共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
Shamay S.M. Ng Patrick W.H. Kwong Michael S.P. Chau Isaac C.Y. Luk Sam S. Wan Shirley S.M. Fong 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2015,27(6):1755-1759
The five times-sit-to stand test (FTSTS) is a clinical test which is commonly used to
assessed the functional muscle strength of the lower limbs of older adults. The aim of
this study was to examine the effect of different arm positions and foot placements on the
FTSTS completion times of older female adults. [Subjects and Methods] Twenty-nine healthy
female subjects, aged 63.1±5.3 years participated in this cross-sectional study. The times
required to complete the FTSTS with 3 different arm positions (hands on thighs, arms
crossed over chest, and an augmented arm position with the arms extended forward) and 2
foot placements (neutral and posterior) were recorded. The interaction effect and main
effect of arm positions and foot placements were examined using a 3 (arm position) × 2
(foot placement) two-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). [Results] There
was no interaction effect among the 3 arm positions in the 2 foot placements. A
significant main effect was identified for foot placement, but not arm position. Posterior
foot placement led to a shorter FTSTS time compared to that of normal foot placement.
[Conclusion] With the same arm position, FTSTS completion times with posterior foot
placement tended to be shorter. Therefore, the standard foot placement should be used for
FTSTS administration.Key words: Outcomes, Standing, Rehabilitation 相似文献
2.
Jeheon Moon Insik Shin Myoungsoo Kang Yeonghun Kim Kunwoo Lee Jaewoo Park Kyungnam Kim Daehie Hong Dohoon Koo David O'sullivan 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2013,25(10):1299-1301
The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in muscle activation
patterns of the biceps brachii (BB) and flexor carpi radialis (FCR) muscles, while
measuring the resultant force (RF) at different shoulder flexion angles. [Subjects]
Thirteen healthy males (age 24.85±3.4 years, weight; 77.8±7.9 kg; height, 1.7±0.05 m) were
enrolled in this study. [Methods] The resultant force was measured by a force transducer .
The elbow angle remained constant and the flexion shoulder angle was changed (30°, 45°,
60°, 75° and 90°). [Results] The results of the surface EMG show the largest muscle
activities occurred at a shoulder flexion of 75° for BB and 90° for FCR. The largest
resultant force was measured at a shoulder flexion angle of 75°. We conclude, that when
performing the biceps curl exercise using an arm curl machine, the shoulder should be
flexed at 75° to maximize the focus of the exercise for the BB. [Conclusion] These results
are useful from the perspective of design as they highlight the differences in the muscle
activation of BB and FCR with postural change. Ultimately this knowledge can be used in
the design of rehabilitation training for the shoulder as they show that posture can
affect muscle activation. 相似文献
3.
Objective
The purpose of this study was to evaluate sonoelastography (SE) in the assessment of the long head of biceps tendon (LHBT) in patients with symptoms of biceps tendinitis or tendinosis and in patients without biceps lesion. The findings were compared with those obtained at clinical examination, using ultrasonography (US).Materials and methods
36 shoulders of 34 consecutively registered patients with clinical symptoms and US findings of biceps tendinitis or tendinosis, and 114 shoulders of 98 patients without biceps lesions were assessed with SE. Transverse and longitudinal images of LHBT were obtained using SE. SE images were evaluated by reviewers using an experimentally proven color grading system.Results
The transverse images of SE showed a mean sensitivity of 69.4 %, a mean specificity of 95.6 % and a mean accuracy of 89.3 %. Good correlation of conventional ultrasound findings was found (p < 0.001, r = 0.763). The longitudinal images of SE showed a mean sensitivity of 94.4 %, a mean specificity of 92.1 % and a mean accuracy of 92.7 %. Good correlation of conventional ultrasound findings was found (p < 0.001, r = 0.585). Inter-observer reliability of SE was in “almost perfect agreement” with a weighted kappa coefficient of 0.84.Conclusions
SE has potential to be clinically useful in the detection of the intratendinous and peritendinous alterations of LHBT and has excellent accuracy and excellent correlation with conventional ultrasound findings. 相似文献4.
Sam-Sik Park Bo-Kyung Kim Ok-Kon Moon Wan-Suk Choi 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2015,27(10):3279-3281
[Purpose] The study investigated the effects of joint position on the distraction
distance during Grade III glenohumeral joint distraction in healthy individuals. [Subjects
and Methods] Twenty adults in their forties without shoulder disease were randomly divided
into neutral position group (NPG; n = 7), resting position group (RPG; n = 7), and end
range position group (ERPG; n = 6). After Kaltenborn Grade III distraction for 40s, the
distance between glenoid fossa and humeral head was measured by ultrasound. [Results] The
average distances between the humeral head and glenoid fossa before distraction were 2.86
± 0.81, 3.21 ± 0.47, and 3.55 ± 0.59 mm for the NP, RP, and ERP groups. The distances
after applying distraction were 3.12 ± 0.51, 3.86 ± 0.55, and 4.35 ± 0.32 mm.
Between-group comparison after applying distraction revealed no significant differences
between the NP and RP groups, while there was a statistically significant difference
between the NP and RP groups, as well as between the NP and ERP groups. [Conclusion] Joint
space was largest in ERP individuals when performing manual distraction.Key words: Joint position, Manual distraction, Glenohumeral joint 相似文献
5.
Yoshifumi Nanba Shigenori Miyamoto Seiichi Takemasa Masayuki Uesugi Yuri Inoue Yoshitaka Ootani Shun Fujii Takaaki Hirotsu Hideki Tanaka 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2015,27(3):627-629
[Purpose] To clarify rotator cuff muscular activity in the raised position of the closed
kinetic chain (CKC) exercise. [Subjects] Twenty-nine cases were studied, 19 men and 10
women (average age 21.5 ±4.7 years old, average body weight 60.1 kg ±11.4). [Methods] To
determine the effects of the closed kinetic chain exercise on the upper limb, we measured
the surface EMG of the infraspinatus muscle, the trapezius (upper fiber) and the deltoid
(middle fiber) with the arm elevated. [Results] Our results show that at an elevation
angle of 150° in the scapular plane of the upper limb, with 5% body weight load, the EMG
activities of the infraspinatus muscle are approximately 30% of maximum voluntary
contraction (MVC). [Conclusion] The raised position of the CKC exercise is effective in
physical therapy for functional recovery of the infraspinatus muscle.Key words: Shoulder joint, IEMG, CKC 相似文献
6.
Daisuke Fujita Kousei Kubo Daisuke Takagi Yuusuke Nishida 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2015,27(11):3397-3399
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to examine changes in vagal tone during passive
exercise while supine. [Subjects and Methods] Eleven healthy males lay supine for 5 min
and then performed passive cycling for 10 min using a passive cycling machine. The lower
legs moved through a range of motion defined by 90° and 180° knee joint angles at 60 rpm.
Respiratory rates were maintained at 0.25 Hz to elicit respiratory sinus arrhythmia. Heart
rate variability was analyzed using the time domain analysis, as the root mean squared
standard differences between adjacent R-R intervals (rMSSD), and spectrum domain analysis
of the high frequency (HF) component. [Results] Compared to rest, passive cycling
decreased rMSSD (rest, 66.6 ± 92.6 ms; passive exercise, 53.5 ± 32.5 ms). However, no
significant changes in HR or HF were observed (rest, 68.2 ± 6.9 bpm, 65.6 ± 12.0 n.u.;
passive exercise, 70.2 ± 7.2 bpm, 67.9 ± 10.0 n.u.). [Conclusion] These results suggest
that passive exercise decreases rMMSD through supine-stimulated mechanoreceptors with no
effect on HR or HF. Therefore, rMSSD is not affected by hydrostatic pressure during
passive cycling in the supine position.Key words: Passive cycling movement, Supine position, Vagal tone 相似文献
7.
[Purpose] This study aimed to investigate changes in activation of the rectus femoris,
biceps femoris, tibialis anterior, and gastrocnemius muscles during one-legged squats
performed at various angles of ankle flexion. With the use of wedges, the muscles were
activated at different angles of ankle flexion angles to establish the appropriate posture
necessary for muscle strengthening and rehabilitation. [Subjects and Methods] Healthy
adults aged 20–40 years were recruited from Good Morning Hospital in Ulsan City. Of the 22
participants, two dropped out during the tests, leaving a final sample of 20 participants.
The wedges were 100 mm wide and 200 mm long and had inclinations of 10°, 30°, and 50°. EMG
Analyzer software was used to measure muscle activation. [Results] A significant
difference in the activation of the rectus femoris muscle at various angles of ankle
flexion was seen. The gastrocnemius muscle exhibited significant differences in activation
among the 0°–30°, 0°–50°, and 10°–50° inclinations. [Conclusion] Wedge-assisted muscle
activation under different ankle flexion angles can be introduced as an effective exercise
option under clinical conditions.Key words: Strengthening, Rehabilitation, One-leg squats 相似文献
8.
Jeheon Moon Dohoon Koo Kitae Kim Insik Shin Hyeyoung Kim Jinhae Kim 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2015,27(8):2629-2632
[Purpose] This study aimed to verify the effectiveness of an augmented reality-based ski
simulator through analyzing the changes in movement patterns as well as the engagement of
major muscles of the lower body. [Subjects] Seven subjects participated in the study. All
were national team-level athletes studying at “K” Sports University in Korea who exhibited
comparable performance levels and had no record of injuries in the preceding 6 months (Age
23.4 ± 3.8 years; Height 172.6 ± 12.1 cm; Weight 72.3 ± 16.2 kg; Experience 12.3 ±
4.8 years). [Methods] A reality-based ski simulator developed by a Korean manufacturer was
used for the study. Three digital video cameras and a wireless electromyography system
were used to perform 3-dimensional motion analysis and measure muscle activation level.
[Results] Left hip angulation was found to increase as the frequency of the turns
increased. Electromyography data revealed that the activation level of the quadriceps
group’s extension muscles and the biceps femoris group’s flexing muscles had a crossing
pattern. [Conclusion] Sustained training using an augmented reality-based ski simulator
resulted in movements that extended the lower body joints, which is thought to contribute
to increasing muscle fatigue.Key words: Ski simulator, Kinematic, EMG 相似文献
9.
Qiuchen Huang Kuei-Yuan Wang Lili Yu Yue Zhou Rui Gu Yao Cui Chunying Hu Meng Ge Yanfeng Xu Jianfeng Liu 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2015,27(12):3907-3909
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to examine the immediate effects of strength
training and neuromuscular joint facilitation (NJF) distal resistance training on muscle
strength and proprioception. [Subjects] The subjects were 15 young healthy people
(29.3±4.1 y, 166.8±7.1 cm, 62.4 ± 11.6 ky). [Methods] Two isometric contraction techniques
were applied on the elbow joint: elbow joint flexion muscle strength training (MST) and
the elbow joint flexion pattern of NJF. Muscle strength (measured by surface
electromyography [sEMG]) and joint position errors of the left upper limb were measured
before and after one intervention session of MST and NJF. [Results] The decrease in error
in elbow flexion angle repetition represented the improvement resulting from NJF. sEMG of
the biceps brachii showed significant increases in the maximum discharge and average
discharge after the intervention. [Conclusion] This result suggests that elbow joint
proprioception and muscle strength can be improved by NJF together with proximal
resistance training.Key words: Neuromuscular joint facilitation, Joint position error, Elbow joint proprioception 相似文献
10.
Kyung Woo Kang Kyoung Kim Na Kyung Lee Jung Won Kwon Sung Min Son 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2015,27(3):777-780
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of constrained weight
shift induced by shoe lift beneath the unaffected lower extremity, on balance functions
and electromyography of the affected lower extremity of stroke patients. [Subjects and
Methods] Twelve patients with unilateral stroke were recruited as volunteers for this
study. The subjects were repeatedly measured in a randomized order under three conditions:
no-shoe lift, and shoe lifts of 5 mm and 10 mm heights beneath the unaffected lower
extremity. [Results] Standing with a 10 mm shoe lift for the unaffected lower extremity
decreased the mean velocity of mediolateral sway compared to no-shoe lift. Regarding the
velocity of anteroposterior sway, standing with 5 mm and 10 mm shoe lifts decreased the
mean velocity of anteroposterior sway. The muscle activation of the affected lower
extremity was not significantly different among the no-shoe lift, 5 mm shoe lift and 10 mm
shoe lift conditions; however, the muscle activities of the rectus femoris, biceps
femoris, tibialis anterior, and medial gastrocnemius of the affected lower extremity
progressively improved with increasing height of the shoe lift. [Conclusion] A constrained
weight shift to the affected side elicited by a shoe insole of 10 mm height on the
unaffected side can improve the static standing balance of stroke patients, and it
resulted in 14–24% increases in the muscle activities of the affected leg.Key words: Constrained weight shift, Stroke, Balance 相似文献
11.
[Purpose] This study was performed to determine the difference in thoracic repositioning
sense in young people with and without thoracic flexion syndrome (TFS) in target positions
of half extension. [Subjects] People with TFS (n = 15; 7 men and 8 women)
and people without TFS (n = 15; 7 men and 8 women) were recruited from
three universities. Subjects were guided into a sitting extension target posture and were
asked to move from a neutral position (2 s) to an extension target position (2 s); 10
trials were performed. [Results] People with TFS showed a significantly higher thoracic
repositioning error in the extension target position than people without TFS. [Conclusion]
People with TFS show a higher thoracic spine repositioning error in extension than people
without TFS. A rehabilitation program to treat TFS should be implemented for individuals
with decreased position sense of the thoracic spine.Key words: Proprioception, Repositioning error, Thoracic flexion syndrome 相似文献
12.
[Purpose] The aim of this study was to identify the effects of initial position of the
hip joint with changes in the hip joint angle on the respective muscle activities of the
bilateral erector spinae (ES), unilateral gluteus maximus (GM), and biceps femoris (BF)
and the amount of pelvic anterior tilt during prone hip extension (PHE). [Subjects]
Fifteen healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study. [Methods] The subjects performed
PHE in three positions: neutral, 20°, and 45° flexed hip joint. The activities of the ES,
GM, and BF were measured using surface electromyography, and kinematic values for pelvic
anterior tilt were calculated using a motion capture system. [Results] There was a
significant decrease in muscle activity of the contralateral ES at 45°, and an increase in
the GM muscle activity and decrease in the BF muscle activity at 20°. The amount of pelvic
anterior tilt was lower at 20°. [Conclusion] These results suggest that a hip flexion
position of 20° would have an advantage over the other measured positions.Key words: Electromyography, Joint position, Prone hip extension 相似文献
13.
Woon Taek Hwang Sin Ho Chung Min Sung Chung Kyu Hoon Lee Taikon Kim 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2015,27(10):3341-3343
[Purpose] The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of proprioceptive
neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) D2 flexion and breathing exercises in a patient with
lymphedema (LE). [Subject] This report describes a 57-year-old woman with LE in whom a
short-stretch compression bandage (SSCB) could not be used for treatment because of skin
itching and redness. [Methods] The patient received complex decongestive therapy without a
SSCB. Next, PNF D2 flexion and breathing exercises were conducted three times per week for
14 weeks (36 times). [Results] As a result, the circumference of the armpit was reduced by
0.5 cm; that of 10 cm above the elbow, by 1 cm; that of the elbow, by 0.5 cm; that of
10 cm below the elbow, by 1 cm; and that of the back of the hand, by 0.5 cm. A total of
100 mL (9.4%) of body water was eliminated from the right upper extremity, and moisture
ratio was reduced by 0.005%. Finally, range of motion was improved to 20° flexion, 60°
abduction, 40° external rotation, and 10° internal rotation. [Conclusion] This study
showed that PNF D2 flexion and breathing exercises were effective in reducing LE and
improving range of motion. 相似文献
14.
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to compare the reliability of the measurement of
the passive range of motion (PROM) of shoulder horizontal adduction (SHA) measurements
using a smartphone for the assessment posterior shoulder tightness (PST) between the
side-lying and supine test positions. [Subjects and Methods] Forty-seven subjects (mean ±
age, 24.9 ± 3.5 years) without shoulder pathology were included in this study. Intra-rater
and inter-rater reliabilities were determined using intraclass correlation coefficients.
The SHA PROM of each subject’s dominant shoulder was measured using a smartphone by two
investigators in two positions: the standard supine position, and a side-lying position on
the tested side. [Results] The intra-rater reliability of the supine measurements was fair
to good (ICC3,1 = 0.72–0.89), and for the side-lying measurements was excellent
(ICC3,1 = 0.95–0.97). The inter-rater reliability of the supine measurements
was fair (ICC2,2 = 0.79) and for the side-lying measurements was excellent
(ICC2,2 = 0.94). [Conclusion] These results suggest that for healthy
subjects, measurements of SHA using smartphones in the side-lying position has superior
intra-rater and inter-rater reliabilities compared to the standard supine position.Key words: Reliability, Horizontal adduction, Smartphone 相似文献
15.
[Purpose] The purpose of this study is to examine changes in pulmonary functions in
relation to the sleeping positions of the experimental subjects. [Subjects and Methods]
The subjects for this study were twenty randomly selected males and females from K
University. Measurements were taken in the supine position at three different pillow
heights: 0 cm, 5 cm, and 10 cm. Pulmonary functions (vital capacity, tidal volume,
inspiratory reserve volume, and expiratory reserve volume) were evaluated using a Fit
mate. [Results] These findings suggest that a pillow height of 5 cm makes a significant
difference in vital capacity (VC). When the three pillow heights were compared,
significant differences were seen between 0 cm and 5 cm, and between 5 cm and 10 cm, in
terms of vital capacity for the pulmonary functions among the three positions.
[Conclusion] In conclusion, changing the positions of the subjects produces changes in
pulmonary functions. The greatest change occurred in the 5 cm pillow height. Presumably,
ventilation is affected by the body structures. The results will provide objective data to
establish the most suitable positions for stroke patients when they perform respiratory
exercises.Key words: Pulmonary function, Pillow, Height 相似文献
16.
Sa?a Panteli? Marija Popovi? Vladimir Miloradovi? Radmila Kosti? Zoran Milanovi? Milovan Brati? 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2013,25(8):929-935
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of short-term exercise
training on the cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) of individuals suffering from myocardial
infarction. [Subjects] A total of 60 participants were divided into experimental (EXP;
n=30, mean age 56.7 ± 2.8 years, body mass 80.7 ± 10.7 kg, body height 171.9 ± 7.2 cm) and
control (CON; n=30, mean age 56.5 ± 3.1 years, body mass 84.4 ± 12.4 kg, body height 171.5
± 12.4 cm) groups. [Methods] The members of the EXP group took part in an organized daily
physical exercise program (Monday through Sunday), for a period of 3 weeks. The exercise
program consisted of 60 min daily specialized fitness exercises with an intensity ranging
from 55–70% of the maximum heart rate, which was determined by test on a bicycle
ergometer. The effects of the exercise were monitored by means of the following
parameters: maximum oxygen uptake (VO2peak), resting heart rate, systolic blood pressure
and diastolic blood pressure. [Results] The results indicate statistically significant
post-exercise improvements in heart rate, relative oxygen uptake and systolic blood
pressure, among the members of the EXP group. The results indicate that at the initial
measurement of cardiorespiratory fitness no statistically significant differences were
found between the groups at the multivariate level (Wilk''s λ=0.83), while statistically
significant differences in the cardiorespiratory fitness were found at the final
measurement (Wil''s λ=0.430). [Conclusion] The obtained results indicate that the exercise
program, which lasted for a period of 21 days, though shorter in duration than other
programs still led to statistically significant changes in the CRF of individuals
suffering from MI.Key words: Blood pressure, Functional capacity, Aerobic training 相似文献
17.
Yutaro Hyodo Takumi Jiroumaru Noriyuki Kida Michio Wachi Shun Nomura Minoru Kuroda Hikaru Kitagawa Shinichi Noguchi Yasumasa Oka Teruo Nomura 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2022,34(3):242
[Purpose] This study aimed to compare the muscle activity around the foot and ankle joints, notably of the abductor digiti minimi, between affected and unaffected sides of individuals with chronic ankle instability. [Participants and Methods] Twelve adult males with chronic ankle instability in one ankle (age, 27.7 ± 5.4 years; height, 172.5 ± 8.1 cm; weight, 67.5 ± 8.1 kg) were included and underwent surface electromyography assessments in multiple positions on both affected and unaffected sides. Measurements were obtained for eight muscles including the abductor digiti minimi. Each measurement included a 5-s segment of the stable waveform, with the root mean square-processed and normalized to the resting position set to 1. [Results] Abductor digiti minimi activity on the affected side was significantly reduced during maximal toe extension/abduction with both ankle dorsiflexion and plantarflexion. Peroneus longus activity on the affected side was significantly greater during maximal toe extension/abduction with ankle plantarflexion; peroneus longus and tibialis anterior muscle activities were significantly greater on the affected side during maximal toe extension/abduction with ankle dorsiflexion. [Conclusion] In the absence of load, muscle imbalance in the intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the foot was suggested. However, no significant differences were observed under loading conditions. 相似文献
18.
[Purpose] This study aimed to explore the application value of yoga intervention in early postpartum recovery of the levator ani muscle hiatus (LAH) area. [Participants and Methods] Females in natural labor from May 2020 to November 2020 in the Third People’s Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University Ultrasound Research Center were prospectively included for a pelvic ultrasound examination. The control group received no intervention. The experimental group received 60-min yoga once a week from week 1 to week 12 postpartum. A pelvic ultrasound examination was performed on the week 6 and week 12 postpartum. The LAH area was measured at rest, during contraction and Valsalva maneuver. [Results] A total of 128 participants who met the inclusion criteria were selected and randomly assigned to the control group (n=66) and the experimental group (n=62) in pre and post intervention design. No significant differences were found in age, parity, body mass index, and fetal weight between the control and experimental groups. Further, no significant difference was observed in the LAH area between the control and experimental groups at rest, during contraction and Valsalva maneuver on the week 6 postpartum. However, the LAH area in experimental group significantly reduced at rest, during contraction and Valsalva maneuver on the week 12 postpartum. The differences of LAH area (date week 6 minus date week 12) in the control group at rest, during contraction and Valsalva maneuver were 0.12 ± 3.12 cm2, 0.80 ± 2.29 cm2, and 0.80 ± 4.22 cm2, while in the control these were 1.95 ± 3.41 cm2, 1.39 ± 1.91 cm2, and 3.81 ± 5.49 cm2, respectively. Compared with control group, the differences of LAH area significantly increased in experimental group at rest and during Valsalva maneuver. [Conclusion] Yoga intervention can help in the recovery of LAH. 相似文献
19.
Jin-Gang Her Do-Heung Ko Ji-Hae Woo Young-Eun Choi 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2014,26(3):377-380
The purpose of this study was to determine pillow designs suitable for supine and
side-lying positions. [Subjects] Twenty female and twenty male subjects with a mean age of
22.7 years (SD = 1.3) participated in the study. [Methods] First, a three-dimensional
motion analysis system was used to analyze the movements of the head and the shoulder
joints during changes from supine positions to side-lying positions. Second, the height
from the face to the shoulder and the height from the floor to the middle of the neck in a
side-lying position were measured. Third, the weight distribution ratios of the head and
the trunk were compared using general pillows (polyester sponge), memory foam, and
prototype pillows. [Results] During position changes from supine positions to side-lying
positions, the head moved in a fan shape, and the shoulder joint moved an average of 4.4
cm upward. The height from the face to the shoulder was 9 cm on average. The height from
the floor to the middle of the neck was 11 cm on average. The weight distribution ratios
between the head and the trunk were compared among general pillows (polyester sponge),
memory foam, and prototype pillows. The results showed significant differences in the
side-lying position. [Conclusion] Pillows with uniform heights are not suitable for a
supine or side-lying position. In the case of both positions, users should be allowed to
select pillows in shapes that can support the neck.Key words: Pillow, Sleep position, Motion analysis 相似文献
20.
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between pitching weight and pitching mechanics, including ball reaction force (BRF) and temporal parameters, for the prevention of throwing injury in adult amateur pitchers. [Participants and Methods] Twenty adult male amateur pitchers (mean age, height, and body mass: 26 ± 3.4 years, 1.7 ± 0.03 m, and 71.6 ± 9.5 kg, respectively) randomly pitched light (110 g) and heavy (145 g) baseballs at maximum velocity. Kinematic, kinetic, and temporal parameters were compared between the light and heavy balls. [Results] Pitching heavy balls significantly increased the BRF to 9.2 N and maximum trunk rotation angular velocity to 26.2°/sec, and decreased the ball speed to 1.4 m/sec and upper limb joint torque efficiency and shoulder internal rotation angular velocity at the moment of ball release at 250.8°/sec. Furthermore, the peak temporal kinetic parameters until ball release appeared early in the throwing of the heavy ball. [Conclusion] Adult amateur pitchers who pitched heavy balls had greater BRF; had decreased upper limb joint torque efficiency, ball speed, and arm angular velocity; and reached maximum kinetics early. Adult amateur pitchers may be at risk of throwing injuries due to throwing of heavy balls.Key words: Baseball pitching, Adult amateur, Ball weight and biomechanics 相似文献