《解放军药学学报》2003年第19卷关键词索引

(按汉语拼音字母顺序排列 )A5 脂氧合酶抑制剂　 5 脂氧合酶抑制剂对黑色素瘤细胞产生金属蛋白酶的抑制作用 (王寅等 )R96(A) 19( 5 ) :3 2 16,7-二甲氧基香豆素　HPLC法测定复方茵陈薄膜衣片中 6,7-二甲氧基香豆素含量 (李仙义等 )R917(A) 19( 3 ) :176Ca2 + 　胍丁胺抗抑郁作用的研究 (龚正华 )R965 (A) 19( 6) :417Excel软件　Excel在测定药物制剂溶出度参数数据处理中的应用(胡祥珍等 )TB115 ;R92 7.1(A) 19( 1) :74GC MS　GC MS法鉴定银柴胡挥发油的化学成分 (孙艳等 )R92 7(A)19( 6) :473GC MS　超临界CO2 萃取 -分子…     

若干香豆素衍生物对小鼠抗辐射作用的研究

本文报道了9个香豆素衍生物对小鼠的抗辐射作用。其中4-甲基-6-烯丙基-7-乙酰氧基香豆素(8211),4,5′-二甲基呋喃并香豆素(8214),4-甲基-7-羟基-8-烯丙基香豆素(8216),4-甲基-7-乙酰氧基-8-烯丙基香豆素(8224)和补骨脂素(即呋喃并香豆素,8406)于照前给药有抗放作用,而8211,8216和8224照后给药亦有效。8224照前给药对骨髓型辐射损伤的剂量减低系数(DRF)为1.24,对肠型损伤小鼠能提高照后7天活存率26％;照后给药对骨髓型损伤小鼠可提高活存率60％。这类化合物对造血组织的辐射损伤亦有显著的保护作用。     

中药鬼针草化学成分的研究

目的研究鬼针草的化学成分。方法采用80%乙醇渗漉提取,硅胶、SephadexLH-20等柱层析方法进行分离纯化,通过化学反应和光谱方法鉴定其化学结构。结果从鬼针草中得到3,5-双咖啡酰奎宁酸甲酯（1）,奥卡宁4＇-O-β-D-（2＇＇,4＇＇,6＇＇-三乙酰基）-葡萄糖苷（2）,3＇,4＇-二甲氧基槲皮素（3）,3,5-二羟基-3＇,5＇-二甲氧基黄酮-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（4）,7,8,3＇,4＇-四羟基二氢黄酮醇（5）,7,8-二羟基香豆素（6）,5,8,4＇-三羟基黄酮-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（7）。结论以上化合物均为首次从鬼针草属中分离得到。     

HPLC法测定滇西产金丝桃属植物中金丝桃素的含量

目的：测定生长于云南西部的7种金丝桃属植物中金丝桃素（hypericin)的含量，并考察其分布。方法：采用HPLC法，使用ODS色谱法，流动相B：甲醇－乙腈－乙酸（50：50：0．5），A：乙腈（B：A＝6：4）检测波长590mm。结果：回归方程：C＝0．5211S－0．04988，r=0.99998,加样回收率102．7％，7种滇西产金丝桃属植物中有3种含金丝桃素。结论：本实验建立的方法适用于分析金丝桃属植物中金丝桃素含量，具有良好的重现性及精密度。     

4-羟基香豆素稀土化合物的合成及性质

为了进一步研究具有抗凝作用的４羟基香豆素与稀土离子的协同作用，丰富金属有机化学，为寻找更好的抗凝药物提供依据，合成了４—羟基香豆素稀土化合物。１　材料与方法１１　试剂　稀土氧化物，纯度大于９９．９％，自制。其它试剂均为分析纯。１２　仪器　１１０６元素分析仪，ＤＤＳ１１Ａ电导率仪，Ｎｉｃ５Ｄｘ红外光谱仪，ＵＶ２４０紫外分光光度计；ＸＤ３ＡＸｒａｙ粉末衍射仪，Ｄｕｐｏｎｔ１０９０热重分析仪。１３　化合物合成　４羟基香豆素用氢氧化钠溶解，盐酸调节ｐＨ为３，按摩尔比Ｍ：ＨＬ＝１：３混…     

1286例小儿心脏直视手术的体外循环研究

对本院1981—2002年1286例年龄≤5岁的小儿心脏直视手术的体外循环(ECC)情况进行回顾性分析，将其按时间段分为两组。组I(1981—1997)为管道不定型组(n＝883)，ECC管道是临时改装的，直径及长度均不等，膜肺使用率17．2％。组Ⅱ(1998—2002)为管道定型组(n＝403)，ECC选择配置成型的婴幼儿管道，直径6mm，长度100cm，膜肺使用率76．2％。两组患儿的临床资料均衡，有良好的可比性(P＞0．05)。结果显示，组Ⅱ与组Ⅰ相比，ECC中晶体预充量和全血预充量以及总液量显著降低(P＜0．01)，术后呼吸机辅助时间和住ICU时间明显缩短(P＜0．05)，引流量减少(P＜0．05)。虽然组Ⅱ的预充血量明显减少，由于规范了ECC管道，两组相比稀释度没有显著差异(P＞0．05)。细Ⅰ死亡17例(1.9％)，组Ⅱ死亡6例(1.5％)。提示采用规范的体外循环管道、选用优质婴幼儿膜肺以及减少预充量是婴幼儿体外循环管理的关键。     

高效液相色谱法测定赤丹退黄颗粒中丹参酮ⅡA的含量

目的 建立赤丹退黄颗粒中丹参酮ⅡA的含量测定方法。方法 HPLC法，phenomenex(Luna)C18分析柱；甲醇—水(75：25)为流动相；检测波长270nm。结果 丹参酮ⅡA回归方程为Area=5016.18Amt.-2.1650,r=0.9998(n=6)，在0．04-1.0μg范围内呈线性关系，平均回收率为102．9％，RSD为1．07％。结论 方法简便、准确、快速，可作为该制剂的定量方法。     

~(99m)Tc-MIBI肺心摄取比值在评价左心室收缩功能中的临床价值

本文旨在探讨99mTc－MIBI肺心摄取比值在评价左心室收缩功能中的临床价值。材料和方法：对145例（34例正常人，70例心绞痛，41例心肌梗塞）受检者，行99mTc－MIBI心肌灌注断层显像的同时测定肺、心区放射性计数比值（LHR），并与核素心室显像方法测得的左室射血分数（LVEF）进行相关分析。结果：正常对照组、冠心病组的LHR和LVEF分别为0．41±0，07、58．7％±9．4％和0．49±0．08、41．2％±7．4％。15例接受PTCA治疗者术后与术前的LHR和LVEF差值分别为△LHR＝－0．03±0．07、△LVEF＝5．6％±8．7％。LHR与LVEF的相关分析结果为：LVEF≥50％者，相关系数r＝－0．694（p＜0．05），LVEF＜50％、≥35％者，r＝－0．644（P＜0．05）；LVEF＜35％者，r＝－0．716（p＜0．01）；上述三级的LHR敏感性分别为74．5％、78．1％、94．7％。结论：LHR简便、易行．在评价心肌血流变化的同时，可对心肌收缩功能及其变化做出评估，为临床提供有意义的参考信息。     

99Tcm-DMSA肾皮质显像诊断小儿肾发育不良

目的 探讨^99Tc^m—二巯基丁二酸(DMSA)肾皮质显像诊断小儿肾发育不良的价值。方法 疑为肾发育不良患儿29例，行常规^99Tc^m—DMSA肾皮质显像和腹部B超检查。图像分析：将发育不良肾分为0～4级。结果 ^99Tc^m—DMSA肾皮质显像示29例患儿中24例为单侧肾发育不良，其中11例1级，7例2级，6例3级，余5例患肾未显影为0级，结合其他：检查诊断为肾发育不良。患肾分肾功能为0～24．9％(平均6．3％)。29例患儿中24例患肾肾皮质显像诊断为肾发育不良，5例患肾未显影，由其他影像学方法确诊，诊断灵敏度为82．76％。29例中19例经手术治疗，病理检查证实为肾发育不良。结论 ^99Tc^m—DMSA肾皮质显像诊断肾发育不良灵敏度高、可靠，可确定发育不良肾部位和判断肾功能。     

18F-FDG PET/CT双时相显像对孤立性肺结节的诊断价值

目的探讨^18F-脱氧葡萄糖（FDG）PET／CT双时相显像对孤立性肺结节（SPN）的诊断价值。方法31例SPN待查患者行^18F—FDGPET／CT双时相显像，计算标准摄取值（SUV），随访时间5～17个月。结果19例患者（61．3％）有病理学诊断结果，其余为临床诊断。肺癌患者结节的延迟相平均SUV明显高于早期相，早期相和延迟相最大SUV间无差异；单纯以平均SUV变化幅度[ASUV平均=（SUV延迟-SUV早期）／SUV早期×100％]≥15％为诊断肺癌的标准，灵敏度为81．8％，特异性为77．8％，准确性为80．6％；PET／CT综合的诊断灵敏度为95．5％，特异性为85．7％，准确性为87．1％。单纯以ASUV平均≥15％为标准，诊断肺癌的阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为90．0％和63．6％；以ASUV平均≥15％伴结节放射性高于纵隔血池为标准，阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为93．3％和85．7％。结论^18F—FDGPET／CT双时相显像鉴别诊断SPN的良恶性有一定的临床价值，其与临床表现结合诊断准确性较高。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.