三种Q开关激光祛除文身2600例

目的 探讨Q开关翠绿宝石激光及两种波长的Nd：YAG激光祛除文身的临床效果。方法 用Q开关翠绿宝石激光(波长755nm)及Q开关Nd：YAG激光(波长1064nm，532nm)祛除不同类型的文身2600例，根据文身颜色的不同选用不同波长的激光，依文身部位皮肤厚薄及颜色深浅调节激光能量密度，一般需多少次治疗，间隔2～3个月。结果 治愈2030例，治愈率78．1％，有效率100％；专业性文身平均要治疗5．2次，业余性文身平均治疗2．2次。红色文身色素可用Q532nm激光祛除，而蓝、黑色素可用Q1064nm或Q755nm祛除。无瘢痕形成及皮肤色素改变等并发症出现。结论 Q开关翠绿宝石激光(波长755nm)和Q开关Nd：YAG激光(波长1064nm，532nm)可祛除各种文身，疗效确切，安全可靠，无副作用。     

Q—开关倍频Nd：YAG激光与Q—开关翠绿宝石激光治疗雀斑的疗效比较

目的 对Q－开关倍频Nd:YAG激光与Q－开关翠绿宝石激光治疗雀斑进行临床评价。方法 362例面部雀斑患者，随机分为两组，在局部麻醉下分别用Q－开关倍频Nd：YAG激光（波长532nm）和Q－开关翠绿宝石激光（波长755nm）逐个对面部色素损害进行扫描；治疗参数：波长532nm，激光能量密度2．2－2．6J／cm^2，光斑直径2－3nm，频率2．5－5Hz；波长755nm，激光能量密度5．0－6．0J／cm^2，光斑直径2－3mm，频率2．5－5Hz。疗效评定在术后3个月以上进行。结果 362例雀斑患者有136例（37．6％）进行了2次治疗。波长532nm治疗雀斑的痊愈率及显效率为88．1％，波长755nm激光治疗雀斑的痊愈率有显效率为86．9％。两组间差异无显著意义（P＞0．05），两种激光治疗的总有效率均为100％；共有67例（18．5％）发生色素沉着反应，两组间的发生率也明显差异，所有患者均无皮肤瘢痕发生。结论 Q－开关波长532nm和755nm激光治疗雀斑有较高的安全性及有效性，两种激光的疗效及副反应差异无显著意义。     

调Q开关Nd：YAG激光祛除文身938例

我科自1996年12月开始用调Q开关Nd:YAG(1 064 nm,532 nm)激光祛除文眉、文眼线、文唇线及外伤型文身共938例,疗效较好,报告如下.     

Q开关Nd:YAG激光去除文身、文眉、文眼线的临床体会

1997年4～12月,我们采用进口维纳斯多波长激光系统,去除蓝黑色或黑色文身、文眉和文眼线,取得满意疗效。资料和方法1临床资料　收治患者99例,其中男性57例,女性42例;年龄15～75岁,平均27岁;病程3天至60年,平均66年。去除文身者57例,去除文眉者27例,去除文眼线者15例。蓝黑色者87例,黑色者12例。2治疗方法　患处涂5%ＥＬＭＡ麻醉软膏,外加配套的Ｔａｇａｄｅｒｎ透明胶贴,麻醉后(约40～60ｍｉｎ)行激光治疗。取　　作者单位:　北京友谊医院皮肤科(100050)适当护目镜保护患者眼睛,去除眼线时,使用保护角膜的金属眼罩。治疗用Ｑ开关Ｎｄ∶ＹＡ…     

调Q-开关激光治疗外伤性文身的体会

外伤性文身,多因职业及各种意外事件使泥沙,煤渣、石墨等物质的微小颗粒进入皮肤,引起皮肤色素异常的疾患,也称爆炸性粉粒沉着症和外伤粉粒沉着症.自2001年以来,我中心采用多波长调Q-开关激光治疗皮肤色素性疾病,取得了良好的效果.现将有关资料报告如下.……     

Q开关紫翠宝石激光治疗皮肤色素性疾病的疗效及其影响因素

目的 分析Q开关紫翠宝石激光治疗皮肤色素性疾病的临床疗效及其影响因素.方法 回顾性统计分析Q开关紫翠宝石激光治疗(波长为755 nm,脉宽50 ns,能量密度6.0～8.0 J/cm2,光斑直径3 mm,治疗1～6次)皮肤色素增加性疾病1 078例的临床疗效、分析影响疗效的相关因素.结果 Q开关紫翠宝石激光治疗雀斑、老年斑、颧部褐青色痣、太田痣等有效率95.0%以上;美容文身、外伤性色素沉着的疗效次之,咖啡斑、色素斑痣效果较差.结论 Q开关紫翠宝石激光治疗雀斑、老年斑、颧部褐青色痣、太田痣效果肯定,美容文身、外伤性色素沉着的疗效与文身所用原料、色素沉着的原因有明显关系,除雀斑、脂溢性角化外,其他疾病需要多次治疗.     

Q开关激光治疗雀斑前后反射式共聚焦显微镜的观察

正目的:通过反射式共聚焦显微镜观察分析Q开关翠绿宝石激光治疗雀斑前后的微观改变。方法:使用Q开关翠绿宝石激光对4例面部雀斑患者进行治疗,共治疗1次。每位患者分别于治疗前、治疗后即刻、治疗后2周使用反射式聚焦显微镜观察黑色颗粒和黑素细胞的改变。     

Medlite Ⅳ美肤激光治疗仪治疗色素性皮肤病的疗效和不良反应

目的 总结MedliteⅣ美肤激光治疗仪治疗色素性皮肤病的疗效和不良反应.方法 应用该激光系统的1 064、532或650nm波长的激光治疗太田痣403例,咖啡斑256例,雀斑173例,文身、文眉、文眼线336例,黄褐斑97例,脂溢性角化病65例,毛痣19例.结果 经过1～8次治疗后,太田痣,咖啡斑,雀斑,文身、文眉、文眼线,黄褐斑和脂溢性角化病的有效率达90%以上.毛痣的有效率为26.3%.本组1 349例中发生色素改变49例、局部皮肤萎缩9例、轻度瘢痕形成2例,总体不良反应发生率4.4%.结论 MedliteⅣ激光治疗仪治疗色素性皮肤病疗效好,不良反应发生率低.     

Q开关红宝石激光治疗皮肤色素性病变疗效分析

目的观察Q开关红宝石激光治疗太田痣、雀斑、咖啡斑及蓝黑色纹身等不同色素性损害的疗效及安全性。方法分析2008年6月至2012年5月应用Q开关红宝石激光治疗色素性病变患者3 268例的临床疗效,针对不同的病变类型选择采用不同的治疗参数。每个疗程观察4～6个月。根据治疗前后照片进行对比分析。结果 Q开关红宝石激光对雀斑、咖啡斑效果最好,一次治愈率达99.8%;对太田痣、纹身经4～8次治疗也达到满意效果。所有患者均未出现严重不良反应。结论 Q开关红宝石激光治疗色素性病变安全、有效,治疗次数与疗效成正相关。对表皮层色素性病变治疗次数少;对真皮层色素性病变治疗次数越多效果越好。     

Q开关红宝石激光治疗皮肤色素性病变疗效分析

目的:观察Q开关红宝石激光治疗太田痣、雀斑、咖啡斑及蓝黑色纹身等不同色素性损害的疗效及安全性。方法:分析2008年6月至2012年5月应用Q开关红宝石激光治疗色素性病变3268例临床疗效,针对不同的病变类型选择采用不同的治疗参数。每疗程观察4～6个月。根据治疗前后照片进行对比分析。结果:Q开关红宝石激光对雀斑、咖啡斑效果最好,一次     

调Q1064nm 激光联合皮肤原位再生复原技术治疗小鼠黄褐斑模型的实验研究

目的　探讨调Q1064nm 激光联合皮肤原位再生复原技术对小鼠黄褐斑模型黑素细胞及酪氨酸酶表达的影响。方法　采用紫外线照射联合雌激素注射建立小鼠黄褐斑动物实验模型, 选择调Q1064nm 激光联合皮肤原位再生复原技术治疗, 修复其创面, 利用免疫组化方法分别检测调Q1064nm 激光联合皮肤原位再生复原技术作用前后小鼠皮肤皮损区域黑色素的变化及酪氨酸酶的表达水平, 并与对照组及正常组进行比较。结果　与对照组相比, 激光联合湿润烧伤膏(MEBO) 治疗组皮损区黑色素的表达明显降低(P <0． 05), 酪氨酸酶的表达水平明显下降, 与其他对照组相比, 有显著性差异(P <0． 05)。结论　调Q1064nm 激光干预治疗后, 通过湿润烧伤膏外涂为创面创造一个再生的生理湿润环境, 调节黄褐斑皮损区的局部环境, 减少酪氨酸酶的表达, 使黑色素的生成减少, 从而抑制黄褐斑的产生。     

The Q angle and sport

Quadriceps muscle contraction tends to straighten the Q angle. We expected that sports comprising a high amount of quadriceps training could be associated with low Q angles. The aim of the present study was to estimate the Q angle in athletes and to investigate its potential associations with participation in sport. Three hundred and thirty-nine athletes had their Q angle measured. The mean of right-side Q angles was higher than left side, and the mean Q angle was higher in women than in men. The Q angle was positively associated with years of jogging, and negatively with years of soccer, swimming and sports participation at all. It is concluded that the use of Q angle measurements is questionable.     

Violent crimes and homicide in New York City: The role of weather and pollution

This paper studies the effect of weather and air pollution on violent crimes and homicide. We use all crimes committed in New York City between 2006 and 2020 and match each individual crime to the measures of the nearest weather, pollution station respectively. Our results show that neither weather nor pollutants have a contemporaneous effect of on homicide. In contrast, higher concentrations of carbon monoxide increase violent crimes in a U-shaped relation, that more rainfall linearly reduces violent crimes, and that sulphur dioxide has an inverted-U shaped relationship with violent crimes. Our results have implications for policing and environmental regulation.     

激光心肌孔道损伤与修复的实验研究

目的　研究激光心肌血运重建术 (TMLR)后心肌孔道损伤与修复的形态学变化。方法　采用中国实验小型猪 13只 ,于左冠状动脉旋支起始段放置Ameroid收缩环 ,6周后形成慢性缺血心肌模型 ,应用高功率(80 0W )CO2 激光于左心室侧壁进行激光打孔。实验动物分别于心肌激光打孔后 1h、18h、3天、7天、6周、3个月及 6个月处死 ,观察激光孔道损伤与修复的形态学变化。结果　孔道早期残留宽窄不一的管腔 ,以后随着组织的修复及改建 ,部分孔道可以长期开放 ,部分孔道机化再通 ,形成许多与孔道平行的血管腔隙 ,新生血管与原心肌血管相通。结论　TMLR后激光孔道可以长期开放。     

低强度激光镇痛效应及其机制研究

低强度激光照射可以产生明确的镇痛效果。激光镇痛效应宜选择合适的激光波长、输出方式、激光剂量、照射靶位以及光斑大小,其镇痛效果还与疼痛类型有关。临床上激光针灸已广泛用于各种疼痛相关疾病的治疗。激光镇痛机制研究目前虽然尚未形成统一认识,但也已进行了许多有益探索。本文就近几年在低强度激光镇痛效应和机制研究方面取得的进展进行综述。     

Is the lung scan alive and well? Facts and controversies in defining the role of lung scintigraphy for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism in the era of MDCT

Purpose  The last decade has seen a changing pattern of utilization of multidetector CT (MDCT) versus lung perfusion scintigraphy in the investigation of pulmonary venous thromboembolism (VTE). In response to this the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) determined that the subject required an overview. Method  The IAEA has invited a group of five specialists in the relevant fields to review the current status and optimum role of scintigraphy, to explore some of the facts and controversies surrounding the use of both modalities and to make recommendations about the continued role of nuclear medicine for the investigation of pulmonary embolism. This paper identifies the relative merits of each technique, highlights benefits, focuses on complementary roles and seeks a nonadversarial symbiosis. Conclusion  The consultants reached a consensus that the continued use of scintigraphy for diagnosis of thromboembolic disease is recommended, particularly in scenarios where scintigraphy confers specific benefits and is complementary to MDCT. An Editorial Commentary to this paper is available at .     

The effect of Q Factor on gross mechanical efficiency and muscular activation in cycling

Unexplored in scientific literature, Q Factor describes the horizontal width between bicycle pedals and determines where the foot is laterally positioned throughout the pedal stroke. The aim of the study was to determine whether changing Q Factor has a beneficial effect upon cycling efficiency and muscular activation. A total of 24 trained cyclists (11 men, 13 women; VO_2max 57.5 ml·kg/min ± 6.1) pedaled at 60% of peak power output for 5 min at 90 rpm using Q Factors of 90, 120, 150, and 180 mm. Power output and gas were collected and muscular activity of the gastrocnemius medialis (GM), tibialis anterior (TA), vastus medialis (VM), and vastus lateralis (VL) measured using surface electromyography. There was a significant increase (P < 0.006) in gross mechanical efficiency (GME) for 90 and 120 mm (both 19.38%) compared with 150 and 180 mm (19.09% and 19.05%), representing an increase in external mechanical work performed of approximately 4–5 W (1.5–2.0%) at submaximal power outputs. There was no significant difference in the level of activity or timing of activation of the GM, TA, VM, and VL between Q Factors. Other muscles used in cycling, and possibly an improved application of force during the pedal stroke may play a role in the observed increase in GME with narrower Q Factors.     

Lung ventilation-perfusion scintigraphy in children on long-term parenteral nutrition

Purpose  Pulmonary emboli (PE) are one of the major complications associated with total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Ventilation-perfusion scintigraphy (V/Q) remains the most used test for the diagnosis of PE and follow-up of patients on TPN. The aim of our study was to demonstrate the high prevalence of undiagnosed PE in children on TPN. Methods  The medical and imaging files of 64 patients on TPN who underwent V/Q examinations covering the period of 1986–2004 were reviewed. Children were aged between 3.18 months and 21.6 years. TPN was started at birth (range 0–15 years). All children had a normal chest radiograph and no symptoms at the time of the V/Q scan. A comparative analysis between the prevalence of PE and risk factors (number of days per week with lipophilic content of the TPN, bowel inflammation and thrombophilic factors (protein C and S) was performed. Results   Of the 64 patients, 25 (39%) had an abnormal V/Q scan. A total of 29 PE episodes were diagnosed in all patients. Two children had three episodes of PE. The median age at PE diagnosis was 4.6 years. In 17 patients (68%) diagnosis was achieved on the first V/Q scan performed. PE was bilateral in 56% and unilateral in 44%. PE was the main cause of 2 out 15 recorded deaths. All risk factors were associated with an increase in PE prevalence by statistical analysis. Conclusion  PE is underdiagnosed in children on long-term TPN. Lung V/Q scintigraphy is useful in the diagnosis of PE in children with a low pretest probability.     

心肌灌注显像剂99Tcm-Q3的研制

目的研制新型心肌灌注显像剂９９ＴｃｍＮ,Ｎ′亚乙基二（乙酰丙酮亚胺）二［三（３甲氧基１丙基）膦］（简称Ｑ３）。方法合成显像剂的配体Ｎ,Ｎ′亚乙基—二（乙酰丙酮亚胺）和三（３甲氧基１丙基）膦后,用ＳｎＣｌ２·２Ｈ２Ｏ在强碱性条件下,还原９９ＴｃｍＯ－４标记Ｎ,Ｎ′亚乙基—二（乙酰丙酮亚胺）,再加入三（３甲氧基１丙基）膦反应１０ｍｉｎ,制得９９ＴｃｍＱ３。进行９９ＴｃｍＱ３小鼠体内分布和家兔显像实验,以及体外稳定性和急性毒性实验。结果９９ＴｃｍＱ３的心肌摄取快,摄取率高,注射后５ｍｉｎ时每克心肌组织的摄取约为注射剂量的２４６６％,滞留时间长,注射后４ｈ心肌清除不明显;血液、肺、肝脏清除均快。该显像剂无毒副作用,稳定性达６ｈ以上。结论９９ＴｃｍＱ３是提高心肌灌注显像质量的较理想的显像剂。