Papillary adenocarcinoma of the thymus: case report and review of the literature

A 44-year-old male with a mediastinal mass measuring 3.5 × 3.5 × 3 cm was diagnosed with papillary adenocarcinoma of the thymus. Other origins of papillary adenocarcinoma were excluded by clinical, imaging, and immunocytochemical methods before assuming this diagnosis. Residual thymus was seen under the microscope. Focal CD5 immunoreactivity was present. There was no associated thymoma. The patient underwent surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. He disclosed systemic recurrence at 18 months (subcutaneous nodule). He is alive after 24 months of follow-up with active disease. There had been only 7 cases of this rare entity published before.     

Tubular adenocarcinoma of the thymus: case report and review of the literature

Primary carcinomas of the thymus are rare. A variety of histologic patterns have been reported, and the most common are squamous cell carcinoma, lymphoepithelioma like carcinoma, and basaloid carcinoma. Adenocarcinomas of the thymus are extremely rare. As determined from a literature search, a pure tubular adenocarcinoma has never been previously described, and thus, this is first case report of tubular adenocarcinoma of the thymus. A combined resection of the superior vena cava and pericardium was performed. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for CD5.     

Primary retroperitoneal mucinous cystadenocarcinoma. A case report and review of the literature

A case of a primary retroperitoneal mucinous cystadenocarcinoma in a 38-year-old female is presented. The literature concerning primary retroperitoneal cystadenocarcinomas is reviewed and it is concluded that close postoperative follow-up is necessary.     

Primary umbilical adenocarcinoma. A case report and review of literature.

A case of primary adenocarcinoma of the umbilicus is reported along with a review of the literature and discussion of possible origins of glandular tissue within this area. Multiple connections are present within the umbilicus (vascular, lymphatic, and embryologic) that may give this area access to metastatic lesions. The primary tumors may originate within the usual umbilical tissue (skin and soft tissue). Glands that are not normally present in the region of the umbilicus rarely develop malignant neoplasms. As postulated, glandular tissue may arise either as metaplasia from squamous epithelium or from glandular embryologic rests including omphalomesenteric duct remnants and urachal remnants.     

Primary intracranial leiomyoma: a case report and literature review

We report a case of primary intracranial leiomyoma in 29-year-old woman presented with severe headache. The radiology diagnosis was consistent with meningioma. However, histologically, the tumor had the characteristic appearance of benign smooth muscle. This was confirmed by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. Benign metastasizing leiomyoma was excluded by thorough imaging. Although rare, leiomyoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of well-circumscribed intracranial lesion.     

眼眶原发性脂肪肉瘤附1例报道并文献复习

目的：了解眼眶内原发性脂肪肉瘤的临床及理特点。方法：Ｒ列荆棘人原发性脂肪肉瘤并复习文献中２１例，进行综合讨论，结果：脂肪肉瘤临床表现为眶内占位和貌似急性上的局部红、肿、痛，无特征性的症状；病理分析４型，文献中以不论了多见；次为分化主菜细胞为主型及多型性各１例，分型不详２例；本例为分化良好型为主伴有圆形脂母细胞及多型怀脂母细胞成分。结论：眶内原发性脂肪肉瘤罕见，以粘液样型多见，其他３型也有发生，临床     

肺原发性脑膜瘤1例并文献复习

目的：探讨肺原发性脑膜瘤的临床病理特征、诊断和鉴别诊断、治疗及预后。方法：回顾性分析1例肺原发性脑膜瘤患者的临床资料、组织病理形态、免疫组织化学染色、治疗及随访结果,并回顾相关文献。结果：光镜下肿瘤细胞呈短梭形,细胞呈漩涡状排列,细胞异型性不明显,未见明确核分裂象。免疫组织化学染色结果显示肿瘤细胞胞浆AE1/AE3、CK8/18灶状(+)、EMA(+), S100、SMA、TTF-1、CD34、CD31、PR、ALK、Syn均(–),Ki-67阳性率约1%。组织学和免疫组织化学染色结果均支持良性脑膜瘤的诊断。结论：肺原发性脑膜瘤十分少见,掌握其临床病理特征对该病的诊断、鉴别诊断、治疗及预后具有重要意义。     

Primary costal myelolipoma: a case report and review of the literature

Extra-adrenal myelolipoma is an uncommon entity. But myelolipoma located in the bone is extremely rare. We report a case of myelolipoma occurring in an unusual site: the Costa. It was demonstrated by Computed tomography (CT) scan that an expansive bony mass with heterogeneous low density contents adhered to the 6^th ribs. The mass was successful resected and which was yielded to a bony lump through grossly inspection. Histological, the mass was confirmed as an intraosseous myelolipoma, with mature adipocytes mixed with hemopoietic cells. To the authors’ knowledge, it is the first reported that myelolipoma located in the rib in human beings.     

肾脏原发性淋巴瘤临床病理分析

目的 :对肾脏原发性淋巴瘤的临床病理特点、组织学起源、诊断及鉴别诊断等进行初步探讨。方法 :对 1例手术切除的肾脏原发性淋巴瘤标本做HE染色和S P免疫组化染色 ,光镜观察。结果 :左肾脏上极见一 7 5cm× 6cm× 4cm界限不清的肿块。镜下见在肾实质内有弥漫大片淋巴瘤细胞浸润。瘤细胞核呈略不规则形 ,染色质呈凝块状。免疫表型肿瘤细胞表达LCA、L2 6、IgA弥漫阳性。病理诊断为弥漫小核裂细胞型。 结论 :肾脏原发性淋巴瘤甚为罕见。结合文献 ,其主要诊断依据为 :①肾脏内有弥漫大片形态一致的淋巴瘤细胞浸润 ;②肿瘤主要位于肾脏实质内 ,肾包膜及其周围脂肪组织内亦可见瘤细胞浸润 ;③患者浅表淋巴结不肿大 ,CT检查未见胸、腹腔内有肿大的淋巴结 ;④骨髓穿刺涂片和活检未见异常细胞。⑤发现肾脏淋巴瘤至少 3月后未发现其它部位的淋巴瘤。发生于肾脏的淋巴瘤应与肾脏的肉瘤样癌、Wilm瘤、慢性炎症等相鉴别。其主要治疗方法为肾切除加化疗和 (或 )放疗。     

Primary adrenal leiomyosarcoma: a case report and review of literature

Primary adrenal leiomyosarcoma (PAL) is an extremely rare mesenchymal tumors and originates from the smooth muscle wall of the central adrenal vein and its branches. Herein we report a case of a 49-year-old female suffering from PAL. Computed tomography revealed a well-circumscribed heterogeneously mass measuring 6×5×5 cm located in the left suprarenal areal, and a left laparoscopic adrenalectomy was underwent. Microscopic examination showed a hypercellular tumor with intersecting fascicled of spindled cells. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the cells were positive for desmin, smooth muscle actin (SMA), vimentin and negative for CD34, CD117, S100, Bcl-2 and Dog1. No oncological treatment underwent after surgery, and the patient had no recurrence or metastasis at 6 months postoperatively.     

Primary adenocarcinoma of the thymus: an immunohistochemical and molecular study with review of the literature

Background

Primary adenocarcinoma of thymus is extremely rare.

Case presentation

This is a case of primary adenocarcinoma with intestinal differentiation and focal mucin production in the thymus. Thymic cyst was associated with this tumor. Intestinal differentiation was confirmed by immunohistochemical stain with positivity for CDX-2, CK20, villin, MOC31 and focal positivity of CK7. Array comperative genomic hybridization (CGH) analysis showed a complex pattern of chromosomal imbalances including homozygous deletion at the HLA locus in chromosomal region 6p21.32.

Conclusion

This rare tumor shows a similar genetic aberration with other studied thymic epithelial tumors.

     

Biphasic low-grade nasopharyngeal papillary adenocarcinoma: a case report and literature review

Background

Low-grade nasopharyngeal papillary adenocarcinoma (LGNPPA) is distinctly rare. We report a patient with a uniquely biphasic LGNPPA; additionally, we review similar tumors reported in the literature.

Case presentation

A 56-year-old man presented with an asymptomatic pedunculated tumor in the vault of the nasopharynx, at the junction of the nasal septum and the roof, which was discovered during screening for laryngeal cancer. To obtain a definitive diagnosis, the patient underwent endoscopic endonasal surgery under general anesthesia. Immunohistochemical analysis of the tumor revealed it to be an LGNPPA with a prominent spindle cell component.

Conclusion

To our knowledge, this is the fourth reported LGNPPA exhibiting a spindle cell component and the second with a prominent pathological condition. The prognosis of LGNPPA is usually excellent. Therefore, it is important for clinicians to scrutinize the lesion’s pathology to avoid unnecessary, disfiguring surgery.

     

Breast metastasis from a colonic adenocarcinoma: a case report and literature review

Metastasis to the breast from extramammary tumors are uncommon and metastatic colon carcinoma (MCC) to the breast is extremely rare. A case history is presented of a 42 year-old woman with a finding of a breast lump. One year before,she had undergone an anterior colon resection for a rectal carcinoma. Mammographic examination revealed a high density, well demarcated, 3 cm lesion located in the upper outer quadrant of left breast, along with smaller multiple bilateral nodules. Following breast biopsy, the final diagnosis of MCC was based on the absence of any precursor lesion within the breast (no surrounding ductal carcinoma in situ) and of the expression of cytokeratin 20 and β-catenin on immunohistochemistry.The treatment strategy for metastatic breast disease is based on a proper assessment of such cases by surgeons,radiologists and pathologists.     

Primary splenic angiosarcoma: case report and literature review

Angiosarcoma of the spleen is a rare neoplasm. We describe the clinical findings of an index case at our institution and the results of a literature review of the topic. Generally, this cancer has a poor prognosis and prompt splenectomy offers the only cure, as the cancer is poorly responsive to adjuvant chemotherapy.     

Primary leiomyosarcoma of the pancreas: a case report and review of literature

Primary leiomyosarcoma of the pancreas is a rare tumor for which only 21 reports appear in the world literature. We describe an additional case of pancreatic leiomyosarcoma in a 76-year-old man, who complained of persistent high fever. Histologic examination revealed a pleomorphic spindle cell tumor. Reactivity for muscle-specific actin, alpha-smooth muscle actin, and basement membrane components, along with negative staining for epithelial and neural markers, were consistent with a smooth muscle sarcoma. The patient died of disease 1 year after complete surgical excision. This report highlights the need to use a complete antibody panel in order to accurately immunophenotype pleomorphic malignant tumors of the pancreas. A review of the cases compiled in the literature indicates that pancreatic leiomyosarcoma, like its counterpart arising in deep soft tissues, is an aggressive neoplasm characterized by short survival and a high rate of metastases.     

Primary liposarcoma of the liver: a case report and review of literature

Liposarcoma is a rare mesenchymal malignant tumor, which usually originates in the retroperitoneum and the extremities. Seven cases of primary liposarcoma of the liver have been previously reported. We present the eighth case, which occurred in an adult female patient. Primary liposarcoma of the liver, although extremely rare, must be considered in the differential diagnosis of a hepatic mass that develops in a noncirrhotic liver, especially in patients who are potential candidates for orthotopic liver transplantation. Liposarcoma is an absolute contraindication for liver transplantation.     

Primary gastric choriocarcinoma: a case report and review of the literature.

Choriocarcinoma is a rapidly invasive, widely metastatic human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG)-producing neoplasm, usually intrauterine and gestational. Primary gastric choriocarcinoma is very rare, and its pathogenesis is still uncertain. We report a case of primary gastric choriocarcinoma associated with adenocarcinoma in a 36-year-old woman. The patient presented with gastrointestinal bleeding and a gastric mass clinically suspicious of gastric adenocarcinoma. Histopathologic evaluation proved the tumor to be a choriocarcinoma, with a minor component of a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. The patient was treated with a standard nongestational choriocarcinoma chemotherapy regimen. An impressive initial response was evidenced by clinical reduction of the tumor volume and drop of the serum beta-HCG levels after the first cycle. However, the tumor rapidly recurred in the abdomen and disseminated to the lungs, which were documented by new elevation of serum beta-HCG levels and computed tomographic scans despite continuing with 3 more cycles of chemotherapy. The patient died 6 months after diagnosis.