鼓室硬化症手术疗效分析

目的 介绍鼓室硬化症的手术方法,探讨不同手术方法 与疗效的关系.方法 回顾性分析481耳鼓室硬化症患者的临床资料.481耳均按硬化灶部位的不同清除病灶并进行听骨链重建术.出院1～3个月后复查1次,以后6个月～1年随访1次,以最后1次为随访结果 （取0.5、1.0、2.0、4.0 kHz语言频率均数）.结果 481耳手术...     

鼓室硬化镫骨固定的手术方法探讨

目的　探讨镫骨固定的鼓室硬化患者的手术治疗方法。方法　2016年2月～2018年2月在南昌大学第一附属医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科住院并完成镫骨手术的45例（45耳）镫骨固定的鼓室硬化患者,根据情况分别采用镫骨撼动术、镫骨底板钻孔活塞术和镫骨切除术3种手术方法治疗,分别比较手术前及手术后3个月、术后2年4个频率（500、1000、2000、4000 Hz）的平均气骨导差。结果　45例患者中,行镫骨撼动术30耳,镫骨底板钻孔活塞术11耳,镫骨切除术4耳,术后3个月手术成功率分别为56.7%、72.7%及50%,术后2年手术成功率分别为16.7%、72.7%及50%。结论　对镫骨固定的鼓室硬化患者,应分期手术,对保留锤骨柄或保留锤骨和砧骨的患者,二期手术应选择镫骨底板钻孔活塞术,对没有保留锤骨柄的患者,二期手术应选择行镫骨切除和全人工钛听骨植入术,镫骨撼动术远期效果差,应尽量少采用。     

鼓室硬化的治疗

鼓室硬化是指中耳黏膜下层或鼓膜固有层中弹性纤维透明样变性,是中耳黏膜慢性炎症或反复急性炎症的终末反应。早在1869年Troltsch首先描述了该病,其病因不清,有研究发现可能与遗传、动脉粥样硬化、高钙血症等有关。鼓室硬化的发病机制也不甚清楚,但有一点是达成共识的,即鼓室硬     

鼓室成形术治疗不同类型鼓室硬化患者的近期疗效分析

目的探讨鼓室成形术治疗不同类型鼓室硬化患者的近期疗效。方法回顾性分析2008年2月至2011年2月间有完整资料且随访半年以上、经鼓室成形术治疗的33例鼓室硬化患者(I型8例,II型9例,III型2例,IV型14例)的临床资料,其中8例行鼓室探查+鼓膜成形术,25例行开放式乳突根治+鼓室成形术,以言语频率气导平均听力改善15dB以上或达应用听力水平为手术成功标准,评估其疗效。结果 33例患者术前言语频率气导平均听阈为54.09±9.76dB HL;术后半年随访时平均听阈为38.85±8.42dB HL,总手术成功率为63.64%(21/33),其中鼓室探查+鼓膜成形术8例中4例(50%)手术成功,开放式乳突根治+鼓室成形术25例中17例(68%)手术成功。结论鼓室成形术是治疗鼓室硬化的有效手术方法,开放式乳突根治+鼓室成形术能有效清除听骨链周围不同范围的硬化灶。     

手术治疗鼓室硬化症

目的　介绍鼓室硬化症的手术方法及手术体会。方法　回顾性分析152耳鼓室硬化症患者的临床资料,152耳均清除全部或部分硬化灶,并进行听骨链重建,出院 3个月后复查1次,6个月～1年内复查第2次,以最后1次作为随访结果（取0.5、1.0、2.0、4.0 kHz语言频率均数）。结果  以术后气导听力提高15 dB且气骨导差小于20 dB视为成功,以术后气导听力提高15 dB视为有效,成功率为46.7%,有效率为71.1%。结论　手术治疗鼓室硬化症的疗效可靠,应成为主要治疗手段。同期听骨链重建的患者采用切除砧骨、锤骨头、听小骨植入的III型鼓室成形术,二期采用镫骨底板切除、全人工听骨植入术后听力优于底板打孔、人工镫骨植入术后听力。     

鼓室硬化类型与手术疗效(附40例临床分析)

目的 探讨硬化灶累及中耳部位与术前听力损失类型的关系、不同手术方式治疗鼓室硬化症的效果。方法 回顾性分析40例鼓室硬化患者术前资料,术中病灶记录,评估术后听力改善水平。结果 传导性耳聋的病例中最常见病灶侵及上鼓室、锤砧关节周围,而混合性耳聋的病例中病灶累及鼓岬的概率明显高于传导性耳聋的病例。术后气骨导间距小于20dB 18耳,成功率40%,Ⅰ型鼓室硬化症术后听力改善最显著(P＜0.05)。结论 听力损失的性质与硬化灶的范围及累及中耳的部位直接相关。手术处理是治疗鼓室硬化症的主要手段,手术方式则根据病变累及的范围和程度决定。     

手术治疗鼓室硬化症67耳

为了进一步讨论鼓室硬化症的手术效果，报告对鼓室硬化症６７耳行鼓室成型临床手术成功率为７２．９％，其中Ⅰ型与Ⅱ，Ⅲ型术后听力的改善率无显著差别。     

鼓室成形术后镫骨足板切除术

鼓室成形术后行镫骨足板切除术的报道少见 ,该作者回顾 10年来有鼓室成形术病史镫骨足板切除术者 14例 (期间行镫骨足板切除术 4 6 78例 ) ,研究详细的描述了手术方法和术后短期、长期的听力情况 ,并且和单纯镫骨足板切除术的听力结果比较。手术前后气骨导阈值均选用 5 0 0、10 0 0、2 0 0 0、 4 0 0 0 Hz测试。所有的病人都因慢性中耳炎 (COM)行 期鼓室成形术 ,平均 2 6个月后行镫骨足板切除术。该组病人的听力损失均较大 ,术后纯音测听值 (PTA)平均提高 36 .9d B,80 %的病人气骨导差值 (ABG)减少至 2 0 d B以内 ,均有统计学差别。长…     

鼓室硬化手术治疗进展

鼓室硬化系中耳慢性炎症后遗的黏膜或黏骨膜退行性病变,是引起传导性聋的一种常见原因。早期对鼓室硬化是否采用手术治疗存在争议,但近年来随着鼓室成形术的广泛开展,特别是人工听骨赝复物中部分听骨赝复物(partial os-sicular replacement prosthesis,PORP)和全部听骨赝复物(t     

鼓室硬化症鼓室成型术25例临床分析

目的：总结手术治疗鼓室硬化症的临床经验。方法：回顾性总结2001年11月至2005年2月我科经治的25例鼓室硬化症临床资料。手术均在全麻显微镜下采用剥除硬化灶,修补鼓膜或加听骨链重建行Ⅰ期鼓室成型术。采用颞肌筋膜修补鼓膜,以自体乳突骨皮质或陶瓷人工听骨重建听骨链。结果：病灶侵及鼓膜、鼓岬、砧锤骨、镫骨及周围,均呈板障型乳突,无并发胆脂瘤。听力提高15?dB以上24例（96%）,术后4例有眩晕。结论：尽量清除硬化灶,形成宽大的鼓室,并重建鼓膜和听骨链,手术疗效与病灶影响听骨链程度有关,精确、熟练的耳显微外科技术是成功的关键。     

Hearing results of surgery for tympanosclerosis

Between January 1990 and December 2003, 117 patients were surgically treated for tympanosclerosis at a tertiary referral center. The objective of our study was to review the hearing results in this cohort. The patients were divided into three groups: predominant involvement of tympanic membrane (33 cases), predominant fixation of malleus or/and incus (72 cases), and stapedial fixation (12 cases). Preoperative and postoperative air–bone gap (ABG), and pure tone average (PTA) were compared after short-term and long-term follow-up, and statistical significance was determined. After surgery, air–bone gap was improved by 11.7 dB after short-term, and by 10.9 dB after long-term observation period. The improvement of ABG was not significantly different between the groups. Pure tone average (PTA) was improved by 15.2 dB in short-term period, with decrease of results in the long-term follow-up to 10.3 dB. Successful hearing result as judged by ABG was obtained in 66.7% with affected tympanic membrane, in 65.3% with malleus or/and incus fixation, and in 50.0% with stapedial fixation. Statistical analysis confirmed significant improvement of hearing for all groups. Highly significant difference was noted for low frequency ABG (0.5, 1, and 2 kHz). Hearing improvement on ABG was preserved after long-term observation. No significant sensorineural hearing loss was seen in this series. Surgery for tympanosclerosis results in significant improvement of ABG and PTA. Most of the improvement is obtained in lower frequencies. Long-term results are comparable to short-term results, with slight hearing deterioration in stapedial fixation.     

粘连性中耳炎手术疗效分析

目的　分析观察多种措施治疗粘连性中耳炎的效果。方法　 1999年 7月— 2 0 0 3年 12月间 ,对 2 13耳手术综合采取了盾板重建修复、自体骨制作臼柱或枪柱状听骨、鼓索神经弹压置入听骨、可吸收网片作隔离物预防再粘连等多种技术 ,并连续观察随访 ,对到 2 0 0 4年 5月 31日随访时间达到 12个月以上的 10 8例 (12 0耳 )进行疗效分析。其中男 4 5例 ,女 6 3例 ,双耳 12例。平均年龄 4 8 9岁。有胆脂瘤根治手术史 (根治后组 ) 2 0耳 ,并发胆脂瘤 (胆脂瘤组 )的 4 6耳 ,无胆脂瘤也没有根治史的粘连性中耳炎 (其他组 ) 5 4耳 ,其中包括合并钙化、骨化 6耳。结果　 12 0耳术前平均气骨导差为(38 6 0± 12 70 )dB ,术后为 (15 2 8± 11 6 9)dB ,配对t检验 ,t=2 1 2 4 ,t0 0 1=2 6 0 <2 1 2 4 ,P <0 0 1。术后气骨导差小于 2 0dB的成功者为 84耳 (70 % ) ,小于 10dB接近闭合的最佳效果为 4 8耳 (40 % ) ,其中胆脂瘤组是 2 2耳 (48% ) ,根治后组是 5耳 (2 5 % ) ,其他组是 2 1耳 (39% )。术后气导听阈小于 4 0dB实用水平的是 83耳 (70 % ) ,术后气骨导差缩小达 30dB以上的显效者 33耳 (2 7 5 % )。术后气骨导差缩小大于 15dB或气导听阈小于 4 0dB的有效者为 10 5耳 (87 5 % )。气骨导差减小少于 10dB ,气导听     

Surgical treatment of tympanosclerosis

Tympanosclerosis as a cause of conductive hearing loss may require corrective surgery in carefully selected cases, although results of treatment have been controversial and must be viewed with caution. Currently available surgical techniques are reviewed and outcomes discussed.     

鼓室硬化症的手术治疗(附136例病例分析)

目的介绍我们对鼓室硬化症的手术方法，分析不同手术治疗方法与效果的关系。方法136例鼓室硬化症病人按Wielinga等的分类方法分成四型：Ⅰ型4l例，Ⅱ型49例，Ⅲ型36例，Ⅳ型10例。鼓膜完整者56例，鼓膜干性穿孔者54例，鼓膜穿孔伴耳流脓者26例。手术前常规进行纯音测听和中耳分析，得出各型不同情况下的气骨导差均值。硬化灶的手术处理分为：（1）对Ⅰ型病例适度剔除鼓膜上的硬化灶；（2）对Ⅱ型病例多数采用单纯剔除硬化灶＋撼动听骨链的方法。少数病人切除砧骨和锤骨头，用人工听骨重建听骨链；（3）Ⅲ型和Ⅳ型病例，一律将砧骨和锤骨头切除，清除上鼓室病灶，采用PORP或TORP重建听骨链。对镫骨底板不活动的病例，采用特氟隆活塞型人工镫骨重建听骨连接；对于镫骨底板不活动而炎症尚未控制者。行二期镫骨小窗手术。结果由于术后流脓以及听骨赝复物脱出等原因，总失败率为10．29％。剔除失败病例后，术后1年的纯音测听结果与术前比较有明显改善：Ⅰ型病例气骨导差平均改善13．75dB，Ⅱ型平均改善22．93dB，Ⅲ型和Ⅳ型平均改善29．14dB，所有病例听力均恢复到实用水平。结论手术处理是治疗鼓室硬化症的主要手段，手术方式则根据病变累及的范围和程度决定。根据我们的资料，对Ⅱ型以上的鼓室硬化症均可采用听骨赝复物重建听骨链，且采用人工听骨赝复的远期效果较好。     

Current considerations in the etiology and diagnosis of tympanosclerosis

Current concepts of formation of tympanosclerosis in the middle ear are reviewed, as are various clinical considerations. Ultrastructural changes are discussed. A differential diagnosis includes disorders affecting middle ear sound conduction, with the most prevalent involving otosclerosis and cholesteatoma.     

Evaluation of the polymorphism in the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) genes of tympanosclerosis patients

Objective

Although eardrum perforations which endure etiopathogenesis for a long-time and middle ear infections are proposed for causing the tympanosclerosis (TS), tympanosclerosis emerges in some chronic otitis media (COM), some of them do not appear although a continuing COM and enduring perforation last. In this study, the effect of the molecular reasons which display genetic differences in TS formation is evaluated; our aim is to determine the Asp299Gly polymorphism frequencies in the TLR4 gene of patients with TS who have COM, and patients who do not.

Materials and methods

Patients who have undergone COM surgery, were divided into two groups of 50 persons who were selected in accordance with the fact, whether they had TS in their middle ear cavity or not during operation. 100 healthy persons who had similar demographic data, were evaluated as the control group. The DNA isolation was executed by using standard methods with peripheric blood specimen of the diseased group and control group. The Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism method was used in determining the Asp299Gly allel in the TLR4 gene. Items of 249 bc for the wild tip (Asp) post-restriction enzyme segment wild tip (Asp) allel, and 23 bc and 196 bc post-restriction enzyme segment polymorphic allel (Gly) were obtained.

Results

TLR4 Asp299Gly polymorphism (10%) was asserted in a total of five specimens in the diseased group with TS. TLR4 Asp299Gly polymorphism was found positive in only one (2%) of the 50 phenomenons in the group without TS. TLR4 Asp299Gly polymorphism was found positive in six (6%) of the 100 phenomenons in the control group. The positive polymorphism in phenomenons with TS was significant in accordance with statistics, when compared with the group without TS (p < 0.05). However, although the polymorphism rates were higher than the rates of the control group, it was not statistically significant (p > 0.05).

Conclusion

TS may not appear in many patients who had undergone middle ear infection, and had perforation for many years. The polymorphism in arteriosclerosis in the TLR4 gene which caused the inflammatory cytokines oscillation recognize the bacterial LPS, was also accused. It is engrossing to find out from the results of our study on a restricted number of patients, and on only one gene, that molecular reasons which display genetic differences can also be effective in forming TS. Serial researches of greater dimensions are required.