结果表明：与模型组相比，电针显著提高血中SOD、GSH－Px活性，减少MDA的生成。提示针刺对心肌缺血再灌注损伤有明显的保护作用。     

API_(0134)对缺血一再灌注心肌氧自由基和钙超负荷的作用

在犬急性心肌缺血一再灌注模型上，结扎冠状动脉左前降支（LAD）90min后，行再灌注120min。发现缺血区心肌组织超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH－Px）活性降低，丙二醛（MDA）含量增加（均为P＜0．05）；Na 、Ca(2 )含量明显增加，K 含量及K ／Na 比值显著降低（均为P＜0．01）。再灌注前45min静脉给予API(0134)，则见相应的缺血区SOD、GSH－Px活性。K 含量及K ／Na 比值高于对照组（P＜0．05或P＜0．01），而MDA和Na 、Ca(2 )含量明显低于对照组。说明API(0134)能防治再灌注损伤，这与它减轻氧自由基的危害，降低组织钙超负荷有关。     

复方灯盏花滴丸对大鼠心肌缺血-再灌注保护作用的研究

目的：观察复方灯盏花滴丸对缺血—再灌注过程心肌的保护作用。方法：采用结扎左冠状动脉法，与假手术组、缺血—再灌注组、复方丹参滴丸组相对比，研究了复方灯盏花滴丸对大鼠心肌缺血—再灌注过程超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH—Px)、丙二醛(MDA)、钙离子(Ca^2 )含量的影响。结果：复方灯盏花滴丸显著提高了再灌注心肌的SOD、GSH—Px活力(P＜O．01)，显著降低了心肌中MDA和Ca^2 含量(P＜0．05)。结论：复方灯盏花滴丸对心肌缺血—再灌注损伤具有一定的保护作用，该保护作用的机制可能与清除自由基功能和减轻钙超载有关。     

益母草注射液治疗兔心肌缺血再灌注损伤的机制探讨

该文报导益母草注射液对兔心肌缺血再灌注损伤的治疗作用。30只兔均分为假手术组、对照组和治疗组。治疗组兔于缺血20min时静滴益母革注射液（1．5ml／kg，30ml）10min，与对照组比较，可使LVEDP和心电图抬高的ST段显著下降，LVSP和±dp／dtmax均明显回升；再灌注心肌中的CK、AST、LDH－L、α-HBDH、GSH－PX、SOD、ATP酶的活性均显著高于对照组，MDA和Ca2 含量则明显低于对照组。结果显示，益母草注射液对兔心肌缺血再灌注损伤有明显治疗作用，其机理与益母草保护心肌中SOD、GSH－PX、ATP酶活性，减轻氧自由基对心肌组织的损害，减少心肌细胞内心肌酶的逸出，以及减轻心肌细胞钙超载有关。     

绞股蓝总皂甙对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤的影响

目的：观察绞股蓝总皂甙对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤的影响。方法L采用结扎左冠状动脉前降支30min后再灌注40min的方法，建立在体大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤模型，实验分假手术组（sham）、缺血再灌注组（IR）、GP1（100mg/kg）组、GP2（50mg/kg)组和丹参（100mg/kg)组。测定心肌组织丙二醛（MDA）含量，超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性；血清肌酸激酶（CK）及血浆一氧化氮（NO）、内皮素（ET）水平。结果：IR组MDA、CK及ET显著增高，而SOD及NO则显著降低（与假手术组比，P＜0．01）。GP能显著降低心肌组织MDA，血清CK及血浆ET值，明显提高心肌SOD与血浆NO水平（与IR组比，P＜0．01），促进NO／ET比值恢复平衡，。结论：GP通过抑制脂质过氧化反应和ET释放，提高SOD活性及促进NO生成，对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤具有保护作用。     

芦荟多糖预处理对兔心肌缺血再灌注损伤保护作用的研究

目的 从细胞保护角度出发,探讨芦荟多糖抗兔心肌缺血再灌注损伤（MIRI）的保护作用。方法 将40只新西兰兔随机分为5组(每组8只),即假手术组（A组）、缺血再灌注组（B组）、复方丹参组（C组）、芦荟多糖低剂量组（D组）、芦荟多糖高剂量组（E组）。测定兔血清在各有关时点血清乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、肌酸激酶（CK）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的活力及丙二醛（MDA）的浓度,在光镜下观察心肌病理形态学变化。结果 B组在缺血30min及再灌注后LDH及CK活力及MDA含量均明显增加,SOD的活力显著降低,与A组比较有非常显著差异（P＜0.01）;C、D、E组在相应时段均有明显抑制LDH、CK生成,降低MDA含量及提高SOD活力的作用,尤其是E组的作用更加明显;E组与D组的作用比较具有显著性差异（P＜0.05）。光学显微镜镜检表明,B、C、D、E组心肌组织均有损伤,尤其以B组最为严重,E组的心肌损伤最轻。结论 芦荟多糖可明显减少心肌缺血再灌注损伤过程中心肌酶如LDH、CK的释放,减少缺血及再灌注时血清MDA的产生,提高血清SOD活性,表明对缺血心肌和心肌缺血再灌注损伤具有保护作用。 【关键词】 芦荟多糖 心肌缺血 再灌注损伤     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.