多空钽棒治疗早中期股骨头坏死临床和放射学研究

通过临床和放射学结果的观测,评估多空钽棒治疗早中期股骨头坏死的有效性和安全性。方法：选择自2009年8月至2012年3年烟台市莱阳中心医院收治的35例早中期股骨头坏死患者（共40例髋关节）进行髓芯减压（core decomression,CD）及髓芯减压钽棒植入（TI）,通过Harris评分及放射学结果来评估多空钽棒治疗早中期股骨头坏死的有效性和安全性。结果：临床35例患者均获得随访,随访时间6-24个月,平均（14．2±0．8）个月。结果显示术后6个月两组的Harris评分较术前均有明显提高（ P＜0．05）,两组术后6月的Harris评分无统计学差异,而两组术后24月Harris评分差异具统计学意义（ P＜0．05）。结论：髓芯减压钽棒植入及单纯髓芯减压均能有效改善早中期股骨头坏死患者Harris评分,短期内两种手术治疗方式的疗效无统计学差异,长远期观察发现髓芯减压多空钽棒植入较单纯髓芯减压更能提高并维持患者较高的Harris评分。     

中药配合髓芯减压治疗早中期股骨头缺血性坏死

目的:观察中西医结合治疗早中期股骨头缺血性坏死的疗效。方法:将50例早中期股骨头缺血性坏死患者随机分为两组,对照组采用髓芯减压治疗,治疗组采用中药配合髓芯减压治疗。结果:总有效率治疗组为92%,对照组为84%;优良率治疗组为80%,对照组为60%,治疗组疗效优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:中药配合髓芯减压治疗早中期股骨头缺血性坏死安全简单、微创、经济实用,疗效好。     

髋关节髓芯减压治疗早期股骨头缺血性坏死

目的:探讨应用髋关节髓芯减压治疗早期股骨头缺血性坏死的疗效.方法:对28例Ⅰ、Ⅱ期的股骨头缺血性坏死患者采用髋关节髓芯减压方法治疗.结果:所有患者随诊6～32个月,疼痛均消失,行走正常,髋关节活动范围正常或接近正常,CT或MRI示股骨头轮廓清晰,囊性变消失,骨密度均匀,关节间隙正常.结论:髋关节髓芯减压治疗早期股骨头缺血性坏死具有损伤小、简便、准确有效的优点.     

髓心减压并自体骨髓移植治疗早期股骨头缺血性坏死

目的探讨自体骨髓移植在治疗早期股骨头缺血性坏死中的应用。方法对18例(23髋)早期股骨头缺血性坏死患者,髓芯减压并自体骨髓移植治疗后的疗效进行总结。结果治疗后髋关节功能明显改善,关节活动范围明显扩大,尤其是外展功能恢复明显,疼痛明显减轻或消失。4～12个月后X线表现死骨有吸收,坏死区明显减小或消失。结论髓芯减压并自体骨髓移植是治疗早、中期股骨头坏死的有效方法。对早期股骨头缺血性坏死的患者可有效的恢复髋关节的功能,阻止坏死的进一步发展。     

电针联合髓芯减压术治疗早中期股骨头缺血性坏死30例

目的:评价电针联合髓芯减压术治疗早中期股骨头缺血性坏死的临床疗效。方法:60例早中期股骨头缺血性坏死患者按随机数字表分为两组,每组30例,对照组采用髓芯减压术,治疗组采用电针联合髓芯减压术。治疗6个疗程后,观察两组Harris髋关节功能评分、临床疗效、影像学评分。结果:治疗组优良率93.33%,对照组优良率70.00%,治疗组疗效优于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗组Harris髋关节功能评分、影像学评分改善明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:电针联合髓芯减压术治疗早中期股骨头缺血性坏死可改善髋关节功能,有效缓解患者疼痛,促进骨修复。     

多孔钽棒置入联合髓芯减压治疗成人早期股骨头坏死近期疗效观察

目的：探讨多孔钽棒置入联合髓芯减压治疗早期股骨头坏死（ONFH）的近期临床效果。方法：采用多孔钽棒置入联合髓芯减压治疗成人早期ONFH 11例11髋,其中ⅠB期1髋,ⅠC期1髋,ⅡA期2髋,ⅡB期6髋,ⅡC期1髋。术前Harris评分平均（53.8±9.7）分。随访时以Harris评分、影像学检查及股骨头生存率作为疗效评价指标。结果：手术时间30-50 min,出血量50-100 ml。术后随访12-21个月。术后Harris评分为（84.2±7.3）分,较治疗前明显提高（P〈0.01）。1例伴有系统性疾病长期服用激素患者术后9个月发生了股骨头塌陷及关节间隙狭窄,其余病例股骨头外形完整,无股骨头变扁、塌陷或坏死加重。结论：多孔钽棒置入联合髓芯减压治疗成人早期ONFH能有效避免坏死区股骨头塌陷,近期疗效满意。     

髓芯减压植骨联合自体骨髓及富血小板血浆治疗早期股骨头缺血性坏死

目的:探讨应用髓芯减压植骨联合自体骨髓及富血小板血浆移植治疗早期股骨头缺血性坏死的疗效。方法:对46例ARCO分期Ⅰ、Ⅱ期的ANFH患者采用股骨头髓芯减压髂骨植骨、自体骨髓及富血小板血浆移植治疗。结果:所有患者均经过5～28个月(平均15个月)的随访,关节疼痛基本消失,活动范围接近或恢复正常,影像学检查结果示股骨头囊性变消失,坏死区有新生骨小梁通过。结论:股骨头髓芯减压植骨联合自体骨髓及富血小板血浆移植具有创伤小、操作简便、疗效确切等优点,是一种治疗早期股骨头缺血性坏死的有效方法。     

关节镜引导下髓芯减压植骨术治疗早期股骨头缺血性坏死

目的：探讨关节镜引导下髓芯减压植骨术治疗早期股骨头缺血性坏死的初步临床效果。方法：2005年3月至2008年1月对18例（31髋）经临床诊断为早期股骨头缺血性坏死患者（ficat分期I～Ⅲ期）行关节镜引导下髓芯减压、死骨刮除、植骨术。结果：18例均获得随访,随访时间为20～54个月,平均32．5个月。HARRIS髋关节评分从术前（76．45±6．02）分提高到术后（84．10±8．45）分,两者比较差异有统计学意义（t=-4．158,P=0．000）。结论：关节镜引导下髓芯减压植骨术治疗早期股骨头缺血性坏死具有定位准确、清除坏死骨彻底,有效减轻疼痛,改善关节功能的优点,能够延缓股骨头坏死进程,有效防止股骨头塌陷。     

髓芯减压植骨联合BMP植入治疗股骨头坏死的临床观察

目的探讨股骨头坏死的早期治疗方法。方法对2001年1月～2004年4月在我院应用髓芯减压联合骨形成蛋白（bone morphogenetic protein，BMP）植入治疗的15例（17个髋）股骨头坏死的患者进行回顾性的分析。其中男6例，女9例，年龄36～62岁，平均47岁，随访时间26～94个月，平均53个月。按改良的Ficat分期标准，ⅡA期15例，ⅡB期1例，Ⅲ期1例。结果采用改良Jacobs百分评价法做为疗效标准，优14个髋（12个病人，均为ⅡA期），可2个髋，差1个髋。结论髓芯减压联合BMP植入能有效地治疗早期股骨头坏死。     

多孔髓芯减压并关节清理治疗早期股骨头缺血性坏死

目的:探讨多孔髓芯减压并关节清理治疗早期股骨头缺血性坏死的疗效。方法:自1999年3月~2003年9月应用股骨头髓芯减压并髋关节镜清理术治疗股骨头缺血性坏死41例(46髋)。Ficat分期0期3髋,I期25髋,II期16髋,III期2髋。行患髋关节清理术,多孔道髓芯减压术。Harris评分术前平均47分,术后平均82分。按术后≥80分定义为临床成功,术后分期稳定定义为影像学成功。结果:临床成功率为86.9%,影像学成功率为82.6%。结论:髓芯减压结合关节镜关节清理术治疗股骨头坏死可有效进行骨内减压,改善关节内环境,从而有效减轻疼痛、预防股骨头塌陷,延迟患者需全髋关节置换的时间。髋关节镜微创技术的应用为股骨头坏死的诊断和治疗开辟了一新的方法。该方法适用于早期(0期、I期、II期)病变。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.