感染旋毛虫小鼠外周血T淋巴细胞及其亚群和血清IgG抗体的变化

本实验用酸性α醋酸萘脂酶染色法观察实验感染旋毛虫小鼠外周血T淋巴细胞及其亚群的变化,以斑点-ELISA试验观察血清IgG抗体的变化。小鼠感染后第3d起外周血T淋巴细胞开始增高,第14d达最高水平,此后开始降低,第77d仍未降至正常水平,而其中斑点型细胞(辅助性T细胞,T_h)和弥散型细胞(抑制性T细胞,T_s)呈反向变化,前者减少,后者增多,T_h/T_s比值降低,表明旋毛虫感染过程中宿主免疫功能受抑制。同时观察到感染后第7d外周血清IgG抗体滴度开始增高,第28-42d达最高水平,第140d仍维持较高水平。     

环孢素A对感染旋毛虫小鼠的免疫调节作用

目的观察环孢素A(CsA)对感染旋毛虫小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法小鼠腹腔注射环孢素A感染旋毛虫后,分别采用ELISA和流式细胞仪检测小鼠不同时期外周血中IL-2含量、CD4+及CD8+T淋巴细胞的百分率。结果(1)单纯感染旋毛虫小鼠感染后1~5周IL-2的含量较正常组明显增加;注射CsA组小鼠感染后1周IL-2的含量较单纯感染组明显降低,感染后2~4周IL-2的含量与单纯感染组相比无明显差异,但仍高于正常组。(2)单纯感染旋毛虫小鼠感染后1~4周,CD4+T淋巴细胞较正常组明显减少,CD8+T淋巴细胞明显增多,CD4+/CD8+比值明显下降;注射CsA组小鼠CD4+T淋巴细胞细胞较单纯感染组明显减少,而CD8+T淋巴细胞无明显变化。结论CsA对感染旋毛虫小鼠具有一定的免疫调节作用。     

旋毛虫感染小鼠IgG、IL-2和T淋巴细胞亚群动态变化的观察

目的　了解小鼠感染旋毛虫后 Ig G抗体水平、IL - 2分泌量和 T淋巴细胞亚群的动态变化。方法　分别于旋毛虫感染后第 7、14、2 1、2 8和 35天 ,采用 EL ISA方法检测血清特异性 Ig G抗体水平和 IL- 2含量 ,采用流式细胞仪检测 CD4+、CD8+T细胞百分率。结果　 Ig G抗体水平在感染后逐渐上升 ,感杂后 35天达最高值 ;T淋巴细胞的变化表现为 CD4+T细胞减少、CD8+T细胞增多 ,CD4+/ CD8+细胞比值下降 ,以感染后第 14天最为显著 ,直到感染后第 35天仍未见恢复。IL - 2分泌量以感染后第 7天达高峰 ,然后迅速下降 ,到感染后第 35天低于正常组。讨论　旋毛虫感染的急性期 ,小鼠出现免疫抑制现象。抗旋毛虫感染的保护性免疫是由细胞免疫与体液免疫协同完成的。     

流式细胞术测定感染旋毛虫小鼠免疫功能的研究

目的观察感染旋毛虫小鼠免疫功能的动态变化.方法采用流式细胞术分别检测感染旋毛虫后7、14、21、28、35d小鼠外周血CD4+、CD8+T淋巴细胞的百分率.结果实验组较正常组CD4+T细胞减少,CD8+T细胞增多,CD4+/CD8+细胞比值下降(P＜0.05),以感染后第14d最明显,直到感染后35d仍未见恢复.结论感染旋毛虫的小鼠出现免疫抑制现象,感染急性期的免疫抑制程度最高.     

流式细胞术测定感染旋毛虫小鼠免疫功能的研究

目的 观察感染旋毛虫小鼠免疫功能的动态变化。方法 采用流式细胞术分别检测感染旋毛虫后7、14、21、28．35d小鼠外周血CD4^ ,CD8^ T淋巴细胞的百分率。结果 实验组较正常组CD4^ T细胞减少，CD8^ T细胞增多，CD4^ /CD8^ 细胞比值下降（P＜0．05），以感染后第14d最明显，直到感染后35d仍未见恢复。结论 感染旋毛虫的小鼠出现免疫抑制现象，感染急性期的免疫抑制程度最高。     

感染旋毛虫大鼠免疫功能的动态观察

目的　观察感染旋毛虫大鼠免疫功能的动态变化。　方法　采用免疫组化的方法分别检测感染旋毛虫后 7、14、21、28、35、60 d大鼠外周血CD4+、CD8+T淋巴细胞的百分率,并同时用酶联免疫吸附试验测定IgE水平。　结果　实验组较对照组CD4+T细胞减少, CD8+T细胞增多,CD4+/CD8+比值下降(P<0.01),以感染后第14 d最明显,直到感染后60 d仍未见恢复;大鼠外周血中IgE水平在感染旋毛虫后7 d增加,21 d达到高峰。　结论　感染旋毛虫的大鼠出现免疫抑制现象,感染急性期的免疫抑制程度最高,感染大鼠的免疫抑制主要发生在成虫产新生蚴及新生蚴移行期。IgE是大鼠旋毛虫感染急性期重要的抗体。     

弓形虫感染孕鼠T淋巴细胞亚群在外周血及蜕膜变化的研究

目的　探讨弓形虫感染孕鼠T淋巴细胞亚群在外周血及蜕膜的变化。方法　正常及弓形虫感染 (感染后 72h)孕鼠均于孕 1 8天 ,采用流式细胞仪技术检测外周血及蜕膜CD+ 4、CD+ 8T细胞百分率。结果　 (1 )在外周血 ,T淋巴细胞的变化表现为CD+ 4T细胞增多 (P <0 0 1 ) ,CD+ 8T细胞几乎无改变 ,CD+ 4/CD+ 8细胞比值增大 (P <0 0 1 )。 (2 )在蜕膜 ,T淋巴细胞的变化表现为CD+ 4T细胞减少 (P <0 0 5) ,CD+ 8T细胞增多 (P <0 0 5) ,CD+ 4/CD+ 8细胞比值减小 (P <0 0 1 )。结论　蜕膜局部对于阻断弓形虫感染孕鼠的母婴垂直传播可能起着重要的作用     

大颗粒T-淋巴细胞白血病合并溶血性贫血1例并文献复习

<正>大颗粒淋巴细胞白血病(large granular lymphocytic leukemia,LGLL)是以大颗粒淋巴细胞异常增多、中性粒细胞减少为主要血液系统改变的一种少见类型白血病。正常大颗粒淋巴细胞(LGL)占正常人外周血单个核细胞的10%~15%,其中大部分(85%)来自于CD3(-)NK细胞,小部分(15%)来自于CD3(+)T细胞〔1〕。因此,LGLL根据CD3的表达分为2个主要亚型:T细胞型(T-     

旋毛虫感染小鼠的脾脏和胸腺细胞对丝裂原反应性的变化

利用体外淋巴细胞转化试验(Lymphocyte Trans-formation Test,简称淋转)测定机体细胞免疫功能,是目前研究细胞免疫的重要手段之一。本文探讨了感染旋毛虫小鼠7、14、98、63d脾细胞和胸腺细胞对不同分裂原的淋转结果。以Con A作为T淋巴细胞的激活剂,LPS为B淋巴细胞的激活剂,用氚化胸腺嘧啶核苷(~3H-TdR)进行标记。旋毛虫感染小鼠后的     

人工感染旋毛虫牛机体免疫状态的研究

人工感染旋毛虫牛,于感染前、后做白细胞分类、计数和淋巴细胞内多糖类物质含量的测定。结果发现,牛感染旋毛虫后血液中各类白细胞均增多,以嗜酸性白细胞的增多最为明显,是感染前的13.7倍,在感染后第25天达峰值,血液中的T-淋巴细胞显著增多,在第29天达峰值,其中辅助性T-淋巴细胞比抑制性T-淋巴细胞增加显著;血液中的淋巴细胞经酶联葡萄球菌A蛋白(HRP-SPA)标记后,表面膜免疫球蛋白阳性B(SmIg~+B)淋巴细胞明显增多,在感染后13和37天二次达峰值;血清中免疫球蛋白含量在感染后19和43天二次达高峰,其中IgG在感染后29和43天二次达高峰。这些检测结果初步提供了牛感染旋毛虫后机体的免疫状态。     

感染旋毛虫小鼠外周血T淋巴细胞及其亚群和血清...

Acid alpha-naphthyl esterase (ANAE), a cytoplasmic marker, was used to identify the T lymphocytes and their subpopulations in peripheral blood of mice infected with Trichinella spiralis, and Dot-ELISA was used to identify the serum IgG antibody of the infected mice. The results showed that T lymphocytes increased on the d3 after infection, reaching the peak on d14, and then remained in number greater than normal up to d77. The spotted granular ANAE positive cells (Help T cells, Th) decreased and the scattered granular ANAE positive cells (Suppressor T cells, Ts) increased, leading to a drop of the Th/Ts ratio. The reduction in host immune function during T. spiralis infection might be related to the drop of Th/Ts ratio. At the same time, the serum IgG antibody increased on d7 after infection, reaching the peak on d28, and remained higher up to d140. The results indicated that the host's cellular immunological level was lower while the host's IgG antibody level was higher during T. spiralis infection.     

激素对感染旋毛虫小鼠病理及免疫影响的动态观察

应用组织学及酯酶染色法动态观察了醋酸可的松对感染旋毛虫小鼠肌组织病理及免疫细胞的影响。实验结果发现,该药在使用期间可抑制虫体/囊包周围的炎症反应,使外周血Th减少,Ts增高,Th/Ts比值降低以及嗜酸粒细胞数减少,表明感染旋毛虫小鼠使用激素可降低机体的免疫力。     

旋毛虫成虫可溶性抗原免疫小鼠攻击感染后的免疫应答

目的　探讨旋毛虫成虫可溶性抗原 (AWSAg)接种小鼠后诱发的免疫应答。　 方法　制备旋毛虫AWSAg免疫小鼠 ,分别于攻击感染后 7、14、2 1、2 8和 3 5d ,动态观察免疫小鼠特异性IgG抗体水平、IL 2水平和T淋巴细胞亚群的变化。　结果　与非免疫鼠相比 ,免疫鼠血清特异性IgG抗体OD值在攻击感染后 7d明显升高 ,在观察期内一直高于非免疫鼠。感染后 7dIL 2水平明显增高 ,达观察期内最高值 ,2 1d后才逐渐减少 ,在感染后 2 8～ 3 5d仍高于正常组。免疫鼠CD4+ T细胞在攻击感染 7d明显增加并保持不变 ,非免疫鼠CD4+ T细胞及CD4/CD8比值明显较正常鼠减低。　结论　旋毛虫AWSAg免疫小鼠攻击感染后 ,出现细胞、体液免疫应答。     

Activity of natural killer (NK) cells in the course of experimental trichinellosis in mice.

B6C3F1 mice were infected with 200 or 500 larvae of Trichinella spiralis per mouse and pulmonary NK cell-mediated clearance of semisyngeneic tumour cells was determined in vivo on days 10, 20, 30, and 60 after the infection. Cytotoxic activity of NK cells in the lungs was substantially elevated on days 20 and 30 after challenge with both "doses" of the parasite. At the same time large granular lymphocytes (LGLs) as well as cells expressing surface asialo-GM1 molecules were isolated in elevated numbers from spleens of the infected as opposed to the normal mice. Expression of other markers of differentiation, such as THy 1, CD4, and CD8 was also enhanced on splenocytes isolated from the infected mice on day 30 but not 20 after administration of the larvae. The present results indicate that NK cell-mediated activity in vivo is stimulated above the baseline level during migration and early muscle phases of the infection with T. spiralis in mice. The possible impact of this effect upon the course of trichinellosis as well as upon the growth of tumours in the infected host is discussed.     

An analysis of T lymphocyte subpopulations in patients with Alzheimer's disease

The relative proportions of regulatory T lymphocyte subpopulations and T lymphocyte proliferative responses to the mitogen phytohemagglutinin (PHA) were studied in 30 patients with clinically apparent Alzheimer's disease (mean age = 71.5). Comparisons were made with 30 age-matched, nondemented healthy controls (mean age = 68.8) and with 20 younger, normal adult controls (mean age = 27.5). The relative percentages of total peripheral T lymphocytes, T helper/inducer lymphocytes (Th), and T suppressor/cytotoxic lymphocytes (Ts) were similar between the Alzheimer patient group and the age-matched controls. However, when the two older groups were compared with the young adult controls, a significant decrease was seen in the percentage of Ts cells, with a concomitant increase in the ratio of Th:Ts. Lymphocyte proliferative responses to PHA were similar in the Alzheimer patients and their age-matched controls; however, when compared with the young adult controls, a significant decrease in responsiveness for both older groups was observed. These results confirm decreases in certain immune indices with aging, but suggest that there are no changes in T lymphocyte subsets or in lymphocyte proliferation, which are unique to Alzheimer's disease.     

Immunological relationships during primary infection with Heligmosomoides polygyrus (Nematospiroides dubius): downregulation of specific cytokine secretion (IL-9 and IL-10) correlates with poor mastocytosis and chronic survival of adult worms

Mice were infected either with Trichinella spiralis (day 0). Heligmosomoides polygyrus (day – 14) or concurrently with both species and were killed in groups, together with naïve control mice, on 2 occasions (day 8 and 15 post infection with T. spiralis, corresponding to days 22 and 29 p.i. with H. polygyrus). The expulsion of T. spiralis was slowed significantly in concurrently infected mice and this was associated with a reduced mastocytosis and lower serum mucosal mast cell protease levels. Mesenteric lymph node (MLN) lymphocytes from all three experimental groups secreted IL-3 and IL-4 in copious amounts when stimulated in vitro by Concanavalin A (Con-A), but the secretion of high levels of IL-9 and IL-10 was essentially confined to mice infected with T. spiralis alone. It is suggested that adult H. polygyrus selectively modulate cytokine secretion by Th2 cells within the MLN during infection and that this is brought about as a direct consequence of the mechanism employed by H. polygyrus to depress mucosal inflammatory responses in order to facilitate its own survival.     

Studies of the lymphatic system in mice infected with Trichinella pseudospiralis as well as infected and stimulated by Phytohaemagglutin (PHA-P)]

Mice CFW were infected per os with Trichinella pseudospiralis (150 larvae/mice). The mice were divided in two groups: nonstimulated and stimulated intraperitoneally with PHA-P at dose 10 mg/kg body weight. The animals were killed 7, 14, 21, 28, 42, 56, 70 and 150 day post infection (d.p.i.). Spleen et mesenteric lymph nodes were examined histopathologically (Hematoxylin-Eosin) and histochemically (nonspecific esterase reaction) for differentiation of T lymphocytes. The obtained results reveal that T. pseudospiralis infection caused weak mobilisation of mouse lymphatic system lasting only to 70 day of experiment. In the lymphatic organs of infected mice small number of T lymphocytes were observed mostly between 28 and 56 d.p.i. The intraperitoneally stimulation with PHA-P give rise to caused only little mobilisation of lymphatic tissue and small increase of T lymphocytes number. The obtained results were compared with analogic earlier experiments with T. spiralis infection.     

旋毛虫Ts21重组蛋白的免疫诊断价值及免疫保护作用的研究

目的 探讨旋毛虫Ts21重组蛋白的免疫诊断价值及免疫保护作用。 方法 应用旋毛虫Ts21重组蛋白ELISA（Ts21-LISA）与肌幼虫ES抗原ELISA（ES-LISA）对旋毛虫病与其他寄生虫病患者血清及5种旋毛虫（T1、T2、T3、T4和T7）感染小鼠血清进行检测,并观察不同剂量旋毛虫感染小鼠后不同时间的血清抗体水平。将Ts21重组蛋白皮下注射免疫小鼠（20 μg/只,免疫3次,每次间隔10 d）,末次免疫后10 d,每只小鼠用300条旋毛虫肌幼虫经口攻击感染,3.5 d和42 d 后剖杀,观察肠道成虫与肌幼虫数并计算减虫率。 结果 Ts21-LISA检测旋毛虫病、并殖吸虫病、囊尾蚴病及棘球蚴病患者血清的抗体阳性率分别为94.7%（18/19）、15.8%（3/19）、9.1%（1/11）和7.7%（1/13）,与血吸虫病、华支睾吸虫病患者血清及健康人血清无交叉反应;Ts21重组蛋白与ES抗原ELISA检测旋毛虫病患者血清抗体的敏感性与特异性差异均无统计学意义（χ²=0,P＞0.05;χ²=0.358,P＞0.05）。Ts21重组蛋白与ES抗原检测T1感染小鼠血清的敏感性差异无统计学意义（χ²=0.104,P＞0.05）,与T2、T3、T4、T7感染小鼠血清的交叉反应率明显低于ES抗原（χ²=17.069,P＜0.05）。小鼠感染300条旋毛虫后4 周,应用Ts21-LISA检测的血清抗体阳性率为100%（10/10）;小鼠感染5条旋毛虫后6周,血清抗体阳性率为100%（10/10）。Ts21重组蛋白免疫小鼠用旋毛虫攻击感染后3.5 d和42 d,肠道成虫与肌幼虫减虫率分别为42.71%和49.8%。 结论 Ts21重组蛋白可用于旋毛虫病的血清学检测,但不能忽视与并殖吸虫病、囊尾蚴病及棘球蚴病患者血清的交叉反应。     

The effect of long-term thymosine factor x/TFx/treatment on T lymphocyte subpopulations and peripheral blood mononuclear cell cytotoxicity in chronic active hepatitis B.

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) cytotoxic activity, percentage of natural killer (NK) cells and T lymphocyte subpopulations in PBMC of 24 patients suffering from chronic active hepatitis B (CAH-B) have been studied. In comparison with healthy subjects CAH-B patients had significantly enhanced both lymphocyte T suppressor (Ts) and NK cell number. Thirteen CAH-B patients with higher Ts number and low lymphocyte T helper/T suppressor ratio (Th/Ts) were subjected to immunostimulation by thymosine factor x (TFx) treatment. After 1 year of TFx treatment all the CAH-B patients improved clinically, the Th/Ts ratio was brought back to normal and 80 per cent of HBe Ag carriers seroconverted to anti-HBe. After one year of TFx administration no significant changes were observed in PBMC cytotoxicity and NK cell number. TFx appears to be a very effective therapeutic agent in some forms of CAH-B. The obtained results show that TFx normalises biochemical parameters of liver lesion and Th/Ts ratio without any effect on NK cell activity in CAH-B patients.     

Differences in T cell subsets between men and women with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder, occurring predominantly in women. We studied by flow cytofluorimetry the T cell subsets in men and women with ITP and compared them with healthy sex-matched volunteers. In healthy controls, women were found to have higher proportions of T helper/inducer (Th/i) and lower T suppressor/cytotoxic (Ts/c) lymphocytes and consequently higher Th/i:Ts/c ratios than men. Accordingly, in clinical surveys, patients and controls should be matched for sex for proper comparisons. In patients with ITP in its active phase, an imbalance in T cell subsets was found in both sexes. The perturbation was more severe in women who had a marked decrease in number and proportion of Th/i lymphocytes and an increase in the proportion of Ts/c lymphocytes, whereas in men only, the proportion of Th/i lymphocytes was decreased. When patients with active disease were compared to those with ITP in remission, the decrease in Th/i subsets still persisted in both sexes but the Ts/c subset in women had returned to normal proportions. Therefore, the immune imbalance in ITP is more marked in women than men; imbalances in both Th/i and Ts/c are present in women while Ts/c appears not to be involved in men.